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VOLUME VI. NO, 20.} 
ROCHESTER, N. Y—SATURDAY, MAY 19, 1855. 
I WHOLE NO. 280, 
Pom’s $kral HUfo-farlur: 
A QUARTO -WEEKLY 
AGRICULTURAL, LIT ERARY, & FAMILY JOURNAL. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
ASSOCIATE EDITORS : 
t p KTYP.Y T C PETERS, EDWARD WEBSTER. 
J. B. BKBY, T gp0ciai Contribntorg ; 
1. B. Wotkoeb, H. C. Width, H. T. Brooks, L. Wxnnawsi. 
Radios’ Port-Folio by Aznjr.. 
renders its effect upon the soil more slow of harder from the effect of drouth than a light 
development, but on the other hand, it will one. The porous soil takes up moisture from 
be all the more lasting. This fish manure below, as well as absorbs it from the atmos- 
sells readily in France at £8 per ton, and P^ere. This is one reason why subsoil plow- 
preparations are being made to extend the in g does 80 mnch to prevent injury from 
manufacture to other localities. In 1851 a drouth ; it increases the depth of the surface 
son of M. Moi,on took out materials fores- soil, and gives greater extent to its power of trap- 
tablishiDg a similar manufactory at Kerpon, Paving moisture to the plant. 
_ near the strait of Belliale, for the purpose of 
The Rural Nkw-Yorkkr la designed to be unique and conyer (i n g the refuse of the Newfoundland I 
fisheries into manure. The establishment to 
to make it a Reliable Guide on the important Practical D OW in successful operation, and employs 150 
Subjocts connected with tho business of those whose men> 
interests it advocates. It embraces more Agricultural W ben we reflect upon the gigantic magni- 
Hnrticultural Scientific, Mechanical, Literary and News , „ , . , 
Matter, interspersed with many appropriate and beautiful tude of the cod fisheries upon the N ewfound- 
A DAY AT MAKING ROADS. 
[ As a seasonable, pertinent, and sprightly 
description of the way our Roads are worked, 
we give place to the following somewhat 
lengthy article. Any one who has “ worked 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT. 
WHERE WE CAN OBTAIN MANURE. 
Matter, interspersed with many appropriate au . ... - Out” SO much as a “ poll tax ” On a Country 
Engravings, than any other paper published in this j an( j banka, and the immense quantity of / . . ., r / 
Country,—rentioring it a complete acuhccxtoral, Jjtkrart ^ ^ gubstance that if} ^ thrQwn highway will be able to appreciate the lifelike 
and Family Newspaper. the sea or suffered to pollute the S Q ° ' ' - 
_____ atmosphere upon the shore, we can readily A glance at your article, entitled ‘-Roads 
-- 77 perceive that an amount of fertilizing material and Road Making,” suddenly suggested to my 
Yl vyv'tvl pO aUa dlTfYV'U D-V* is yearly lost, which if preserved, would serve recollection the materials of a sketch which 1 
JiiUi m ^Vv-w 1 J aM Hii a to reclaim and restore to fertility indefinite had frequently contemplated on that subject, 
__ extents of barren waste. It is estimated that and so eminently farcical, as you suggest, is 
PROGRES3 AND IMPROVEMENT. oae million four hundred thousand tons is the the whole process of annually molesting moth- 
vAAiww;v<A/wv average yearly product of the Newfoundland er earth in rural squads of drivers and dig- 
WHERE "WE CAN OBTAIN MANURE. fisheries, one-half of which is composed of offal gere, that you will pardon me for carrying out 
-- and waste material, and is entirely thrown a neglected intention. I need scarcely go so 
The inquiry was made in the last week’s awa y it w jfi readily be perceived, that if far back as the town-meeting proclamation, 
Rural, “ where we should obtain manure?” tbig } mmense amount, together with that of which Esquire Somebody makes from the top 
in order to make up the deficiency that must otber coast fisheries, were converted into an of a barrel, invoking the good towns-peopleto 
occur when agricultural lands are, as at pres- ar tifi c ial manure equal to guano, the civilized assemble and nominate “ overseers.” I need 
ent, taxed to their utmost in the production of wor j ( j wou ]<i uo t, as at present, be dependent not announce my admiration of the good 
human food. The proposition needs no de- upon an i uao i en t monopoly, which the guano ’Squire’s fortitude and patience in putting to 
monstration that tho richest soil becomes tra j e now is, for the means of renewing im- vote the nominations, while a shivering March 
rapidly impoverished by unskillful tillage.— poverished lands, and of stimulating prcduc- wind whisks his grizzly locks about, and sets 
Witness in proof the barren lands of Eastern ^j ye go y g ^o s un g rC ater fertility. a dozen by standers to whacking themselves 
Virginia, which once produced the best crops -- with their long arms to keep warm. Nor 
of tobacco in the world, and which now lie ^ THOUGHT ON DRAINING. need I even mention the ludicrousness of de 
open and uncultivated, a desolate and forsaken - daring each nominee “ nnanm:. mdy elected,” 
waste. These lauds can be revivified and Noaii and his family are not the only peo- when at most but two or three rough and 
■ 
DEDEHICK’S PORTABLE HAY PRESS. 
waste. These lauds can be revivified and 
rapidly impoverished by unskillful tillage.— poverished lands, and of stimulating prcduc- wind whisks his grizzly locks about, and sets The accompanying engraving represents a the hay with a power which is as simple as it 
Witness in proof the barren lands of Eastern ^ ye soils to still greater fertility. a dozen by standers to whacking themselves new Horizontal Portable Parallel Lever Hay is evidently tremendous. The only particular 
Virginia, which once produced the best crops -- with their long arms to keep warm. Nor Press, patented last season, and manufactured difference between this and the V eracal Press 
of tobacco in the world, and which now lie ^ THOUGHT ON DRAINING. need I even mention the ludicrousness of de by Messrs. Deering & Dickson, of Albany, is in its position, and the head of the press 
open and uncultivated, a desolate and forsaken - daring each nominee “nnanL msly elected,” N. Y. The press, as above represented, (and he mg maae to mote ofi toy the reception of 
waste. These lauds can be revivified and Noaii and his family are not the only peo- when at most but two or three rough and the difference between it and “ Dederick’s the hay; upon being laid uown it is ^..vod 
made again productive ; indeed, under careful p } e w ho have waited—with more or less of ready “ayes” are responded to every appeal Vertical Portable Hay Press,” also manuiac- on runners just as the horizontal is moved, 
husbandry, and a plentiful application of faith and patience—for “ the subsiding of the of the ’Squire. The most forward man in tured by Messrs. I). & D.) is thus described : In either press l ao men and a oov to attend 
guano and other manures, a wonderful change wa ters.” Every farmer having undrained, every district has got his neighbor’s name in “ The above is a cut of a new Portable Hay the horse, can bale irom 5 to 8 tons of hay 
for the better has taken place within a few retentive soils which he would sow or plant in his mouth, whom he likes, and with catlike Press, which is filled and operated in a hori- per day, according to the size or No. of the 
years. But home-made manures are of no- „. 00< j season, ha 3 often been reminded that quickness he springs it out, taking pains to zontal position. The press for a .100 lb. bale, press. Hitherto the nay press has been a 
cessity limited in quantity, and the beds of evaporation is a tedious process, and that some vote very loud, so that what his friend lacks is 12 leet long, 5 high, and wide, and, great, ciumsy article which had to be built by 
Peruvian guano must at some time or other gpeedier way of getting rid of the surplus wa- in numerical support, he means to make up in weighing not more than 2,000 lbs., can be the farmer and his neighbor smitns and car- 
become exhausted. Where, then, is a substi- ter would be very convenient and agreeable.— vocal heartiness. It would scarcely be pre- moved from one field or farm to another by a peuters, at a great expense and trouble ; but 
tute to bo found ? is the inquiry that interests rpbat it would be profitable—that in nearly sumption to call this a “farce,” but never pair of horses or oxen drawing it, as they the beauty of these presses is that they aic so 
us all. every instance the expense of draining would mind—we pass on. would a sleigh, on its own shoes attached un- constructed that they can be taken apart at 
The ocean seems to afford materials for the be re paid by longer seasons and better crops, March and April, rugged and changeable derneath. The cut represents a bale in the the manufactory, shipped in seten pieces to 
manufacture of an indefinite quantity of ma- surely needs little argument to show. fellows, have come and gone, and over their press, bound ready for removal from the door, any part of the country ; and (with the aid of 
nure, equal, it is believed, in every respect, to Look at a retentive soil in early spring graves comes lightly skipping, and blithe as c, there being another such door on the other the printed directions accompanying each ma- 
guano itself. The question of its practicabil- time. It is a stiff clay or ha 3 a subsoil of the lambs that leap in the sunshine. Sweet side, so that the bale is taken from either side chine) put together again a rear y or opera- 
ity is settled by actual experiment, and the tka t character. The water, now abundant on queen May. The whole world is delighted to at pleasure, b, b, are the upper doors, which tion in a coupie of hours, by any two farmers 
only one yet to be determined is that on the the surface and saturating the upper soil, must see her. Nature falls into a fit of laughter, are represented open, ready again for the re- without any aid whatever from mechanics.” 
score of economy. Indeed, upon a compara- paS3 awa y either by drainage or evaporation, which is only curbed by the scorching heat of ception of the hay. j, k, are the levers, which For price, Ac., of both the Horizontal and 
tively small scale, that question is settled also. It cannot sink or filtrate away, the impervious dog-days,—the fields prick up their little green being drawn down by a system of ropes and \ ertieal Presses, see advertisement of the 
Fish manure is at present successfully maim- nature of tho soil prevents, and it must remain lances of grass, and their round, three-mated pullies, n, r, r, press the follower forward on manufacturers in this paper. 
factured at Concarneau, on the coast of stagnant until disposed of by the warmth of clover leaves. Corn planting comes in due ——--■ ~~ ■ ■ - ' -■■■— .-- -■ -. ■ - 
France, by Messrs. Molon and Thurnyssen. the sun and air. And evaporation is always time, and the planters go leaning over their body is in a hurry, and there seems to be but not set there like a pack o’ drones ?” Tost 
The material used is the refuse of the sardine a cooling process—the heat passing off with hoes, dropping the golden seed from the corn- one general sentiment in the company, and does not seem to consider the inconsistency of 
fisheries, of which about twenty tons daily is the vapor—and in proportion to the quantity bags, and stamping every hoe full of mellow that is expressed in the famous but yet sig- urging the indispensableness of his presence, 
obtained, and five tons of the manufactured 0 f wa ter thus passing, will be the loss of heat dirt, as much as to say to every buried clus- nificant phrase of “ Take it easy.” Yes! take and rebuking the general idleness at the same 
article produced therefrom. from the soil. The same quantity disposed of ter of five kernels—“ There you are — now it easy, sure enough, and you would think by breath. 
The apparatus employed in the manufacture by filtration produces no change in the tem- grow!” Over the fields they go, stoopmg, the tardy motions of the comers, that nobody “ We are waitin’for our boss,” says Ike; 
consists of a steam engine often horse-power, perature, except to bring that of the subsoil trudging and stamping, till the work is de- thought of getting seriously to work for an “ we want a man tall enough to look over the 
wilh ateam iackets. twenty- the same with the surface, which is usually dared by the patriarch of the fields done.— hour to come at least. hull ground to once.” “We want ye to tell 
hull ground to once. 
two boiliDg pans with steam jackets, twenty- the same with the surface, which is usually dared by the patriarch of the fields done.— hour to come at least. hull ground to once.” “We want ye to tell 
four screw presses, a rasping machine, a large an increase, as the surface is naturally the By-and by the little spears, faithful to the in- Yonder is “ big Tom,” a Herculean Yankee, us _^ tbcre s & oin ^ an 7 S P°L 011 the sun, 
oven, and a conical iron mill. About a ton warmest in the spring, when water is most junction, probe the flat coverlid of earth, and two-fisted and tall, and as his form comes this hot day,” says another, 
of the refuse fish and offal is placed in the abundant and troublesome. This is what point their apices up to the sky. In the mean looming up, a general feeliDg of satisfaction “ Ah-h-h-h—,” gutter ally utters Tom, with 
pan, where it is boiled by the escape steam shortens the season of preparation for plant- time good Old “ Unde Ben,” the overseer in diffuses itself through the company, for Tom a knowing twist oi his head, bringing his chin 
from the engine for an hour, after which it is ing and sowing, as well as hinders the growth our district, goes round, with a kind of ogri- is a f am0 us fellow, good humored and lu3ty, down and opening his eyes wide, 
transferred to hollow iron cylinders perforated afterward. This is why so many fields of bar- cultural swing in his gait, (Uncle Ben is an an( j withal very cute. The men and boys are “ Taint a bit too hot—do ye good to pus- 
with small holes, placed within the screw ley, oats, corn, Ac., are got in either very old worker, I can tell you,) to warn every man raD g e d along the turf on the brink of the pire a little,—that ground mustache holdin’ 
presses, and pressure gradually applied and late or in a half way manner almost certain to of his several obligations to the public, and bank, lazily kicking the soil and stones, or up such a lazy set of fellers as you be. Ef I 
increased. The oil and water exude through ensure their failure. It is this want of drain- contribute his share of labor to renovate the picking to bits the blades of grass, while they was pathmaster, I’d have ye into the dirt, 
the holes in the surface of the cylinder, and age which heaves out the wheat and clover, roads. Now and then a haid-pressed business watch the slowly advancing figure of Tom.— straight from the mark.” But Tom loves a 
are collected in vats below. The oil rises on and tills the meadows with wild grass instead man, or a paragon of laziness in the neighbor- q 00( j Uncle Ben, who is too conscientious and lounge on the grass, any day, and so trudging 
the surface in the vats where it is collected, of wholesome herbage. | hood, prefers to pay a tax, but this is seldom, industrious to remain inactive, has got his up alongside, he tumbles lazily down, and 
and afterwards purified for manufacturing The vast difference in the ease of working, Whoever lacks time or inclination to work, p l ow on the ground, and while one of his boys leaning over back, stretches out his legs near 
purposes. The fish cheeses, after being thor- the season in which operations can be com- takes the precaution to provide a substitute, dips its point into the “ gravel,” the old man about as long as a cameleopard’s,. and rests 
oughly pressed, are rasped in the machine, menced, and the ultimate product (taking or by an extra supply of team work makes up haws and gees the oxen dexterously along, the on one elbow planted in the sod, with a kind 
then dried in an oven on pans, and subse- amount of manure supplied, or it3 equivalent, for an absence of “ hands.” line of movement menacing the already over- of gigantic relish. A pause ensues, in which 
quently ground fine in the mill, and put up in into question.) of a porous and well drained At length the appointed day comes round, hanging brow of the bank by weakening the is heard the clicking ot a tobacco box, and a 
sacks like guano for the market. soil, compared with a compact and retentive Every man becomes at oDce oblivious of work base, over which dangle the legs of a dozen or rattling of dirt from sundry punches with a 
This mauuro is a very powerful fertilizer, one, is seldom rated too highly, and never yet on his farm, and there is a general tackling of two chaps who have gone no further than to hoe. Finally, a wagon comes along oyer the 
and by analysis is found to contain twelve has had that weight with those interested, horses, mustering of shovels, hoes, plows, sera- commence thinking of what they are going to track of the plow, and the driver having set 
per cent, of nitrogen and fourteen per cent, of which its importance deserves. We hope our pers, &c., and late in the morning, say about do. U P some shabb y boards on Slde ’ a few 
phosphate of lime, besides other valuable farming friends while waiting “ the subsiding half past eight o’clock, there is a slow central- “Ruther late—rather late — old feller!” “ baneers” lazily descend and commence ram- 
properties, which proves it to be in all re- of the waters,” before they could plow some ization of life and implements towards a desig- bawl half a dozen, as Tom comes within easy iDg the dirt into the vehicle. Tom, from his 
spects equal to the best Peruvian guano._ clayey or marshy soil, have thought of it and nated rendezvous, usually a hill side, from hearing. “ A man o’ your size ought to get perch, cheers, criticises, and scolds the work- 
There is this difference, however, in its action, will let their thoughts take shape in carrying whose banks are mined the materials for re- under motion a little earlier, seein’ you move men in turn, and after giving some hini3 of 
that in guano the ammonia exists ready form- out this much-needed improvement. plenishing the wasted reads, filling up ruts 30 slow !” wonderful reserved strength in his huge and 
ed, while in the fish manure it is in an ele- Not only is the need of draining observed and holes, and elevating depressions. Late in “Don’t be alarmed, boys, hadoes Tom, quiet boney, & lV ® 3 j® opinion of w at is a 
mentary state, and must undergo a chemical in early spring, but in the heat and drouth of the morning, we said, tor there is nothing like “you never can do nothin till I git along.— mad and w len t e s ove s may are iea l - 
change before the ammonia appears. This summer. A heavy soil becomes far dryer and an ambition to make a good day’s job—no- Wby don’t you make the dirt fly, tnough, an oo goest e wagon own ,an e^ o\ 
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