. —- . ..... . ...„„.„ ...... Z 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER; AN AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 207 
other, and continue to increase in quantity tie up to it, which will encourage fiesh roots 
over the other.’' This has not been my ex- and strengthen the plant. If the weather be 
perience. Four years ago I planted a large <]! 7 -giye a good soaking of water; and so 
number of pears on their own root, also a ^fV ’ 3 ,?? e j e ’ 
BUDDING AND GRAFTING. large aumber on the quince. The utandard TbtSu^oTL^Vfa totp^J^e 
must have been.a year at least, if not two, older branches, and let them trail along the ground, 
Pudding and grafting have been practiced than the quince, and this year some of the in which case, if cleanliness be cared for, there 
by gardeners from remote antiquity, asa means dwarfs will have from a peck to a half bushel ou g bt to be a covering of marsh hay or straw 
of changing the products of trees and shrubs 0 f fruit, and not one of the standards will pro- p,ac ^. a the surface * Sometimes brush- 
to thase of a kindred eharneter Tn eorAi „ i r n , , , wood is laid flat, and the branches are allowed 
10 inose ui a amurea cnaracier. in eacn duce over a peck, or at most half a bushel.— tn | av „ TO . ;+ i - . 
method the living shoot or bud of the one va- True they have not had as good treatment fruit above the soU, and prevents it from rot- 
riety is inseitea id, and made to become a neither do I believe they would bear as much ting, if the season should happen to be wet; 
part of the other, and there produces the same if (hey had. Col. Jaques, of Worcester, Mass., but there is no other advantage in the method 
fruit it would have done in its original or na- saya that it’s the opinion of some writers that and * 3 inconvenient when gathering. 
tive position, with perhaps, some slight modi- double would be produced by the dwarfs per iT h ® neatest and cleanest plan, and one 
ration. ■ Varieties of the same species, cite aero, and my neighbor H. P. N„»r„x, Es^ ^TsTo^pfi “ .1SCS 
most freely, the species of the sains genus, and had a dwarf tree which bore, we calculated along each row, leaving the top five feet above 
genera of the same natural family, but the the eighth year, one barrel of fruit, and I have the ground, if placed four yards apart, it-will 
greater the affinity between the bad or graft, no doubt I have trees at the same age that be close enough, and fasten wires horizontally 
and the stock, the more successful the opera- will do as well. t0 ^hem, which will form a cheap trellis to 
™" S n am °"« f 7 ‘ ' tre f. the . f PI>,C ' . 7t \ IIe . a V a “ torgest proper- & lt S S e 7 to b SS?wi^rd te ! ; bind 
Crab, Fear, Quince, and Mountain Ash, may turn of varieties are not improved in size or of hedge row is formed with very little labor, 
be worked upon each other ; the Plum, Apri- quality if as good on the quince as on their the fruit is free to the action of air and ]}ght| 
cot, Nectarine and Peach, form another nat- own roots, or bottom with the same pruning and is unquestionably of much better flavor, 
ural division, and may be worked upon each and culture.” Here I think our friend has — Coward's Real Estate Register. 
other. This general rule, however, has excep- made a great mistake. The Beurre Biel, fTflTAT VIFTTi at? prTPFPtfPPPQ 
tions; thus the wild and the cultivated cher- Duchess Be Angoulome, Glout Morceau, East- ‘ “ 11 u t? U UUUMbMib, 
ries do not agree, though of the same species, er Beurre, &c., with many others that can Mr. Daniel Morse, of Lockport, N. Y., 
and the Pear and the Quince, though more be named are improved in size and quality, writes to the Southern Farmer as follows: 
distantly related than the Pear and the Apple, and indeed they are mostly worthless on their For tbe benefit of your readers, I give you 
much better agree with other ; perhaps from own stock. productions of eight hills of cucumbers, 
like firmness and texture of wood, which is Again, he says the advocates of the dwarf 1 ° p 7 garden ! a f t 8p f nrg ‘ rlie “ aa ' 
, , , . ... B uwa,ii ner 0 f planting was taken from one of the 
very important to success m grafting. pear recommend “ that the strongest growing agricultural journals. 
The operation of budding is simple and quinces be used only for budding the pear, Having thoroughly prepared a good garden 
easily performed—much more so than that thus wishing to bring it as near the standard 80p by repeated spadings, I placed barrels at 
of grafting—but each has its advantages, vary- growth as possible.” I can discover no sin a . distance each way of eight feet, and about 
ing with the character of the stock and the in this. If I were going to select a quantity 10 tbe S round - iae barrels were 
object sought to be attained. Thrifty, free of apple or peach trees, I should be very apt previously soaked for twenty-four hours and 
growing stocks alone admit of budding, while to select the strongest and healthiest I could planted around, and about four inches from 
grafting best succeeds on those of slower find. the barrels. After the plants made their ap- 
growth. In the Peach and Nectarine bud- “ They recommend the setting of the tree P ea [ ance > and when there had been no rain 
ding seldom fails, and grafting rarely succeeds, deep, that it may root from the pear.” Here duri ‘!° tbe da ?’ t ^° paPs , of wa,er were . P ut 
„ 7. . P , J . ,1 i jut. on the manure in each barrel every night, 
Budding is performed rapidly, and may be re- is a new theory advanced, but as progress is which found i1a way through ho]eg £ 0T J ^ 
peated the same season if not successful in the the order of the day, in horticulture as well the lower head. About four plants were left 
first instance, and without injury to the stock, as in the sciences, we are led to expect new to each of the eight barrels. The end of each 
But grafting requires less care subsequently ; discoveries—the pear may take root above v ' ne was pinched off just before fruiting.— 
so the nature of the tree and the convenience tbe union, but the idea advanced that it is re- • mitube r ot each picking : 
of the gardener or nurseryman should both be commended to set the tree deep that it might 2 d ^ » ni ^’ ^9 12 th ^bering, 24^ 
consulted. It may be added that in moist take root from the pear stock is new. It is 3 d “ 131 13 th « 254 
climates or seasons, grafting is generally most truly recommended, but only for the purpose 4th “ 160 14th “ 427 
—u.„<• ii__ •_i EtV. “ 1AK ina u 0 = 0 
GREAT YIELD OF CUCUMBERS. 
Mr. Daniel Morse, of Lockport, N. Y., 
growth. In the Peach and Nectarine bud¬ 
ding seldom fails, and grafting rarely succeeds. 
Budding is performed rapidly, and may be re¬ 
peated the same season if not successful in the 
11th gathering, 
12th 
successful. 
L The season for grafting has now passed by; 
of burying the whole of the quince stock be¬ 
neath the surface of the ground, for the quince 
that for budding is soon to commence. We root has the power of emitting roots up to 
propose in a future number to give an illus- the union and also to prevent the attack of 
trated description of the process. the borer. 
i 1 - If the foregoing remarks are well founded 
PEARS QUINCE VS. PEAR STOCKS, would it not be well for those intending to 
, r , r T . , plant the pear to give this matter due consid- 
Mr. Moore : —In the last number of the . 
_, 0 „ eration. Austin Pinney. 
PEARS-QUINCE w. PEAR STOCKS. 
Rural there appeared an article from S. II. 
Ainsworth, the whole drift of which seemed 
to be to discourage the growing of pears on 
the quince stock. 
1st. He says that “ the Pear budded 011 the 
Clarkson, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
--o- — o-o - - MULCHING WTIH SHAVINGS.- 
the quince stock. - To Bottle Fruit — The recipe copied in 
1st. He says that “ the Pear budded on the Various materials are used by the cultiva- your last paper from the Lady's Book, is at 
Quince is very liable to break off at the f° r , 3 °f ,ru it trees for the purpose ol mulching; fault in advising that the bottles be corked 
union.” Now I have planted out hundreds ZJngs. In theye’ar 1352 A setTtabout and WoTG p]acicg tbem iu ™ ter to 
of dwarf pears, yes, I may say thousands, and fifty fiAc young apple trees. On one-half of heat tbem - If followed in this respect, the 
never have I lost but one tree by being bro- these I used the fine shavings from a neighbor- bottles will be broken. Heat them as there 
ken off at the uuion, and perhaps the cause of ing joiner’s shop, and on the remainder, an ar- directed, and then cork and seal them while 
that might have been equally as fatal to a roblse . coarse grass cut in an hot and the fruit will be preserved. I have 
tr« on its own roots. n Jr^r^ldUlrallte cteri,S up thus two years ago, as 
2d. He sajs “the qnince is always subject to abollt tw0 a „ (1 a half b y uste i 3 t0 c , acl[ tree 0 j. fresh as at first, and likely to keep years 
the borer, and unless grafted so low that it is the latter, probably a little more. The trees longer.—E. S. H., Brighton. 
planted beneath the surface, they will, without on which the former was used, took an early --- 
great care, destroy it in two or three years.” an£ l vigorous start, and although the season Macaroni.— Although macaroni is a 11 a- 
I have had hundreds of trees on the quince remarkably dry throughout the months of ^ of the Italians, and made best in 
e May, June, July, and a part of August, there the vicinity ot IN aples, it is nevertheless man- 
wlncb have been exposed for two or three was : ap^rentfailureiS-thesniplfof mS nfactnred both in Prance and Germany,- 
years, and I am happy to state that I have U re ; the development of foliage, and the for- tba t 1 Q France being particularly cele- 
never lost one tree from the attack of the mation of new wood being rapid aud well brated. It seems to require a particular 
borer, and I never knew of an instance where sustained. description of wheat to give it that expansive 
a tree had been destroyed by them. The trees on which the hay was applied, P°^ er i n water which makes the finest quali- 
o 1 tt n , ,, , were less vigorous, and the growth was nearlv Hes, and its manufacture has not heretofore 
3d. He says “the Tear budded on the arrested before midsummer On many of the flourished much in this country, the eonsump- 
quince is much more liable to the fire blight trees, the leaves turned yellow and there was ' t * 0Q bere being supplied chiefly by importa¬ 
tion when budded on its stock.” My expe- an appearance of general debility and want of Hon. Those who are familiar with Italian 
rience is right to the reverse. I have lost v *g° r * n them all. Towards the end of July, Comedy will remember the^ Neapolitan maca- 
five to one on its ow T n roots, where I have one ^ *°. uc ^ it necessary to have recourse to irri- roni-eater who figures so otten, and who is al¬ 
ii • 1 n , . . gation, and by this measure succeeded in nre- wa Y s represented as devouring pieces of im- 
on he quince, and the: general .mpresnon « ^ from the aSSS, Xh mense length, something n s thl Ljurer does 
that on the quince that they are much less free threatened them. The next season, there was a roll of ribbon. It is a very healthful and 
from blight. the same difference iu the appearance of the convenient articles of diet; and if we examine 
4th. He says that “ the life of the pear on t rees —those which had been mulched with tbe process of manufacture, we shall see some 
the quince is less than half of that on the sh^iogs. maintaining their superiority of especial reasoas for patronizing the home pro- 
pear stock ” Here I think he fan a £ rowth and vigor, thoreby proving that the faction. Farina is a sort of granulated wheat 
rt 1 " -n i l I * 1 effects of the shavings were much more favor- the white or brittle part of the grain being 
etit at landom , if lie had stated or as- a fii e> f rom 80me cause or other, than those of separated from the fibrous part, and broken 
sumed that the common age of pear tree on the hay. I 11 every instance since in which I j nto uniform grains like fine sand. Macaroni 
its own root was, say one hundred years, have used shavings on fruit and ornamental 1S made of farina, ground and formed into 
then Tve could have some starting point._ trees > 1 bave experienced precisely similar re- d °ugh by being mixed with distilled water,— 
Col. Wilder says that he has pears on the SultS ‘ J 11 tw0 1 cases> wliere Lalf a dozeu 11 ne Th j S doagh is " ,ade ver - v a,ld tbe mix i p g 
rminee stork-twen+xr n ir u y ouo g horse chestnuts were set on the same and working of it cannot be done without the 
quince stock twenty years old, and for aught dayr and in precisely the same manner, the aid of machinery. 
he can see they are destined to live as loDg as superiority of this species of mulching, was ,, -- 
any that he has upon its own stock, and also clearly shown.— Cor. Germantown Tel .° To Preserve Strawberries Whole.— 
1 - ^ _ _ 1 . . . . V \folrrv +1 L/vi.__*_ - T 
_ y _ __To Preserve Strawberries Whole.— 
--_Make the syrup boiling hot, and having pick- 
1 r>n tit tut 1 TAAfATn ^ d large strawberries tree from hulls, (or, 
AlIULI IHE l OMALO. if pre f err ed, leave them and half an inch of 
n, • . the stem on,) pour it over them; let it remain 
rnrVfhln ' e S® tab {® that requires less until the next day; theu drain it off, and boil 
care than the tomato, where a general crop again; return it hot to the fruit; let them 
only is wanted ; but to have it tresh all the rernaiu for another night; then put them into 
vear round. wWb is nn .UftixMiU n. i-„i •. , & „ f .. 
that he knows ot a tree on the quince which 
is thirty-five years old, hale and strong, and 
we are assured that there are trees in 
France on the quince more than a hundred 
years old. 
5th. He says “ the pear on the quince 
requires more attention and higher culture wm nave l0 oe succession stocks of young cut one in two • if it tbrmxoG 1 
than on its own roots to produce the same plants, and the convenience of a liot-house. them from the ’svrun with a kiS fi 
results.’’ It does require more attention and or glazed pit for winter fruiting. spread them on flat dishes to cool; boll the 
highei culture, and at the same time it does Almost any kind ot soil will answer for the syrup until thick and rich ; then put the fruit 
produce greater results, and has this ad van- ^ oma , ; but Papers best and produces into glass jars ; let the syrmi cool and settle • 
tage, that an acre of ground will contain four ‘.’ll.,.? & w ? Utramed ’ ta ]' then pour it carefully off from the sediment 
or five times as n,a„ y trees, am, the fruit win ^ BocL _ 
not only be larger but handsomer as a gene- to plant out; loosen up the soil well, dig holes Sthawbermes Stewd for Tarts—M ate 
ral ,‘ hln f; r °"‘' opart, six inches deep and as many a syrup of one pound of sugar and a teacup 
6th. He says, “ after the first few years and across; lilt each plant with a ball ot earth, 0 f water ; add a little white of e°-<r S * let it 
often after the first year, that the pear on the 0 n °t keep the roots exposed longer than is boil, and skim it until only a foam rises- 
w 1 TlPPPacoru anil in firm rr tlm ... . J ^ ^ ’ 
quince comes into bearing—the same variety i ot thpm hp nln ^ 1 *okL n ^ an S 7 ^ es> ' 1 , P ut in a n ua rt of berries, free from stems 
on ibo pear sfoch in fhc same circa,ns,anci S am! ^ S' 
will bear as much if not more fruit than the I soil somewhat around the neck, and lift a lit -1 rected fo/tarts, with fine puff paste. 
LIST OF PATENTS 
Issued from the United States Poimt, Office for the week 
ending June 12, 1855. 
Thomas 0. Clarke, Camden, N. J., filter. 
Thomas C. Clarke Camden, N. J., hydrant filter. 
Chas. M. Day, N. Y., feed motion for saw mills etc. 
George L. Dulany, Mount Jackson, Va., improvement 
in mill bushes. 
Elisha FitzgeraL New York, improvement in buoys 
for raising sunkerrVessels. 
Calvin Fletcher, Cincinnati, improvement in supplying 
furnaces with hot air. 
Wm. S. Ford, N. Y., improvement in window sashes 
Wm. D. Greenleaf, Washington, N. EL, improvement 
in fastening scythes to snaths. 
Florian Hesz, Cincinnati, Improvement in bedsteads. 
M. J. Kennedy, Fallston, Pa., machine for jointing 
staves. 
John C. Kline, Pittsburgh, improvement in door locks. 
James J. McComb, New Orleans, improvement in ar¬ 
rangement of bumpers for self-acting bar brakes. 
Fred’k Newbury, Albany, improvement in revolving 
fire arms. 
Isaac M. Newcomb, Eden, Vt., sewing machine. 
Jos. H. Penny and Thomas B. Rogers, New York, im¬ 
provement in propellers. Patented in England June 14 
1853. 6 ’ 
John Plumbe, San Francisco, improvement in cutting 
clay into bricks. 
Edgar A. Robbins, Rochester, method of tuning ac- 
cordeons. 
Geo. H. Swan, Bridgeport, stave machine. 
Orson W. Stow, Plantsville, Ct., improvement in sheet 
metal folding machines. 
Edward A. Sterry, Norwich Town, Ct., faucet. 
Henry W. Smith, Boston, improved coupling for or¬ 
gans and melodeons. 
Christopher Sharps and George E. Adriance, Hector 
tenoning machine. 
Jos. C. Silroy, New Orleans, improvement in door 
locks. 
Hosea D. Searlos, Rockford. Ill , improvement in guard 
rails of railroads, to be used with pronged cow-catchers. 
Samuel Taylor, Petersham, Mass., improvement in 
plank roofs for buildings. 
Wm. R. Thompson, Cleveland, improvement in heating 
wrought iron wheels for forging. 
Nathaniel Waterman, Boston, portable floating filter. 
Sheldon Warner, Enfield, Mass., curvilinear sawing 
machine. 
Wm. D. Beaumont, Mobile, improvement in artificial 
fuel. 
Wm. Gee, New York, improvement in soda water gen¬ 
erators. 
Aug. M. Glover, Waterborough, S. C., improvement in 
the buckets of paddle-wheels. 
Job. Grout, Hocking City, Ohio, improved self-acting 
cotton pres 3 . 
Geo. King, Parmville, Va., improvement in pressing 
tobacco in plugs. 
Jos. Montgomery, Lancaster, Pa., and Jas. Montgom¬ 
ery. Baltimore, improvement in wheat fans. 
Joan Pierre Molliere, Lyons, France, improved ma¬ 
chine for cutting the edges of boot and shoe soles. Pat¬ 
ented in France January 5, 1854. 
T. J. W. Robert:on, New York, improvement in sew¬ 
ing machines. 
Isaac M. Singer, New York, improvement in sewing 
machines. 
Chas. R. Webb, Phila., improvement in wind-mill. 
Charles De Saxe, New York, assignor to Thomas H. 
Bate, same place, improved serpentine spinner to catch 
fish. 
Joel G. Northrop, Syracuse, assignor to James G. Ma¬ 
ther, same place, improvement in printing presses. 
Orson C. Phelps, Boston, assignor to Orson C. Phelps 
and John Holton, same place, improvement in metallic 
medium for filtering. 
Joshua Turner. Jr., Charlestown, Mass., assignor to 
Asa Bennett, Boston, Mass., and Warren Co veil, Ded¬ 
ham, Mass., machine for ruling leather. 
Caleb H. Griffin, Lynn, assignor to Caleb H. Griffin and 
George W. Otis, same place, improvement in machine 
for cutting out boot and shoo soles. 
John M. Whimley, Philadelphia, assignor to J. A. Shaw, 
same place, improvement in attaching gutta percha soles 
to boots and shoes. 
I TAKING IMPRESSIONS OF NATURAL OBJECTS. 
M. Loosey, the Austrian Consul-General, 
recently presented to the New York Farmers’ 
Club a book containing several beautiful and 
striking impressions of plants and flowers, 
which have been taken by a singular process 
discovered in the Imperial printing establish 
ment in Vienna. If the original, of which a 
copy is to be taken, be a plant, flower, insect, 
or any vegetable substance, it is placed be¬ 
tween a copper and lead plate, brought close 
together with screws, when two heavy rollers 
are passed over ihem. The original leaves 
itself impressed on the lead plate with its 
whole surface. 
If the colors are applied to the lead, as in 
printing copper pla’ e, a striking resemblance 
is got in one impression ; but if a great num¬ 
ber of copies be required, the lead plate will 
not give it, on account of its softness. If the 
impressions are to be printed on a typograph¬ 
ical press, it is stereotyped from the lead plate, 
and as many copies produced as may be re¬ 
quired. If it is to be multiplied by copper¬ 
plate printing, the galvanizing process is had 
recourse to. The originals are covered by 
dissolved gutta percha, which, when removed, 
is covered with a solution of silver—thus ren¬ 
dering it fit for a matrix for galvanic multi¬ 
plication.— Scientific Am. 
The Minot Ledge Light House. —This 
Light House, situated on the coast of Massa¬ 
chusetts, outside of Boston Harbor, and which 
was destroyed in a storm on the night of the 
10th of April, 1851, and several lives lost, is 
now about to be rebuilt. Capt. Alexander 
of the Engineer Corps, is to superintend the 
work. It will probably be commenced this 
summer and will be the most substantial 
structure of the kind on the coast. The de¬ 
sign is for a tower of granite; the plan a cir¬ 
cle, thirty feet in diameter at the base on the 
rock, seventeen feet six inches in diameter at 
the top, and will be eighty feet high, forty feet 
of which shall be a solid mass of granite ma¬ 
sonry from the base, then hollow to the top, 
divided into four stories with an iron lantern 
above the stone work. The estimated cost is 
about three hundred thousand dollars. 
Wooden Railroad Car Wheels —On the 
Camden and Amboy road many of the wheels 
of the passenger cars are of wood. The wood 
used is red cedar, carefully kiln-dried, some of 
it having been in the oven for three months. 
This wood is got out in segments or V shaped 
pieces, so as when put together to make a 
solid wheel of about six inches thickness._ 
The hub used is of cast iron, about eight 
inches long, and with a wide circular flange or 
collar at each end. through which the wood is 
bolted. In the hub are sockets for the heads 
of radial bolts, these being made to pass 
through each alternate segment from the hub 
to the outer circumference. A thin rim of 
hoop-iron is placed around the wheel, and the 
tire then shrunk on. Some of these wheels 
have been in use six years.— Colburn's Rail¬ 
road Advocate. 
WONDEKFUL DISCOVERY. 
Last evening we witnessed the result of a 
series of experiments made by Dr. Taylor, the 
celebrated Clairvoyant Physician of this city 
—the actual production of a brilliant light, 
and of course an intense heat, by the decom¬ 
position of Water. The apparatus for pro¬ 
ducing this astonishing effect is very simple, 
and has, as he alleges, been constructed entirely 
under the spiritual direction. It is imperfect¬ 
ly made, and yet serves to demonstrate the 
fact, and the principal involved in the pro-' 
cess. The light is exceedingly brilliant, equal 
to the best quality of gas, and superior in 
color, it befog slightly of an orange tint, and 
producing not the least smoke. A Caveat 
for the discovery has been filed in the Patent 
Office in Washington by a gentleman of this 
city, who compared the apparatus with that 
of Paine, and the two are entirely unlike.— 
Distinguished chemists who have examined 
this invention pronounce it a triumph. We 
do not feel competent to decide any questions 
that may happen to arise among scientific 
men, but the result we have actually seen, and 
very believe that no deception has been re¬ 
sorted to in producing it.— Cl eve. Plain Beal. 
The screw steam frigate Niagara, building 
at Brooklyn Navy Yard, is to be the largest 
ship in the world. Her tonnage will be 5,200; 
extreme length 345 feet; breadth 55 ; load 
line 323; depth of hold 31. There are three 
decks besides the orlop. The armament will 
consist of 12 eleven inch pivot guns to carry 
170 lb. shot and a charge of 15 lbs. of pow¬ 
der. She is to be full ship-rigged, her main¬ 
mast being 111 feet long and 3 feet 4 inches 
in diameter ; the main yard 55 feet, and the 
mizzen spanker boom 67 feet. The Niagara 
is constructed wholly of live oak. Congress 
appropriated one million of dollars for her 
construction, but her cost it is thought will 
not be over .$900,000. 
A Button House. —In an article from the 
Boston Post on arts and sciences at home and 
abroad, is noticed a chateau, in progress of 
erection, by Mr. Olapison, of Paris, composed 
entirely of buttons. The walls, the ceiling, 
the doors, the exterior and the interior, are all 
ornamented with this novel element of archi¬ 
tecture. Buttons of every description, from 
the very origin of their invention up to those 
of the present day, have been employed in the 
arabesques and ornamentation of the walls — 
Every country has been ransacked, aDd some 
most curious specimens brought to light.— 
Those dating from the lower Greek empire are 
of most curious manufacture and wonderful in¬ 
genuity. 
The Steel Plow. —One of the greatest im¬ 
provements ever made in agricultural imple¬ 
ments, especially for the Western States, was 
the adoption of the polished steel mold board 
for the plow, instead of the old cast and 
wrought-iron mold boards. The plowing of 
rich loam lands used to be a sad trial to the 
patience of the farmers of Illinois and Indiana, 
owing to the soil clogging in the mold boards 
of their plows. But plowing the rich prairie 
lands with the steel mold board plow, instead 
of befog one of the most trying and trouble¬ 
some operations for the farmer, is one of the 
easiest and most pleasant. Such plows turn 
over the soil smoothly and freely, and with 
an ease to the cattle of about fifty per cent. 
A Large Knitting Factory. —The village 
of Cohoes, on the lower falls of the Mohawk, 
N. Y., is one of the best for manufactnring 
purposes in our country, and has progressed 
rapidly within the past ten jears. A new 
factory for the manufacture of knit-fabrics, 
such or drawers, Arc., has recently been set in 
operation there, which is said to be the largest 
one of the kind in the world ; it is 395 feet 
loDg, 75 wide, and 6 stories high. It is de¬ 
signed to give employment to 600 operatives; 
the rooms are stated to be well ventilated, 
commodious, and cheerful. The name of the 
new factory is “ The Mohawk River Mill.”_ 
The machinery used embraces all of the most 
recent improvements.— Scientific Am. 
Amount of Gold consumed for Manufac¬ 
turing Purposes.— It is computed that the 
amount of the precious metals consumed in 
various ways is from forty to fifty millions of 
dollars value per annum. It is* stated, that 
for gilding metals by the efoctrotype and the 
water-gildfog process, and in the Staffordshire 
patterns, no less than 18 000 to 20,000 ounces 
are annually required. In Paris, 18,000,000 
francs are used for manufacturing purposes 
yearly; and in the United States. $10,000,- 
000 is the estimated amount converted into or¬ 
namental jewelry. 
Gumming Saws — A. G. Drake, of Sturgis, 
Mich., informs us that a piece of sheet iron, 
No. 16 in size, and made into a circular plate 
16 inches in diameter, and placed in a wooden 
collar, which comes within two and a half 
inches of its edge, to support it, and then 
made to receive a high velocity, will cut the 
teeth of a buzz saw in a superior manner, and 
in one-half the time required by common 
glimmers. The edge of the sheet* iron disk 
must be smooth, and the saw must be moved 
cautiously and steadily towards it.— Sci. Am. 
A. New War Rocket. —The New York 
Mirror says that a New Jersey pyrotechnist 
has invented a new variety of rocket, which 
dispenses with the balance pole or stick that, is 
attache! to the corgreve, and is propelled by 
fire issuing at angles of forty degrees, from 
two mouths, one at each end of the cylinder. 
In the centre is fastened a destructive bomb ; 
aud the Mirror states that the rocket can be 
thrown to a distance of two miles, with the 
greatest accuracy of aim. 
The Albany Atlas says that a mechanic is 
manuracturirg furnaces for heating dwelling 
houses, gas being used as a fuel. A room 15 
feet, square can he heated it, is said at a ccst 
of about one cent and a half an hour. 
