MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW - YORKER, 1 Crimes and Casualties on the Fourth. 
IS PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, 
BY D. D. T. MO ORE, R OCHESTER N. Y. 
Office in Bums’ Block, cor. Buffalo and State Sts- 
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HOT All communications, and business letters, should 
he addressed to D. D. T. Moore, Rochester, N. Y. 
ROCHESTER, JULY 14, 1855. 
The Foreign News. 
The late disastrous intelligence from the 
Crimea must have come upon the English and 
French nations like a clap of thunder ; for 
both the press and the people have of late 
looked forward with sanguine expectations of 
some particularly brilliant triumph. The Lon¬ 
don Times, which previously had spoken se¬ 
verely against the management of the war, 
and declared success under such an adminis¬ 
tration as had held the destiny of the army in 
its hands, to be impossible, has of late taken 
a more cheerful view of things and held out 
the hope that Sebastopol must fall. 
The capture of the Mamelon, and the suc¬ 
cess of the expedition into the sea of Azoff, 
seemed to point to such a result ; but, as will 
be seen from the advices of the America, the 
tide of success has turned in the opposite di¬ 
rection, and the Russians have gained a tri¬ 
umph. On the 18th of June a furious assault 
was made against two of the towers upon 
which for a long time a cannonade has been 
kept up by the besiegers, but after a most des¬ 
perate engagement in which it is said the 
English alone lost seventy distinguished offi¬ 
cers and four thousand men, they were re¬ 
pulsed. The greatest loss seems to have fallen 
upon the English, who suffered immensely 
from the fire of a masked battery that opened 
jfc unexpectedly upon tbeir ranks and from the 
[ springing of a mine by the Russians. 
It has been rumored heretofore that the be¬ 
sieged bad been busy daring the interval since 
|j the first investment of the place, in mining 
I under and about the fortifications, so that a 
^hostile foot might as well tread over the slum- 
Hfrering fires of a volcano, and that the moment 
Rhe place should fall into the hands of the en- 
Femy would he the signal for its demolition. 
[ The results in connection with the attempt 
| upon the Redan verifies the rumor. 
The details of the conflict are very meagre, 
, and we must await the arrival of the mails for 
full particulars. The telegraph is in the hands 
of the government, and they permit so much 
to be known as suits their own purposes ; but 
enough has been learned to indicate that 
so far from Sebastopol falling into their hands, 
the assailants have not only been repulsed, 
but the Russians have recaptured the Mamelon 
tower, the fall of which into the hands of the 
French was regarded as a precursor of the cap¬ 
ture of the stronghold of Russia in the Black 
Sea. 
A report reached us also that Anapa has 
fallen again into the hands of the Russians.— 
We shall await the arrival of the next steamer 
with new interest as regards the war. 
The usual number of accidents and crimes 
attended the celebration of our National An¬ 
niversary. Some of these have come to hand, 
and many others will undoubtedly be heard 
of hereafter. Among the severest may be 
mentioned the following : 
At Goodrich’s tavern in Clarkson, Mr. 
Merrill was killed by the bursting of a small 
cannon. Three children were killed in New 
York, two of them by falls, and the third by 
being run over, and about twenty persons 
were more or less injured in various ways, 
particularly by a careless use of powder a nd 
fire-arms. Four young men were drowned 
opposite Hartford, in the Connecticut river. 
Two young men at Saratoga each lost a hand 
while firing a salute. A staging fell at Taun¬ 
ton, Mass., injuring many persons. In Buffalo 
one man was killed in a fight, and another at 
Cleveland. A man at Ashland, Greene Co., 
by the premature discharge of a cannon, was 
maimed for life. At Columbus, Ohio, the 
Turners got into a riot with other citizens, 
and one person was shot. Public opinion is 
decidedly against the Turners, as there was 
no excuse for their conduct. Twenty-four 
arrests have been made. 
Steamboat Casualties.— The steamer Lex¬ 
ington, bound from St. Louis to Louisville, 
exploded her boilers on the 30th ult. The 
wreck binned with great rapidity to the wa¬ 
ter’s edge. As many as 25 lives were lost, 
and 25 or 30 persons injured. The boat was an 
old one, and her cargo consisted of 250 bales 
of hemp. At Rock Island, on Sunday last, 
two steamers, the Prairie State and the Ken¬ 
tucky, were consumed by fire. The propeller 
S. W. Brooks, on a down trip from Cleveland 
to Ogdensburg, blew up near Ashtabula, July 
6th. Two deek hands jumped overboard and 
were drowned. No passengers were injured. 
Reprehensible if Tbue.— A letter from On¬ 
tonagon to the Cleveland Express, charges the 
President, his Secretary, one member of the 
Cabinet, one editor of the Washington Union, 
thirteen members of Congress, a banker and 
sundry other official persons, with specula¬ 
tions in Lake Superior lands ; that the) r have 
| formed a company, laid out a city at or near 
Fon-du-Lac, and used their influence in secur¬ 
ing favorable legislation as to railroad and 
other government improvements. If these 
charges be true, the threat of removal held out 
over the officers of Kansas for speculating in 
the half breed reserves, is something after the 
fashion of Satan reproving sin. 
A Governor Assaulted.— A correspondent 
of the St. Louis Republican furnishes that pa¬ 
per with an account of a late assault upon 
Governor Reeder, of Kansas territory, by the 
notorious B. F. Stringfellow. The latter 
proceeded to the residence of the Governor 
near Shawnee Mission, on the 27th ult., and 
after questioning him as to certain statements 
made in public and private during the Gover¬ 
nor’s late trip to Pennsylvania and Washing¬ 
ton, challenged him to a duel. The Gover¬ 
nor declined the challenge, whereupon String- 
fellow assaulted and knocked him down. 
An Ignoramus. —A writer in the Bienville 
(Lou.) Times discussing the Missouri Compro¬ 
mise says : “ Your readers are no doubt aware 
that the Compromise line was the northern 
boundary of Missouri, say 36 deg. 30 min. 
north latitude, &c.” 
Missouri contains over one hundred counties 
and only two of them and a fraction of a 
third lie south of the Compromise line.— 
Nearly the entire State of Missouri was taken 
out of territory north of 36° 30' and admitted 
as a slave State, such admission being one of 
the conditions of the Compromise. 
A Novel Race.—A new kind of a race was 
announced to come off on the Fourth at Gales¬ 
burg, Ill., being no less than a mile heat be¬ 
tween a horse and a locomotive with a tender 
and two passenger cars attached. Both were 
to start at the tap of a drum and run a mile 
on a wager of $500 a side. The result has not 
been learned. Of course, a locomotive, under 
full speed, would outstrip the fleetest horse ; 
but it is questionable whether, starting from a 
dead rest with a train, it could gain sufficient 
motion to overtake a fleet animal within the 
first mile. 
Arrest of a Mail Robber.—Theodore F. 
Denniston, a nephew of the Chicago Post Mas¬ 
ter, and employed in that office, has been de¬ 
tected robbing the mails. Four thousand 
dollars of stolen funds have been recovered, 
and it is probable his depredations have 
amounted to $15,000 or $20,000. A brother 
of this same robber is under bonds of $2,500 
for a similar offence previously discovered.— 
The Post Master must have strong family 
affections to foist such a nest of serpents into 
the public service. 
Spontaneous Combustion. — The Sandusky 
(0.) Register, of the 10th ult., states that the 
new Presbyterian church in that place came 
near being burned by spontaneous combustion 
which occurred as follows. Painters had boen 
rubbing the caps of the pews with cotton rags 
saturated with oil, and then on the seats at 
night. On opening the church in the morn¬ 
ing one of them had taken fire and been con¬ 
sumed, and a large hole was burning in the 
seats. The fire was speedily subdued. 
Rambles and Records Westward—No. 4. 
[Concluded from last weok.) 
(From Our Own Correspondent.) 
At nine o’clock in the morning I was 320 
miles south of La Salle—my starting point the 
previous afternoon—more than 400 miles from 
Chicago, 460 miles from Galena. A steam¬ 
boat could start from that levee and reach 
twelve thousand miles of navigable water, from the 
Falls of St. Anthony to New Orleans, from 
far toward the Rocky Mountains to the streams 
flowing by the spurs of the Alleghanies. The 
iron track of the road I had just left joined 
others going to scores of cities, and hundreds 
of towns, reaching east to the seaboard fifteen 
hundred miles away. Another levee ran 
along parallel to the Mississippi, and, in the 
triangle between the two—protected from 
floods by them—was Cairo, a city of magnifi¬ 
cent hopes, which twenty years have failed to 
realize or dim, and which are now greater 
than ever. Its location, at the meeting of the 
two rivers, has made it a great city, in pros¬ 
pect, for a long time, but it has grown little— 
the country back is low and inundated at 
times. Since the railroad is finished, it has 
new hopes which may be realized. From the 
opposite bank of the Ohio, is to start the rail¬ 
road to Mobile, which is commenced but goes 
on slowly. Lands are granted to build it, as 
they were for the Illinois road, but in slave 
States lands are of slow sale. 
A large hotel, a few large stores and ware¬ 
houses, a score of saloons, (alias, groggeries,) 
and dwellings of varied and miscellaneous 
styles, scattered here and there, with the va¬ 
cancies between grown over with great rank 
weeds among which hogs revel in aristocratic 
ease—such is Cairo, with its thousand inhab¬ 
itants. Several wharf boats lie along the river 
bank, some inhabited by families, others used 
for storing goods. 
After dinner I walked to the Mississippi, 
watched the strong sweeping flow of its deep 
waters, and looked down the stream to see the 
united rivers flowing toward the distant Mexi¬ 
can Gulf between wooded banks a mile and a 
half apart. Coal is abundant in the vicinity 
—of the bituminous kind.— and is brought 
there by boat and railroad. Steamers stop for 
it often, and while I was there a half dozen 
landed, taking coal, and all taking or leaving 
freight or passengers. They were from differ¬ 
ent places a thousand miles apart. One great 
boat rounded to and swept grandly up to the 
coal-boats, the lower deck crowded with bales 
and sacks, a group of negros forward, patient¬ 
ly waiting the word to make fast, crowds of 
passengers in sight, ladies sitting at ease at 
the doors of their state-rooms, three stories 
above the water, the pilot in his glass house 
with green blind, still above, and the tall 
smoke pipes rising high over all. It was from 
Louisville for New Orleans, and bore the name 
of R. J. Ward —one of that family a member 
of which a year since shot a school teacher in 
presence of his pupils, and was acquitted ! 
Just before sunset I left Cairo, and was soon 
amidst darkness in the forest. Day dawned 
just as we reached Vandalia, the old capital 
of the State. It seems waking from a long 
slumber — new houses going up amidst old 
ruined tenements, and animation taking the 
place of inertia. Its population is about 1,500. 
The old State House could be seen in the dis¬ 
tance, much the size and style of a square, an¬ 
cient Court House. 
This part of Illinois is settled principally by 
Southern emigrants—a class with little energy 
or intelligence, poor farmers, common livers, 
and ambitious of nothing better; hospitable 
and friendly, but full of the prejudices of ig¬ 
norance. Scratching the earth with old plows, 
digging holes in the clay and drinking poor 
water when by going through to the sand they 
could find better. The railroad is waking 
them up ; some go away where they can’t 
hear the ugly locomotive, others stay and im¬ 
prove. Egypt is the descriptive name for this 
region. The land is not equal to. that farther 
north, perhaps, hut still rich, excellent for 
com especially, and good for other grains.— 
We passed by a coal pit close by the road from 
which large quantities are taken. Timber is 
much more plenty than I supposed, and will 
be wanted for the prairies. We passed by De¬ 
catur again and stopped to breakfast at a large 
depot that towered up like a mountain across 
the prairie. 
Reaching Bloomington I stopped for a few 
days’ rest. It is a fine town of 3,000 people, 
rapidly growing, with rich prairies around.— 
I rode in the afternoon to Le Roy, a village 
seventeen miles east, across the prairie. The 
land is mostly fenced along the road, and 
broad fields of wheat looked rich, corn healthy 
hut backward. Orchards and groves of locust 
are growing. Le Roy is on one of the great 
routes of emigration by wagons. 
Through Indianapolis, Urbania, Le Roy and 
Bloomington to Peoria, and thence to Rock 
Island, Burlington, &c. Wagons wi li white 
canvass tops, each with a family aboard, stout 
horses or oxen for draught, droves of stock of¬ 
ten with them, and men with long whips or ri¬ 
fles on their shoulders. They campoutatuight, 
and by day drag slowly over the wide plains. 
In the spring over fifty wagons a day passed 
Le Roy for several weeks, and they still go, 
but in smaller numbers. In the fall they will 
he on again. 
Sheep are growing numerous and do well on 
the prairies. Three farmers near Le Roy have 
4,000 between them. Near Bloomington are 
two brothers named Frink. One began poor, 
split rails until he had $1,400, and began to 
buy land and keep stock twenty-five years ago. 
He now has 7,000 acres, of which 2,500 arc 
cultivated, and sold in Chicago last year cattle 
andhogs for $44,000. The other brother’s sales 
reached $65,000. 
Returning to Bloomington, I w'.aited a day 
before leaving. I saw in the afternoon an 
enormous wagon drawn by six mules, “ geared 
up” loose so as to travel far apart as though 
kindly neighbors, and driven by voice and 
whip, aided only by one liue attached to the 
leaders’ head. At nine o’clock in the morn¬ 
ing, I took cars and was soon again on that 
wide prairie. For miles I saw Osage orange 
plants, young and thrifty, set out for hedges 
along the road sides. Reaching La Salle, I 
took cars west fifteen miles, passing by Peru, 
of w hich we saw only a mingled mass of houses, 
stores, foundries and warehouses, on the river 
hank beneath the bluff, and a few dwellings 
on its summit with the roofs of more behind, 
and long flights of steps leading up to them. 
At Bureau, turned South towards Peoria, and 
soon was on the prairies on the west bank of 
the Illinois—stopping at Henry, a town of 
some 2,600 people, which has sprung up most¬ 
ly in the last five years, and is now reaching 
ambitiously back from the river towards the 
prairie which it bids fair to reach. But I must 
stop, as your columns and readers both will 
groan at my lengthy inflictions. g. b. s. 
Letter from Saratoga Spa. 
Saratoga Springs, July 9,1355. 
Eds. Rubal The Anniversary of our Na¬ 
tional Independence was celebrated here by 
the firing of cannon, marching of military 
and fire companies, bombastical orations, fire 
works, &c., altogether making out a very 
elegant farce. * * Young America’ ’ was partic¬ 
ularly active, beginning several days in ad¬ 
vance, and tapering off gradually. A couple 
of men lost each a hand, and two children 
were run over and somewhat bruised and bro¬ 
ken ; but what of such accidents in the dis¬ 
charge of the duty of celebrating each recur¬ 
ring day with ‘‘bonfires, illuminations, and 
other demonstrations of joy?” 
The monotony of the place has since had 
only partial relief in the prosecution of cer¬ 
tain violators of the Prohibitory Law—with 
what success I have not learned, as the Jus¬ 
tice saw fit to hold his Court in a little seven 
by nine room, where there was no chance for 
spectators to hear the arguments and points 
of the distinguished counsel, N. Hill, Jr., 
for the defence, and Joshua A. Spencer for the 
people. 
It was my privilege yesterday to hear Rev. 
Mr. Milburn, Chaplain of the House of Rep¬ 
resentatives. Nearly if not totally blind, he 
would read hymns and chapters as correctly as 
clergymen with eyes. He is a man of power, 
his oratory resembling, it is said, that of Dr. 
Nott in his prime. Taking for his text, “I 
am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ,” 
&c., he proceeded to the philosophies of Epi¬ 
curus and Zeno as distinguished from the sys¬ 
tem of Christianity, showed up the character 
of the Roman people to whom the language 
of the Apostle was addressed, which, by the 
way, was just like that of the American peo¬ 
ple how, proud and boastful of their triumphs 
over the material forces of Nature, and traced 
Judaism from its origin down to the Apostles’ 
time when the arrogant Romans had Abraham 
for their Father, and would not brook the 
claims of the despised Nazarene. After ser¬ 
vices, arm in arm with Ex-Chancellor Wal¬ 
worth, the blind preacher repaired to Con¬ 
gress Spring, whither he frequently bends his 
steps to recruit an evidently weakened frame. 
A Saratoga audience is now somewhat fash¬ 
ionable, being made up in part of those who 
carry their flounces when they walk, and hold 
up their sleeves when they eat, and fan their 
dear faces when they sit—thus keeping them¬ 
selves advantageously employed. Occasion¬ 
ally one faints when the air gets a little close, 
which I suppose is the most exquisite attain¬ 
able point. “ Jt takes all sorts to make a 
world.” 
If any of your readers should visit Sarato¬ 
ga the present season, and desire a quiet, com¬ 
fortable home, with moderate charges, I 
would recommend the Broadway House, by 
W. A. Robinson, whose experience as proprie¬ 
tor of the Onondaga Temperance House, ena¬ 
bles him to cater well for the physical neces¬ 
sities of his guests. p. 
Bounty-Land Warrants.— We have seen the 
eighty-acre bounty-land warrant engraved by 
Messrs. Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson, 
bank-note engravers, of New York, who also 
engraved the 160-acre plate. 
The designs are exceedingly appropriate, 
and are executed in a style of artistic excel¬ 
lence which fully sustains the distinguished 
reputation of the engravers. It is embellish¬ 
ed in the centre with an original design, rep¬ 
resenting the battle of Lundy’s Lane, and on 
the left, another representing a frontier settler 
struggling with an Indian for the rescue of 
his wife and child from the uplifted toma¬ 
hawk. Above this is a finely-executed por¬ 
trait of the Secretary of War, while on the 
right margin is an admirable portrait of Lieut. 
General Scott. 
The other portions of the certificate are 
adorned with national emblems and agricul¬ 
tural scenes, indicating the peaceful enjoy¬ 
ment of the reward of the patriotism and 
valor of the soldier. 
The whole is creditable to the liberality of 
the government, and to the good taste of 
those who had the direction of it. 
A Fearful Ride.— We learn from the Mad¬ 
ison (Ind.) Banner, that a locomotive coming 
down the inclined plane on the Madison and 
Indianapolis railroad, into that city, on the 
25th ult., became ungovernable, and coming 
in collision with a freight train, shivered both 
cars and engine into fragments. The engi¬ 
neer and fireman jumped from the engine and 
were killed. One person clung to it, and 
was horribly mangled. This accident is said 
to have been the result of sheer carelessness. 
We think this must have been the case, as 
the engine must have had a cog wheel to cor¬ 
respond with the track between the rails, by 
which trains are drawn up. The descending 
locomotive must have acquired a frightful 
velocity, for the grade is some 330 feet to the 
mile. When cars descend, they go singly, 
and depend alone upon the brakes. It is al¬ 
ways a grand, almost fearful ride. 
Accidents are not common, we believe, upon 
the road, though it is under very poor man¬ 
agement. 
Seven Murderers Sentenced at one time.-— 
In the First District Court at New Orleans on 
the 16th inst., seven persons were sentenced 
for murder at the morniug sitting of Court— 
four of them, named Callaghan, Shields, Ken¬ 
nedy and Costello, to death ; two, Haggerty 
and Scott, to imprisonment for life ; and one, 
Johnson, to imprisonment for eighteen years. 
•jletos 
The Census of Saratoga Springs is 5,108. 
Judge Mason, Commissioner of Patents, has 
resigned. 
Ex-Gov. Eaton, of Vt., died at Middlebury 
on the 4th. 
Tue wheat harvest in Georgia is over, and 
the yield is said to be abundant. 
Less tobacco is exported from the United 
States to England now than in 1790. 
A progress of about eight feet every day is 
made at each end of the Hoosic tunnel. 
The Mackerel fisheries this season, it is 
said, have been singularly unsuccessful. 
The influx of German immigrants into Texas 
has been unusually large the past season. 
The Western House of Refuge in this city 
now contains 280 boys confined in its walls. 
A recent arrival from the Plains, contra¬ 
dicts the current rumors of Indian massacres. 
President Pierce was at Cape May on the 
Fourth, and paiticipated in the festivities of 
the day. 
The Say brook Mirror says that the shad¬ 
fishing in Connecticut River is over for this 
season. 
Punch says the Four Points, as now finally 
adjusted by the Allies, are “kill, sink, burn 
and destroy.” 
The University of New York have conferred 
upon Lowell Mason, Esq., the degree of Doc¬ 
tor of Music. 
In London nineteen-twentieths of the cigars 
offered for sale are either adulterated or 
wholly fictitious. 
All of the corporation”agents in Manches¬ 
ter, N. H., were once operatives, and all mar¬ 
ried factory ciris. 
Edwin Forrest has bought a house in Phil¬ 
adelphia for $33,000, and intends removing 
into it immediately. 
Donald G. Mitchell (Ik Marvel) has pur¬ 
chased a residence near Westville, two miles 
from New Haven, Conn. 
A snapping turtle was recently captured in 
Sanborton, N. II , upon whose back were the 
dates of 1810 and 1833. 
It appears from the official vote of the State 
of Illinois, that the total majority aaainst the 
Liquor Law is 14,432. 
The citizens of Yorktown, Va., have refused 
to let three Northern young men erect a steam 
brick factory in their town. 
The Grand Trunk Telegraph Line in Canada 
was put iip at auction at Toronto on the 6th, 
and bid in by the Trustees. 
An iron railroad car, constructed on a new 
plan, is to run cn the Sixth Avenue road, 
New York, for exhibition and trial. 
Henry Ward Beecher is to deliver the Ora¬ 
tion before the Phi Beta Kappa Society, of 
Harvard College, next Commencement. 
According to the Census Marshal, the popu¬ 
lation of Syracuse is 27,000, being an increase 
of 1,000 a year since the census of 1850. 
The Chinese in California have been exten 
sively engaged in shipping Colt’s revolvers 
and other munitions of war to the rebels in 
China. 
One hundred and fifty-two persons have 
been murdered in California, and fourteen 
have been lynched in the first four months of 
this year. 
Tiie widow of Do Witt Clinton died at the 
residence of her daughter, in Poughkeepsie, 
on Monday week. She was in the 73d year 
of her age. 
On the last trip of the Atlantic, Capt. West, 
who is not fifty-five years of age, completed 
his 236th voyage, about equal to 708,000 miles 
of ocean travel. 
The La Crosse (Wisconsin) Democrat, June 
22d, says that eighty millions of logs were put 
into the Black River and tributaries, during 
the past winter. 
Tiie Philadelphia Ledger says that flour is 
falling slowly, but surely. Flour which a 
month ago, at that place, brought $10,50, 
now sells for $8,50. 
The Grand Jury in Washington is said to 
have found five hills of indictment against the 
destroyers of the block of marble sent by the 
Pope for the monument. 
Viscount D’Nugent, of France, has been 
sentenced to two years’ imprisonment, and a 
fine of 5,000f. for speaking disrespectfully of 
the Emperor and Empress. 
Mr. McFarland, who has just been elected 
judge in the fifth judicial district of Iowa, has 
a beard eighteen inches long. He is known 
as the “hairy judge.” 
It is stated that the Queen of England is 
now the temporal monarch of more Roman 
Catholics than the Pope, and more Musselmen 
than the Sublime Porte. 
According to the statistics gathered so far, 
the city of New York has increased nearly 
200,000 during the past five years ; its popu¬ 
lation will aggregate 750,000. 
Notices have been given in the British 
Parliament of a motion for decimal coinage, 
and to unite in a Congress to establish a uni¬ 
form system throughout the world. 
The Texas papers say that hosts of grass¬ 
hoppers are sweeping over the fields in the 
Guudaloupe and San Antonio valleys, but they 
are followed and destroyed by birds. 
According to a recent report of Sir William 
Clay, more churches have been erected in 
England during the last fifty years than had 
previously been built for five centuries. 
Tiie Washington (Ark.) Telegraph announ¬ 
ces that Col. Fuller, with a number of hands, 
has commenced the work of opening a navi¬ 
gable channel around the Red River raft. 
The number of pine-apples in the New York 
market now was never before equalled. The 
Journal of Commerce says there were 100,000 
dozen brought into that port on Saturday. 
About a hogshead of acorns of the cork tree 
was ordered from the south of Europe for dis¬ 
tribution in the middle and southern States, 
to test their adaptation to soil and climate. 
The oldest bank in the city of London, 
known originally under the name of Snow, 
but now as Paul, Bates & Co., has failed. Its 
liabilities are expected to be nearly $3,000,000. 
