VOLUME VI. NO. 33.} 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-SATURDAY, AUGUST 18, 1855. 
{WHOLE NO. 293. 
cmvy . * (J) J Iftfirl'or of its expanding principle, falls into a heavy, thing we desire sgain, as in the previous arti- 
S. (SlUXitl (JfjVttU - J/. UX iitX ♦ inelastic lump, and when baked presents the cle, to impress upon all, and that is, there is 
a quarto weekly objectionable features of clamminess, so pecu- no ingredient positively injurious in this kind 
AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY, & FAMILY JOURNAL, ^rly a characteristic of sprouted grain. of flour ; it is, on the other hand, not only 
_ Various recipes and modes are recommend- highly nutritious and palatable, but it is e, en 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOOEE. ed to overcome these defects, many of them medicinal. The resultants of incipient ger- 
.associate editors • founded upon false data, and of course value- mination are as absolutely necessary to the 
j. H. BIXBY, t. c. PETERS, edward Webster. j esg> Q ne theory, and that an unfonnded one, life and growth of the young plant, as the 
Special Contributors : j g that sprouted grain is deficient in the alco- milk of the dam is to that of the young ani- 
t. E. WvmoRH, H. c. Warm, H. T. Brooks, l. Wethkrell. holic pr i nc ipi e , and therefore, by the addition mal. The starch and gluten of the grain be¬ 
llies’ Port-Folio by Able. of a certain quantity of spirits to the dough, ing converted into grape sugar, is dissolved 
TH* Rural Nkw-Yorkbr is designed to be unique and all defects will be cured. This is certainly a by the juices and absorbed, and on this the 
beautiful in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purity false theory, for sprouted grain contains as young plant lives until its roots gam strength 
and Variety of Contents, its conductors earnestly labor f u j] y ^he elements of alcohol as grain in its sufficient to elaborate its food directly from 
to make it a Reliable Guide on the important Practical , , . j ndeed the former has ap- the soil. The only injurious property in the 
Subjects connected with the business of those whose periect State, tnueeu, me luimci J Y. • i 
interests it advocates, it embraces more Agricultural, proached much nearer alcohol in its nature bread there,ore being a mere mechanical one, 
Horticultural, Scientific, Mechanical, Literary and News ^ ban tbe j a tter, having by germination par- viz., its clamminess, if the skill of the house- 
Matter, interspersed with many appropriate and beautiful ’ fermentation, viz., the wife fails to overcome it, we must eat a coarser 
Engravings, than any other paper published in this uaLmuu o 7 7 , . n 
Country,—rendering it a complete Agricultural, Lite- saccharine, which all the glutinous and starchy article, easily obtained by directing the miller 
RARvand Family Newspaper. matter in the grain must pass before it reach- to turn the middlings and the bran spouts into 
thing we desire 8gain,as in the previous arti¬ 
cle, to impress upon all, and that is, there is 
no ingredient positively injurious in this kind 
of flour ; it is, on the other hand, not only 
highly nutritious and palatable, but it is even 
For Terms, and other particulars, see News page. 
above, it is this vinous fermentation which t txin wptt ttt t FTi The- above named self acting gate, invented the catch fastening upon the side post. The 
(Ji). f OtfY L Jitftrhov scts the carbonic acid free ’ and causes the A UlALb llLLLif. by Mr c _ NV ineqar, of Union Springs, Cay- vehicle passes through, and the driver touch- 
iJtViU al J l t lD ~ TJ U l n il ♦ sponge to rise, the added alcohol, therefore, ^ ^ often ^ afflerted that the produc _ U ga Co., N. Y., obviates the necessity of dis- ing the second lever, another half revolution of 
__ ^ _ having already been through this process, can capac ; ty 0 f an acre 0 f ] and bas not yet mounting for the purpose of opening and shut- the crank returns the gate to its original posi- 
FROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT. 06 01 130 avad ‘ ^ it ferments at all, it is b&en reac ] ae d ; and that in the general practice Xing. Its operation is easily comprehended, tion. 
that dlsastrous fermentation so ruinous to Qf farmers ^ ]and does Dot produce one-half On the side of the large post, as seen in the The weight is wound up like a clock, and 
TOOT! PROM FT OCR OF SPROTTTFT) WHEAT S °° d bread ’ aSC f iC ° r Vin !fl f T as much as it could be made to bear, we have cut, is a shaft and crank, the latter connected each winding answers for about fifty openings 
FUUH MUM jLUU .it UJ VtUZA ). mentatl0n , which brings down upon theheads abundant evidence . But it has not yet been by a rod to the gate so that a half revolution and shuttings. An arrangement by which 
In last week’s Rural we stated some facts of unskillful cooks such a univei ' sal execra ‘ satisfactorily demonstrated that an increased shuts, and another half revolution opens the the connecting wires are passed down the posts 
connected with the manufacture of flour from tion - . The only possible agency alcohol couk production wouId be profit able, if we may be- gate. This shaft is operated by a weight a D d into the ground instead of being carried along 
sprouted wheat, and the effects such flour was have m overcoming the tendency ol the bread Ueye what we gge in the pract j ce 0 f the great cord passing over the pully in the top of the on top makes a more elegant structure. The 
likely to have upon its consumers. We pre- to fall, would be its transformation into va- mass of farmers . Yet there is an occasional post. The shaft is prevented from making righVangular movements of the wires are ef- 
pose at this time to pursue the subject further, I 0 ' A 'hLet.e a u 0 process is D oin e on. e g bmpge dou ht observable in the efforts more than half a revolution at a time by tne fected by means of the ordinary bell-wire 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT. 
matter in the grain must pass before it reach- to turn the m 
es the vinous fermentation. As we stated the flour bin. 
above, it is this vinou3 fermentation which 
sets the carbonic acid free, and causes the A LUT. 
sporige to rise, the added alcohol, therefore, ^ 
haviDg already been through this process, can 
be of no avail. If it ferments at all, it is ive ^P*® 1 3 
WINEGAR’S AUTOMATON GATE. 
A LITTLE LAND WELL TILLED. 
It has often been asserted that the produc- 
likely to have upon its consumers. We pre- 10 fall, would be its transformation iiuo va- mags f armerS- Yet there is an occasional 
pose at this time to pursue the subject further, P or w 1 e 1 e a g P 10 c c-s is e 0111 c ,on. e .. ge dou ^t observable in the efforts 
an.l explain some of the phenomena atteodmg consul ed ievcral of the most skillful » ^ ma ood farmer3 are making to in- 
.. • a- L ' t r_.-L. bakers of this city, and they have no faith J ? -rtr. 
the conversion of flour into bread, for the bakers of this city, and they have no 
purpose of furnishing aids, or of opening the 'vkatever in the alcohol.e remedy, 
door so as to enable the people to aid them -1 Some ingredient may perhaps be adt 
which many good farmers are making to in- catch of the gate which fastens alternately ; changes. 
crease the productiveness of their land. We °P en and s ’ Q ut. As a person in a vehicle pulls We have been shown at our office the model 
believe that five acres of fair quality of land, the lever as seen in the • figure, the catch is | of this gate, and have also witnessed one of the 
door so as to enable the people to aid them- Some ingredient may perhaps be added to t ; lledj STippG: .t aQ ordinary fam- withdrawn, the crank is half revolved by means j gates at the residence of Air. George Whit- 
selves in obviating the difficulties in the way make up for the deficiency in gluten, and re- n ^ and furnigh a surp i u3) and that too, of the weight, and the gate is thus thrown ; net of this city. It is simple in its arrange- 
oLmaking light bread cut of this kind of store adhesiveness and consistency to the away fr ’ om the great city marke ts. And we open and arrested from a return movement by I ment and operates admirably, 
flour. dough. Alum is sometimes used for this pur- believe that the soil may be increased ~ 
It is unnecessary to explain the process of pose, which, from its binding properties, pre- - n fertility wit hout other manure than can be no ground to suppose that, with good feeding may tell in the spring by looking at tne bed 
bread making, as that is familiar to every vents the escape of the expanding gases of the made and ra i se d upon the land. Manure and and careful usage, moderate labor would be of cabbages ; so I hope it now appears how the 
good housewife ; but the philosophical princi- sponge; but its taste is perceptible in the tboron<yh cultivation are the great secrets of injurious to the health of an animal; much cows are maintained in winter as well as in 
nles on which it is based, and the chemical bread, and its use on other grounds is highly a ; n raisino . abundant crops . more likely is it to be conducive to health, and summer. During last winter, I had no hay. 
pies on which it is based, and the chemical 
changes which take place during the process, 
changes which lake place durmg the process. **“““*'• ^on^oar °by'ttema,t B “‘ that caB ““'J be *<»!&** b? ' ab ° r ^r7tiohs"o“f u.i!k. oTher circamstances in ! the'y did very wellT- 
are nhderstood by eery ew outside o te , r . and capital. These are indispensable to high this man’s economy are worthy of observation; Here is what Mr. 
injurious to the health of an animal; much cows are maintained in winter as well as in 
more likely is it to be conducive to health, and summer. During last winter, I had no hay, 
even, in such cases as this, to the more liberal only turnips, mangel wurzel and straw, and 
Chemist’s laboratory. AY e all know that af- ° r ^ farming. If capital could be commanded as he saves all his liquid manure in a tank by his allotment was only five acres : 
ter the. srtrmcro is added arid thoroushlv incor- 100 eurnesiiy ui^cuumeuaut-tu, u „„„ ov1 j rmorafiADC a rr_ U etYittn on/X mivno fTTifK if q -rh-rrh-r^rv-rf inr» „ . - . . . 
man's economy are worthy of observation ; | Here is what Mr. John Harris did. 
ter the sponge is added and thoroughly incor- oe too earnesuy ancuumenauctu.ior uac uum 
porated with the mass, and Ihe dough knead- teration of human food in many respects n 
ed, the incipient loaves are set in a warm carried to a fearful and death-producing ex- 
+n-ro+;rvn nf inman fnnd in mam rpsnpnts is read Dy for the safe and sure operations of ag- own house, and mixes with it a proportion of one acre and 12 rods of wheat produced....53 bushels, 
teration oi human iooa in many respects is _„„„ a-. kn « 
riculture, as it can for the uncertain and haz- soot and salt; he throws his land into heaps, 
ardous pursuits of commerce, a much larger in- and puts the liquid upon the heaps, and then 
crease of the nroductions of the land "would be spreads it abroad ‘ because, as be remarks, 
- 1 - - tr - , . 1 1 aiUUUO ui -X'---A 
place to rise—that it swells and pulls up to tent already. _ crease of the productions of the land would be spreads it abroad 
double its original size—and that, if the for- A lady e y + r ‘ eilC fl ed m ie C ^ ’ “ d the result. But so it is; the surest invest- ‘hisland is so ne 
mentation is not checked in time, by passing ^ 0 u " e ° Ur °, ment is the least favored upon “ ’Change” and his liquid manure 
t.hfi bi-pad fhrnmrh ihc healed oven.it soon be- the next worst season to the present, viz., that _of it would be 
soot and salt; he throws his land into heaps, Half an acre of oats.61 “ 
and puts the liquid upon the heaps, and then Thirty rods of barley,.13}£ 
spreads it abroad— ‘ because,’ as be remarks, Twent J r rods orpeas,.4>£ 
his land is so near the chalk, that if he put Halfan acre 0 f turnips,. 150 “ 
his liquid manure upon the land, three-fourths sixteen rods of carrots,.... 3% tons. 
--- Of 1836, assures us that a small amount of nuu^cu ---- 
comes sour and unfit for food. But many of , f , , which have been sunk in sham railroads and 
• i -i« . T , , ,, -ii* of it would be wasted— it would go clean Fifteen rods of mangel-- 
among capitalists. If the nundred millions . ® . . , . 
O * o -rrro-rr o o novor Trt (ThT. IT. * nil I. XC M PTY 4 i TL n /~VT n 1 
wurzel,.3 
“The rest of his land was occupied with 
green food for his cows; such as cabbages, 
, . ^ . . . . . , away, so as never to get it again ; but when “The rest of his land was occupied with 
which have been sunk in sham railroads and ,v , , . , , ,. „ , ,, 
, .... , , . . , , put in a heap of mould it is retained. green food for his cows; such as cabbages, 
other kindred schemes, had been loaned to ^ Dumbrell had three and one-quarter rye, clover, tares, &c. He kept two cows.- 
farmers, not one dollar would have been ost, managed b y himself, his old father, and He bad from eight to twelve pigs all winter, 
and great improvements made in the increased & ^ ^ J^ Hig gtock consigted of and they consumed all his potatoes, and his 
power of productive industry. _ tw0 cows and a heifer , an d from two to three turni P"’. man S el wurz f and carrot8 ’ were S iT ' 
But we are wandering from the subject that rvlirc On SS nf around ho 0 TP.w 39 bush- en to his C0WS - He fatted 0ne hundred and 
a child nine years old. His stock consisted of 
two cows and a heifer, and from two to three turnips, mangel raid and carrots, were giv- 
„ , , _, t _ 00 „ v en to his cows. He fatted one hundred and 
us do not know why it rises, what new combi- shortening added to the batch, is of great ad- - & t pnt in a heap of mould it is retained. green food for his cows ; such as cabbages, 
nation of elements takes place in its stru?ture, vantage to the bread ; but m absence of any not one dollar would have been lost J - DraBRELL had three and one - ( l uarter XT' i Pt tw ^ C0WS ;- 
and wherefore it becomes acid if permitted to Positive and unmistakable rule for overcom- in the increased acres ’ by bis old father ’ and H * ^ fr0m 61gh ' "Vv ff ^ 
.fund ton loner ing the difficulty, we can only give some gen- and S reat improvements made in tne increased & ^ ^ years old _ Hig gtock consisted of and they consumed all his potatoes, and his 
Flolr of good wheat contains about ten eral advice ’ and leave the to tbe es * P ° WGr mdu f ^ f „ two cows and a heifer, and from two to three tur fP 8 ’. man § el and carr0 * 8 ’ ^ ere ^ S ix ; 
per cent eafhof wat"^ and Sen Z<X perimentsof our enlightened and skillful cooks, But we are wandering from the subject that On 8S rods of ground he grew 32 bush- ^ to his cows. He fatted one hundred and 
per cent, eaeh of water and gluten eventy i ^ ^ guccegg we h to hearj and we had intended to lay before the reader, which ^ f h on e. quarter of an acre he twenty stone ’ ht ? dred “ d sixty 
per cent, of starch, five per cent, of saccha- . ® ... , A - . wag + n nf what Lies been done in the 61S ’ ... .. pounds of pork, which he sold to the butcher, 
vine matter, and six per cent, of gum and give for the public good a recorclot^the.r ex- to t0 S P“^ of ™ a . ““ 6 ^ . grew 18 bushels of oats, and m nine months He soId six shotes, at three months old for 
other materials. These proportions vary in Foments in the co umns o e yirai,. y ° . , , , , b he made 400 pounds of butter from his two stores, and one pig for roasting; and he sold 
different varieties of wheat and in different It will probably be advantageous in the ihe allotment system in imgiana, ana tne cowg _ Mr. Dumbrell thus tells how he kept also one sow in pig for £2,12s. He kept no 
samples of the same varietv raided in different making of bread from the imperfect flour of ’ma . " ' ' ■ _ y . . two cows, and maintained a family of tn e per- account of the produce of his cows. ’ 
r _ J .. , . a. j_-l best nictures ot thorough and profitable tarm- ... „. . 
On 88 rods of ground he grew 32 bush- 
SET which is added, pro- .he pr^eut oeasou, to mix the dough &3 stiff 
duceethevinous fermentation of the eaceha- as can conveniently be done, for the tenden- mg hat we yethave There are .so ated ca^es 
sons on only three acres of land : 
These cases are cited not only to show what 
uuuco tne viiiuuo jcruicmttiiuii ui vuc bituciut- v«u wutvi«v-v V - . . , b t th o few and ^ensrallv Half an acre of pasture, half an acre and has been done, but to call from our numerous 
rine matter contained in the dcugh, which cy is to run over and out of the pans ; to m tms coun try, fiu y ar ^ ° y e j gbt ro ds in wheat, and one-quarter of an readers their experience upon the productive- 
fermentation changes the sugar into alcohol knead it very thoroughly, indeed, so as to give Rear market towns, an ere ore no air ex- acre in oats . tbe otber par t was g reen food for ness of land in various sections of the Union. 
and carbonic acid. The latter, being an elas- the unbaked loaf all the toughness and elas- am P les 0 neat farming. the cows, such as rye, tares, cabbages, clover, --*••>•••»—- 
tic gas. generated and pervadm^ the mass in ticity possible; to raise it with active and In Colemans European Agruu ture ree mange i wurzel, turnips and Italian rye grass. ERROIIS IM FARMING, 
minute and expanding bubbles, which are con- lively yeast, and in the shortest possible time; find the following account of wha, was done But if you are surprised at my keeping two —- 
j ,__•_ p a. i u. nn +p. v, 0 l-o ;t with a nniW Upftf ft« on four acres : cows on this quantity of land, I must tell yon One ox the best and most successful culti- 
amples of neat farming. tbe C0WS) sucb as rye) tares, cabbages, clover 
In Coleman s European Agriculture we man g e i -wurzel, turnips and Italian rye grass 
acre in oats ; the other part was green food for ness of land in various sections of the Union, 
the cows, such as rye, tares, cabbages, clover,-- 
ERRORS IN FARMING. 
minute and expanding bubbles, which are con- lively yeast, and in the shortest possible time; nna ine xouowing account, oi ivmu uuue 
fined by an adhesive covering of dough, causes and then to bake it with a quick heat, so as on four acres : cows on this quantity of land I must tell you One of the best and mrat successful culti- 
it to puff up into a spongy and cellular mass to fix the cellular structure of the bread be- " Jksse riPER - m Sussex, holds an allotment that one crop a year will not do it, but my vators in Western .New York, sends us the 
When just sufficiently light to bring the bread fore the gases have escaped, and the subsidence offouracres. He obtained in 1842 forty-two flowing letter written by a farmer of Cum- 
, J ° , . , , . . ,. , „ niowimw Tyioca cLoii Lo-ro +oi- or , bushels of wheat from three-quarters of an first thing I cut green m the spring, then 1 berland Co., Pa , and read at a recent meeting 
to the greatest perfect™, a p.mt trh.ch tie mto a st«iy, c amm) M „ . h0 had lw0 hundred Mty bmh . di „ fte land aild manure it with the liquid of tte Parmers - blab of the American Inal 
expenenced houaew.fo soon loams how to de- place. l»tt..way accord ng to p r «nt ^ of from three-fonrths of an acre , manure as far as it will go ; then finish with tate . 0 „ ^ remarks that it „ the ^ 
termme, the fermentation ,s arrested and the tgMs, it appears to us ha reasonably good ^ ^ bushels of barlejr ftom tbe other rotfen dnBg , plant mangel wurzel and tu he CTer saw from that CIab and sdds . 
dough converted into bread by placing it in bread can be made out of the kind ol flour land> and kept two cow3? and three and some- turnips ; and the part that I manure with the i{ bHgh it and re . pub u sb it 
the heated oven. The minute portion of al- under consideration. It is possible that a times four pigs ; he considers that there might liquid is always the best. The next thing I cut unt p evei f 0 ne of our numerous ubscriber^ 
cohol is dissipated by the heat, and the loaf slower heat in baking will be preferable, in be an acre of grass, and the cows were kept en- is winter barley and turnips, and plant some Rn 1 eve ry °Q e ° your numerous su n rs 
comes out one of the best and most nutritious order to admit of the expansion of the mass tirely upon the produce of the four acres ; a cabbages for winter ; by this time I cut the ve rea an re ie * ’ aB eu y0R 8 0 
articles of food known to the civilized world, by the generation of the vapor; but the ten- portion of this was not arable, as some trees grass and clover, which grows again in a short g^e it once a ytar as Ofig as you pu is an 
L The flour of sprouted wheat contains even dency of the dough to overrun the pans seems were growing upon it. A peculiarity in this time, with a little of the liquid manure as soon picu ura paper. . e e er s tea e 
more saccharine matter than the perfect arti- to render it desirable to fix the structure of man’s management is, that he worls one of as it is cut. Last summer I cut the ltalmn substance of all that is required to bring 
cle, since, as we stated in the previous article, the loaf early in the process of baking. A his cows in his cart, and calculates that her rye-grass and clover three.times; and th.. American farmn.g up to the standard of other 
.. ‘ labor saves him an expense of five pounds ; year I have nearly cut it twice already, and civilized nations, and nothing else will, unless 
e protest o germma i fi s c P| 0 ' ew expenm , I c . ^ she is milked in the morning before she is put there were really two good crops of the Italian the practice laid down in it is followed. One 
duct.on of grape sugar. It therefore contains and careful obscrvat.on, w> 11 determine which ^ ^ „ nd , a „ bough worked, she makes rye-grass, and I think there will ho two more h a lfth e land our farmers have under tillage, 
a t e e unents Leo-ary 01 tut Vluc.us er is est. ... . . , eight pounds of bntter a week, besides fur- this summer with a little manuiiug. My cal m jn.ht be made to produce almost if not quite 
mentation, and will enter upon the initiatory As we said above, we shall look with no nishing some milk for the family. This is a ly cabbages I always let stand to grow again donbIe the quantity now raiged 
process of rising quite as readily, and con- small interest (for our stomach's sake) .to the gorfc of Robinson Crusoe management, which all the summer, and they bring a great deal of y truthful is that last sentence and in 
tinue it even more actively, than the other ; success of our lady friends iu overcoming the ig well de8 erving of attention. It would not food. I plant again in November, and put preac hinff heretofore — 
but being deficient in gluten, which gives the present difficulty, and shall be glad to publish be easy to find a reason why tbe female of one the liquid mamire to them as tar as it will go; c ,. . ° . 
dough consistence, the expanding gas breaks any and every rule for making good, light class of animals should be exempted from hut to the rest I use dung or ashes, which are R t^rence o Dis su jeer an espectaiij. 
through and escapee. The mass, thus deprived bread from the flour of sprouted wheat. One work, rather than of another *, and there is not so good as the liquid, which any body cue e e a v ce c p tarn cow 1 erai , 
double the quantity now raised.” 
Very truthful is that last sentence, and in 
accordance with our preaching heretofore.— 
In reference to this subject—and especially 
touching the advice to plant and sow liberally, 
