MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND EMILY NEWSPAPER. 
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PUT THE SCHOOL HOUSE IN ORDER, 
The few weeks of pleasant fall weather jet 
in store for us is passing rapidly, and much 
is required to be done in preparation for the 
coming winter. It is not altogether useless to 
urge upon men the importance of looking 
even to their private affairs in view of ap¬ 
proaching contingencies, and in matters of 
public concern, a note of warning from those 
who stand in positions to be heard becomes 
still more necessary. Where the interests of 
the many are involved, and it is made the duty 
of no one in par icular to look after those in¬ 
terests, neg’ect and disastrous consequences 
are very apt to follow. The man who treats 
his own private property, or permits it to be 
treated, as that of the public frequently is 
under his very eyes, would be branded as shift¬ 
less and improvident, and be marked as one 
on the high road to pecuniary embarrassment 
and ruin. 
School houses are among those public in¬ 
stitutions that come in for a fall share of neg¬ 
lect and abuse. Too many of them are of 
little pecuniary value, it is true, and seem to 
be set up peculiarly as monuments of human 
folly rather than as nurseries of human wis¬ 
dom, and the defacings, batterings, and carv¬ 
ings of vandal school boys, can scarcely in¬ 
jure their appearance; yet, while they do 
stand, and must answer, for another winter at 
least, the purposes of a school room, it is of 
the highest importance that they be put in as 
complete repair as possible. The windows 
are in many instances in want of glass, the 
roof and siding perhaps out of repair, the 
stove cracked or broken, the pipe either rusted 
away or choked up with soot and ashes, the 
doors wanting a latch or lock, the wocdhouse 
and out-buildings in a filthy and unfit condi¬ 
tion, and a thousand nameless repairs wanted, 
which, if upon private premises, would never 
have been suffered to approach such a point of 
extreme dilapidation. 
Like a thousand others who are now en. 
gaged in different pursuits in life, we have 
taken our turn as a laborer in the ranks of 
common school teachers, and speak from ex¬ 
perience, as well as from the book. We have 
seen all the neglects and abuses of a school 
house unremedied and unrepaired in the pro¬ 
per season, and have taken down in winter 
long lines of horizontal stovepipe, so utterly 
choked with the accumulated soot of a whole 
year previous, and so entirely rusted away by 
the acid condensations from green fuel, as to 
be not only unfit conductors of smoke, but 
unsafe in regard to fire. Dirty and cold 
houses, smok^ pipes, green fuel, and other 
similar vexations are too often considered 
matters of course. The teacher has many 
•drawbacks to a pleasant life unavoidably con¬ 
nected with his profession, without having 
those resulting from the criminal neglect and 
carelessness of school authorities superseded. 
There are other considerations, aside from 
the teacher, connected with this subject; and 
these are the health, comfort, and personal 
well being of the pupils. Our fellow citizens 
who assume the duty of trustees simply be¬ 
cause it is their turn, and because they can¬ 
not readily avoid it, would shrink in horror 
from the idea of doing any overt act whereby 
the tender buds of promise, in his own or his 
neighbor’s household, would become blighted; 
and yet, by official nonfeasance in the matter 
of school trustee, this lamentable result not 
unfrequently occurs. A poisoned atmosphere 
resulting from ill ventilation, a current of 
damp or chilliDg atmosphere blowing through 
a defective window, freezing uncomfortable- 
ness in a far-off corner, or a scorching tempe¬ 
rature in the vicinity of a red hot stove ren¬ 
dered necessary in order to make the dilapi¬ 
dated room at all tenable in a winter day, 
have planted the seeds of many an early death. 
These things are still unremedied in many dis¬ 
tricts, notwithstanding the march of modern 
improvement. 
One of the duties of trustees is to see that 
a competent teacher is provided for the com¬ 
ing winter, at a rate of compensation suffi¬ 
cient to pay for the employment of all his 
time ; and another equally important duty is, 
to see that the school premises are put in 
proper order, an abundant supply of good dry 
fuel provided, and nothing left undone which 
will contribute to the health and comfort both 
of the teacher and the precious charge placed 
for the time being in his care. If the school 
house has grown rusty let it be repainted ; if 
the windows, doors, benches, stove, be injured, 
let them be repaired ; if the house be dirty, 
(as what house that has been occupied for the 
summer months is not ?) let it be washed in 
season to become dry before the time set for the 
school to commence ; let the out buildings be 
thoroughly cleansed and disinfected, so as no 
longer to be a disgrace and a blot on the 
school premises ; and then, a trustee will have 
discharged a portion of the imperative duty 
which his situation requires at his hands. 
Difficulties dissolve before a cheerful spirit 
like snow drifts before the sun. 
DISRESPECT TO TEACHERS. 
The sc’ ool was composed entirely of boys, 
and numbered about fifty scholars, ranging 
from eight to sixteen years of age. It was 
situated four or five miles from a large city, in 
a village which was then, as is new, a noted 
resort for “fast” youDg meD. As a conse¬ 
quence, the boys became acquainted with all 
the profane, vulgar, and slang expressions of 
the day, and were much inclined to be rude 
and pert, both in and out of school. 
One day, a slight disturbance having oc¬ 
curred in one of the classes, the teacher asked 
a scholar concernirg it, and received a very 
disrespectful and insulting reply. After a 
moment’s si’ence, he went on with the recita¬ 
tion, apparently intending to take no notice 
of the offence. The scholars were much sur¬ 
prised at this seeming indifference, and com¬ 
mented on it freely among themselves at the 
close of school. 
The next morning the teacher called the at¬ 
tention of the school, saying, pleasantly, that 
he wished to ask a few questions. “ Jf,” said 
he, “ you were at play in the yard, and a gen¬ 
tleman riding by in a chaise should stop and 
inquire the way to Brighton, would you teil 
him?” “Yes, sir,” promptly answered the 
boys. “ But how would you tell him ? In 
pleasant, gentlemanly tones, or grufily, as 
though he had no right to trouble you and 
disturb your plays ?” “ I would tell him as 
well as 1 could,” said one of the boys, and all 
raised their hands to indicate their approval 
of the answer. “ But suppose that a common 
laborer shou'd ask you the same question, 
would you tell him ?” “ Yes, sir,” was again 
the reply. “ And would you tell him in a 3 
polite and gentlemanly a manner as you told 
the Gther ?” “ Ye 3 , sir,” said all the bov 3 .— 
“ But suppose a strolling beggar, clothed in 
filthy garments, and having every appearance 
of a man who had deba-ed himself by his 
vices, should ask you the same information, 
would you tell him ?” A hearty “ Yes, sir,” 
was the response, as before. “But would you 
be as particular to tell him as kindly and 
pleasantly as you would be to tell the others?” 
“ Most certainly we should,” said the boys, 
some even adding that they ought to be more 
particular to speak kindly to such a person. 
The t acher had now gained his point.— 
The scholars had established for themselves a 
principle which each felt was just and true, 
aud it only remained for the teacher to make 
the application. 
“ Yesterday,” said he, slowly and impress¬ 
ively, “ I asked George Jones a question, 
which I not only had a right to ask, but 
which it was my duty to ask, and he gave me 
a disrespectful answer. Is it possible that 
there is a boy in this school, who will treat 
his teacher worse than he would the meanest 
vagabond that walks the streets?” 
It was enough. Nothing more was said, 
yet every scholar felt the reproof; and the 
teacher did not, during the remainder of the 
term, have occasion to complain of the slight¬ 
est want of respect on the part of any of his 
pupils .—Massachusetts Teacher. 
HOW TO EDUCATE A MAN OF BUSINESS. 
In ihe education of a business man, it must 
never be forgotten that his future life will be 
a life of action, and not of study. Creat care 
must, therefore, be taken that the health be 
not impaired in a strife for useless honors, that 
the feelmgs be not suffered to grow over sen¬ 
sitive in recluse contemplation, nor the mind 
lose its spring and elasticity under a load of 
cumbersome and unpractical learning. It has 
been said that at least one-fourth of the stu¬ 
dents of colleges leave them with impaired 
health ; full one-half are too sensitive to bear 
the rude jostlings of the world ; and, perhaps, 
two-thirds of the balance have some defect 
that would seriously mar their happiness and 
usefulness. A collegiate education cannot be 
recommended, and if attainable, is not desira¬ 
ble. A counting house is the business man's 
college. When the youth has fur shed his 
course of preparatory education, at a school 
or private seminary, under the charge of an 
able instructor, who teaches as much by con¬ 
versation as by a prescribed course, he should 
go into a counting house, that he will learn 
order, method, obedience, and acquire a 
knowledge of life and the business of life. It 
is there that he will learn the value of time 
and the value of money, two very important 
things to know. Whatever of conceit he may 
have brought from the village academy is soon 
rubbed out of him. He learns to obey, to 
submit and to be patient—to endure reproof 
without anger, and to bear contradictions 
with good humor. lie is obliged to keep his 
wits about him, to decide quickly, to have ac¬ 
curate eyes, and truthful ears, and to learn 
that there are just sixty minutes in an hour. 
A counting house education will be of advan¬ 
tage to every man, whatever his future occu¬ 
pation may be. A moral education need not 
be dwelt upon. This is especially a work of 
self-cultivation. No one's principles can be 
called temptation proof, but those which are 
the result of logitjal conviction, and for which 
repeated sacrifices have been made. As abil¬ 
ity to communicate varied and practical 
knowledge by conversation is a qualification 
that especially fits man to be a teacher, it 
should not be overlooked in the selection of 
one.— Freedly’s Treatise on Business. 
We like mischievous children, and for this 
reason—they are apt to make old men. Good 
boys generally die in their filth year ; not be¬ 
cause they are good, but because their quiet 
habits make them strangers to mud, puddles, 
oxygen, dirt pies, and out-door exercise.— 
When a friend tells us he has a little baby 
who never “ wants to leave bis books,” the 
knob of bis front door immediately becomes 
an object of intense interest to us; we know 
if we were blest with fore knowledge, that in 
less than a year a strip of black crape will be 
throwing a shade across his path that time 
will never eradicate. t 
To leave your son a fortune—educate him. 
T~ I t 
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Me&p'ei 
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pi - ty of the Lord, To those that fear 
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]. The pity of the Lord, 
To those that fear his name, 
Is such as tender parents feel; 
He knows our feeble frame. 
2. He knows we are hut dust, 
Scattered with every breath; 
His anger, like a rising wind, 
Can send us swift to death. 
3. Our days are as the grass, 
Or like the morning flower; 
When blasting winds sweep o’er the field 
It withers in an hour. 
4. But thy compassions, Lord, 
To endless years endure; 
And children’s children ever find 
Thy words of promise sure. 
Holland.— Within the last few months 
Holland has become possessed of another 
province, rescued from the water. The last 
allotment of the ground over which the sea cf 
Haarlem recently washed was sold a few days 
ago. The ground thus saved to the country 
will form excellent arable and pasture land, 
while Amsterdam and the other surrounding 
districts will be relieve,! of an enemy, which, 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA. 
For Moore’s Kara! New-Yorier 
THE REDEEMER OF MEN, 
That was a beautiful custom among the 
Israelites, which made it necessary, when any 
one of their number had become poor and 
sold a part or all of his possessions, for a 
kinsman (and none but a kinsman could do 
this.) to redeem what his brother had sold.— 
It wa 3 in conformity with this custom that 
Roth went to Boaz and requested him to 
perform for her the part of a kinsman. We 
all know how kind and affectionate was the 
answer he returned to the gentle, modest 
Ruth ; and when he learned that the nearest 
of kin was unable to perform for her the part 
of a kinsman, he promptly came forward and 
took his place. 
How clearly in this, as in most of the cus¬ 
toms, rites and ceremonies of God’s ancient 
people, is foreshadowed the glorious mission 
which Christ should perform for His people. 
When man, by disobedience fell, he sold the 
inestimable birth-right which G'od gave him 
in his primeval innocence, to the enemy who 
first taught disobedience—nothing was left 
him but banishment from the smiles and favor 
of God ; to be driven out from amid the 
greatest profusion of loveliness that ever 
graced the earth ; to wander a fugitive and a 
vagabond through the world ; to toil from in¬ 
fancy to old age, and at la 3 t to lie down and 
die ; to die, as the beast dies ; to die uncon¬ 
scious of what awaited his deathless spirit in 
the unrevealed future. Then, when there was 
no eye but God’s to pity ; when no arm but 
His could bring deliverance, Jesus left the 
Father’s bosom—threw aside the mantel of 
majesty—clothed himself in flesh and blood ; 
and standing between man and the just judge¬ 
ments of an offended Gnd,' freely offered, as 
man’s near kinsman—his elder brother—to 
purchase for him his lost possession. And at 
what an infinite sacrifice was that purchase 
made ! Nothing but an infinite price could 
obtain an infinite good. No less an offering 
would have sufficed ; no greater could have 
been given. Heaven exhausted her resources 
lor man’s redemption, when Christ hung 
upon the cross; Angel, Archangel, or shining 
Seraph could have no more availed to recon¬ 
cile man to God, than the blocd of beasts 
sprinkled on human altars. The Angels who 
fell, found no savior. For them there was no 
near kinsman, and they went down to irre¬ 
trievable ruin. 0 ! we dare not think what 
My 17, 3, 5, 23, 7 is a river in Ohio. 
My 4, 9, 8 , 11, 19 is a bay in the U. S. 
years, by direct and indirect taxes, it is cal- * ’ ’ ’ ’ „ . : . _ 
culated the entire sum expended by the coun- ‘ - y ’ 3S . a rn er 311 rance ' 
try in the drainage of the sea, will be repaid ~ d ’ W 8 1S a nTer m 1 russia. 
into the exchequer. My 6,11,14, 9, 26 is a town in N. Hampshire. 
Serious thoughts are entertained as to the 72 3S a town 7n Illinois, 
drainage of the Zuyder Sea. But there are 17 > 22 > 18 > 25 - % 8 » a coant y Virginia, 
difficulties unknown in the Sea of Haarlem. My 16, 26, 12 , 19 is a town in Massachusetts. 
The Zuyder Sea is fed by five communications My 21, 14, 5, 12, 6 is a river in Michigan. 
My lb, io, 6, Z, Ills a river m Drance. T+ ; Q ,, , ,, , . .. 
My 24; 1»; 1, 8 is a river in Prussia. J* “. ** « the Christian 
My 0,11,14, 9. 26 is a town in N. Hampshire. , / ‘“f' True, that love may have 
My 5, 16, 20, 18, 12 is a town in Illinois. been fi f 3t awakene: * b 7 the recollection of 
My 17, 22, 18, 25, 8 is a county in Virginia. wbafc Christ ba <I done for him (doubtless it 
with the North Sea. 
Marrying Cousins.— Among the papers 
read before the American Association for the 
Advancement of Science, at Providence, says 
the Vermont Chronicle, was one by Rev. 
Charles Brooks, on the result of marriage be¬ 
tween near blood relations. Mr. Brooks 
showed by argument and by illustrations, 
many of which were the results of his own 
personal observations, that the offspring even 
of healthy parents allied by blood previous to 
marriage, were very generally deformed or 
deficient in body or in mind or both. Among 
the illustrations adduced were inhabitants of 
Block Island and Martha’s Vineyard, the in¬ 
mates generally of Insane Hospitals, and the 
royal families of Europe, which he said, have 
violated these natural laws so long that there 
is hardly a descendant among them who can 
write consecutively a page of good sound 
sense. Prof. Agassiz fully agreed with the 
author in all the views and truths presented, 
and proceeded in his enthusiastic way to il¬ 
lustrate them still further. 
A Curiosity — The Homestead states that 
there is on the farm of C. R. Alsop, in Mi i- 
dletown. a curious freak of nature in the shape 
of a tree. It stands among a number of mng- 
My whole was a brave officer in the Revo¬ 
lution. N. A. 
Glenvllle, N. Y. 
jpT* Answer next week. 
CHARADE. 
My first, in kitchen, parlor, hall, 
Is faithful aye to duty ; 
Yet ever in the view of all 
Has far more use than beauty. 
Yet judge not rashly, nor contemn 
My name, my birth, or glory ; 
A noble peer of England’s realm 
I’m proudly known in story. 
My second, in enforcing laws 
For little rogue's, is clever, 
While old rogues cut their creditors, 
And then cut me forever. 
Poor hen-pecked husbands rue my whole, 
When testy dames grow sour ; 
Not Xantippe’s tongue, nor Caudle’s soul, 
Has half my dreaded power. 
glp Answer next week. 
ARITHMETICAL PROBLEM. 
districts will be relieved of an enemy, which, 1 composed cl -j letters. near kinsman, an d they went ^ 0WQ tQ j rr6 _ 
assisted by a north-west wind, always excited M Y 1 ®> 7 > 12 > 10 18 a county in Iowa. trievable ruin. 0 ! we dare not think what 
alarm, and often committed fearful havoc.— 10, 24, 22, 14, 4, 3, 15 is one of the U. S. , , , » . 
English engines and English engineers were My 4, 8 , 18, 25, 21, 11 is a lake in New York. , f ,. .. " ay ’ J ours an d mme > 
employed to drain thislaud, and, in its present My 20, 3, 22, 21, 5 is a county in New York. ^ ar teil07? P“g™> had there been for as ho 
uncultivated state, it has fetched nearly 8 ,- My 13, 16, 4 , 7, 19 is a village in Illinois. kinsman ! With the lost Angels, — in the 
000,000 florins. The country expended ten My 20, 2, 18, 26 is a city in New York. lacd over which hung eternal horrors, and 
millions of florins on this undertaking. In My 23 , 22, 12, 2, 18, 24 is a city in Michigan, where hope never enters, we had been lifting 
ten years the value of the rescued land will be M 17 3> 5> 23j 7 i3 a rive r in Ohio. up our eyes in torment and wailing amon- 
was,) but soon he loves him for what He is 
of Himself; a being all pure and holy—for no 
beauty or loveliness ever found a home in 
heaven, that does not center in Him—and the 
Christian finds himself as irresistibly drawn to 
Christ as the needle to the pole. Said a be¬ 
loved pastor to his people a short time since: 
“I must have a Savior! I cannot live without 
my Savior ! Take from me my Savior and 
I must look for another.” 
Tnus is it with all those who have been 
truly born again—C hrist, as a dying and 
risen, as a personal Savior, is as necessary 
to their faith in a pure and undefiled reli¬ 
gion, as air to animal life. Shake their faith 
in Him, and the beautiful superstructure they 
have reared, of which he is the chief corner 
stone, will tumble into fragments. 
Strauss and Carlyle, with their followers 
in this country, may strive to convert this 
same Jesus into a mere man ; yet the Chris¬ 
tian, looking upward, as into that calm, meek 
and GoD-like face upon which Peter gazed, 
with him will exclaim, “ Thou art the Christ 
the son of the living God !” s. a. e. 
Rochester, N. Y. 
A blacksmith had a stone weight, weighing , | UE ^ble tub. Key ro the Heart. If I 
. „ . ... ,r \ , had a lock of a verv conuolicated construe- 
iCLUO LiULUiut; rv ui tn y vji clauui uuiilc. dui ' . n-n _ in •.-i 7 --- — j ~ 
on closer inspection it is discovered that one ? lcLes * ere, be)b ie mi i, you ru was made by one who understood the con- 
side of the tree is sugar maple aud the other ined my welght ' No ’ says the mason > 1 have struction of that lock. So when I find that, 
white oak. The body of the tree is round and made 14 better > for whereas you could before notwithstanding all the windings and myste- 
smooth, and the junction of the two varieties weigh but 40 lbs. with it, now you can weigh ries of iniquity in the human heart, the Bible, 
is marked by a slight ridge in the bark, which every pound from 1 to 40. What is the re- and the Bible only, is aeapted to it through- 
would hardly be noticed. Some twelve feet quired size of the pieces ?— Ger. Telegraph. °Ht, and is able to penetrate its. most secret 
from the ground, the tree divides; one side is Answer next week recesses, I am constrained to believe that the 
i- -ii.- 1 - mu- 1 - 4U-i. »--• • Bible was made by Him who “ alone knoweth 
the hearts of the children of men.”— Ameri¬ 
can Messenger. 
from the ground, the tree divides; one side is 
maple, the other oak. The maple throws out 
a branch that has become entirely surrounded 
by the oak, and offers on that side the singu¬ 
lar appearance of a white oak tree throwing 
out a maple limb. It is very singular, and 
ANSWERS TO CHARADES, ENIGMAS, &c. 
Answer to Geographical Enigma in No. 299: 
they not like the aurora brorealis, whose mag- 75. A 
nificence awes the arctic voyager to silence ? B. 50. 
But for what are they good ? With all their 
spleudor they cause no flower to bloom ; in all Hai 
their light there is no life. cheap 
„_t a maple limb. It is very singular, and —- - ureug ^ Hu man Depravity-TI* true Christian 
worth the ride from this city to see .—Hartford Knox Colle S e > Galesburg, Illinois. can Qever doubt tbe depravity of human na¬ 
mes. Answer to Mathematical Question in No. 299: ture> f or he forms his judgment from a pro- 
-- On the first condition A. had 90 sheep and B. f oim d knowledge of his own heart. So clear 
Men of great genius, but little heart, aic bad After first change A. had 45 and B. an d emphatic has been the evidence upon this 
sy not like the aurora brorealis, whose mag- 75. After the second change A. had 70 and subject, given by the holy ones of earth, that 
Scence awes the arctic voyager to silence ? B. 50. we may justly conclude that progress in piety 
it for what are they good ? "With all their-- - --is marked and measuied by the degree in 
leudor they cause no flower to bloom ; in all Happiness can be made quite as well of which the corruption of the heart is recognized 
eir light there is no life. cheap materials as of dear ones. and hated.— J. R. Kendrick. 
