queen Elizabeth’s instructions to frobisiier. 27 
orders to be observed in tbe viage now recommended to him for 
the northwest parts, and Gataia!” 
“ Item.—In your waie outward you shall (yf it be noe hin¬ 
drance to your viage,) set on lande upon tbe coast of Freezland 
VI of tbe condemned persons which you carry with you, with 
weapons and victual Is such as you may convenientlie spare—• 
and if it cannot be done outward, you shall doe your endevor to 
accomplish the same in your returne ; to which persons you shall 
give instructions, howe they maye by their good behaviour 
wynne the good wyll of the people of that land and countrie, 
and also to learn the state of the same ; and yf you set them aland 
in your going outwards, then doe your best to speake with them 
m your returne.” 
“ The above instructions are well worthy of notice, as shewing 
the reckless manner in which the condemned persons in those 
days were treated, and making transportation a severe penalty, 
instead of a premium for vice. 
The expedition, according to the instructions, after clearing 
the northern parts of Ireland and Scotland, is to steer to the 
Island, called Holl’s Island, being in the entrance of the sup¬ 
posed straight, which we named Furbusher's Straight discovered 
by yourself last yeare.” 
The next article contains orders, that the vessels be safely 
moored, and that the miners, finers, and merchants, be conveyed 
in boats &c., to the place were the mineral ore abounded, in 
order that they commence collecting it. 
While the miners &c., are at work, Sir Martin is to proceed 
in his survey of the coast, and also to search for mines. He is 
to conciliate the natives, and to be careful, not to give the least 
offence. 
Item.—We doe not thinke yt. good you should bring hither 
above the number of three, or fower, at the most of the people 
of that country, whereof some to be old and the other yonge, 
whom we shall minde not to return again thither, and therefore 
you shall have great care how you do take them, for avoiding 
offence to them and the countrie.’’ 
Frobisher having sagaciously observed that the ice which on- 
