z£%r^£w'W’wwCmwwwww»wmwC^Sw~', 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
(Ireliar!) aittr darkit. 
SEEDLING FRUITS. 
The general opinion that fruits deteriorate 
from the seed, is founded in au impertect un¬ 
derstanding of the principles of nature. In 
fertilization, whether natural or artificial, na¬ 
ture is always true to her purpose, 1 he seedling 
fruit will be an admixture of the parent and 
the fruit, which furnish the pollen, and no more; 
and when all of these are of good quality, the 
produce will invariably be so too. One might 
as well expect plums and grapes from apple 
seeds, as poor fruit from such an admixture.— 
Nature is as true in one instance as in the 
other. The fruit blossoms are often impreg¬ 
nated with the bad and foreign sorts, by the 
pollen which bees carry on their legs from 
flower to flower; and the cultivator will often 
be surprised with fruits so crossed, when no 
such are in the immediate vicinity. 
I planted some seed from an isolated Siberi¬ 
an crab tree, which fairly swarmed with bees, 
when in blossom, and of six seedling trees only 
one resembled the parent. I also raised fifty 
trees from the seed of good fruit, growing in 
an orchard of that class, and the produce were 
mostly fine sorts. I set out 200 trees, which 
were raised from the seed procured at a cider- 
press (doubtless poor varieties,) and but one 
proved worthy of cultivation. My custom to 
prove the quality of seedlings, has been to 
leave a limb or two on each tree, and graft the 
ante SlllS, $(. 
THE PLAIN WHY AND BECAUSE. 
Why is muriatic acid recommended for 
cleaning old books and prints? Because, tho’ 
new steamer has accommodations for 10,000; 
and as for the difference, they will either do 
without it, on account of the superior speed of 
a large ship, or they can stow on deck a few 
hundred tons to be burned at the commence¬ 
ment of the voyage, before the passengers have 
got over their sea-sickness, if indeed the mag¬ 
nitude of the hull does not dispense with that 
r .iJttdusc, uio I 1 tv* v m i 
it removes the stains of common ink, it does d ■ ^ nl)une - 
not affect printer’s ink. For the latter use, add ^ ~ 
half an ounce of red lead to three ounces of GIas or Coal Tar.— G 
common muriatic acid. Where writings have I refu; ' e tai> from the gas-w< 
HUBBARDSTON NONSUCH APPLE. 
and slim, and covered with a whitish, woolly 
or furzy substance, which distinguishes it from 
a spurious and worthless kind, that has a stout, ^ YEAa ' ast fad * baided a l° ad rot_ are* metallic oxidesMeta^^combined wlTh 
/ -o ii • ' ten saw-dust and threw it around my young • , . 10 , , . , ls c °moincd with 
naked scion, resembling that of the Baldwin.- apple treeg . M neighbor over the way is T 1 ! ° inflam ® ab es ? include « a ^e metallic 
It is a good bearer, and bears about two-thirds 0 ne of those characters who plods on in the ? uI P aureta - ^ etals in combination with acids, 
of its produce in alternate years, and generally same old track that his father and grandfather inc ™. e ni . , c . sa , , . 
in even years, as ’46, '48, &c. did, believing that they knew all, and more JK ^ p" P ' 0Jed “ reli " i "f «* 
it u 1 , x J , - - too Mv neighbor said if r nut dnst P recious metals? Because when mixed with 
The Hubbardston Nonsuch is one of our f' ‘-lgnoor saiu u i put. saw-dust, . in a great. heat. it, ri«p« tn thr. 
SAW-DUST FOR ORCHARDS. 
half an ounce of red lead to three ounces of GUas 0R Coal Tar.— Gas or coal tar is the 
common muriatic acid. Where writiugs have reflLse tar fr° m the gas-works. Two or three 
been effaced for fraudulent purposes with this coa, t«, well dried, act as a powerful preservative 
acid, sulphuret of ammonia, and prussiate of ad wooden substances to which it is applied; 
potash, will revive the writing and discover the and * rorn tbe experiments we have made, with 
artifice. Very old writing may be revived in wooden surfaces constantly exposed to moist- 
this way. If indigo and ox id# of magnese be ure > we bave no doubt it would be valuable on 
added to common ink, it will prevent its being fence-posts—certainly more so than charring, 
effaced by chlorine. With various bases, miT- wbic ff after all, admits moisture through the 
riatic acid forms the salts called muriates; and charcoal-—this would not admit it Gas-tar, 
muriates, when in a state of dryness, are actu- und ® r . sod > * s sa ' d t0 he gradually decomposed; 
ally chlorides. * but if dried previously, the process would cer- 
Why are certain metals malleable, orreduci- taird Y be very slow .—Albany Cultivator. 
ble into thin plates or leaves by hammering? -► «--- 
Because their atoms cohere equally in what- Improved Wrencx-i. — P. Smith of Bridge- 
^ive sitnatjon they happen to be, and port, Ct, has invented an improved wrench, 
i t0 °f? Tu 1 1 aboat a “°?o 011 wb ich an application has been made for a 
ittLntf » f nt the f tums ° a fllU(1 ’ P at ent. The nature of the invention consists 
Whv re 0r Ch t a ? Se °1I p !' 0perty ', T> 111 havin S the lower jaw of the wrench station- 
W hy arc some metals called native? Be- ary and secured to the handle by a hollow 
cause they occur pure or unalloyed, and have shaft, while the other jaw is made movable 
but a teeb e attraction for oxygen: such as pla- by a combination of a rack and pinion.— Sci- 
tmurn, gold, silver, mercury and copper.— enlijw American. 
Metals are also found combined with simnle ...___ 
Metals are also found combined with simple 
supporters of combustion; the chief of these 
are metallic oxides. Metals combined with 
, . e „ Y . around my trees, I would surely kill them.— 
best late fall apples, particularly for the market, He said he put manure around some of his 
did, believing that they knew all, and more j . ^ 13 . , ^ ^ n P lo 7 ecJ ] n refining the Lemon Drops. — 3 heaping table-spoonfuls of 
too. My neighbor said if I put saw-dustj [J!" 0 ?® wT! J^a thfljS fine SUgar; 1 tahie-spoonful sifted flour; the 
them in a great heat, it rises to the surface 
combined with all the heterogeneous matter. 
grated rind of 3 lemons; the white of one ei 
few moi^^eTth^^ Whereit is vei T popular, bringing the highest tree? and'kihed X^I^told hiT! wodd ! form ?!!! ^ dr ° P 0D buttered P a ‘ 
price. Some say that this fruit has been over- risk it, “any how.” 
removes the incumbrance. In this way I have rate d, but those who give it good culture, get I put fresh stable manure around one row 
nrnihi/>ii/l rinniw nonr CAi-fa T.;hir>h fin DO ’ O -..3 _j. . 
water pipes, (though Vitruvius, the Roman ar- per; bake in a moderate oven, 
chitect, in the time of Augustus, condemned - 
produced many new sorts, which do not suffer 
when compared with the best sorts at present 
cultivated, which grow near them. From the 
seed of the Seckel pear 1 raised the delicious 
little pear, which was figured in your paper, 
and called “ Hampton’s Cluster,” which par¬ 
takes of the good qualities of its parent, with¬ 
out its musky flavor, and is much earlier.— 
From the seed of the Virgaleu, probably cross¬ 
ed with the Seckel, I obtained another fruit ! correspondents, 1 offer the following 
is not adapted to extensive culture. Origin, a »d planted the ground with^corn and pota- P WICL ‘ lain ; aud lead is capable of forming vari- 0111 eil0U » 10 ro _ 
Hubbardston, Mass.” ^ery luxulLtlTbut t£ trees'where?he SSI °^ ad mabin g f ot lo6 C ° XUUlptl<>11 Sponge C a ke.- 1 lb pulverized whitesugar: 
nv nniTrn.vn ' dust was, grew^the best, the bark being smooth- , W , hy are hghtrhoas f 3 bud f m a circular 1- eggs, yolks and whites beat separately; the 
ON GRAFTING. er and the trees had a healthier appearance. I °,. ia U‘ -because, partaking of the properties weightof 6 eggs in flour. Flavor with lemon; 
_ _ will also state, that part of the orchard planted tae best enables them to withstand stir quick, and bake immediately. 
Eos. Rural:— In answer to one of your in potatoes, grew much better than that part ^ ^ tempests, from eveiy quarter.— -- 
correspondents, 1 offer the following; nlanted to corn. The soil was Lhe Eddystone light-house, built by Mr. Smea- Washington Gave. — 1 lh of en <r*~. i ik 
ON GRAFTING. 
Eds. Rural 
nearly as good, and much larger. I have seve-1 Why is it, taking our country through, that Farmer and Visitor. 
planted to corn. The soil was clay loam.— 
ral other seedling pears which promise well, so few of our farmers can do their own graft- 
and that were superior to the White Doyenne mg? It takes but a few moments and a little Time F0R Grafting the Apple. — The | phoTic" fi^bOTesf^lBe^^^ti^^phur 1 ^ ---—" 
and Flemish Beauty in flavor the past year, patience to learn, and only ordinary aptness is Country Gentleman says that the best time j the match readily combines with the phospho- FAMITY S1I4P 
and numerous varieties of apples of like good required. It is well worth every farmer’s buds be^fto sw^lfthe 1 m ^ th j ^°i tle ’ b Y fiction against cork or ‘ ‘ 
quality. while to know how to do his ownfand when i„g Tj’\ - f Tl T “ E »*<* ofsoft “*P h hot now so much 
This, and much more, has occurred under thrifty trees producing only indifferent apples in a moist cool place, or in a box of damp phosphorus" aie 11101 e 1 :lll ' nia ' ) L 1 dU a matter of hick or chance,, as.it was some f'or- 
my observation, in the natural way of cross may just as well be made to bear Newton moss in a cool cellar, so as to be neither shriv- Why is it difficult to light paper by the flame nec£d witlf the unL" of'au ahSi^doi^or 
fertilization, and when conducted properly, in Pippins, Spitzenbergs, or Northern Spies,— ? e ,:,. t 0 „Vt he . T. Ul , ! of I^ospuorus? Because the paper becomes fat, is now better understood. Caustic Ive’and 
an artificial manner, the results are much more why are those trees allowed to waste the soil? fen much. ‘ Y ’ L U ° llUlSW0 ' G0Vered and protected by the acid formed by oil, or fat, will readily combine, forming* soap, 
certain of success. By these methods, many In selecting scions, I look for the largest, no e P bos pli°ras. >\ hen Acids and oil will not unite. Lye that is 
""“ 4 of'“ ble f ,itsare . c . omi “«.f ar f iut ° how . larg l e ’ “ff™J >n * er IJnrtuultaral ^tertiaemenfs. ****£»■ 1 “"‘" 1 4 * emp “' b“ifacw 
notice. Of this class, are the Bailey Sweet, than to contain two buds, and if the buds are_®_ 4V hy is electricity beneficial to plants? Be- as not to combine with the fat, oil or m-ease’ 
Broadwell, Fort Miami, and Wagener, among healthy and over an inch apart, one bud is bet- OSAGE OEANGE SEEA-We will supply new crop cause electrdied seeds P ass more rapidly even when boiled for a long while. & 
apples; and Dearborn’s Seedling, Dix, Summer ter than two, as the longer the scions the more Stn SMS sllch^a're nofelSed andeSSed Pearlash is a compound of potash and car- 
Doyenne Lewis, and many more among pears; apt are they to dry up and die. I always wax | flower more rapidly ami abundantly! PlSS SjT “P* , In 7 -° ** of c P earlash there are 
Coes Golden Drop, among plums; and a vast the ends of the scions, as it saves them from _ _—---■— -with nointedleaves and soines attract plectnVffv , Is ' ot carbonic acid. Saleratus has double 
me ^uuystone ugnt-nouse, built by Mr. Smea- Washington Cake. -1 lb. of sugar; J lb 
ton, the English engineer, is aspleudid triumph wt Pr . i iv , , .„ 0 _ E ' 
of this principle. 1 butter ’ 1 lb * flour 5 i P mt sweet md k; 5 eggs; 
Why are brimstone matches used in phos- p tea-spoonful cream tartar; \ tea-spoonful soda. 
FAMILY SOAP. 
The making ofsoft soap is not now so much 
a matter of luck or chance, as it was some for¬ 
ty years ago. The chemical principles con- 
array of other fruits. The method of cross drying. I have set more or less for 8 or 10 of i^toa af,u Shaker^n and fS sS- 
fertilization has been so frequently described years past, and my opinion is, that scions of 
that it is not necessary to introduce it here.— two years’ growth, bear sooner than those of j Ag ' [ w ' arehou3c - C-^t fj h. g. white & co. 
Let the fruit raiser try his hand at this and lie one, though they grow much less rapidly. To SEEDS OE ELNE EBENCH ANNUALS 
will find that my assertions above are true.and make healthv and hardv trees, t.he Annin . Thk Su ^ CI ' ibe . r > P u _ bl “ he I ot lhe “ Horticulturist has 
the case the crab might still have been oar tho limb was taken off, I have forced the cor- farm ANn m s«v M ».„ - 
standard of excellence among apples. Do not ner of my grafting knife into the side of the Pibasantly located on the Ridge Kona, m Givece, near 
be content with the assertions of a few, who limb, making a crevice into which I have driv- ^ 
recommend a select list for all localities, a en a large, short and bluntly pointed scion, and 
.-- —gurney, the quantity of carbonic acid; in 92 ibs. of 
" c " saleratus there are 48 lbs. of caustic potash 
A NEW ERA IN NAVIGATION. combined wtth 44 lbs. of carbonic acid; it is 
this acid that causes the effervescence when 
Y\ e have already noticed the project of cider or vinegar is poured in to a vessel con- 
building a monster steamer, in regard to which tabling saleratus. The potash having a 
occasional brief paragraphs have appeared in stronger affinity for the acid of the vinegar, 
the English journals from time to time, during than it has for the carbonic acid, it escapes 
the past year; and we now learn that the from the liquid in a gaseous form; the potash 
scheme is iu process of actual execution. The is changed from a carbonate, to the acetate of 
constructors are Messrs. Russell, Scott & Go.; potash. Pearlash and saleratus can be dis- 
Mr. Brunei, the eminent engineer who built the solved into a lye strong enough to float an esro- 
„ , u "men x naxe onv- gooaouuuiugs, ami otiitr improvements—iueiuoing sou bteaui Navigation Gompanv are to own the contain, it would not unite with the eiease to 
recmmneml a select tot for all localises, a en a large, short and bluntly pointed scion, and * ^ip, which is intemled to rot from England to form soap, lint if newly burned Hum was to 
movement unworthy the spirit of the age. In waxing carefully around it, have left the limb ”' K ' l . u lcmr > ear8 ’ s ,XJ ' vl11 - win sell 4o acres, wnu the Gaicutta. It is to be built on a principle sim- he added to the lye, the carbonic acid would 
this land of progress, of railroads, and tele- on a year or more. I have had scions set in . anV^ ata ilar to tEal of the Britannia bridge, with double leave the potash and combine with the lime, re¬ 
graphs, it will not do to let Horticulture stand this way do extremely well. If you have a ^GrU^'x. v! 
still. Every locality must have its particular small, crooked tree which you wish to straight- tthutt 
apply to the subscriber on the premises. 
Greece, N. Y., April, 1S54. 
varieties of fruit suited to its climate and soil, en, you may force a branch in this way to <>-ood 
Putn ey, Hardin Co., Ohio , * 1854. _ mlc. H. ^Vantage. For cherries I use as hard a "wax 
HIIRBARDSTfllV \f)\SIJf IT App7 V ™ 1 Ca ° raanage ~ for apples and pears il 5s of 
ULiiliilaUolUiN nUNMJlll AT 1 LE. less consequence. I have noticed that cherries 
HUBBARDSTON NONSUCH APPLE. 
FItUiT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, 
At Keduged 1*k.ice6 FOR Cash.— The suosoribur vvishiu 
to dispose ot Uis present stock ot Trees, will sell them a 
the following rates lor cash : 
ddre^or 1 . Dnttumia bridge, with double leave the potash and combine with the lime, re- 
z. culia'. 1 sides—in fact, one ship enclosed in another— suiting in caustic lye, and carbonate of lime. 
2c-j-4t* with the space betwueu them partitioned into l he caustic lye would then readily unite with 
g air-tight cells. The frame will be stiffened in- the grease and form soap, 
r'wishing teruuiiy by two bulkheads running the entire The ashes of beach, hemlock, and some other 
i them ul length of the hull, and dividing the vessel kinds of wood, contain so much carbonic and 
The Hubbardston Nonsuch is a favorite 
fruit, adapted to very general cultivation.— 
Downing describes it as “ a fine, large, early 
winter fruit, of first rate quality. The tree is a 
vigorous grower, forming a handsome branch- 
i > •) f )V nil > Wld °fr en grow in young trees when the whole to remove to other Nurseries, ul reduced prices 1 ” * 
1 top is taken o« lllorc readp y than when a por- 
tion of the branches remain. 
to remove to other n ursenes, ut reduced prices. for a leak would thus only affect the compart- its union with the grease. Dr. Dana in his muck 
bee u tea ted aud^idapteiT to* this* ctiuuue-^md are wan^u ted ni . ent . iu Nvblcb occurred, which might be fill- ! manual says the soap-boilers add about one 
to be as represented. eu with water without seriously diminishing the ! pock or lime to every bushel of ashes thev 
Letters Addressed to , 1....... l • ° : i i* , i J J 
The earlier the scions arc’set the more liable buoyancy of the ship ' ; each 5 the bm f takes up the acid, and they ob- 
nrp tn tnl-p a *i 1P -it l ,, Residence on the xursery—three miles east of Okott. i tie keel is to be 680 feet in length, beam tain caustic lye. About one peck of fresh 
;:1_„ ifTAz._«.„.« h ,*-^4. 5 3 ***■ <* ku»**» m s*» to^b»bd.«r^c 
season growth, and cherries must be set before 
ing head, and beam very large crops. It is ... f . . , , 
c a i ii. », t ,. the buds are in the least swelled, 
worthy ot extensive orchard culture.” In Ins ... , „ v . ...... 
^ . _ West Bloomfield, N. Y., April, 1S54. 
recent work, Elliott pronounces it “a superior 
fruit, succeeding even better when grown west, 
tb\m in its northern locality.” 
The late S. AY. Cole, Esq., of Boston, thus 
Cranberry Vines. — Having noticed re¬ 
peated inquiries where the cranberry vine can 
be procured, I will say, they can be had in any 
describes this variety:—“Fruit, from large to quantities from the marshy lands owned bv Testimonials from Agricultural,and Horticultural,and 
l\, 1 , t __i - i i t xr , , J . * other 1 apers could bo produced iu abundance to show that 
-- 1- —-— 1 —H __!_ ' figures we estimate the real capacity of the ves- j about as much as is thought necessary in the 
DIE PLANT EOR SALE. sei to be at least 20,QUO tons. There is to be j country, where most families make their own 
Cahoox’s welt known seedling, superior in quality and stowage for 10,000 tons of coal—enough for soap. The ash of beach or any other kind of 
size to any ot the varieties ot Mammoth, Cotlossal or Vic- . j > . ■ . , b r , , . . J ; ul 
toria, and coutiuues to produce uew ieaf stocks until No- dpout , * ort y c ku s steaming without stoppage wood, if the lye is strong enough and made 
vember, not being affected by the early frosts. This varie- —and 5,000 tons of cargo. The motive power caustic, will by the addition of good soai> 
adter^hetu^'ui'uier'culnv^uio'ii lhat “length'oHimehXs 18 to be composed of sails, paddle-wheels and a grease make soap. We should prefer soft, to 
good in size, having last year produced stocks weighing screw. The engines are to be of 2,800 horse- hard water, in leaching ashes for soap making. 
Fl\ E pounds and over. TIOwer in the Mo-.rn'OTite wpiirliimv ahont '4 (Win Snnw nr rain maim io oaI'I o n,l 
very h\rge; roundish, tapering moderately and John Newman and others, convenient to the this Pie Plant, is all that is represented. I win only hisert ^d other matters. time. The water in many wells is termed hard 
roundly to the top; skin, smooth, fair, rich, yel- Ridge Road, in the town of Murray, about U ZatTed iUlt while 111 reri P ect of speed there seems to from the fact of its decomposing soap-^that is, 
low ground, mostly covered with bright red, miles wrest of Sandv Creek Village iu Orleans m > saihcn, for the last ten years, it is as follows: ° bc 110 otber P ublt ol superiority iu the new separating the lye and grease, this, rising upon 
flnA-qrirt nnhrnlmi iu tm, ctpi.uwi n . Avi . • \ V* T ‘ “ But theimost.remarkable feature of this garden is the I steamer thau her bulk, we may find iu her the surface of the water like curds, and the pot-. 
. .. ’ ‘ *1 0 Gounty. A\ hat is charged tor them, I cannot Mmmotk Pie Plant, and certainly any person who iscori- i enormous stowage an advantage sufficient, to ash of the lve uniting with some aeid /«wvnt«in. 
W E are indebted to Mr. B. P. CaIIOON, of one hundred pounds Of] 
-my . ,. r . .x I this was a very unusua 
lvenosha, Vv IS., lor sonic roots ot his Limit I bunches, which seemed 
shade, generally russet around the stem, and say; probably not much. Mr. N. said I could tJdand 
sometimes a very few large prominent russet gather at any time as many as I wished.— O. L'ot^in 
specks on other parts; stem, medial length, M. Barber, East Gaines, March 19,1854. 
rather slender, in a rather broad, deep, regular--- ■-» • ♦ • ♦- 
cavity; eye, large, open, in a shallow basin; Wk are indebted to Mr. B. P. Cahoon, of 
flesh, yellowish-white, tolerably fine, crisp, juicy, Kenosha, YVis., lor some roots of his Giant 
of a mild, pleasant, aromatic flavor, inclining to i Bhubarb. 
saccharine. In use from the latter part of Oc* , T* ’ T.! ‘ ’ " T., 
. i • , tf i ii i i Another monster exhibition is to be held at 
tober into December. It should be used as > Cheltenham, Eng., in June of 1854, which, in 
soon as it is in its prime, as it grows dry and j addition to all kinds of Horticultural produc- 
spiritless very soon. It is hardy; we have had ! lions, will comprehend every description of kn¬ 
it growing several years in Maine, without in- i l demer fr or article manufactured, designed, 
jury iu tho winters. The growth is goo,I, but j '«*»• ““‘..“.’V c0 “ n6ct f. d 
J f , . a x , L ticulture. A building is now erecting at Clnl- 
not great, about the same as that ot the 1 or-, tenham, containing twenty thousand superficial 
ter or Jewrett’s Red. The new wood is long ! feet of glass to hold it in.' 
“But the most remarkable feature of this garden isthv I steamer than her bulk, we may find iu her the surface of the water like curds, and the pot- 
^Tto'kntJw'wharpie^Uutl^aiui^inv'iriaay'lle'cuitiv^-! St0 , Wage f \ advanta 8' e sufficient to ash of the lye uniting with some acid (conten¬ 
ted and developed, would do well to look at it. We state I J ustl ty the risking ot the vast amount ot capi- ed in the water, lor which it) has a stronger af- 
what we witnessed, (and what we should doubt if we hau j tal which she must cost. No other vessel can Unity than for the grease, 
which after'beiuj' trimmed‘ready for'Vo'okhi^ weighed 4 s j transport such a quantity of coal, or other la- It is said, that hard water may be rendered 
pounds, and certainly as much more was left on the root, ! dillg. Iu round numbers One hoi'SC-DOWer COU- 
uncut; making the product of one root nearlv. if not unite i .. _i ____ 1 
tion; and all this too, 
as any raised. Of till 
Rhubarb. 
plement or article manufactured, designed, growths of vegetation at home. 
quite as huge as the one in ques. having a propelling power of 8 
young and tender plant, as delicious I • " c 1 „ 
s plant, Mr. Cahoon is raising hn- fitures consequently stowage IOl 
in that time, and | or pearlasn, to tne water some twenty-f 
800 horses, re- j hours before using it —Granite Farmer. 
for 800 tons of -. ♦.. . .. 
of coal for every horse-power. This, a steam- 0 f liquid blue; then pour boiling water on a 
er ot ordinary size could not carry. Half the tea-spoonful of starch, run the veil through 
weight would sink such a steamer, but the Le- this, and clear it wrell by clapping it. Aftcr- 
\iathan can bear it easily, lhe iorce ot 2,800 wards pin it out, keeping the edges straiu'ht 
