m 
I have observed that those who work the 
most at head farming, and who intend to make 
good use of their wits, generally prefer to let 
somebody else raise the calves, and they will 
buy them in at two or three years of age. I 
will resume this subject again, as it is my inten¬ 
tion to furnish the Rurai., and some other pa¬ 
pers, with occasional “ Conversations.” 
Pearl Creek, N. Y., April 5, 1854. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
RURAL ARCHITECTURE. — OUT-BUILDINGS. 
CASCADE BARN AT GREAT BARRINGTON, MASS. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —Inasmuch as 
the subject of Rural Architecture is receiving 
a large share of attention at the present time, 
I purpose briefly, to refer to one of its most 
important, as well as most neglected features. 
For, while it is admitted that the erection of 
convenient, commodious and tasteful cottages, 
with the appropriate decoration of the sur¬ 
rounding grounds, has very commendably call¬ 
ed into exercise some of the best minds of the 
age, among whom the lamented Downing was 
conspicuous, it is equally true that the erection 
and appurtenances of the necessary out-build- 
ings on farm estates have not received a corres¬ 
ponding proportion of attention, hence have 
attained a lesser degree of perfection. 
Now, that the latter are equally deserving of 
consideration, is evident from the reflection, 
that the profits of an estate are intimately con¬ 
nected with the conveniences and labor-saving- 
appendages that are attached to the out-build¬ 
ings, and the growth of the domestic animals, 
which is of course promoted by their comfort. 
And the evidences of an increasing desire to 
perfect this hitherto neglected department of 
architecture, cannot fail of affording gratifica¬ 
tion to all lovers of progress. Among the re¬ 
cent results of this progressive spirit, is the 
Cascade Barn, erected at Brookside, in the 
town of Great Barrington, Mass., which I have 
recently had the pleasure of visiting, and can¬ 
not refrain from calling the attention of your 
readers to it, which I do more for the purpose 
of pointing to it as an object emphatically 
worthy an examination, than to give it a de¬ 
tailed description, as one it merits would be 
too copious to claim an insertion. This barn 
(the term barn is decidedly too incomprehen- 
sive, as it embraces every out-building that may 
be needed, even to a fanner’s house,) is located 
in the fertile and delightful valley of the Hou- 
satonic, 2 miles from the village of Great Bar¬ 
rington, and was designed by Mr. J. Wilkin¬ 
son, for David Leavitt, Esq., a gentleman of 
princely fortune, residing in New York, and is 
unquestionably the most perfect thing of the 
kind in the world. True, this is a sweeping as¬ 
sertion, yet I believe it to be fully sustained by 
the facts in the case. 
It is 200 feet in length, with a centre wing 
on the east side, three stories high, with an 
arched roof covered with tin, and cupola on 
the centre, and erected at an expense of nearly 
$20,000. It is based in a ravine which it 
spans, thus affording an easy entrance into the 
third story. Through this ravine runs a dura¬ 
ble stream, with which is formed a beautiful 
reservoir of water directly above the barn, that 
operates upon a wheel twenty feet in diameter, 
thus forming an excellent motive power, thati3 
used for a great variety of purposes, such as 
sawing wood and lumber, thrashing, cleaning 
and elevating the grain, cutting straw and 
stalks, unloading the hay and depositing it in 
any desired loft, churning, grinding, &c., &c. 
The first story is used as a manure vault, the 
second for stabling, the third for grain, hay and 
apartments for domestics. The arrangement 
for feeding the cattle is most ingenious and 
convenient, the following description of which 
I give in the language of Mr. Wilkinson, viz: 
“ All the manual labor required in feeding the 
cattle is to run a car which contains 25 bushels 
of feed, before the line of cattle, and shovel the 
food into the feeding boxes, which are of cast 
iron, quadrant shaped, of about one bushel ca¬ 
pacity, and one to each stall. These boxes are 
placed one on each side of a partition, that 
divides two stalls, and are each attached at the 
right angle corner of the box to the front par¬ 
tition stud by hinges, so that the boxes may be 
swung around into the feeding hall, in front of 
the cattle, and over the feeding car, that the 
feed which spills in filling the boxes, may fall 
into the car, instead of on the floor. After the 
boxes are filled, they are turned with a slight 
touch, before the cattle again. In the centre, 
betsveen the next or adjoining pair of stalls, is 
an erect cylinder, two feet in diameter at the 
bottom, and one foot eight inches at the top, 
which projects equally into each stall, and ex¬ 
tends from about a horizontal line with the tops 
of feed boxes (on the opposite side of the 
stalls,) to the upper surface of the hay-loft floor, 
directly over the cattle, that it may be filled 
from that floor. There is a circular aperture 
six inches in diameter, in each side of the hay- 
tube, at a convenient height from the floor, so 
that two animals may eat from the same tube 
at the same time. Under the tube is a drawer 
iuto which all the loose hay seed falls through 
its latticed bottom, which drawer when full is 
emptied, and when a large quantity of seed 
accumulates, it is cleaned for use or market.— 
The seed obtained is of a superior quality, and 
the quantity ordinarily saved by this arrange¬ 
ment will pay for all the manual labor required 
about the building throughout the year.— 
Across the front of the stalls there is also an 
ordinary box manger, directly under which, 
and running the whole length of the stable, is 
a trough for water, with suitable openings in 
the bottom of the manger through which the 
cattle may be watered by removing the iron 
slides that close them, which is done by means 
of a lever, opening the line of slides at once and 
in an instant.” • 
The very great economy and convenience of 
this arrangement is obvious at a glance, and 
may be taken as a specimen of the perfection 
exhibited throughout. Under one of the drive 
ways, into the third story, is an arched room, 
well ventilated, and lighted with a glass front, 
which is used as a milk room, and has a great 
many conveniences connected with it for dimin¬ 
ishing the labor of taking care of the dairy, 
which can all be performed without the least 
exposure to the weather, and within the com¬ 
pass of a few feet The herd is fed with hay, 
cut feed, and steamed roots that are reduced to 
a pulp by the revolution of a cylinder in which 
the roots are placed after steaming, with four 
cannon balls of ten pounds each; and I be¬ 
lieve during the summer season the soiling- 
system is to be practiced in part. The build¬ 
ing is well lighted and ventilated, so that no 
diseases are generated by the confinement of 
impure air and the deleterious gases—an impor¬ 
tant feature that is too often overlooked. On 
the side of the barn facing the Housatonic, 
which is but a few hundred feet distant, are 
projections of cut stone, so arranged as to con¬ 
vert the water which falls over them into a 
sheet of foam, from which it justly derives its 
name of Cascade Barn. 
The exterior finish of the building is in a 
style corresponding with its magnitude and in¬ 
terior perfection, and presents a very pleasing- 
appearance. , Everything is constructed, and is 
to be conducted strictly upon scientific princi¬ 
ples, principles that experiment has confirmed; 
and indeed, true science and enlightened experi¬ 
ment are always in harmony. No one can visit 
this extensive establishment without pleasure 
and profit, and cannot fail of being surprised at 
the fertility of the inventive genius of the archi¬ 
tect whose skill is strikingly exhibited in the 
innumerable number of original devices for 
economizing time and labor, that are visible at 
every point. And Mr. Leavitt is deserving of 
high commendation, for his munificence in 
erecting this model building, for which the 
patrons of agriculture will feel profoundly 
grateful; for though few, if any, will copy it as 
a whole, yet thousands will adopt many of the 
principles and conveniences therein exhibited 
and brought to light, to their inexpressible 
satisfaction and iuterest. -ama uio.se who may 
be fortunate enough to visit it, will have the 
pleasure of their remembrance heightened by 
the courtesy extended towards them, both by 
the architect, and the gentlemanly resident pro¬ 
prietor, a son of Air. Leavitt. 
Chatham, N. Y., March, 1854. 
THE “TERRA CULTURE” HUMBUG. 
Inasmuch as an attempt is being made to 
resuscitate this most ridiculous humbug, the 
following statement, which fully explains itself 
—and which ought to buiy both “ Terra cul¬ 
ture ” and its knavish propagandist beyond the 
hope of resurrection—is given in order to ef¬ 
fectually “ head ” the operations of an impos¬ 
tor. The “ Professor ” is now on a “ profession¬ 
al tour ” in the West. Editors in Michigan, 
Illinois and Wisconsin will subserve the cause 
of justice, and aid in protecting the agricultu¬ 
ral community from fraud, by publishing this 
unequivocal expression of opinion. 
To the Public. 
The undersigned, citizens of Cayuga county, 
having attended a lecture in the city of Auburn 
by Russel Comstock, of Mabbettsville, N. Y., 
on his pretended new discoveries of greatly 
beneficial facts in agriculture, and of uniform 
laws in nature (heretofore unknown or misap¬ 
plied) regulating the growth and maturity of 
vegetation, and having been requested by him, 
in his introduction to said lecture, to draw up, 
and submit for publication our honest opinions 
in regard to his theory and condemnatory of 
the course of certain papers (which though so¬ 
licited, he decliued naming) towards him, upon 
mature deliberation respectfully submit the fol¬ 
lowing to the public: 
employment for so large and meritorious ak- We trust that, between the British prov- 
double what it was forty years ago, with great¬ 
er powers of consumption, and more dependent 
than ever on foreign supplies of food. The 
improvements in agriculture have been immense 
during the last ten or twelve years, and they 
are still progressive to such an extent, that 
they may virtually double the area of these 
islands, and thus stand in the place of the new 
lands which were brought into cultivation du¬ 
ring the last war, and of which we have ex¬ 
hausted the supply. Our importations of for¬ 
eign grain, during seven years of free trade, 
have considerably increased, though they have 
disappointed the hopes of some and the fears 
of others; and still it is found in practice, that 
from our own soil and from abroad we receive 
no more than we can consume. The chief in¬ 
crease has been from the Black Sea and from 
France. The supply from the countries bor¬ 
dering the Black Sea must cease while they are 
the seat of war; and that from France was a 
temporary exception to a general rule. The 
large exports which took place after the revo¬ 
lution of 1848 arose more from distress occa¬ 
sioned by that revolution, and accompanied 
perhaps by hard cropping and a cycle of pro¬ 
ductive crops, than from a superabundant pro¬ 
duce caused by an improved system of cultiva¬ 
tion. France is again an importing country, 
and a competitor with us in every market 
where corn is to be bought. 
Our supplies from the Baltic have not ma¬ 
terially increased since our ports have been 
thrown open to the Polish wheat-growers who 
ship from the coasts of that sea. Neither 
have Canada and the United States overwhelm¬ 
ed us with their breadstuff's, as many expected. 
It is to that quarter we look for supplies while 
the Baltic and the Black Sea are the seats of 
fiupuTOS ank praters. 
j. r. r. 
SPRING WHEAT.—BLACK SEA VARIETY. 
Eds. Rural: —Having read with some de¬ 
gree of interest several articles in recent num¬ 
bers of the Rural, on the culture of Spring 
wheat,—and in view 7 of its importance to far¬ 
mers, more especially those living in sections 
where little or no winter w r heat is raised, and 
the prospective high price of w T heat, the pre¬ 
sent season,—I think it a subject of deep in¬ 
terest to cultivators of the soil in such localities. 
Having been engaged for the last twelve 
years in Agricultural pursuits, in the county of 
Chenango, in this State, where but little winter 
wheat is raised, my attention was called to 
some extent, to the culture of spring wheat.— 
The red chaff bald was considered the best va¬ 
riety, until the introduction of the Italian, and 
subsequently, the tea wheat,—all of which did 
well, until about the year 1846 or ’47, when 
the insect made its appearance, and all of those 
varieties fell a prey to its ravages. Efforts 
were made to evade the scourge, but all proved 
fruitless. Soon after this, the Black Sea wheat 
was introduced from the northern counties of 
the State, which proved to be a hardy kind, 
suffering very little from rust, and by late sow- 
ing has almost entirely escaped the ravages of 
the insect. I have sown as late as the fifth of 
June, with good success, but would recommend 
sowing from the 15th to the 20th of May, tw 7 o 
bushels to the acre, on a dry soil, plowed deep, 
and made fine by the use of the harrow; a 
field planted with corn the year previous is pre¬ 
ferable. With such culture I have never failed 
of a remunerating crop. 
Some complaints have been made, and justly 
too, in regard to the flour, which is somewhat 
darker than that made of other varieties, and 
not quite as soft, but that difficulty will be ob¬ 
viated when the miller becomes accustomed to 
grinding it It requires somewhat different 
treatment from other kinds, but the skillful 
workman will soon be able to make flour that 
will make bread, that will satisfy the taste even 
of an epicure. J. W. Collins. 
Sodus, N. Y., April 10, 1854. 
class of our population, and lying as it does, 
at the base of all other employments, and all 
our prosperity, it is natural that great solici¬ 
tude should be felt in what concerns its im¬ 
provement; and accordingly we find the farm¬ 
ing community, for the last several years, ex¬ 
ceedingly sensitive in what regards the least 
advances in the line of their profession, sparing 
no pains or expense in experimenting upon 
plausible theories, or in the practical applica¬ 
tion of all the numerous worthy, and worthless 
agricultural implements of the day. In this 
state of eager credulity, and laudable anxiety 
to excel, a wide door is opened for imposture, 
and large fortunes made available to lecturing 
pretenders of new discoveries, especially if they 
clothe their labors with the charm of “ confi¬ 
dential disclosures” and hold their hearers un¬ 
der penal responsibility for the strictest se- 
cresy for ever after. The undersigned are 
well aware that it is scarcely possible for us to 
estimate too highly the beneficial effects which 
have resulted, and may continue to result, from 
organized Agricultural societies, well conduct¬ 
ed journals and public addresses of well in¬ 
formed practical agriculturists; and, while we 
most cordially recommend all these helps to the 
especial confidence of our brother farmers, we 
cannot too strongly condemn the course pur¬ 
sued by Russel Comstock, of Mabbettsville, 
N. Y., for the following, among many reasons. 
1st Because he teaches no new method with 
which those toho read our agricultural works 
are not already well conversant, and conse¬ 
quently he has no secret to disclose. 2d. Be¬ 
cause some jAirts hi$ theory are contradicto- 
7 'If llllri *91 direct Oppociftio** coLUOCioftr- 
ed results of our experience. And finally we 
regard the whole so-called “ disclosures ” as a 
most indifferent exhibition of weakness, folly 
and deception, and hold all honest men moral¬ 
ly bound to condemn and repudiate any and 
every person, who goes about the country ex¬ 
acting a princely fortune from the hard earn¬ 
ings of the laboring classes, ivilhout render¬ 
ing any equivalent therefor, and binding them 
to secresy upon subjects that are not, and 
never have been secret, and upon facts that 
have been universally known and practiced 
upon, approved by some, condemned by others, 
and more or less adopted by all, from time im¬ 
memorial. 
In this view the undersigned comply with 
what they believe to be their duty in warning 
all persons to beware of this stupendous “ Terra 
Culture ” humbug. 
inces and the United States, America may be 
able to furnish that grain which we want and 
which we cannot or do not raise at home. We 
must remember, however, that every year the 
wheat-producing districts of America are re¬ 
ceding further from the coast, under the ex¬ 
hausting system of cultivation prevalent in 
those new countries; and that States and Prov¬ 
inces which were once celebrated as large 
growers and exporters of wheat, have become 
dependent for a portion of their own food on 
the growth of other districts. The rate of 
wages, always high in America, is advancing, 
and thus increasing the cost of production; 
there are, moreover, indications not to be mis¬ 
taken, that a certain range of prices here, con¬ 
siderably above that which English farmers 
have of late been accustomed to consider re¬ 
munerative, is necessary to draw much wheat 
from America. War will enhance the cost of 
transport from all countries; and if the war 
shall be protracted, we shall have, in all human 
probability, a long series of high-priced years, 
followed by low prices on the return of peace. 
BARN-YARD MANURES. 
S. S. Graves, 
P. R. Freoff, 
H. B. Rathbuu, 
Orrin Gaston, 
Wm. N. Beach, 
L. L. Wilkinson, 
Smith Anthony, 
Aaron Bowen, 
N. Close. 
Geo. L. Orsborn. 
Dated, March 2d, 1853. 
EFFECT OF WAR ON BRITISH AGRICULTURE. 
The Mark Lane Erprcss is giving a scries 
of excellent articles on this subject, from which 
we give the following extracts. They are 
rather long, but we make no apology for trans¬ 
ferring them to our columns. With free trade, 
whatever affects the price of breadstuff's in 
Great Britain, affects the price here. Our 
readers, therefore, have as much interest in 
the matter as British farmers; nay, more, for, 
while the profits of an 'increased price of ag¬ 
ricultural products to a great extent, find their 
way, in the shape of higher rents, into the 
pockets of the landlords our American land¬ 
owning farmers not only have the advantage 
of higher prices for their products, but pocket 
no small profit from the increasing value of 
their lands: 
After forty years of peace, we are once more 
entering on war. Will it be short, sharp and 
decisive? or will it afflict the nations for another 
twenty years? Will England come out of it, as 
out of the last, covered with glory and with 
wounds, and with some four or five hundred 
millions added to her debt? Is she to triumph, 
or to fall? Will die Scythian hordes be driven 
back to their native snows? or will they over¬ 
run the fairest regions of Europe, and plunge 
them in darkness and barbarism, like that 
which overspread the civilized world when Im¬ 
perial Rome sank before the swarms which is¬ 
sued from the same northern hive? Will Eu¬ 
rope become Republican, or Cossack? 
The present waij finds us with a population 
The following questions and answers extract¬ 
ed from the report of the examination at the 
Royal Agricultural College at Cirencester, 
England, will be read with interest: 
What changes does l’arm-yard manure un¬ 
dergo in keeping? 
Farm-yard manure, by keeping, putrefies; 
sulphate of ammonia and ammonia are driven 
oil, is carried away by the drainage, 
which is generally impertect; tne organic mat¬ 
ter is reduced; carbonic acid and pfiosphoret- 
ted hydrogen are given off, and the mineral 
matter is more concentrated. It was consider¬ 
ed by Liebig that well rotted manure owed its 
extra fertilizing effects to this excess of mineral 
matters—a matter doubted by some. The re¬ 
maining matters are more soluble. 
Mention some of the principles which ought 
to guide the farmer in the management of home¬ 
made manure? 
The principle ought to be to keep in all fer¬ 
tilizing substances, to procure the manure in 
the most concentrated form (unless required 
for clay, or where a mechanical action is re¬ 
quired) and as free of water as possible, and 
allow fermentation to go on as regularly as 
possible, and by compression to exclude the 
air. By box-feeding, compression, exclusion 
of the air, keeping out rain, keeping up regu¬ 
lar fermentation, prevention of sweeping winds, 
no loss by liquid matters, flowing away of al¬ 
kalies, &c., and a more intimate mixture of the 
dung and urine w T ith the straw takes place.— 
When the manure is produced, the heap should 
be made large—wide at the base and narrow 
at the top: it should be compressed, drainage 
furnished at the base, the liquid collected in a 
tank, and either used as such or again pumped up 
over the heap. The preserving of ammonia 
will be touched upon in the next question. 
What are the best means of preventing the 
loss of ammonia in dung-heaps? 
1st, Road scrapings, charcoal, clay burnt, 
unburnt, saw-dust, and peat soil. These act by 
their powers of absorbing ammonia, by keeping 
out rain and air, and keeping up regular fer¬ 
mentation. 2nd, Sulphate of iron, sulphate of 
magnesia, sulphate of lime, chloride of sodium. 
Sulphate of iron acts as a fixer by forming sul¬ 
phate of ammonia, and as a deodoriser by 
forming sulphuret of iron with the sulphuretted 
hydrogen given off. Sulphate of magnesia 
acts by forming a double salt of magnesia and 
ammonia, and by uniting with phosphoric acid. 
Sulphate of lime is considered to form sulphate 
of ammonia and carbonate of lime. It only 
does this when soluble, to which state it is not 
easily reduced, and reverts again to carbonate 
of ammonia and sulphate of lime. When 
dried, its action is doubtful as a fixer of ammo¬ 
nia; it may unite with the phosphoric acid.— 
Chloride of sodium acts by stopping fermenta¬ 
tion. Acid fixers—sulphuric and muriatic ac¬ 
ids—act by entering into combination with 
ammonia; the latter, as it may be procured 
cheap near soda manufactories, is the cheapest, 
and quite as effectual. 
Fighting Bees. —To stop bees from lighting’ 
breaking the comb of the robbers is said to be 
sufficient, by giving them plenty of business in 
taking care of their wasting honey at home.— 
It is said to have succeeded completely.— 
JYcw-lIavttn Register. 
Mexican Guano. —Will you be kind enough 
to give me your opinion of the value of Mexican 
Guano? I see it advertised and greatly recom¬ 
mended in several agricultural papers. I have 
some intention of trying it, but thought I would 
ask the opinion of the Rural before purchasing. 
What is its value compared with Peruvian Gu¬ 
ano ? How should it be applied ?—J. D., New¬ 
ark, Neiv Jersey, April, 1854. 
Mexican guano may be considered as the 
insoluble residue of Peruvian guano. If you 
were to take a few pounds of Peruvian guano, 
and leach it for several days, the lixiviated mass 
would be something resembling Mexican, Sal- 
danha Bay, or any guano found on coasts 
where rain is frequent. The superiority of the 
Peruvian guano is owing, not to difference in 
the birds that deposit it, or to a difference in 
the fish consumed, but to the fact that rain 
seldom or never falls on the Peruvian coasts, 
Chincha Islands, &c., and therefore all the sol¬ 
uble matter remains in the guano. But these 
soluble salts consist principally of ammonia 
and alkaline phosphates, and are the two in¬ 
gredients of most value in all manures. In 
lixiviated Peruvian guano, or Mexican and 
Saldanha Bay guano, we get little ammonia 
and soluble phosphates. Its most valuable 
constituent is the insoluble phosphate of lime, 
which, to act quickly, needs to be converted in¬ 
to a superphosphate by treating with sulphuric 
acid. From the fineness of the particles, how¬ 
ever, it is more readily dissolved in the soil than 
any mere mechanically prepared phosphate of 
lime would be, and hence is more valuable. 
It is not an agreeable task to assign the true 
value of an article exposed to public sale; but 
as our correspondent asks our opinion, we will 
say that we should prefer Peruvian guano at 
$50 per ton, for wheat, corn, potatoes, grass, 
&c., rather than Mexican at $20. It may be 
applied in the hill, or sown broadcast. We 
are sorry to say, it will lose little or nothing by 
exposure. 
How to Get a Patent.— Will you please in¬ 
form me, through the Rural, how I must pro¬ 
ceed to get a patent for a machine, without go¬ 
ing to Washington?—what it will cost, <fcc.? and 
oblige one of your subscribers.—A., Mendon, N. 
Y., April, 1854. 
Apply to some Patent Agent in New York 
or elsewhere. Alfred E. Beach, of New 
York, (whose advertisement you will find in 
the Rural,) will attend to your business. 
Patent Iron Scythe-Snaths. —Please inform 
me through your paper, where the patent iron 
scythe-snatlis are manufactured. Also the name 
of the manufacturer.—I. B. T., Henry, lll. t 
We believe the article named is manufac¬ 
tured by Chas. Clow, of Port Byron, Cayuga 
comity, N. Y. 
Cultivation of Onions. —Will you, or some of 
your correspondents, be so kind as to inform me 
through the Rural, what is the best manner of 
raising onions ?—What kind of seed, soil, and 
manure is best ? With a detailed account of 
their cultivation and yield, under favorable cir¬ 
cumstances ?—It. B. E., Hast Mahoning, Pa. 
Fife Wheat. —In answer to an inquiry in 
the Rural of March 25th, respecting Fife 
Wheat, James Irwin.e, Millans Bay, Cape Vin¬ 
cent, N. Y., informs us he has some of good 
quality, which he sells for $2,00 per bushel. 
GET SPRING CROPS IN EARLY. 
There is a great advantage in sowing and 
planting early. Taking one season with an¬ 
other, there is less risk from frost than from dry 
weather in the latter part of spring, or the ear¬ 
ly part of summer. Some crops can be re-sown, 
if a chance cold, wet spring should destroy the 
first sowing. 
We sowed a field of marrowfat peas three 
weeks sooner than usual, and they came for¬ 
ward so early that we sold them green in the 
pod, for more than $50 an acre over the ex¬ 
pense of picking and carrying to market, and in 
addition had a moderate crop come to maturity. 
Early potatoes always bring a good price in 
any location. A plot of these planted as soon 
as the frost is out of the ground, will be quite 
likely to produce a little extra “ change” just 
when it will be very convenient, to say nothing 
of the luxury of having early new potatoes for 
home use. Should the first planting happen 
to be destroyed, the use of the ground need not 
be lost .—American Agriculturist. 
Culture and Exportation of Flax. —A 
shrewd manufacturer of fiax goods who has 
just returned to Europe from an extensive tour 
in the United States, in view of the impending 
struggle, and the closing of Russian ports, in 
an aide article in an influential commercial 
paper says—“ We are mistaken if, before the 
lapse of five years, flax be not exported to 
Great Britain from the United States.” And 
then alluding to the interest now taken in the 
United States in the growth and preparation of 
flax, and the probability of the erection of flax 
manufacturing mills in New England, he argues 
the necessity of stimulating the growth of flax 
in the United States for exportation. This is 
a matter well worthy of the consideration of our 
farmers. 
Separation of Cream from Milk. —A sy¬ 
phon for dairymen is now in use in Scotlam 
by means of "which the milk is drawn away 
from the cream, instead of skimming the cream 
off the milk. 
A 
