VOLUME V. NO. 20. 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. — SATURDAY, JULY 1, 1851. 
\ WHOLE NO. 231. 
pjort’j fatal Jpeia-gatbu: “ cv,r put tlmr liny in barns, ami very seldom 
a quarto weekly ari Y ^ H 'ii S™' 11 ’ especially wheat,—expe- 
Agricultural, Literary, and Family Newspaper 1 i°tice teaching them that they do not keep so 
- well aa in a properly-constructed rick. This is 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T.MOORE, owing to the fact that most of the barns are 
ASSISTED KY 
JOHEl’H HARRIS, in the Pmcttorf Departments: built of brick or stone, and are comparatively 
EDWARD whhster, in tho Literar; unj News Dop'ts. air-tight, although holes are made at certain 
Corresponding Edit pi: distances in the side walls for the purpose of 
J. H. Bixby,—II. 0. White,-I'. E. Wktmokk. ventilation. With our wooden bams, it is the 
Thk Rctkai. Nrw-Yokkkr is desiiod to bo unique and l ’ >011 opinion tli.it liay and grain come out 
beautiful in appearance, and unauriAsed in Value, Purity better Irom a barn than from a stack. Blit, 
and Variety of Contents. Us con-SStors earnestly labor few farms have SllllicieilL baril-rOOUl for llOUS- 
to make it a Reliable Guide on tJ important Practical ,.|i ,i.. i 1( ,„ „„ . . . ‘ 
Subjects connected with the busiiM of those whose In- ° , ' * ’ n tU *’ <(,l< t OI 11-stalks, and it, IS 
terosts it advocates. It embraces qre Agricultural, Ilorti- 11 question of SOIllti moment which of these 
cultural, Scientific, Mechanical, I.ipiry and News Matter, should he placed ill the barn, lllld which ill 
interspersed with many appropriaVnd handsome engrav- u . t|( ,i._ •. , . ..... 
lugs, than any other paper publjod in this Country,— * ! . ‘ ad ' ailtagCOUS in (eodlllg Ollt 
rendering it a complete AauicduRAL, Litkraky and Gay in winter, to have it in a barn; and when 
Family Nkw8j>a.i'kr. 
f~gr For Tkrms, tic., si/i.ast imc.k. ul OPf 
|Tl are T P r U r-' y t0 11,0 oM - rashio,ied mctho<1 “''S™ 1 ' 1 ' 1" Hw latitude of New ling. intervale the rtjla nu*t‘ Rr’.'.w'l,” •“ andX 
^ sm; r;:: P r:; ■*--—- - ::tr ZT’X rv* > esta ’" rr^ ^ # -.™ 
S"S::i„Jc , rr oo,, r born " itis, " e T0H “ ™ ,TifE mi .^ 
better from »"bam than rrMu'a'stael""' J!!!l W ‘ ' ,Cr0 rece "% on ‘1» farm of (Ieorob Mid allowed to remain three, four or five __ it. c. IV. 
c p , ..... . ' W. Goodhue, Esq of Wheatland N Y (a Y 8 ’ or ulAl ^ey aro muc G swollen, and the 
Szt: -> - - ** „> **» •» *>.- k 7 *. ^ ««««««*. 
a question of some moment which of these bCe8 ,,a ' i “ TO ™ ei ’. “"'1 ™* tying way. On y Warm ' 'V “"“"""S the vessel to stand £ u w,:—-J notice an article from the 
should he placed in the barn and which £ oin S to t,ie house, we found all the good warin p,ace ’ covered with a cloth, and y turner, headed A New Method of 
Stacks. It is verv advantatroniiRin f. oT “women folks” playing a not very harmonious (:,ian g® the water daily, to avoid fermentation; 1 raising Calves, tried by I). M. Crowell, for 
hay in winter to have it, in 'i'^.,° M or melodious tune with tin puns. But the mix WItb a dl 7 eart h or 8a,1(1 when you earl y ( t,lal la 011 «our milk.) That mot.h- 
the irrain crons are tlin 1 1 - r *!"! ", Un fugitives would not listen to the notes of the £> et rea( ty to plant. The ground for the nur- 0,1 Gas 1,0011 practiced a long time amongst 
f " ir cha ™ c - (heir Queen » r.J$ should be a rich, sandy loam, deeply ...any of onr farnicm. says earn ,„„. t be 
i: i, ,i , , v >arns them with sweeter strains than the Good-huat I 0(1 an<1 Hnel >' pa'^ria*^. If you have none j n ot to feed them too much, for fear of 
ing all the hay, grain, and corn-stalks, and it is 
u Progress and Improvement. . . iiiui “■ Wi aiso, 'cry convenient to i-. ri . Aa .. 
... ^ li.vi.iiw.n,;, < i, 1 j a ,i . I.ve. Jhebeeshadflownaconsuerabledis- 
i { . - .. nave Uumi in 1 lie Imrn. If the grain-crons are I , » . , 
VTK'klVU HW riMi v r„ tliriivl. ><l <> ,.l. iiw> v i , . ance from the house, when Mr. Goodhue 
will Lit lab Jl,\i, hllAl.i, ivf, tinasliul can), they may be placed in the i *. X r v , 
hurno nmi in J , reached the scene. “Now,” says he, “I’ show 
. . . barns, and be out before they are wanted for Lv ,, , r x 
I he moist, climate of Great Britain renders the corn-stalks. All these matters should bo 1 jN '^-Yorkkr how to head runa- 
! necessary great care in housing and stacking j taken into consideration, v.hcn each firmer bee8 \ proeured a large looking-glass, 
; || hay and grain. Wheat and other grains are , must decide for himself which course it. is best I "“’"T ° f 11,0 bees * P ,4ced tll( ‘ 
i;i; seldom sufliciently dry at harvest to be thrashed to adopt. ^ ,|ass 10 saC11 11 position as to throw the rays of 
\ A very small proportion of tho English wheat w ,, . i flic imn right across their line of fliuLt. By 
i crop is thrashed before Christmas and most , Eimi ’ ,y 0f,d ^ lhes0 <li8Cur85vo movta » tll(5 b rl ^ rapidly, and throwing the 
Liii.1 furmera urc very particular'to u T.f? 'f” “ *“ ^ 0Dd f libe of lightning, i„ ail 
the grain crops are thrashed immediately after , f ' ", . . “ t0 the notefl oF th( 
harvest, we ... prefer to occur* the barn. ^ cl T Km ltar <i,lee " r ?* ishi “( 
P■ i.av, r.uli.T th in will, wlu-.i* V-,. u them with sweeter strains than the C«orf-4w«. PPP*** 
jj (G) Y <VV t i careful to bull I i ,i • ’ , republicans could generate wdth milk pans and 8uch » supply thd deficiency by hauling sand or j Arcing their growth. I was not at al 
: lilt rn flf n-ilirrltrr H , „i „ '' T" •"»«<*«! «h»c IbdreHM. to *»«, a* mml »">«Hontothcho«l > .u»l richest spot ol- J Oral there existed any danger of or 
icH UU O llUI (MblllU. ‘.'/'l 11 " 001 '" music of the young Queen, tho .. offerinu 1 “"' 1 *«%•»« «lx thoroughly with the '•■Ives on sour milk; hot I know, if fc, 
' : ^ »' fiiircr jirospects^ of snccess, were » .1^2 *>«• .... » *W 
01 lll,d 11 a, s°. v °ry convenient to • L. '. . „ , ... * 
STACKIN'(I HAY, GRAIN, &c. 
I _ 
The moist, climate of Great Britain renders 
necessary great care in housing and stacking 
i rocced to lay it out in drills eighteen inch¬ 
es apart, and drop the seed at intervals of one- 
half inch in the row; cover with fine earth a 
few inches deep. Be sure to pat well the ! 
ground above, so as to press the earth tightly j 
around the seed. If the weather now be dry, 
the surface should be plentifully watered, as 
'he am rielit across their line of flight. * B\ depends on keeping the seed constamly 
hese discursivt ving the glass rapidly, and throwing tin nt 
iay and grain, rays of light, like flashes of lightning, in all 1 aboui 11 wee '\ or ton du >' s > lf the weather 
RAISING CALVES. 
Ens. Rural:— I notice an article from the 
A’. Y. Farmer , headed A New Method of 
Raising Calves, tried by I). M. Crowell, for 
early beef, (that is on sour milk.) That meth¬ 
od has been practiced a long time amongst 
many of our farmers. He says care must be 
taken not to feed them too much, for fear of 
forcing their growth. I was not at all aware 
that there existed any danger of crowding 
calves on sour milk; but I know, if fed in too 
large quantities, it will cause them to scour 
badly. Would it not be more profitable, if 
the object is early beef, to let the calves for 
the first two months, suck one-half of the milk 
of a cow, and then give them the whole 
amount? If calves were served in this way 
until from live to six months old, and then 
weaned, and fed a liitle meal through the win¬ 
ter, they might be made to weigh from 600 to 
irOO lbs. apiece. We (my father and I,) are 
engaged in breeding Devons, and iu this wav 
taken from the rick to the barn and tl • 1 G v>dietac ‘ r ' ,urils or stacks, would bo greatly directions except the one in which he wished P Iove Parable, the young plants will begin to our calves, at live to six months, invariably 
.. . .. . s 1011 I benefited by being built on a kind of temnn. the bees to sta. he not onlvKtrmnpri iLmn n;~L* .appear. At first they are very tender, and will weigh from 400 to 600 its. Tt wnrs in n.n 
in clear, dry, frosty weather. The ricks of 
wheat are universally placed on frames. These 
differ somewhat in their construction in <0iflc-r- 
eiit districts, but the most approved are made 
by placing a wooden circular frame work o:i 
stone pillars about three feet high, und capped 
with a circular stone having a flat lower side, 
ing built on a kind of tempo- the bees to go, he not only stopped their flight, ap P ear ' At Crst tlie y are very tender, and will weigh from 400 to 600 its. It seems to me 
rary frame work, made by laying sticks of cord but in less than three minutes had them sufelv need care 1,1 weeding, but in a few weeks will that for early beef, the extra weight, that is 
wood across each other till from one to two lodged in the fork of a tree. Mr. Goodhue becoinc h ar< Jy and tough like Lite locust from 300, as Mr. Crowell’s weighed, would 
met tbove tlm groui.d. All danger of damp- « a ys he halj never had a sK^ttn"escape him Cultivation should be continued throughout more than repay the extra expenses of letting 
ness from the ground would be avoided, and since he adopted this method.” j the beason, in order to secure as large a growth them suck the cows. * WC never let calves run 
the air would have a chance to permeate -►---- j as .possible. If convenient, late in the fall with cows, hut, keep them in a yard by theui- 
Pm escape him 
through the mass. A few cords of wood only 
-- UM.T1IJ- A* ii«iu 1U v\ Cl Bit It* | 11 . , . . , . . « 
expanding about four inches on all sides of the I r ^ f required, which would be just as 
upright pillar, so as to prevent mice and rats ! TT , ° r gra,n * WUS rciuovod “ 
from getting into the stack. But preventing j ^ 8 ° that lhc e ^ ense would be a niei '« 
the entrance of vermin is not the principal ! "__ . 9 _ 
ohject of having the ricks placed on frames, nniuva 
as some American writers on British agricul- 1 ‘ ( MANIRE. 
1« have ausertud; the greatudvuuluguur the Me. Lev, of Ih. Practical 
pl .,1 owing to the fact that when placed on Farmer, ha, politely complied with our - 
“ "n 0 " lra "" ! "■o*. «“> circuiutca : quest for a little more information resnccUtur 
tarongh tho entire nek, and grain that is in j the process of dissolving bones in snlplmtc oT 
«ly tolerable condmon when harvested, will, potash. The sulphate of potash was dissolved 
0 ebrnary or March,bo nearly asdry asonr in water, making a lye strong enough to float 
Uncsec Wheat. A rick that inn ..*_ ... , . ? .... 
THE OSAGE ORANGE, — NO. 1. 
they may be taken up, and after cutting off sdves ' nnd ^ ct Item suck regularly at morning 
- the tops to within an iucli of the routs, pack j und night. 
iriiix a few years, the attention of the away the roots with a little sand in a dry cel- s ' ,dm '’ Wa ) ne Co.,N. y. 
pobhc has been directed to .he Osage Orange, lar; .hey will then be ready for transportation T WrMIW in f»»m .« « 
at a suitable shrub for live fences or hedges. or spring planting-. GRAINS AND GRASSES,— NO. 6. 
le Osage Orange (Madura aurantiaca) If designed for use by the •/'•ower, they Corn (Zea Maize) 
is an American deciduous tree, growing wild be better to remain in the ground during v The varieties of corn are almost without 
die southwestern portion of the United ter, with such protection as has already been ' number, and yet these varieties always have 
'•s, in Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas, recommended. In the west anil other favora- ! some common and clearly defined characteristic 
S. A. Coij.ins. 
female ration of the ground will be necessary. Tiie pop corn of the North, growing not more than 
roots naturally grow very deep, enabling them I three feet high; or perchance he has seen the 
to stand severe droughts, and preventing dis- ! wild corn of the Rocky Mountains, each kernel 
•turbance by the plow in after years. If the j closely enveloped in its own separate husk, 
ground is hard, and they are forced to root on ; a,1( l growing only two or three feet high. All 
T ’ . , ‘ ‘ r~ # suuace ot each exposed. I'ho bones-mostly non of being durable. The male and female ration of the ground will be necessary. q'h e i pop corn of the North, growing not more than 
In stacking hay the British farmers are hornp.ths -were partially broken up, and flowers are on separate trees, the female tree roots naturally grow very deep, enabling them i three feet high; or perchance he has seen the 
equally pmtieuhir. I he bottom ol the nek packed into a forty gallon iron kettle, and hv bearing-fruit abundantly in a few years. The to stand severe droughts, and preventing dis-! wild corn of the Rocky Mountains, each kernel l 
consists of wood and straw from one to two Enough poured in to cover the bones. An fa round, rough, and of a greenish color, turbance by the plow in after years. If the ! closely enveloped in its own separate husk ! 
(1 11 lint IK- S f f l | S r i " , un . a "‘ |U ' } 10111 1 K ,0 !“ s M>1 "‘ g K ' mu mosi ot the piihi rarge as well-grown apples, and contains ground is hard, and they are forced to root on j and growing only two or three feet high. ^11 
for 1 -r .h! ° r( 8 °r P !’l Til. T b ‘ ,,l,n ff dl8,,ltc one to two hundred seeds each. The and near the surface, the hedge will fail of! the gradations, from this up to the majestic 
this all- ini O llU ' ll . ll<>UL ' 1 1 ' ‘ 01 ‘r r lat ' 10 . I,ll< U "U’ 08 ° t,lU *y wash- substance composing the ball is of a spongy, meeting the wants or just expectations of the corn of tho South Western valleys, is filled by ) 
n ■ ’ f, ( ,m the „ ■' f "t'" y r lf0< ? T 7 a"* "H , “ ZT’ !“ naci0 “ f ul : stanci; ’ a,ld each seed is planter. Unless the soil is deep and rich, a corn bearing kernels of all sizes and colors, but 
, ' 18 f,C * , y i,S : T ,77 aani1 " 0f th,s m a toUgh ’ llbroUS COVCrin - ,naki "S U diffi trench some three feet wide, and nearly as each containing the same nutritive principles, 
7,-Is H- le rr T ■' cultu. extract the seed and not injure its vital- Jeep, should be dug on the line where the though differing oomo in their propoLas, and 
mdl ! alou,Tr i ^ r 0,,, i I 1, IT’ ‘ e * a, “ ,nat,on '7» d « r - i, y- Many persons resort to scalding and high hedge fa to stand, and filled with well-rotted yielding to mail and beast a rich and luxurious } 
id are about h.ct m diameter and 4 feet gone only partial chunges-much of it bemg fermentation as the easiest method, but as manure, or compost and rich earth. This will -d. 
imdaip.ndieidousmtheey.ofngo^ still phosphate of lime; but there was an ex- either process generally renders the seed unfit involve some labor; but what is worth doimr In the cultivation of corn let the soil be dry >i 
anui't i ankce as tne lumbering four-horse cess of carbonate of lime, showing that a nor- for market mirchuscrs and dealers cummi ,. v , ,, . . , , . ,, , • , , .. ., , 
“ I’ U1 tor iiuuM-i, puiouu.'tis anu ueaiers cannot ex- at all is certainly worth doing well: and if the aiul rich, and thoroughly pulverized if possible. 
i i lem wagon, massive hainess, ponderous tion ot the bone hud been decomposed f l'lu- ercise too mueli care in the Keleetinw nf 11 *,. ... , , . , i i , 
I , - , . . .. „ , Y muse too mucii caie m me seteuioM ot the cultivator has not commenced with the design Avoid strong, heavy day, and poor or wet 
booted driver 1-1me* omT' V . 10< <c< 1 ),0 P 01 10,1 ° ( - u ' t, " uto 0 nne is found to seeds. of doing everything in the best manner, now is soils. Corn luxuriates in a deep, rich, vergin ! 
with cut stmw or eh Id i if “ . diller materially ini d.flerent samples of bones, The plant has proved to he hardy enough tt g00 d time to abandon all hope and labor, for mould, such as we find in the South-west. < , 
thp ‘ f . ’ i • 1 f L ," 1,riK "! ai “ l fa( l •. JA( ' KS0N tound a «f reuler for cultivation, and to stand the climate of not any ot ber course will only end in disappoint- In Western New York the best preparation > | 
the u ntie of the rick, placing the hay around proportion than usual, ,s not “ positive proof” only the Middle, but of the Eastern States; ment 1 for corn is to break up a rich clover sod in the < i 
in' mL ir' 11 :,!- 11 l-^r ", 'O V 1 IMS, t lat an) ili.mge had taken place; and there though it has been found necessary to protect 1 ’i.antino the Hedge. This may be done spring just previous to planting, not forgetting j 
«iiwl nkAnl •) r.nl • ' ,1 • a | I I* i | i’ll . , . . ” W O' 19 ID HUU1U, UIIU IIIXL'U » I 111 WUIl-rOll (i 
I .. t n diameter and 4 feet gone only part,al cl.unges-mueh of it being fermentation as the easiest method, but as manure, or compost and rich earth. This will 
andai^.inhcidousmtheey.o.ago. still phosphate ol lime; but there was an ex- either process generally renders the seed unfit involve some labor; but what is worth doing 
illHll'i 1 lLIIkCft ns till* II nn HH'inrr mill'- mi'cn n i*l m mu i v ( 1 1 r 11 < i 4 K ..4 .. . ... i* . t ...... 1 i 1 
the centre of the rick, placing the hay around proportion than usual, is not “positive proof” only the Middle, but of the Eastern States; 
it, and drawing up the sack as the rick rises; that any change had taken place; and there though it has been found necessary to protect 
in this way a chimney is formed from the hot- are several reasons why we should expect that them in the nursery, and in the young hedge- 
tom to the top of the rick, and all injury from no phosphate of potash would be found, but row, by a layer of straw or evergreen bushes 
heating is avoided. I 11 stacking clover this our space forbids them mention. scattered over them during the winter. After 
plan is frequently adopted, as the thick, succu- Mr. B. refers again to his attempt to decom- they have attained one year’s good growth in 
* nt stems of the plant are difficult to cure; pose bones by the aid of moist, unleached ashes, tl ,e hedge, this precaution will not be necessa- 
mt,. when sprinkled with salt and properly ven- and says:—“ We are now sorry to say that this >7- The plants of the Osage Orange are nat- 
tilated in the rick it comes out, excellent, hay, experiment did not meet our expectations.— urully very thrifty, free growing, attaining, in 
and is pieferrod for horses and sheep to the We think it requires a very equable state of favorable locations, to five und six feet in 
any other course will oul 
ment. 
Planting the Hedge. 
disappoint- 
This may be done 
any time after the warm weather commences ,0 Gaul on it all the manure you have to spare, 
in the spring. The plants should he prepared ;lI1<1 if it is fresh it makes but little difference, 
for setting, by shortening the roots to within for a general fermentation takes place before 
eight or nine inches, and the top to within one corn requires their aid. Corn must have 
inch of the root Select those of a uniform the richest soil and careful culture for a large 
best timothy or English meadow hay, aud com- moisture in the ashes for a long time to decom- height in one season. This renders them well 
size as the best to be planted together; stretch or premium crop. 
a line where the row is to stand, and set out The selection of seed should always be 
the plants not more than ten inches apart, in a made in the fall, and with the utmost care 
‘ „ \ \ P ‘ , l*ose them.” This is in accordance with our adapted to the formation of hedges, as in three uu i| y> thus * * * * * making them a part of the husk remain attached to the ear 
Wo allude to these practices of our trans- own experience, not only with ashes, but in to live years, with proper cultivation und care foot ftpurt in each row. To prevent moles and then braid or tie them up in small truss* 
AL uitic brethren, not for the purpose of re- disintegrating them with peat or any ferment- in pruning and training, they will make a su- from burrowing nnder the hedge, set the plants or bunches, and hang them up in a drv place, 
omnieiiding their adoption l.erc-our superior mg mass. Mr. Bartlett adds:--* The avidity I«nor hedge. For the. first two or three years, three or four ilichcs ]oviVV than (ho ai(loH) 80 a , where they will be free from vermin. ' Those 
climate rendering them umiecossary—but sin.- with which our cows and young cattle seize young shoots and ends of the branches to leave the ground a little “dl-hiug” toward the who do not take great care in selecting and 
ply to call the attention of our mtelhgent farm- upon old bones, and ‘chaw’ them for the half will be injured by frost, but not to the injury row . Thi8 1S fouud effectual. The ground saving all kinds of seeds used on their farms, 
,,r 10 KU •{ C . ° Kll0 ' 1 "b la y am giain. horn together, at all seasons of the year, has the fence. should bo well cultivated during the season, or do not deserve the name of farmer, 
lv | aU .]- K \ l '| <L 1 vt ' 111,1 1 os piovd binl- long since satisfied us, that there was a deli- Preparing and Sowing the Seed. I’er- if mulched deeply with cut straw, leaves, saw- In the preparation of com for planting, it is 
i \ 11,1,1 /’ M ‘ l <>,>xS 1S 8Usluillt< ') l d, “ ■ eieuey ol phosphates in the soil of our farm, haps as good a way, and by many preferred, dust or tan-bark, they will require no further a common practice to steep or soak the seed 
in” 1 y .“T, " iail \ wi ;| ,ala I , - 10um -' vlUll( ' ,h ; lo leinedy this e\il, us fur as practicable, we particularly at the North, is to procure the attention till the following spring, when the in some kind of solution; und the best that 
frel > ii a , * mW , mU ;. V ; n,, > r> liml Gave, Ini a number of yeara, collected bonesin seed in tho fall, and mix with moist sand, put pruning must commence. has been tried, I think, is the following:—Make 
1 y 10 evui ait. .n 0 is 1 Lunars considerable quantities, from various sources; thorn in the coldest place you have, as on the Should any of the plants fuil to grow, their a strong soap-suds, by dissolving saltpetre in 
single line, thus, 
uully, thus * 
* or diago- either at the time of husking, or before. Let 
making them a part of the husk remain attached to the ear, 
foot apart in each row. To prevent moles and then braid or tie them up in small trusses 
from burrowing under the hedge, set the plants or bunches, and hang them up in a dry place, 
three or four inches lower than the sides, so as where they will be free from vermin. Those 
to leave the ground a little “di.-hing" toward the who do not take great care in selecting and 
row. This is found effectual. 'I'ho ground saving all kinds of seeds used ou their farms, 
should be well cultivated during the season, or do not deserve the name of farmer, 
if mulched deeply with cut straw, leaves, saw- In the preparation of corn for planting, it is 
