MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
Lead is very extensively used for aqueducts, ) 
and yet many who wisli to have water convey- ) 
ed to their dwellings and out-buildings, are y 
afraid to use it. Its durability—the ease with T 
which it is bent into any direction to accom- l 
modate curvature, render it valuable for this ( 
purpose, and perhaps, in a mechanical point of ( 
view, nothing better could be obtained. The / i 
great drawback to its use is the danger which 1 1 
accompanies it, of its becoming corroded orBfl 
dissolved by the water, and thus poisoning tb^Hj 
water conveyed in it, and rendering it unfit F 
use. Although pure water would not act^H^H 
lead, and render it poisonous, (for all the s<BBS 
lions of lead are more or less poisonous,) 
every fountain is liable to become impure,B|H| 
have some kind of saline matters incorpora^HBB 
with it, and thereby give* it the power of a< ’'^Egfp 
on the lead, and causing the water to bcc^BB| 
deleterious to health. For this reason 
material has been sought for from wlmjflBB 
manufacture tubes, oFpiping as it is soijK^&K^| 
called, for this purpose!^* 
1 > ut,: a Fere ha has bec^»opted in mfl 
dances for this, purpose, a^Jound *oB[ 
LIST OF PATENT CLAUS 
Issued from the United States Patent Office, 
For the week ending June 20, 1854. 
The Mass. Ilort. Society have published a 
report adverse to the practice of “ scraping 
and washing trees,” so generally recommended 
by our leading authorities on the subject. A 
committee was appointed to inquire into its 
“ uses and abuses,” and after a thorough exam¬ 
ination, they came to the following, among 
other conclusions, which are well supported by 
arguments: 
1st. The scraping off the outside bark of 
fruit, and ornamental trees, and washing and 
plastering them with lime and other prepara¬ 
tions, in the hope of benefiting the trees by 
the destruction of parasites and insects injuri¬ 
ous to vegetation, and of improving their gen¬ 
eral appearance, is declared to be of no advan¬ 
tage to the tree, (1) from its inability to affect 
the majority of insects which 
Edwin Allen, of South Windham, Conn., for 
improved veneer polisher. 
Uabriel Blondin, New York, for improvement 
in processes for treating paint. 
Gabriel Blondin, New York, for improvement 
in paint compositions. 
Jos. Bone, Warrenton, Ohio, for improvement 
in grain winnowers. 
Chas. J. Harris, Holyoke, Mass., for improve¬ 
ment in producing continuous circular from re¬ 
ciprocating rectilinear motion. 
Nathan Johnson, Noblesville, Ind., for im¬ 
provement in the mode of moulding bricks. 
Anson Merriman, Middletown, Ct, for im¬ 
provement in steam engine regulators. 
Charles Parker, Meridan, Ct., for improve¬ 
ment in cast iron vises. 
S. Brock way Robinson, Oswego, for machine 
for dry ing grain. 
Jos. R. Winchester, Medina, N. Y., for im¬ 
proved mode of raising and letting fall carriage 
tops. 
are really injuri¬ 
ous; and (2) unnecessary in the case of lichens 
and mosses, they being not the cause but the 
consequence ot disease and decay; and (3) a 
positive violation of the laws of vegetable 
physiology, and, consequently, an injury to all 
trees, (but to ornamental ones in particular.) 
id. Lichens and mosses, in a healthy state 
of the tree, are, as far as can be ascertained, 
no injury to the bark, but from their varied 
colors form one of its cheapest ornaments.— 
Any operations for their removal are both un¬ 
necessary and injurious. 
3d. As bark-lice, woolly aphis, and some 
borers lay their eggs and hatch their young 
upon the bark of apples, pears, peaches and 
maples, near the ground in the forks of the 
branches, a gentle rubbing with some pliable 
but stiff wire or other brush on the parks af¬ 
fected, to be followed by a washing with weak, 
soft, or whale oil soap sm! . is desirable, and 
«, II ine -re rralIv pres- 
but if they arc not clearly so, it should not 
be permitted, as it is both •costly and useless. 
Another res<«lution denounces the use of ill- | 
kaimewashes 
J. J. Thomas, in his work on Farm Imple¬ 
ments, just issued by the Harpers, thus speaks 
of the improvement of Agricultural Machin¬ 
ery, and the advantages which would accrue to 
farmers from a more intimate acquaintance 
with mechanical principles: 
“The improvement of farm machines and 
tools within the last fifty years has probably 
enabled the farmer to effect twice as much 
work with the same force of horses and ineu. 
Plows turn up the soil deeper, more evenly 
and perfectly, and with greater ease of draught; 
hoes and spades have become lighter aud more 
efficient; grain, instead of being beaten out by 
the slow and laborious work of the flail, is 
now showered in torrents from the thrashing- 
machine; horse-rakes accomplish singly the 
work of many men using the old hand-rake; 
twelve to twenty acres of ripe grain are neatly 
cut in one day with a two-horse reaper; wheat 
drills, avoiding the tiresome drudgery of sow¬ 
ing by hand, are materially increasing the 
amount of the wheat crop; while a few farm¬ 
ers are making a large yearly saving by the 
application of horse-power to sawing wood, 
churning, driving washing-machines, and even 
to ditching. A celebrated English farmer has 
lately accomplished even more; for, by means 
of a steam engine of six-horse power, he drives 
a pair of mill-stones for grinding feed, thrashes 
aud cleans grain, elevates and bags it, pumps 
water for cattle, cuts straw, turns the grind- 
HAMPTON’S RARERIPE PEACH. 
This new peach was produced from a stone 
of the Morris White Itareripe, purchased in 
New York city sixteen years ago. The stone 
did not germinate until the second year, when 
the produce was a tree of uncommon vigor. 
It was several years in coming into bearing, 
but has not disappointed expectations since 
that period. 
The fruit is of very large size. Some speci¬ 
mens have measured eleven aud three-quarter 
inches in circumference. It parts freely from 
its drab stone. In quality, it is of the very 
finest, being veiVsweet and rich;—in these re¬ 
spects surpassing all peaches vrithin mvknowl- 
A correspondent of the Maine Farmer, 
who writes from Hampden, describes a disease 
with which his orchard is infected. Pie says 
his trees look most beautifully in the fore part 
of the summer, until the apples become about 
the size of robins’ eggs, when a kind of black 
mould or blight seizes upon them and spreads 
over them, most effectually putting a stop to 
the growth wherever it prevails. One side of 
an apple touched with it will be black and 
scabby, and open with two or three large 
cracks, while the other side of the same apple 
will continue to grow, and be fair and hand- 
In some instances I have known the 
sqme. 
entire,fruit of a tree to be covered with this 
biacif malady, the fruit of all sizes from that 
of rrraskel balls to that of hen’s eggs with the 
exception oY'perhaps two or three near the 
ends of limbs, "which were stretched away oil' 
remote from the body of the tree; these would 
be large, fair and handsome, showing what 
others would’have beeu if they could have 
had their own way about it. \Ie says that for 
the last seven or eight years he mo had apples 
enough in number, if unmolested fcy this dis¬ 
ease, to amount to some GOO bushels a year on 
an average, instead of which he has goiNbut 
about 150 bushels, two-thirds of them hardly 
fit for the hogs to eat.B 
edge. — TaC - i.Yiv ?■ maturity is the first of 
September, and ripens gradually for two weeks. 
The tree is of great vigor; and before it suf¬ 
fered severely (a few years since) from a sieet 
storm, the extent of its branches exceeded 29 
feet in diameter, the circumference of its body 
30 inches, and some of the annual rings expos¬ 
ed by this injury were near an inch in width. 
It is proper to state that this tree stands in an 
uncultivated soil. The blossoms of this fruit 
are small and pale; the leaves finely serrated. 
Dudley, HStrdin Co., Ohio. WM. C. HAMPTON. 
or preparations as injurious. 
The Report is drawn up by R. M. Cope¬ 
land, and its conclusions are endorsed by 
Geo. R. Emerson, the learned author of the 
'Frees of Massachusetts, and by Mr. Sucker- 
man, who has made the subject of Lichens his 
particular study. We thus notice them to call 
out the experience of our readers on the sub¬ 
ject. For ourselves, our trees have never been 
scraped or washed, so we know nothing of the 
benefits of the practice.—it. 
He has sometimes ob¬ 
served it on the leaves of the trees about the 
time the fruit is attacked. The'same phenom¬ 
enon appears, whether liid trees are old or en¬ 
grafted. The editor of the Farmer says the 
disease is entirely new to him. It is not new 
to us, for we have known the fruit of particu¬ 
lar trees infected with this disease from our 
earliest recollection of playing under the apple 
trees. We have generally attributed the effect 
to some peculiarity of the variety, but in most 
instances which we now recollect the heart of 
the tree was dead and water-soaked.— Farm¬ 
ington Chronicle. 
GENESEE VALLEY HORTICULTURAL SHOW, 
From the practice which I know to be quite 
prevalent, of farmers depending upon the seeds¬ 
men for their annual stock of garden seeds, (or 
perchance their ' more patient and careful 
neighbors,) I judge that gathering seeds is con¬ 
sidered a perplexing and tiresome operation. 
When the farmer saves his own seed he knows 
it to be of a certain kind, he knows it to be 
good and fresh, and is consequently never sub¬ 
jected to the inconveuience of sowing seed 
which will not grow. The smaller kinds of 
seeds, and all such as grow in pods or balls 
which open of themselves when ripe, aud scat¬ 
ter their seeds, are the most vexatious, and yet 
with a little care may be saved with less 
trouble than any other. This may seem para¬ 
doxical, but the modus operandi is on this 
wise. When the seed is ripe and just scat¬ 
tering, and the plants are dry and clean, take 
a common dust-pan, and holding it underneath 
one side ofthe plants, bend them over the duster 
with the other hand and rap them, and the seed 
will fall out clean and free from any of the pods or 
chaff. Portulacca, and many of the smaller 
flower seeds, I have found it difficult to save in 
any other way, but in this way I get the best 
of the seed and perfectly clean. If much seed 
is required, and it is not sufficiently ripe at one 
time, the operation may be repeated without 
injury to the plants, but usually the amount of 
seed of any one kind which a family garden 
requires may be saved by a single operation. 
West Bloomfield, N. Y., 1854. W. B. 
The summer exhibition ofthe Genesee Val¬ 
ley I lorticultural Society, took place at Roch¬ 
ester, on Saturday last, June 24. The show 
of Roses, Cherries, and Strawberries, was ex¬ 
ceedingly fine. Elc.wanger A Barry exhibit¬ 
ed 224 varieties of Rose3, 33 of Strawberries, 1G 
ot Cherries, together with a tine collection of 
Reonias, Phloxes, Ac. 
A. Frost A Co. exhibited a fine collection 
of green-house planks, together with 227 varie¬ 
ties of Roses, 2 of Gloxinia, 18 of Gooseber¬ 
ries, Ac. 
Samuei, Moui.son exhibited a very choice 
collection of Roses, containing 110 varieties. 
John Donnellan A Nephew, J. C. Ryan A 
Co., Bisskll A Hooker, A. Loomis, of Byron, 
aud several other nurserymen exhibited largely. 
In the amateur list, J. A. Eastman, of Roch¬ 
ester, exhibited.68 varieties of Roses. D. C. 
Greeni.eaf, of Brockport, a fine collection of 
Roses, Lettuces, Gooseberries, Ac. The latter 
were the finest on exhibition, and entirely free 
from mildew. Mr. G. informed us that he ore- 
Shortening-in Lima Beans and Squashes. 
—The Granite Farmer states that clipping 
the shoots of Lima beans, when about six feet 
high, produces an abundant crop, the beans 
ripening in August. Squashes, the vines of 
which were nipped after two or three squashes 
had formed, were larger and ripened better.— 
By cutting out the early bearing branches, a 
succession of squashes was obtained through 
the summer. Tomatoes which grew on an ex¬ 
cessively rich piece of ground were benefited by 
shortening, new and more vigorous shoots suc¬ 
cessfully pushing out in place of those which 
were clipped. 
A Phenomenon. —There is, on the farm of 
Sylvester Cummings, Esq., of Boxford, a sweet- 
apple tree that has this season presented a 
very singular phenomenon. In a branch cov¬ 
ered with the usual foliage and blossoms, there 
is at its extremity a cluster of four blossoms 
resembling the rose; the color white, but rath¬ 
er larger than the common variety. Its per¬ 
fume is similar to that of the apple-blossom, 
and it has been in bloom upwards of a fort¬ 
night, and a few days since it was as fragrant 
as ever. The tree has attracted considerable 
attention from its singular appearance.— Bos¬ 
ton Cult. 
French Rolls for Breakfast. —1 pint of 
flour, whites of 3 eggs, table-spoonful of but¬ 
ter, 2 large spoonfuls of fresh yeast; milk 
enough to make it stiff dough. Let it rise 
over night. 
COOLING SODA WATER. 
A. M. Deniq, of Columbus, Ohio, has made 
a very useful improvement, in the cooling of 
liquors, such as soda water, whereby consider¬ 
able ice is saved. It consists in the arrange¬ 
ment of a single-flued copper chamber, inside 
of a non-conductor similar to an ordinary wa¬ 
ter cooler, and placing the whole apparatus 
upon the counter instead of under it. The ice 
being placed in the Hue (which is of sufficient 
capacity) keeps the soda water always cold at 
the place where it is drawn. The stop-cock 
inside of the non-conducting chamber, is at¬ 
tached to the cooling chamber on one side, and 
the exit pipe on the other,—thus drawing eve¬ 
ry glass of soda from immediate proximity to 
the ice. The saving of ice in the use of this 
improvement is said to be nearly 62 per cent, 
over any other mode, twenty pounds being 
amply sufficient to run a fountain any day du¬ 
ring the season, To those who do not contin¬ 
ually draw soda, and to whom saving ice is any 
object, this apparatus is no doubt a valuable 
acquisition.— Sci. Am. 
Cake Yeast. —Take a spoonful or two of 
brewer's or distiller’s yeast, or if it can be had, 
a yeast cake left from a previous supply, 
which should then be thoroughly dissolved in 
a little water. Stir this into a pretty thick 
sponge of flour and warm water, and let it 
stand till night. Boil a handful of hops down 
strong and strain, stir in flour while boiling hot, 
till you have a stiff batter, let this cool to 
blood heat, then stir in the sponge and let it 
stand till perfectly light, when Indian meal 
should be added, enough to make a stiff dough. 
Roll it out, cut into cakes half an inch thick, 
and lay them on a board and dry about tea 
days, in the shade, turning them each morning. 
Keep them hung up in a close bag and they 
will remain good for years. A little boiled 
potato improves the sponge.— Ohio. Cult. 
A New and Beautiful Tree in Oregon.— 
A Mr. Brooks, writing from Olympia, Oregon, 
says:—“A strange and beautiful tree has late¬ 
ly been found here, which is from one to seven 
feet high, with a leaf resembling that of the 
pear, and the trunk and branches those of the 
orange. The upper side of the leaf is coated 
with gum, of ttie consistence of oil, and it is 
highly fragrant, the odor resembling that of 
bergamot or ripe fruit It will be highly orna¬ 
mental and a desirable addition to our gardens, 
as it is an evergreen.” 
Mulching Gooseberries.— An article is go¬ 
ing the rounds of the papers, showing the ad¬ 
vantages of mulching gooseberries—that it is 
a remedy for mildew, Ac. Now, we would say 
to the writer of that article, and to those eop-y 
ing it, as well as every reader of it, that it is 
necessary to the successful cultivation of small 
fruits, that they should all he mulched —the 
gooseberry, the raspberry, the blackberry, the 
currant, and even the strawberry—the latter 
with tan. To attempt to cultivate small fruits 
without mulching, will assuredly fail, after the 
first year or two, as we have found to our cost; 
but with careful, repeated mulching—it mat¬ 
ters little what the material is—it will be next 
to impossible to fail, provided, of course, that 
the other necessary attention is bestowed.— 
YVe don’t know what a mildewed gooseberry 
is, since adopting this method, and propagating 
the English Silver Vanity, (we believe it is 
called.)— Me. Farmer. 
Mildew Stains— Are very difficult to re¬ 
move from linen. The most effectual way is 
to rub soap oil the spots, then chalk and bleach 
Ihe garment in the hot sun. i 
ureaves, rarmer, near In orthwood-heath Gate, New Churn.— Ransom Markham, of Cale- 
parish of Kings Norton, turned sixteen cows donia, N. Y., has made an improvement on 
into one ot his meadows, where a quantity**)! churns which consists in making the bottom 
sailron grows. AH the animals were imrnedi 0 f the dasher with a series of angular recesses 
ately taken ill, and eleven died in the course of ( f or forcing the cream towards the sides of the 
the same day. ft orcester ( Lag.) Chron. j churn, causing it to rise aud roll upon top of 
• ■ -- the dasher as it (the dasher) is lowered. The 
A correspondent of the Gardeners’ Chron- dasher has also two valves which open as it is 
icle, says: — “Everyone finds great difficulty raised, and allow the cream which was forced 
in keeping garden seats more than a year with- through the angular recesspp upon the top of 
out constant painting. Gutta-percha thinly i the.ulasher, to escape and mass under the bot- 
laid on, and turned round the sides and nailed, tefnrqf the dasher ready Cpr the return stroke, 
will last forever; it looks garden like, and c oats^ f Measures have been taken^to secure a patent 
no more than one painting.” —Sci. T 
Tomato Sauce. —Peel and slic-> twelve 
matoes, picking out the seeds; add thretsJ 
dered crackers, pepper and salt 
stew twenty minutes. 
YVe arc indebted to 0. C. 0 f p en fiel(T, 
N- Y r ., for some fine cherries, produced by 
grafting a Black Tartarian on H Yellow 
Spanish stock. The cherries are luv^ e , beau- 
til ully mottled, aud of good flavor. 
Flowers.— A few—if only a very few— 
should be about every farm-house. They are 
pleasant to the children and to the traveler as 
lie passes; and it will promote your own hap¬ 
piness to see others happy. 
Use hard soap to wash yourl 
soft, to wash your floors. Soft sJ 
pery that it wastes a good deal] 
clothes. 
