MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
<Srx|arfo m b datkn. 
TIIE CHERRY OR PEAR SLUG. 
Tiie Slimy Slug (Selandria Cerasi) is 
known to most fruit-growers as a destructive 
enemy of pear and cherry trees. They make 
their first appearance in June or July, and a 
second brood afterwards ; and seem often to 
come all at once, and in such numbers as to 
make it a work of much difficulty to destroy 
them. They are a small, slimy, dark-brown 
slug, about a quarter of an inch in length, 
shaped somewhat like a tad-pole, only the tail 
ends more bluntly ; and generally appear on 
the upper surface of the leaves, greedily de¬ 
vouring the parenchyma, or parts of the leaves 
between the ribs, and leaving the leaf upon 
which they have preyed, like a piece of coarse¬ 
ly woven gauze in appearance, and soon, if nu¬ 
merous, completely stopping the growth of the 
tree. Stocks for budding, says the “Fruit 
Garden,” require careful watching, for a day or 
two of these slugs may prevent them from be¬ 
ing worked that season. 
The slug, as well as many other insects, can 
be destroyed by syringing with whale oil soap 
suds, or tobacco water, pretty liberally. Dust¬ 
ing with fine earth, ashes, or slaked lime, will 
also put an end to their ravages. The follow¬ 
ing is the method recommended for applying 
the latter, which seems well calculated to be 
effective :—“ Take a piece of very coarse cot¬ 
ton cloth, say twenty inches square, and tie up 
the coruers of it, enclosing one or two quarts 
of air-slaked lime, or unleached ashes, therein, 
and make it secure to the end of a long, light 
pole. In the morning, while the dew is on, 
elevate the sack above the topmost branches 
of the tree, striking the end of the pole with a 
small mallet occasionally, and moving the pole 
or sack about till every leaf is finely dusted 
over with the lime or ashes. This operation 
need not be repeated if once thoroughly per¬ 
formed. The time requisite for a full grown 
tree is not over five minutes.” 
The “ Fruit Garden” prefers lime or ashes 
to dust, as more certain, and recommends going 
over the trees repeatedly, to be sure that none 
escape. Like the aphis, they are generally the 
most troublesome in warm and dry seasons.— 
All horticultural writers describe the slug in 
nearly the same terms, and prescribe remedies 
similar to those given above.— b. 
A FRENCH FLORAL EXHIBITION. 
Stk^sbouru, June izni, 10 .-. 0 . 
Mr. Moore: —I have just returned from a 
Floral Exposition by the Horticultural Society 
of the Bas-Rhin, and it has occurred to me 
that many of your reader’s might be interested 
in a short account of it. The Exposition was 
held in a large hall in this city, and the decora¬ 
tions of the apartment and the arrangement of 
the flowers were such as to do honor to French 
taste. The collection of Geraniums was very 
rich—several hundred specimens of every con¬ 
ceivable hue. Among them were many of the 
celebrated* five-spotted, or Odier Geraniums. 
The Rose tribe was represented by two hundred 
trees, all in blossom, and comprising everything 
novel and beautiful. Many of them were 
grafts upon Eglantine stocks, and some of the 
roses thus produced presented a very singular 
appearance, the blossoms being large and full, 
but upon stems not more than four inches high. 
A gold medal, thirty dollars in value, was 
awarded to the exhibitor of this collection of 
roses, and one of twenty dollars to the collec¬ 
tion of geraniums mentioned above. 
There was a great variety of Calceolarias, 
the soft, velvet blossoms running through all 
shades of color, from the darkest crimson to a 
pale straw-color, dappled with brown. One 
peculiarity in these flowers would serve to in¬ 
dicate that nature is parsimonious of her color¬ 
ing material. All the richly-tinted blossoms 
are small, while those of a paler color are more 
generous in size. 
The prize proposed for the most new and 
meritorious flowering-plant, w r as gained by the 
Medinella Magnifica and the Displacus Cali- 
fornicus, conjointly. The former has been re¬ 
cently introduced from Java, belongs to the 
family of the Melastomacea, and displays a 
magnificent rose-colored blossom. The Dis¬ 
placus Californicus, as its name implies, comes 
from the land of gold. It is a graceful plant, 
of moderate size, with large flowers of a beau¬ 
tiful salmon color. It can be cultivated in the 
open air, and remains in blossom a long time. 
A celebrated horticulturist of Paris, M. 
Verdiers, sent a large collection of cut 
peonies — no less than twenty-nine varieties 
There was also a large collection of English 
pansies, some very remarkable in color,—sev¬ 
eral approaching very nearly to the tan-color 
which was so much in vogue for ladies’ dresses 
two or three years ago. By the way, fashion 
is not without its voice in horticulture, as in 
most other matters. The plants most sought 
after at present, are those of the cone-bearing 
and fern tribes. No less than one hundred 
and eighty-six distinct varieties of the former 
class were exhibited, and of the latter ninety. 
There does not seem to be any particular 
beauty in the coniferae, except to decorate a 
winter garden, in the absence of other vegeta¬ 
tion ; but the ferns are certainly exceedingly 
graceful, and produce a very pleasing and pic¬ 
turesque effect when intermingled with flower¬ 
ing shrubs, the larger kinds being used to fill 
up the background. There were several va¬ 
rieties of the delicate fern, called with us 
“ Maiden’s-hair,” from the shining brown stem 
which distinguishes it. These were very pretty, 
and seemed to take to their new location very 
kindly. The native ferns, or brakes, which 
fill the forests of the State of New York in 
such profusion are, some of them, much hand¬ 
somer than any I saw in this Exposition, and 
those who cultivate flowers would do well to 
add them to their collections. 
One of the attractions of the hall was a fine 
pitcher-plant, which displayed, in great perfec¬ 
tion, several of the curious appendages that 
characterize this remarkable production of na¬ 
ture. I noticed a fine collection of garden 
cutlery; also some furniture for green-houses 
and conservatories, consisting of flower-stands, 
baskets, chandeliers, arm-chairs, caiLsenses , &c.> 
all in iron, and very light and graceful. 
A variety of bouquets completed the exhi¬ 
bition. These were not as beautiful as I ex¬ 
pected to find. I even had the vanity to think 
I could have made as pretty myself. Still, one 
of them received a silver medal; and as French 
taste is not to be disputed, I will not venture 
to disparage them further. 
One feature in the closing-up of this Exhi¬ 
bition would be rather novel to an American 
public. Some hundred and fifty plants were 
distributed by lottery, each ticket of admission 
to the Exposition being also a ticket for the 
lottery. But government in France, so far 
from condemning lotteries, takes them under 
its especial patronage, and frequently resorts 
to them for the accomplishment of public 
works. A lottery scheme is now posted up 
about the city, undertaken by government for 
the purpose of erecting a statue to Joan of 
Arc at llhiems, the place of her cruel execu¬ 
tion. 
The weather here, as in fact throughout 
France and Spain, is at present very unfavora¬ 
ble. There have been almost constant rains 
for three weeks, the rivers are all very much 
swollen, and the level country about Paris, is 
bordering upon a state of inundation. Great 
fears are entertained of serious injury to the 
crops. If a dearth of bread should be added 
to the commercial difficulties which the war 
has already caused, there could not fail to be 
much suffering amuug roc poorer classes, m. 
London Currants. —A writer in the Horti¬ 
culturist speaks of the fine currants of the 
market-gardens near London, which are grown 
in the following manner : They are planted in 
rows twenty or thirty feet apart, and three or 
four feet apart in the rows ; the ground, which 
is naturally good, is highly manured, and crop¬ 
ped between with vegetables. When the 
plants commence bearing, they are pruned 
very hard ; the greater part of the young wood 
is thinued out, and what is allowed to remain is 
shortened back to two or three inches. By 
this means the trees are always kept short, 
never attaining a greater height than two or 
three feet. These strong-manured and well- 
pruned trees produce magnificent fruit, and in 
great abundance, well remunerating the market 
gardener for his trouble. 
Pruning Tomato and Other Vines. —It 
has been recommended in this and other agri¬ 
cultural journals, to shorten in tomato plants 
and the vines of cucumbers, squashes, and Li¬ 
ma beans, so as to iuduee earlier bearing, and 
prevent the strength of the vine going so 
largely to foliage, &c. It is a valuable hint; 
but it should bo remembered that the practice 
may be carried too far, and all the fruit ripened 
at once, instead of continuing to form as long 
as the season will permit. A few plants might 
be pruned pretty closely, if fruit a few’ days 
earlier was thought desirable. 
Setting out Evergreens. —A subscriber 
says he had no luck in transplanting evergreens, 
and inquires the best time and mode of doing 
it. The best time for setting out evergreens 
is in the spring and fall, when orher trees are 
set out. As for luck, that depends upon your¬ 
self. We used to have no luck in this busi¬ 
ness, until we found out that the roots of an 
evergreen never ought to see. day light It is 
true that they will live somerimes when the 
roots have been exposed to sun and air. But 
they should either be taken up with a good 
ball of dirt about them or immediately wrap¬ 
ped up in wet moss or something similar, and 
so kept until planted again.—,1/e. Farmer. 
RAISING GARDEN SEEDS. 
A good lesson is contained in the following 
paragraph from an exchange : 
“ Some years since, in pulling my English 
turnips (raised from imported seed), though a 
great yield, they ran too much to tops, with 
dishing crowns. Finding one only, with a 
small top and small root, shaped like two sau¬ 
cers put together, I preserved it for seed, and 
the next year sowed what 1 got from it, among 
my potatoes, then beginning to be affected 
with disease. They mostly died ; but I got 
seventy-five bushels of turnips, “ true to the 
seed.” I saved and set out eight bushels of the 
most beautiful I ever saw. This was in Spring- 
field. All who saw them admired them, and 
spoke for some of the seed, which I circulated 
freely at $1 the pound. Tops barely enough 
to pull up the single root, not much bigger 
than a pipe-stem. They were as good as hand¬ 
some. All this goes to encourage me in se¬ 
lecting the best roots, and employing the best 
means possible for obtaining the very best 
seed, from which to secure the reward for best 
care and culture of the orchard, field and garden. 
LATE SOWN VEGETABLES. 
Some of the greatest delicacies for table use 
may be obtained from quite late sowings. We 
can speak most positively in regard to turnips. 
Both the round and the flat turnip may be 
sown at any time in July or August, and we 
have known them come to considerable maturity 
in a season in which there were no early frosts, 
when sown in the first week of September.— 
Special pains should be taken to enrich the 
soil, for in this way we secure two objects—the 
more rapid growth of the plant, and a sweeter 
and more tender vegetable. We suppose it is 
generally known that the more rapid the 
growth of this and several other vegetables, 
the more mild and tender they are to the taste. 
Cabbages, onions, radishes, squashes, cauli¬ 
flowers, are all much more delicate in flavor, 
and agreeable to the palate when grown freely 
and rapidly, than w’hen their growth is stinted 
and slow. Cucumbers and celery may also be 
added to the above named, as being much mild¬ 
er when grown rapidly than when of slow 
growth. Some of these may be raised late in 
the season, as well as turnips, so as to supply 
the table with the delicacies of spring and 
summer until quite late in the fall and winter. 
CURRANT WINE. 
Here is a recipe for making currant wine, 
worth, to any of our subscribers who have a 
bushel of currants, at least two year’s subscrip¬ 
tion to the Journal. We had an opportunity 
of tasting wine made after it, which was of] 
such excellent quality, that we could not resist 
the temptation of publishing the recipe. Here 
11 li>5 UjT it ana \j tixv i. 
To one quart of ripe currant juice add three 
pounds of the very best while sugar, (the finer 
the quality the better,) and to this add as much 
water as will, with the juice and sugar, make a 
gallon. Put the mixture into a keg or demi¬ 
john, leaving it open for two weeks, or until the 
fermentation subsides; then cork it up tightly, 
and let it remain quiet for five months, when it 
will be fit for use, and may be racked off into 
bottles.— Pa. Farm Jour. 
A gentleman who has had much experience 
in making currant, raspberry and grape wines, 
says the above recipe is a good one, but that 
clear wine cannot be made in a demijohn. It 
should be put in a keg or cask which it will 
just fill, so that as it ferments the scum will run 
off. When the fermentation ceases, cork it 
tightly and let it stand five or six mouths, and 
then draw it off for bottling by tapping near 
the bottom, being careful not to disturb the 
sediment— Eds. Rural. 
To Dry Cherries. —To every five pounds 
of the stoned fruit weigh one pound of refined 
sugar ; put the fruit into the pan, with very lit¬ 
tle water, and make both scalding hot; take 
the fruit out and immediately dry them ; put 
them into the pan again, strewing the sugar be¬ 
tween each layer of cherries ; let it stand to 
melt, then set the pan on the fire, and make 
scalding hot as before ; take it off, and repeat 
this three times with sugar ; drain them from 
the syrup, and lay them singly to dry on 
dishes, in the sun or on a stove. When dry, 
put them into a sieve, dip it into a pan of cold 
water, and draw it instantly out again, and 
pour* them on a fine soft cloth—dry them 
and set them once more in the hot sun or on 
a stone ; keep them in a box, with layers of 
white paper, in a dry place ; this way is the 
best to give plumpness, odor, and flavor 
to the fruit. 
Egg Plants. —Peel the fruit, and cut them 
into thin slices, boil in salt and water, until 
quite tender; drain off the water, and add sweet 
milk, crumb in toasted bread, and whilst sim¬ 
mering gently, add butter, pepper, Ac., and 
break in three or four fresh eggs; take up be¬ 
fore the eggs cook hard, and you will have a 
dish almost equal to stewed oysters. To fry- 
egg plants, they should be peeled, cut into thin 
slices, parboiled, then dipped in batter, which 
has been highly seasoned and fried in butter 
or lard; either way they are delicious. 
Plums and tiie Curculio. —Josiah Bigelow, 
Esq., of Groton, said to us, to-day, that he has 
sixty plums trees, of the various kinds—that 
many of them are loaded with fruit, and none 
of it! he thinks, bitten by the curculio. His 
remedy, or preventive, was, to syringe the trees 
about once a week with lime water, and he 
thinks it has been completely effectual. If I 
this should prove so, the remedy will be so 
cheap, and easy of application, that the plum 
may become again a fruit worthy of general 
cultivation.— JY. E. Farmer. 
Raspberry Jam. —To each pound of fruit, 
allow three-quarters of a pound of fine loaf su¬ 
gar. Mash the berries, and break the sugar. 
Mix together, boil, stir, and skim ; the jam will 
be done in half an hour. Put in warm glass¬ 
es, and tie up, with papers over the top. Oth¬ 
er jams are made in the same way. 
Cream Pie. —Boil and sweeten the cream, 
flavor it with grated lemon, and bake in a 
paste, about as long as a pumpkin pie. 
djtraic %xi&, fa. 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
Is3ued from the United States Patent Office, 
For the week ending July 11, 1854. 
Geo. B. Hartson, of New York, for improve¬ 
ment in making wrought iron car wheels. 
Ohas. M. Guild, Brooklyn, for gas heating ap¬ 
paratus. 
Elisha French, Braintree, Mass., for coal sifter. 
Martin V. B. Darling, Providence, for improved 
slide valve motion of steam engines. 
C. W. Crozier, Knoxville, Tenn., for improve¬ 
ment in camphor wash mixtures. 
Collins B. Brown, Upper Alton, Ill., for im¬ 
provement in harvester rakes. 
C. F. Brown, Warren, R. I., for improved im¬ 
plement for blasting rocks. 
John B. Wickersham, New York, for improve¬ 
ment in foundation for pavements. 
John M. Thompson, Taunton, for improve¬ 
ment in parallel motion for beam engines. 
J. B. Smith, Milwaukie, for machine for mor¬ 
tising sash stiles. 
Gustavus Runge, Philadelphia, for improve¬ 
ment in trap-doors. 
David Rankin, Augusta county, Ya., for meth¬ 
od of applying water to compound buckets of 
flutter wheels 
Robert G. Pine, Newark, for improvement in 
plating metals. 
Chas. F. Packard, Greenwich, Conn., for im¬ 
proved sawing machine. 
William McCord, Sing Sing, for improvement 
in horse powers. 
A. Mayer, Philadelphia, for improvement in 
gas stoves. 
H. L. Lipman, Philadelphia, for improvement 
in eyelet machines. 
A. Lyon, Worcester, for improvement in light¬ 
ning rods. 
S. Hunt, Baltimore, for improvement in ap¬ 
paratus for detaching harness from horses. 
Hiram W. Hayden, Waterbary, Conn., for im¬ 
provement in ornamenting metallic buttons. 
Jonathan Ball, New York, for improved mode 
of connecting water pipes. 
H. Crosby and Seth E. Crosby, Gustavus, 0., 
for improved mode of arranging arch boards for 
cistern arches. 
James A Cutting, Boston, for improvement in 
photographic pictures on glass. 
General F. Foote, Buffalo, for improvementin 
ventilating railroad cars. 
H. P. Gengember, Alleghany City, for im¬ 
proved cement of boiled coal tar and earths. 
Robert T. Fry, Spring Garden, Penn., for im¬ 
provement in the construction of ink-stands. 
Rufus Porter, Washington, for chair cane. 
J. Rabbeth, East Hartford, for improvement 
in diaper pins. 
Thomas B. Smith, Truine, Tenn.,for improve¬ 
ment in cow-catchers. 
Franklin G. Smith, Columbia, Tenn., for im¬ 
provement in condensers for steam engines. 
Josiah M. Smith, New York, for improvement 
in machines for planing stone and metals. 
Willett Thompson, New Haven, Ct, for ship 
ventilator. 
Wm. H. Fullerton, Louisville, for improvement 
in machines for hackling corn husks. 
Peter Sweeney, Buffalo, for hot air furnaces. 
Geo. Wright, New England Village, Mass., for 
improvement in self-acting mules for spinning. 
Washington Spangler, Harper’s Ferry, assign- 
'jy to himself, Edmund H. Chambers, and Win. 
' ifiace, for improvement in 
augere, gimlets, <l*c. r 
Thomas W. Gillett,. New Haven, assignor to J. 
Mathews, of New York, for improvement in ap¬ 
paratus for corking bottles. 
John W. Brewer, Cincinnati, for improved ar¬ 
rangement for mooring and managing balloons. 
Ann G. V. McKinstry, Washington, adminis¬ 
tratrix and executrix of William McKinstry, de¬ 
ceased, late of same place, for improved adjust¬ 
able bearings for circular saws. 
Eden A. Baldwin, second, administrator of the 
estate of Eden Baldwin, deceased, late of Tem¬ 
pleton, Mass., for improvement in fire-arms. 
Geo. A. Leighton, Boston, assignor to Nehe- 
raiah Hunt, of same place, for improvement in 
sewing machines. 
Thomas Clegg, Andover, assignor to himself 
and Nathaniel Stevens, of same place, for im¬ 
provement in machines for making wire heddie 
eyes. 
* William J. Casselman, Vernon Village, New 
York, assignor to Elias A. Swan, of New Y'ork, 
for improvement in machines for carving mar¬ 
ble, stone, Ac. 
A. G. Gallahue, New York, for improvement 
in machines for pegging boots and shoes. 
Russell D. Bartlett, Bangor, for machine for 
making the heads of shovel handles. 
Andrew Lauergan, Boston, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in lanterns. 
Charles Mettain, New York, for improvement 
in construction of iron houses. 
Joseph J. Martin, New York, for improved 
grapple for raising sunken vessels. 
Henry Outcalt, Wilmington, Ohio, for improv¬ 
ed mode of constructing metallic roofing. 
William Loughridge, Weverton, Md., for im¬ 
proved arrangement of means for freeing canal 
boats from water. 
William Lowe, Hartford, for improvement in 
operating cut off valves of steam engines. 
James 0. Kennedy, Albany, for elevated 
oven. 
Abel Greenleaf Kingston, Penn., for improv¬ 
ed impact water wheel. 
Joel Green. Cincinnati, for improvement in 
apparatus for sealing cans. 
Robert W. Genung, Blooming Grove, N. Y., 
for improvement in lifting jacks. 
Win. P. Chadwick, Edgartown, for improve¬ 
ment in oil or blubber presses. 
Stillman A. Clemens, Springfield, Mass., for 
improved valvular arrangements for diaphragm 
pumps. 
Alfred Burwell, Rochester, for improvement 
in machines for stretching shoes, Ac. 
Adolph Brown and Felix Brown, New Y”ork, 
for improvement in hat shapers. 
F. B. Smith, Craigsville, N. Y., for improve¬ 
ment in lifting jacks. 
Albert. S. Southworth and Josiah J. Hawes, 
Boston, for improvement in taking daguerreo¬ 
types for stereoscopes. 
R. H. St. John, Columbus, Ohio, for improve 
meut in bedstead fastenings. 
Willis Straw, Daltan, N. H, for improved 
chain hook. 
George B. Snow, Buffalo, for improved mode 
of ringing bells by steam. 
Jabez C. Terry, Springfield, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in screw wrenches. 
Thomas B. Woodward, Kensington, Penn,, for 
improvement in mills for grinding. 
Moses D. Wells, Morgantown, Ya., for im¬ 
provement in brakes for light vehicles. 
Wm. E. Ward, Port Chester, for improved 
mode of manufacturing slats for window blinds. 
231 
John Stouffer, Peter Brough, and John W. Barr, 
of Chambersburg, for improvement in flouring 
and bolting. 
Orrin W. Fiske, Dedham, for improvement in 
machinery for making pasteboard. 
Jacob J. Hatcher, Philadelphia, for-improved 
pen and pencil case. 
Matthew Walker, sr., Philadelphia, assignor 
to M. Walker A Sons, of the same place, for im¬ 
proved iron picket fence. 
ANGLE RAILROAD WHEELS. 
The Paris correspondent of the New York 
Daily Times, says: 
“ One of the most interesting sights in Paris, 
and one that no American ever thinks of visit¬ 
ing, as he probably never heard of it, is the 
railroad from the Harrier d'Enfer to Sceaux.—■ 
It is but seven miles long, and was built as an 
experiment upon a new system of wheels.— 
1 he engine, tender, and hindermost car of the 
train, are furnished with oblique wheels, under 
the ordinary upright ones. Where the track 
is straight, these do not touch the rails; but at 
the curves, they come into play, rattling along 
the inner edge of the rails, and preventing the 
train from running off the track. The road 
was therefore made purposely tortuous, and 
the most sudden and seemingly dangerous 
bends were introduced at frequent intervals.— 
The two stations are circular, and the train as 
it receives its passengers, is doubled up into a 
ring of 50 feet radius. The smallest curve up¬ 
on the road is 68 feet radius, and over this the 
train goes at full speed. The corners of the 
cars are cut off; so that the vehicles, in follow¬ 
ing the curves, do not infringe upon each oth¬ 
er. bceaux is upon an eminence, which the 
road ascends spirally, with something like a 
mile of track—it only going, in advance, a hun¬ 
dred feet. r l he invention—which, by the way, 
is ten years old—has proved practically very 
successful; but it has never been applied to 
any extent.” 
TO RENDER WOOD INCOMBUSTIBLE. 
A very excellent way to render wood in¬ 
combustible, is to soak it in a strong solution 
of alum and the sulphate of copper. About 
one pound of alum and one of the sulphate of 
copper should be sufficient for 100 gallons of 
water. These substances are dissolved in a 
small quantity of hot water, then mixed with 
the water iu the vessel in which the wood is to 
be steeped. r lhe timber to be rendered fire¬ 
proof can be kept under the liquor by stones, 
or and other mode of sinking it. All that is 
required is a water-tight vessel, of sufficient di¬ 
mensions to hold enough ofliquor to cover the 
timber, which should be allowed to steep for 
about four or five days. After this, it is taken 
out, and dried thoroughly before using.— 
Y arious substances have been prepared for this 
purpose, but in answer to a correspondent we 
present the above as being equal to any that 
we are acquainted with.— Sci. Am. 
Testing Marbles. —A Washington letter 
writer states that in the basement of the Smith¬ 
sonian Institute there is a room where marbles 
-Wt -flniu.in'Ou^ from all 
parts of the world may be seen tnere, cut into 
squares and cubes. To prove their strength 
they are tested in a crushing machine. That 
which is brought from Lee, Mass., is said to be 
the strongest and best in the country for build- 
iug purposes. But the marble is not tested by 
pressure alone. They try it also by acids, by 
water, by drying, Ac. They have scales to 
weigh the crystals iu, which are so delicate 
that ten thousand of its smallest weights are 
required to make an ounce. Tne index tablet, 
for telling the weight, is so fine that its move¬ 
ment has to be examined by a very powerful 
microscope, to discover the variations. 
Railroad Speed. —The Great Western Ex¬ 
press to Exeter, England, is made to go at the 
rate of sixty miles an hour, including stoppa¬ 
ges. Supposing the locomotive which draws 
such a train to have driving-wheels seven feet 
in diameter, those wheels will revolve five times 
in a secoud; the valve moves and the steam 
escapes ten times in a second—but as there are 
two cylinders which act alternately, there are 
really twenty puffs or escapes of steam in a 
second. Such a locomotive speed is equal to 
nearly one-fourth of that of a cannou ball; and 
the momentum of a whole train, moving at 
such a speed, would be nearly equivalent to 
the aggregate force of a number of cannon 
balls equal to one-fourth the weight of the 
train .—Banner of Industry. 
Glass Globes unsuitable for Fisii. —In the 
first place, the fish require abundance of air.— 
Now, scarcely any other shape than a globu¬ 
lar one contains so much water with so little 
exposure to the air. Fish, too, require shade, 
not when we choose to give it to them, but 
when they feel the want of it; aud it need 
scarcely be obseived that all day long a glass 
globe is in a blaze of light. Still more, the 
water in the globe must be daily changed, con¬ 
sequently the fish must be lifted out either by 
hand or a small net; and it is utterly impossi¬ 
ble, hosvever careful we may be, to handle or 
net these delicate little struggling creatures 
without injuring them, at one time or another. 
An English artisan proposes to employ the 
chemical agency of light iu dyeing or staining 
textile fabrics; the cloth, whether wool, silk, 
flax or cotton, being first steeped in a suitable 
solution, then dried in the dark, and subse¬ 
quently exposed to the action of light, those 
parts which are to form the pattern being pro¬ 
tected by pieces of darkened paper or some 
other suitable material, fastened to a piece of 
glass. When the desired effect is produced^ 
the time for which varies from 2 to 20 minutes* 
the fabric has to be removed, iu order lo un¬ 
dergo a fixing operation, whilst a fresh portion 
of it is exposed to light. 
A first class twenty-five ton locomotive 
costs ten thousand dollars. 
