MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
[For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.]] 
[ Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.] 
SABBATH IN THE FOREST. 
With what sentiments of anxiety, of humble 
pride, and devotional concern, does the young 
school mistress enter her daily abode for the 
first time as teacher. She is about to enter a 
new field of experience, and take upon herself 
the responsibility of a noble and highly impor¬ 
tant trust. For the first time is she to be 
honored by the appellation of mistress; for the 
first time in her life her word is law, her call is 
to be obeyed, and she reigns sovereign and 
supreme over the youthful group around her. 
With what affectionate emotion does she 
view her juvenile charge, sensibly aware of the 
confidence reposed by the parents who have 
furnished their children fthe dearest object of 
their hopes) with means, and entrusted their 
young intellects to her tender care and training. 
Fair lady, yours is not an overwrought convic¬ 
tion of the responsibility of your mission. The 
early buddings of intellect and genius are 
springing up around you, and submitted at.this 
critical period to your gentle culture. At this 
early age, you can imbue the mind with holy 
influences that matured years w'ould forever 
exclude, and to a great degree the future in¬ 
struments of State and Empire are placed un¬ 
der your affectionate dominion. 
The instructor of early youth directs the 
habits of future years—not the instructing of 
the more rugged rules of intellectual science 
and mental discipline, nor is the pupil yet of 
sufficient capacity to receive it—but the more 
refined and noble sentiments of social kindness 
that a gentle spirit inspires; that benevolence 
and good will which the young educated 
female is by nature qualified to instill into the 
juvenile mind. From these spring the princi¬ 
ples of philanthropy and of patriotism that 
mark the character of the truly great and hon¬ 
orable. 
The new flowers and foliage of spring and 
summer, are emblematical of the juvenile 
throng who scatter them by the 
BY G. J. CLARKE. 
Alone in the leafy forest, 
On this holy Sabbath (lay,— 
While softly, through bending branches, 
The gorgeous sun-beams play; 
The leaflets are lightly rustling 
While kissed by the wooing breeze, 
And the birds make melting music 
In their homes ’mong tow’ring trees. 
The stream beside which I’m lying 
Goes singing on its way : 
All things around and above me 
Seem praising God to-day 1 
And here, in the summer forest, 
With its leafy dome above, 
To the great and glorious Maker 
Will I pray to be filled with love! 
That my heart be pure and sinless,— 
That when my voice I raise 
To Him, it may be, like Nature's, 
With thankfulness and praise 1 
N. Y. Conference Seminary, Aug., 1854. 
RAILROAD CURVATURE 
left-hand side of the cars (looking in the di- 
rection the train is running) will be carried 
forward two inches further than the right-hand 
side, by a single revolution of the wheels. Of 
course, this is just what is wanted to carry the 
cars saf ely and easily around a curve, which 
is the point we are aiming to illustrate. Do 
you understand it, boys? Of course, if the 
curvature is in an opposite direction, the same 
action takes place on the other side. If the 
outside is carried along too fast, the motion 
itself regulates the disturbance, by running the 
outside wheel on a smaller portion of the cir- 
cumfeience, and the inner wheel vice versa, 
which, as Euclid says, “ erat demonstrandum 
[For the Rural New-Yorker.] 
THE PERFECT LAW OF LIBERTY. 
“For what is Freedom but the unfettered use 
Of all the powers which God for use has givon ? 
But chiefly this, Him first. Him last to view, 
Through meaner powers and secondary things, 
Effulgent, as through clouds that veil His blaze.” 
[Coleridge. 
St. James denominates the Gospel the per¬ 
fect Law of Liberty, (Jas. 1, 25,) and its in¬ 
fluence upon those who are imbued with its 
spirit, may be contrasted with the thraldom of 
Sin, which, under the guise of freedom from 
restraint, ensnares its deluded victims—leading 
them chained and miserable slaves of their 
own unhallowed passions. Such there are 
“ who deem themselves most free 
When they within this gross and visible Bphere 
v» k ciosea our last lecture with a promise 
to our young friends, that in the following ar¬ 
ticle of the series, an explanation would be 
given of the manner in which a railroad train 
is enabled to turn a curve. The illustration 
before us presents a view of such an occur¬ 
rence, very common on roads, especially in a. 
hilly or mountainous country. We see in the 
on the right; and 
’ailroad undoubtedly 
mountainous country 
cut, the ocean in the distance 
on its shore where the n 
terminates, is situated a commercial mart. The 
road at the jioint in view has reached a con¬ 
siderable elevation above the plain, and is 
flanking by its curvature a towering rock. By 
a combination of what scientific principles this 
is effected, we will now endeavor to explain. 
There are couples of four-wheeled trucks 
under the cars, two wheels of each truck being 
in sight, while the two corresponding wheels 
on the opposite side are hidden from view by 
the body of the cars. These trucks are placed 
under the bodies on pivots, or other apparatus 
of a similar character, so as not to cramp the 
wheels against the rails; and thus they easily 
run around the curve, while the long car bodies 
take the position of chords, of which the suc¬ 
cessive portions of the rail are the arcs. To 
illustrate this point more fully, let a strung 
bow represent the rail, and then the bow-string 
will take the position of the body of the car. 
Again, the outside rail is elevated above the 
inside one proportionately to sharpness of the 
curvature; so much so, indeed, that where 
very short curves are unavoidable, the sidling 
position which the car assumes is sometimes 
quite alarming to the passenger, he imagining 
that to be a dangerous position of the car, 
which is in reality an important element of 
safety. Every one who has seen an equestrian 
performer riding around a ring, has observed 
the becoming position he assumes inclining 
l o understand the philosophy of this beau¬ 
tiful and often sublime phenomenon, so often 
witnessed since the creation of the world, and 
so essential to the very existence of plants and 
animals, a few facts derived from observation 
and a long train of experiments, must be re¬ 
membered: 
1. YV ere the atmosphere everywhere at all 
times oi a uniform temperature, we should nev¬ 
er have rain, or hail, or snow. The water ab- 
soi jed by it in evaporation from the sea and 
the earths surface would descend in an imper¬ 
ceptible vapor, or cease to be absorbed by 
the air when it was once fully saturated. 
2. The absorbing power of the atmosphere; 
and consequently, its capacity to retain humid¬ 
ity is proportionally greater in warm than cold 
air. 
3. The air near the surface of the earth is 
warmer than it is in the region of the clouds. 
1 he higher we ascend from the earth the cold- 
ei do we find the atmosphere. Hence the per¬ 
petual snow on very high mountains in the 
hottest climate. 
. ^ ovv ’. "’^ en i continued evaporation, the 
air is highly saturated with vapor, thou 0 !! it 
be invisible and the sky cloudless, if its ternper- 
ature is suddenly reduced, by cold currents de¬ 
scending from above, or rushing from a higher 
to a lower latitude, or by the motion of a sat- 
mated air to a colder latitude, its capacity to 
retain moisture is diminished, clouds are form¬ 
ed, and the result is rain. Air condenses as it 
way going to 
and returning from school, and also the entrance 
of their young instructor upon the more ardu¬ 
ous duties of life. Every part of the room is 
arranged with the utmost neatness and order, 
the windows are opened and curtained with 
branches of foliage, and the refreshing breeze 
of summer circulates the whole apartment._ 
Upon the stove is placed an old ewer (procured 
by one of the seniors) minus a handle and 
spout, and being a rare specimen of the fallacy 
of Yankee attempts to make broken crockery 
as good as new. This is used as a flower vase, 
and daily supplied with bouquets presented by 
the scholars to their teacher, which she receives 
with affectionate grace. Each has a desire to 
furnish the most acceptable. Little Jim, yet 
too young for much taste to be expected in 
the selection of his floral gifts, tries to imitate 
their example, and means to excel them all if 
possible. He presents his fair mistress with a 
large sunflower, which she takes with a sup¬ 
pressed smile, that James is quick to perceive, 
and he goes to his seat with the proud impres- 
From a list of professional toasts, said to 
have been made at the New England celebra¬ 
tion at Milwaukee, we take the following: 
By a Baker—“The Storm of Liberty”—It 
rose in the yeast—may it continue to give its 
light until it has leavened the whole world, and 
prepared for the last great baking. 
^ By a Dry Goods Merchant—“Our National 
Flag ’’—may we never measure it by yards, nor 
sell it without a reasonable advance on its first 
cost, adding transportation and insurance. 
By a Printer— “ Plymouth Rock,” the im¬ 
posing stone on which the form of our liberties 
was made up—may it be a type of their per¬ 
petuity. 
By a Tailor—“The American Union”—But¬ 
toned up by the patriotism of our ancestors— 
may the needle of its virtuous indignation prick 
the first goose that attempts to rip it assuuder. 
By a Miller—“ The M ayflower ”—Ground 
from the grist of oppression, it turned out no 
shorts. 
By a Forwarder—“The Boston Tea Party” 
—May its memory be stored away by all who 
attempt to exact illegal commission. 
j 1 . . --****** lOUJUtl/ll/ 
form, ana is contained in a large heavy, ligneous 
pericarp or woody fruit vessel—a very^dense 
and hard fibre. From four to eight of the 
nuts attached to the central column, are found 
in this pejicarp. 
As this fruit grows on trees two feet in di¬ 
ameter, and often 120 feet high, and falls at a 
distance of 60 feet or more, the shells become 
very dangerous to persons frequenting the for¬ 
ests; and even animals learn to make caution 
quite a virtue or necessity at the period of their 
fall. 
The tree was named after Berthollet, a dis¬ 
tinguished French chemist, Bertholletia ex 
celsa, and is the well known Juvia of the Oro- 
noco. _ It has been found only in South 
America. 
These hard shells, four or five inches in di¬ 
ameter, ol the size of a child’s head, and re¬ 
sembling a small bomb-shell, containing the 
nuts, are now selling in our city, cheap as a cu- 
cy in punishment. How dillegent and sub¬ 
missive when we were applauded, and how we 
loved our teacher for those kind words and 
affectionate treatment! Nor did a knowledge 
of the fact impressed upon our minds, that the 
rod of correction would be the consequence of 
disobedience, detract from our esteem or desire 
to please. 
Who can tell the value of a smile accom¬ 
panied with words of kindness? It radiates 
It is str/ed that when the gallant 88th 
(Connaught Rangers) landed at Scutari, their 
enthusiastic devotion to the Sultan’s cause 
knew no bounds when they heard that the lof¬ 
tiest title by which he was known to the Turks 
was the “Paddy Shawl” (Padischah.) 
^ A Distinction and a Difference.— The 
Emperor of Russia is at present an Autocrat. 
But with France and England against him, we 
think the odds are two to one that he will soon 
be made a Naughtocrat.— Punch. 
A New Orleans editor, recording the career 
of a mad dog, says:—“ We are grieved to say 
that the rabid animal, before he could be kill¬ 
ed, severely bit Dr. Hart and several other 
dogs.” 
Punch advertises for a few smart handsome 
young gentlemen to dance at evening parties, 
on account of the great drain of Officers that 
the war has carried to the east 
turned down in the manufactory by means of 
an engine lathe, smaller from the flange out¬ 
ward, so that the face of the wheel is shaped 
like the side of a common washing-tub. 
Now look at the cut, and observe what 1 
say! The centrifugal force of the train in mo¬ 
tion, throws the cars towards the outer rail, 
and, as a necessary consequence, on to the 
largest part of the outside wheel and the 
smallest part of the corresponding inner one. 
If the difference in size between the two cir¬ 
cumferences be two inches, it follows that the 
I Common Schools. —In an oration at Wil¬ 
liams College, Mass., Hon. Edward Everett 
once said: 
“ I would rather occupy the bleakest nook 
of the mountain that towers above us, with the 
wild wolf and the rattlesnake for my nearest 
neighbors, with a village school, well kept, at 
the bottom of the hill, than dwell in a paradise 
ol fertility, if I must bring up my children in a 
lazy, pampered, self-sufficient ignorance.” 
uive my soul lur.thy faculties expanse, 
Knock off the shackles which thy spirit bind 
To dust and sense, and set at large thy mind I 
Then move iu sympathy with God's great whole, 
And be like man at first, ‘a living soul.’ ” 
[Rich. H. Dana. 
Royal ton, N. Y., July, 1854. 
•See “The Friend,” Coleridge’s Works, Vol. II, p. 106. 
“ Have you any fish in your bags? ’ asked a 
person of a fisherman, who was returning home. 
“ Yes, a good eel,” was the rather slippery reply. 
There is a man somewhere in America who 
is so tall that he is obliged to run up a ladder 
every time he brushes his hair. 
Patience is the balm of suffering; while 
you, therefore, bear with firmness what you 
cannot avoid, submit with resignation to the 
will of the Almighty, who is just and merciful. 
What men want of reason for their opin¬ 
ions, they usually supply and make up in rage. 
The man that “ Oh’d! for a lodge in some 
vast wilderness,” has fiually paid up. 
