279 
of the Genus Turdus. 
southern portion of the Palsearctic region furnishes any authen¬ 
ticated species besides those already enumerated, except the very 
singular hook-winged Blackbird, Turdus dactylopterus (Merula 
dactyloptera , Bp.), which is found in Asia Minor. We may 
therefore take the well-ascertained species of the genus belong¬ 
ing to the Palsearctic region as about sixteen in number, distri¬ 
buted somewhat as follows :— 
Europe. 
Asia Minor. 
Siberia. 
Amoorland. 
Japan. 
China. 
viscivorus. 
viscivorus. 
pilaris. 
pilaris. 
fuscatus. 
fuscatus. 
fuscatus. 
I 
nuumanni. 
naumunni. 
1 
musicus. 
musicus. 
iliacus. 
iliacus. 
iliacus. 
daulias. 
daulias. 
daulias. 
pallens. 
pallens. 
clirysolaus. 
ruficollis. 
pallens. 
chrysolaus. 
pallens. 
chrysolaus. 
ruficollis. 
atrigularis. 
sibiricus. 
sibiricus. 
sibiricus. 
sibiricus. 
cardis. 
cardis. 
cardis. 
merula. 
merula, 
dactylopterus. 
mandarinus. 
torquatus. 
Let us next take a glance at the Thrushes of the Indian 
region. On the southern slopes of the Himalayas we find three 
species intruding from Northern Asia— Turdus fuscatus } T. 
atrigularis , and T. ruficollis, and besides these, Turdus hodgsoni 
(hardly distinct from our Missel-Thrush), T. albocinctus (repre¬ 
senting our T. torquatus), and Turdi castaneus, boulboul, wardii, 
dissimilis , pelodes, and unicolor. In the peninsula of India we 
meet with Turdi simillimus and nigropileus, whilst Turdus wardii 
also occurs there, and in the cold season T. dissimilis “ is not 
rare in Lower Bengal*.” The Ceylonese species of true Thrush 
appear to be T. wardii and T. kinnisii, the latter representing 
T. simillimus of India and our T. merula. 
In the Malayan portion of the Indian region Thrushes are 
much less numerous. Turdus rufulus (T. modestus, Eyt.) is 
the only Thrush I have ever noticed in collections from Malacca. 
This bird, which, according to Mr. Blyth, ascends the peninsula 
as high up as Arracan (Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xvi. p. 144), is 
* Blyth in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xvi. p. 145. 
