58 
'Tti  RURAI»  NEW-YORKER 
January  8,  1916, 
JAMES  Equipment 
In  a  Good  Barn 
Means  Cow  Comfort 
— Bigger  Profits 
Difficulty  in  Churning 
We  are  back-to-the-landors  and  run  up 
against  a  great  many  snags.  The  cream 
absolutely  refuses  to  become  butter.  I 
can  churn  and  churn  it.  and  it  only  be¬ 
comes  a  thick  mess.  (Formerly  butter 
was  made  in  a  few  minutes).  Can  you 
tell  me  what  is  the  trouble  and  what  to 
out  these  places  some  weeks  bcore  the 
traps  are  put  in.  It  may  be  well  also  to 
prepare  llio  places  where  trap  and  bait 
are  to  be  placed,  or  even  put  the  bait  in 
place  some  time  before  the  trap  is  set. 
The  trap  is  placed  about  even  with  the 
surface  of  the  water  and  teu  inches  from 
the  edge  of  the  pool.  A  light  piece  of 
moss  from  the  bottom  of  the  brook  is  cut 
the  size  of  the  jaws  of  the  trap  and 
placed  over  the  trap.  This  gives  it  the 
appearance  of  a  moss-covered  stone.  Sev¬ 
eral  inches  farther  out,  the  bait  is  placed 
on  another  imitation  stone.  The  fox  is 
very  adverse  to  wetting  his  feet,  conso- 
ijuently  he  steps  on  the  supposed  stone  to 
reach  for  the  bait  and  gets  caught. 
If  it  is  considered  safe  to  make  land 
sets,  the  bed  method  is  fairly  successful. 
A  circular  piece  of  turf  is  removed  and 
the  hole  filled  with  straw  chaff  and  bay- 
seed  from  the  bottom  of  the  mow.  In  this 
several  pieces  of  bait  are  placed  and  re¬ 
newed  if  animals  take  them  away.  At 
first  the  fox  is  very  wary  of  such  a  place, 
but  finally  after  he  has  dug  it  over  sev¬ 
eral  times,  he  loses  his  fear  to  a  certain 
extent  and  the  traps  may  be  placed. 
These  should  be  handled  with  gloves  that 
no  human  scent  be  left  on  them.  Traps 
with  strong  grapples  are  host  as  it  is  in¬ 
convenient  to  hide  the  drag.  Foxes  travel 
along  woodland  paths  a  good  deal,  hence 
in  selecting  places  for  the  traps  this  fact 
should  be  taken  into  consideration.  They 
HERE’S  a  typical  JAMES 
stall,  a  JAMES  designed 
barn,  and  JAMES  Sanitary 
Barn  Equipment  in  actual  use  —  a 
combination  that  will  save  labor  and 
make  more  money  for  any  dairyman. 
This  $4.75  stall  has  the  same  steel 
piping  and  square  horizontal  pipe, 
dust-proof  fittings,  Triple  Curve  Stall 
Partitions;  same  heavy  galvanized 
stanchion  anchors;  same  system  of 
anchors  for  quick,  easy  erection;  same 
JAMES  stanchion,  cow-proof  lock  door-knob 
type,  lock  open  clip,  everlasting  hinge,  double 
chain  hanger  with  Hat  links,  wood  lining:  same 
baked-on  enamel  finishpsnmo  system  Of  ship¬ 
ping  assembled;  same  style  nml  durability 
found  in  JAMES  complete  feature-equipped 
stalls.  It  is  the  JAMES  SlO  stall  without 
some  of  the  special  features. 
JAMES  Barn  Plan  Service 
will  help  you  wonderfully  in  building  or 
remodeling,  It  starts  you  risht. 
JAMES  equipment,  designed  and  built  by  the 
origins  tors  ol  sanitary  barn  equipment  ideas, 
includes  Stulls,  Stanchions,  Pens,  Carriers, 
Ventilators,  Watering  Buckets,  etc,  Stall 
prices  range  from  S-I  to  fJO,  depending  on 
number  of  special  features  wanted.  Quality, 
finish  and  system  of  inspection  the  same  in 
all  JAMES  equipment. 
Tell  us  how  many  cows  yon  own  and  when 
you  expoct  to  build  or  remodel  and  receive 
copy  of  JAMESWAY  Book— FREE. 
James  Manufacturing  Co. 
DV30Cane  Street,  Ft.  Atkinson,  Wis. 
New  York. 
Your  complaint  is  a  very  common  one 
at  this  time  of  year,  and  I  can  only  give 
the  common  causes  of  it  and  a  possible 
remedy.  The  trouble  you  are  having 
is  known  as  difficult  churning  and  is  most 
common  on  farms  where  from  one  to 
three  or  five  cows  are  owned.  The  chief 
factors  affecting  the  length  of  churning 
are:  1.  Breed  of  the  cow.  11.  Feed  of  tin* 
cow.  3.  Stage  of  lactation.  4.  Ripeness 
of  cream.  f>.  (’burning  temperature. 
Cream  from  Holstein  milk  does  not  churn 
as  easily  as  cream  from  Guernsey  or  Jer¬ 
sey  milk.  In  the  Winter,  if  neither  sil¬ 
age  nor  roots  are  fed,  the  feed  has  a  hard¬ 
ening  influence  on  the  butterfat  in  the 
milk  and  makes  churning  more  difficult. 
As  the  cow  approaches  the  end  of  her 
lactation  period,  the  fat  particles  in  her 
milk  become  smaller  and  harder,  and 
hence  the  cream  does  not  churn  as  easily. 
Sweet  cream  taken  from  a  cold  room  and 
churned  at  a  rather  low  temperature  does 
not  churn  readily.  Doubtless  the  cause 
of  your  trouble  is  some  one  or  a  com¬ 
bination  of  the  above  causes.  Try  ripen¬ 
ing  the  cream  well  and  claiming  at  a 
high  temperature.  (55  to  70  degrees  Fhr. 
This  will  not  produce  the  best  butter,  but 
getting  the  butter  to  come  will  he  bet¬ 
ter  than  no  butter  at  all.  h.  f.  J. 
A  Milkman  Makes  Butter 
The  recent  record  snowstorm  which 
visited  this  section  quite  upset  the  usual 
routine  of  the  dairy  farmers’  daily  life. 
We  were  unable  to  reach  the  creamery 
with  our  milk  from  Monday  until  Thurs¬ 
day.  It  gave  us  an  opportunity  to  make 
some  home-churned  butter,  and  candidly 
speaking,  if  farmers  would  take  advan¬ 
tage  of  such  opportunities,  snowstorms 
would  he  a  blessing  to  the  dairy  business. 
I  commenced  skimming  for  the  calves 
Tuesday,  as  soon  as  I  saw  it  would  he 
impossible  to  reach  the  creamery ;  by 
Thursday  night  they  had  consumed  all 
hut  50  quarts  of  the  skim-milk  and  this 
made  a  welcome  addition  to  the  hog  ra¬ 
tion.  By  Saturday  night  the  cream  was 
ready  to  churn,  and  in  a  short  time  I 
had  a  nice  tray  of  butter  fully  equal  in 
taste  to  store  butter,  which  cost  me,  on 
Friday,  Dec.  17,  42  cents  a  pound.  You 
can  judge  of  my  surprise  and  pleasure 
upon  examination  by  daylight  to  find 
it  did  not  need  coloring.  I  felt  proud 
of  my  feat  at  the  churn,  and  still  more 
so  of  rn,v  Holstein  COWS  that  could  pro¬ 
duce  so  much  butter,  so  highly  colored 
for  this  time  of  year. 
In  our  boyhood  days  father  had  a 
maxim,  which  he  introduced  on  every 
occasion  where  something  new  was  to  he 
instilled  in  our  mind  for  future  use; 
ir  ran  “You  cannot  learn  younger.” 
Churning  came  under  this  head. 
I  heard  our  village  grocer  say  one  day 
last  week,  that  “bigger  milk  producers 
than  myself  bought  oleo  instead  of  but¬ 
ter  from  him"  (much  to  their  discredit) 
hut  I  would  not  trade  that  tray  of  butter 
for  all  the  oleomargarine  that  will  ever 
he  sold  in  this  town. 
New  York.  george  e.  howell. 
Trapping  Hints  for  Farm  Boys 
Part  III. 
The  professional  trapper  finds  his  skill 
taxed  to  the  utmost  when  he  undertakes 
to  catch  the  fox,  therefore  the  amateur 
will  be  fortunate  indeed  if  he  succeeds. 
There  is  nothing  like  trying,  however, 
and  the  farm  boy,  if  he  uses  his  knowl- 
o  lge  of  woodcraft  to  good  advantage, 
nay  even  outwit  the  sly  creature.  In 
thickly  settled  communities  there  is  more 
or  less  danger  of  catching  dogs  and  cats, 
hence  it  is  safer  to  use  water  sets  for  the 
fox  rather  than  laud  sets.  Strong  traps 
with  wide  jaws  are  best.  All  trap  mak¬ 
ers  have  trails  especially  designed  for 
these  animals.  Water  sets  are  made  in 
spring  holes  and  shallow'  crossings  in 
small  pasture  brooks.  We  like  to  dig 
Sure  Power  From 
Coal,  Wood  or  Rubbish 
also  frequent  the  vicinity  of  snwdus! 
heaps  in  the  deeper  woods.  Traps  may 
lie  set  in  paths  by  removing  a  piece  »f 
turf  the  size  of  the  trap  and  carefully 
putting  it  hack  over  the  trap  after  shav¬ 
ing  it  down  to  the  proper  thickness.  Tin 
carcass  of  a  skunk,  after  it  has  been 
skinned,  makes  a  good  fox  bait. 
Blind  sets,  such  as  are  described  above, 
as  being  set  in  paths  where  a  hit  of  turf 
is  removed,  also  make  good  sets  for 
skunks.  This  animal  travels  about  a 
good  deal  at  night.  Skunks  cannot  he 
baited  unless  they  visit  the  chicken  coop. 
In  that  case  one  or  more  can  probably  be 
caught  by  using  the  remainder  of  the 
killed  bird  for  bait.  The  usual  method 
of  taking  the  skunk  is  in  its  den.  Traps 
are  set  about  a  foot  down  the  holes  and 
no  especial  precautions  are  needed.  If  a 
den  is  found  that  is  inhabited,  one  or 
more  of  the  animals  can  easily  he  cap¬ 
tured.  Old  cellars,  where  buildings  have 
burned  or  tumbled  down,  are  good  loca¬ 
tions  to  look  for  skunk  dens.  There  is  a 
considerable  difference  in  the  value  of 
skunk  skins.  Those  which  show  the 
least  white  are  the  most  valuable.  When 
a  skunk  is  caught  the  best  way  to  dis¬ 
patch  it  is  by  shooting  in  the  heart  with 
a  small  calibre  pistol  or  rifle.  ('are 
should  he  observed  in  skinning,  that  tin- 
scent  sacks,  located  at  the  base  of  Ihe 
tail,  are  not  cut.  c.  n.  Ciiesley. 
SAVE  GASOLINE  MONEY. 
YOU  CAN  BUNN  WORTHLESS  RUBBISH  IN 
LEFFEL  Engines 
Sure  riownr  and  plenty  V  - 
oMt  for  aH  farm  power- 
alaam  and  hot  water'for 
poara.'ftavw  hundred*. 
Why  It  Grows 
Every  member  of  the  family 
benefits  from  the  Farm  Journal. 
It  educates.  Encourages  Father 
in  his  farm -work,  and  helps 
Mother  in  hers.  Wholesome  and 
inspiring  to  boys  and  girls. 
Against  Whiskey,  Fake  Medicines 
and  schemes  of  all  kinds.  For  35  years 
it  has  protected  its  readers  from  fraud¬ 
ulent  advertising. 
That  is  why  it  grows.  Why  last  year  800,000 
homes,  this  year  nearly  1,000.000.  consider  the 
Farm  Journal  n  friend  and  adviser  that  they  would 
not  do  without.  6  years  SI. 
Send  today  for  free  sample  of  Farm  Journal  and 
free  copy  of  Poor  Richard  Almanac  for  1016. 
The  Farm  Journal 
130  Washington  Square,  Philadelphia 
BOOKS  WORTH  READING 
Landscape  Gardening,  Parsons .  2.00 
Lawn  Making.  Iiurroii .  1.10 
Agriculture  and  Chemistry.  Storcr.  5.00 
Fertilizers  and  Crops.  Van  Slyke....  2.50 
Weeds  of  Farm  anil  Garden.  Pauuuel  1.50 
Book  of  Wheat.  Dondllnger .  2.00 
Successful  Fruit  Culture.  Maynard..  1.00 
Irrigation  mid  Dralnnge.  King....  1.50 
Study  of  Corn.  Shoesmitli  . 50 
Pile  Soil,  King .  1.50 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
77.  30th  St.,  New  York  City 
“My  good  man,”  said  the  kindly  visi¬ 
tor  to  the  burglar  in  the  jail  who  had 
been  caught  with  the  goods.  "Can’t  you 
see  the  error  of  your  ways  ?”  “There 
have  been  times,  mum,  when  I  couldn’t 
hilt  this  time  it  looks  like  I'm  open  to 
conviction.” — Credit  Lost. 
f  - . — ^  Use  NATCO  Drain  Tile  —  Last  Forever 
/  I  Farm  drainage  needs  durable  tile.  Our  drain  tile  are  made  of 
/  f  }  best  Ohio  clay,  thoroughly  hard  burned.  Don't  have  to  dig  'em  up 
to  be  replaced  every  few  years.  Write  for  prices.  Sold  in  carload 
lots.  Also  manufacturers  of  the  famous  NATCO  IM  PERIS  H- 
ABLE  SILO.  Natco  Building  Tile  and  Natco  Sewer  Pipe. 
National  Fire  Proofing  Company  •»  1121  Fulton  Building,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
6 
Other  filial  up  to  22  11  -  P,  proportionally  low. 
JJirect  from  Factory  to  User!  L|l 
Why  pay  two  prices  for  any  good  engine,  i~ 
Hr  or  take  chances  on  a  poor,  or  an  unknown  engine. 
'filf  when  the  “WITTE”  coBts  so  little,  and  saves  you  all  the  risk. 
WITTE  ENGINES,  Kerosene, Gasoline& GasjA 
Liberal  5- Year  Guaranty 
I  ET  ME  send  you 
h  a  "UITTP”  t>n- 
^  a  "WITTE”  en¬ 
gine  to  earn  its 
own  cost  while  yon 
pay  lor  it.  It’s 
cheaper  than 
doing  without  one. 
I  have  proved  that  lo 
thousands  who  are 
dow  WITTE  users. 
Ed.  IL  Witte. 
an  mm 
f  BEAD  THIS  BOOK 
Of  TOM  YOU  BUY 
ANY  ENGINE  I 
IT  IS  SINT  FREE  H 
'OB  THE  ASK,ng  i 
It  ia  ehc-npcr  and  enaier  to  own  n  ‘‘W IT1K”  engine  than 
to  do  without  one.  My  New  OITor  makes  it  oiuuor  to  gut 
the  work  done  by  machinery  than  by  mUSelnor  brute 
power.  No  need  now  to  got  along  without  a  *' WITTE.’* 
New  Book  Free  Rb&°  j 
engine  bu.ilneau  explains  all.  It  toils  you  how  to  bo  / 
Btire  in  your  selection,  even  if  you  don’t  pick  a 
‘‘WITTE."  Send  me  your  address  today,  no  I  eun 
nend  you  thin  book  FREE  with  my  New  Oiler.  ^ 
1 8  95  Oakland  A vc.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 
1  1895  Empire  Bldg.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.^n 
/""MET  your  engine  from  an  engine  specialist. 
All  my  life  I  have  done  nothing  but  make 
engines.  The  success  of  my  customers 
and  nothlny  else,  makes  my  success. 
I’ve  Blmply  got  to  sell  better  engines.  I  can't 
lone  money  on  an  engine  and  make  bark  the 
loss  on  something  else.  My  present  big  factory 
has  been  built  up  only  by  my  engine  quality. 
3&  HI 
11 
Itg 
-  _=_ 
