qpHEJ  RUR.A.I>  NEW-YORKER 
43 
Garden  and  Farm  Notes 
Notes  from  a  Maryland  Garden 
The  garden  has  now  reeeived  its  Win¬ 
ter  blanket  of  manure.  This  is  not  only 
covering  the  vacant  spots  thickly,  but  is 
placed  as  a  mulch  between  the  rows  of 
onions,  spinach,  etc.,  and  even  the  broad¬ 
cast  spinach  has  a  coat  of  the  finer  part 
of  the  manure.  As  I  can  buy  only  fresh 
manure  it  is  necessary  to  give  it  time  to 
rot  in  order  to  be  in  condition  to  feed 
the  crops  in  Spring,  and  lying  as  a  sur¬ 
face  mulch  I  have  found  to  be  the  best 
way  I  can  use  it.  Our  melon  growers 
too  have  found  this,  and  the  land  is  al¬ 
ready  prepared  and  the  manure  in  the 
furrows.  In  the  Spring  a  good  applica¬ 
tion  of  fertilizer  will  be  added  to  the 
manure  and  all  bedded  in  for  planting. 
The  Big  Boston  lettuce  in  the  frames 
is  heading  nicely,  and  though  it  was  given 
space  8x10  inches  there,  no  soil  can  now 
be  seen  between  the  rows,  for  the  wide- 
spreading  leaves  are  crowding  each  other. 
For  the  Fall  frames  I  usually  rely  on 
the  rains  for  water,  stripping  the  sash¬ 
es  off  when  rain  conies.  But  this  Fall 
the  hose  has  been  needed  regularly,  for 
we  have  not,  up  to  this  10th  of  December, 
bad  a  rain  since  early  October  enough 
to  wet  the  soil  half  an  inch,  and  T  do  not 
remember  in  that  time  that  there  has 
been  more  than  one  day  entirely  cloudy. 
This  deficiency  of  rain  has  had  the  effect 
of  keeping  the  spinach  very  small,  and 
we  have  to  hunt  for  plants  large  enough 
to  cut.  The  broadcast  spinach  is  just 
about  as  large  as  is  desirable ;  that  is, 
it  is  strong  enough  to  winter,  and  as  it 
is  intended  for  Spring  cutting  we  are  not 
sorry  that  it  cannot  be  cat  this  Fall. 
The  Norfolk  growers  sow  another  crop 
of  spinach  in  February.  I  have  not  tried 
this,  for  usually  a  Spring-sown  crop 
runs  to  seed  so  quickly  that  it  is  hardly 
any  use  to  sow  it,  but  if  it  will  do  here 
as  early  as  February  it  may  help  out 
the  Spring  cutting  very  considerably. 
Spinach  is  one  of  my  sale  crops,  as  it 
makes  a  tine  Winter  cover  on  the  land 
aud  in  the  Spring  the  local  grocers  take 
it  right  from  the  garden  at  five  cents  a 
pound,  and  when  it  runs  to  bloom  it  can 
be  turned  under  for  some  Summer  crop. 
Therefore  for  the  Spring  cutting  I  al¬ 
ways  sow  it  broadcast,  since  there  is  al¬ 
ways  a  considerable  lot  left  when  cutting 
stops. 
The  late  cabbages  are  tucked  away. 
They  are  simply  turned  over  with  the 
heads  to  the  north  and  the  soil  banked 
thickly  over  the  stems  and  the  lower 
part  of  the  head,  leaving  the  top  shaded 
from  the  Winter  sun.  Those  only  part¬ 
ly  headed  will  go  on  heading  in  this 
way.  The  Houser  cabbage,  which  I 
planted  for  the  first  time,  is  a  good  cab¬ 
bage.  but  takes  too  long  a  season.  I  can 
use  the  ground  to  better  advantage  by 
planting  a  variety  that,  can  lie  started  la¬ 
ter.  The  old  Late  Flat  Dutch  of  a  good 
strain  is  as  good  as  any,  and  Fottler’s 
Brunswick  will  make  good  heads  here 
from  seed  planted  as  late  as  early  Au¬ 
gust.  while  to  get  the  host  results  from 
the  llouser  we  would  have  to  start  in 
dune  or  May. 
I  have  still  a  great  abundance  of  Big 
Boston  lettuce  plants  in  the  seed  bed 
outside  as  yet  entirely  unhurt,  waiting 
for  a  slow  mill  man  to  get  frames  made 
for  planting  a  succession  crop.  Set  in 
open  furrows  running  east  and  west  for 
shelter,  lettuce  plants  usually  winter  very 
well  and  head  early  in  Spring,  but  left  in 
the  seed  bed  they  may  get  killed  by  the 
sun  striking  them  early  in  the  morning 
when  frosted. 
Down  here,  with  the  ocean  just  over  to 
the  east  and  the  broad  bay  just  the  same 
distance  to  the  west,  we  have  a  local 
climate  much  milder  than  the  same  lati¬ 
tude  westward.  Figs  and  pomegranates 
stand  our  usual  Winters,  and  the  China 
trees  so  common  in  the  South,  seem  to 
meet  here  their  Northern  limit,  for  while 
there  are  plenty  of  them  here  I  have  never 
seen  one  north  of  this  city.  My  soh>  fig 
tree  has  got  out  of  reach  of  protection. 
The  last,  two  Winters  have  not  harmed 
it.  and  the  past  Summer  it  made  an  extra¬ 
ordinary  growth  and  is  now  fully  15  feet 
high,  and  if  the  Winter  proves  harder 
than  usual  it  will  probably  got  nipped  in 
the  rank  new  shoots.  Crape  myrtles  and 
the  Japanese  Euonymus  got  a  tree  like 
form.  On  a  lawn  T  pass  daily  is  a 
Japan  Euonymus  reaching  to  the  second 
story  windows  of  the  dwelling,  and  a  rus¬ 
tic  bench  under  it  makes  a  very  pleasant 
Summer  seat.  Just  now  that  tree  is 
covered  with  thousands  of  rod  berries. 
For  an  ornamental  hedge  this  Euonymus 
is  far  superior  to  the  California  privet  ao 
much  planted,  for  its  evergreen  leaves  are 
pretty  all  Winter  when  the  privet  has  lost 
its  foliage.  I  know  of  but  one  short 
hedge  of  it  here  aud  have  wondered  that 
there  are  not  more,  for  the  plants  are 
plentiful  all  around  town.  Of  the  privets 
the  one  known  as  Amoor  Hirer  is  far 
bettor  than  the  California,  as  it  is  ever¬ 
green.  W.  F.  MASSEY. 
Maryland. 
The  Primus  Raspberry 
In  W.  S.  Harwood's  hook.  “New  Crea¬ 
tions  in  Plant  l.ife.”  written  about  10 
years  ago,  speaking  of  the  many  crea¬ 
tions  of  Luther  Burbank.  he  dwells  at 
length  on  one  of  Mr.  Burbank’s  creations 
which  lie  thinks  overshadows  any  other  of 
his  productions  and  that  one  was  the 
“Primus  berry.”  which  was  the  result  of 
a  cross  between  a  California  dewberry 
and  a  Siberian  raspberry.  Since  reading 
of  tliis  wonderful  berry  1  have  searched 
through  many  fruit  catalogues  to  find 
some  one  offering  it  for  sale,  but  have 
not  yet  been  able  to  find  it  offered.  Even 
the  nurseries  that  are  offering  Mr.  Bur¬ 
bank’s  latest  productions  are  not  listing 
it.  What  has  become  of  this  berry?  Has 
it  dropped  entirely  out  of  existence?  In 
my  search  of  catalogues  for  Ibis  berry  I 
found  one  that  had  a  cut  purporting  to  he 
the  Primus  berry,  but  immediately  fol¬ 
lowing  it  they  described  the  Phenomenal 
berry,  which  is  a  cross  between  the  wild 
California  dewberry  and  the  Cuthbert 
raspberry.  I  am  sure  there  are  many 
others  who  have  read  Mr.  Harwood's 
hook  who  are  equally  as  anxious  to  know 
what  has  caused  this  wonderful  berry's 
disappearance.  C.  u.  j. 
Memphis,  Tenn. 
We  do  not  know  of  any  better  way  to 
learn  about  this  berry  than  to  write  di¬ 
rectly  to  Mr.  Luther  Burbank  and  Mr. 
John  Lewis  Childs.  These  gentlemen 
were  instrumental  in  bringing  the  berry 
before  the  public,  and  if  anyone  else 
knows  what  has  become  of  the  fruit  we 
are  unable  to  find  them.  Mr.  Harwood, 
the  author  of  the  book  mentioned,  is  dead. 
He  gave  many  rather  large  stories  about 
Mr.  Burbank’s  creations,  but  viewed  now 
in  the  cold  light  of  history  it  is  hard  to 
find  the  creations.  A  leading  expert  on 
new  varieties  of  fruit  gives  us  the  fol¬ 
lowing  report  regarding  the  Primus 
berry.  Several  persons  have  written  us 
recently  praising  Mr.  Burbank,  aud 
claiming  great  things  for  bis  origina¬ 
tion.  We  do  not  want  to  do  Mr.  Bur¬ 
bank  any  injustice,  and  we  have  repeat¬ 
edly  called  upon  the  public  to  name  the 
wonderful  things  which  Mr.  Burbank  has 
created.  Let  us  now  repeat  that  request. 
If  anyone  can  mention  some  of  those 
wonderful  creations  which  have  run  the 
gauntlet,  aud  are  now  in  general  and 
profitable  cultivation,  we  would  be  only 
too  glad  to  hear  from  them.  What  has 
he  ever  originated  which  ranks  with  Car¬ 
man  or  Elbertii  peaches  in  economical 
production? 
“The  Primus  berry,  one  of  Mr.  Bur¬ 
bank’s.  early  introductions,  appears  to 
have  vanished.  I  could  never  learn  that 
it  fruited  anywhere  away  from  Burbank's 
ranch,  though  it  was  tried  in  many 
places.  John  Lewis  Childs  had  it  18  or 
‘JO  years  ago  at  his  Floral  Park  place, 
but  I  understood  at  tbe  time  it  failed  to 
fruit,  though  he  got  some  berries  from 
Phenomenal,  the  companion  variety  sent 
out  at  about  the  same  time  .  Phenomenal, 
though  worthless  in  the  East,  and  gener¬ 
ally  inferior  to  the  Loganberry,  is  still 
commercially  grown  in  California.  The 
Loganberry  (production  of  Judge  Logan, 
Santa  Cruz,  Cal.),  is  a  really  important 
raspberry-dewberry  hybrid,  grown  in 
large  acreage  along  the  North  Pacific 
coast,  and  is  also  highly  successful  in 
England  and  France,  hut  is  now  meeting 
competition  with  other  European  varie¬ 
ties  of  the  same  class,  such  as  tbe  Lax- 
ton  berry.  Low  berry  and  others.  None 
of  these  appears  to  succeed  iu  Eastern 
North  America.  I  fear  Primus  has  fal¬ 
len  by  the  wayside.  Mr.  Burbank  and 
J.  L.  Childs  can  tell,  if  they  will,  more 
about  it  than  anyone  else.” 
Friend  Sprayer  Exhibit  at  Panama  Exposition  where  this  Company  was  awarded  tile 
Medal  of  Honor  on  Power  Sprayers ,  Hand  Sprayers,  Tank  Fillers,  Shut  Offs  and  Nozzles— 
The  first  Gasolene  Power  Sprayer  was  a  “Friend."  and  year  after  year 
every  Friend  outfit  is  better  because  the  suggestions  of  its  users  are  built  into 
each  new  model  whenever  (heir  actual  experience  shows  that  a  part  can  he  im¬ 
proved  or  simplified.  Many  years  ago  the  Friend  motor  and  pump,  by  a  unique 
construction,  were  combined  into  a  unit.  Again  all  parts  for  all  outfits  are 
built  in  our  factory,  each  specially  designed  for  its  work.  These  features, 
together  with  standardization  of  all  working  parts — the  constant  -effort  to  bet¬ 
ter  the  quality,  efficiency  and  strength  of  each  outfit  make 
Friend  Sprayers  for  1916 
The  most*  remarkable  line  ever  offered  by  a  company  whose  outfits  have  always 
deserved  the  highest  respect  of  the  fruit  growers,  livery  machine  is  both  tested 
in  the  testing  room  and  given  a  working  tryout  before  shipping.  So  when  il  is 
received  you  knock  off  the  crate,  put  on  the  wheels  and  drive  into  the  orchard, 
complete  directions  accompany  each  outfit. 
Furthermore  the  outfits  arc  not  enr  and  dried  —you  do  not  have  to  bring 
your  requirements  up  to  the  machine,  but  each  outfit  can  be  modified  to  filing 
it  to  your  individual  requirements.  It  will  still  be  a  Friend  with  these  features. 
Neat’ mounting-  light:  weight— easy  drawing  short  turning— large  capacity — 
direct  propeller  agitator  combined  unit  of  motor  and  pump — quick  accessible, 
adjustable  and  detachable  parts — unique  pressure  regulator  -complete — high 
grade  -guaranteed. 
FRIEND  KING 
For  extensive  work  where  it  is  ueressnry 
to  carry  a  lnrge  amount  of  spray  material 
into  the  orchard — targe  wheels,  wide  tires — 
2  horse  draught,  cypress  tank  of  200-2.10  gal. 
capacity,  propeller  agitator  which  will  keep 
arsenate  of  lead  in  suspension — directlv  con¬ 
nected  with  pump  shaft — Motor  Pump  unit 
saves  space.  Keeps  bearing*  atHl'  gear*  in 
alignment  over  rough  ground — is  rigid  and 
secure  ns  it  sets  on  common  bnsp  bolted  to 
wagon  bed  with  four  holts  every  part  acres 
si  hie — pressure  held  aud  relieved  by  remark 
able  regulator — step  plat  form — steel  truck  — 
narrow  bed  for  short  turning — Western  tread 
vnnbliug  use  111  potato  fields — Motor  pump 
supplied  with  suction  hose  so  hose  can  he 
removed  and  pump  cleaned.  Recommended’ 
for  use  In  orchards  of  ten  acres  or  more 
delivered  complete  with  whittletrees,  neck 
yoke,  tower  and  two  hose  lines. 
"I  have  been  busy  spraying  with  two 
'Friend*  Kings  for  over  a  week  In  our  or 
eli a r (is — aud  the  more  they  run  the  t tetter 
they  work.  Our  neighbor’s  obi  . 
sprayer  gave  out  on  bint  and  T  am  sending 
him  over  a  ‘Friend'  to  finish  the  job.  The 
Calyx  nozzle  Is  a  wonder  and  I  am  using 
only  two  to  an  outfit  where  1  have  been 
using  four  tingle  nozzle*  before.  They  put  it 
through  n  tree-  with  from  200  ths.  to  300  lbs. 
pressure." 
II.  C.  Goodwin,  Avon.  Ya. 
FRIEND  LIGHTEST  KING 
LIGHTEST  KING  is  the  SMALLEST. 
LARGE  capacity  LIGHT  weight,  HIGH 
pressure  Power  Sprayer  ever  produced,  very 
popular  for  combination  field  and  orchard 
work.  The  tank  holds  100  or  ISO  gal.,  the 
motor  pump  has  two  hose  Hue  capacity  at 
high  pressure.  The  truck  1*  LIGHT,  all 
Steel,  DURABLE.  flexible  fifth  Wheel.  The 
machine  is  equipped  for  one  or  two  horses, 
equipped  with  one  or  two  hose  lines.  A 
tower  is  also  furnished  where  desired,  also 
field  attachment  for  tpniylng  potatoes  aud 
nil  field  crops.  The  agitator  is  propeller 
type.  (PI reef  connected .  uo  gears  or  chains. 
Everything  is  the  very  latest  and  BEST, 
even  the  pressure  regulator.  The  tank  is 
PY  Pit  ESS.  LIGHTEST  KING  has  n  very 
low  center  of  gravity  and  cannot  overturn 
the  equipment  la  complete,  everything  ready 
for  service. 
"The  Lightest  King  works  fine  aud  does 
the  work  welt;  we  have  enough  power  to  use 
four  lines  of  hose  If  necessary."  So  write 
Pay  Brothers  of  Coopei'stown,  N.  Y..  on  July 
14,'  101 5.  and  again  on  August  IS,  says:  ■  l 
could  not  convince  any  more  of  the  bop  grow¬ 
ers  that  they  ought  to  spray  their  hops  for 
lice  and  so  many  of  them  will  tune  poor 
hops  and  some  not  any.  Our  yard  that  you 
saw  is  looking  line  and  we  give  all  the  credit 
to  our  'Friend1  and  Black  Leaf  40. 
FRIEND  QUEEN 
Queen  is  the  low-down,  cut-under  Model, 
niolerslnng  so  called  It  has  all  the  capa¬ 
city  that  KING  has  in  every  way.  Owing 
to  it*  VNIQl'E  construction,  its  .’lose  coup¬ 
ling,  the  large  wheels  and  wide  tires,  it  is 
very  easy  drawing.  The  fifth  wheel  is  llexi- 
Idc.  permitting  the  machine  to  go  over  uneven 
ground  without  any  probable  misalignment  of 
the  tied  or  working  parts.  The  Tun cllllie  was 
designed  mnuy  years  Hgn.  Everything  about 
it  is  thoroughly  tried  -nothing  experimental 
whatever.  The  tank  i«  GYP  HESS.  The  pro¬ 
peller  agitator  direct  connected.  The  lai'-st 
WESTERN  our  LARGEST  rapacity,  H1GH- 
PUKSSI'RE  unit  motor  pump  1*  Used  on 
Imth  King  and  Queen.  With  the  Queen  outfit 
it  is  possible  to  turn  square  around',  there 
being  no  under  brace  to  eonltiet.  The  center 
gravity  of  this  machine  is  so  low  that  it  is 
impossible  to  overturn  It  on  the  steepest 
hillside,  Both  King  and  Queen  are  fur¬ 
nished  when  specified  with  tower*  for  tall 
trees,  although  iu  most  orchards  a  man 
standing  on  the  (up  of  the  tank  van  reach 
with  the  spray  all  right.  The  Motor  Pump 
on  QUEEN  is  very  accessible  -the  horses 
can  be  turned  to  one  side,  giving  the  oper¬ 
ator  perfect  freedom.  QUEEN  Is  very  easy 
to  work  around — it  is  so  low  for  filling. 
•  I  know  my  Queen  tin*  pumped  more 
'stuff  than  any  other  sprayer  on  earth,  and 
It  still  runs  fine.” 
F.  E.  Tourtillntte. 
Haverhill,  Mass. 
FRIEND  MOTOR, PUMP 
The  motors  are  all  auto  type — -perfectly 
balanced — four  c.vcb — Schehler  carburettor  - 
throttle  control— jump  spark  ignition — splash 
system  of  lubrication — prfeet  oiling  system 
throughout.  One  oiler  lubricates  the  entire 
machine.  The  pump  is  built  to  the  motor 
— motor  and  pump  frame  all  one.  The  pump 
is  plunger  type,  double  acting,  quick  d'e¬ 
tat1  liable  valves  and  sr-at*.  quick  accessible 
and  adjustable  packing  and  so  on. 
"I  like  your  pumps  the  best  of  all  I  think 
them  so  much  more  durable  and  less  apt  to 
get  out  of  order.  I  also  like  your  Queen 
style — can  get  urouud  the  orchard  in  so 
little  space." 
Pomonu.  Calif. 
INDIVIDUAL  SPRAYERS  FOR  EVERY  CROP  THAT  GROWS 
Tho  Kentucky  Tobacco  Products  Company  in  order  to  make  satisfactory  experiments, 
needed  a  sprayer  that  would  throw  a  very  fine  spray  with  groat  force.  They  ask*-d  u,  to 
supply  the  model  and  we  satisfied  them.  Professor  Fitch,  of  the  State  College  of  Amos, 
Iowa,  needed  a  machino  for  spraying  melons.  We  built  a  special  machine  that  ho  3ays 
worked  wonders.  The  Hop  Growers  in  the  Cooperstowu  district  put  their  problem  up  to  the 
Friend  and  report  tho  sprayers  we  built  them  did  the  work.  We  cite  these  Instances  to  show 
you  that  it  will  pay  you  to  submit  your  spraying  problems  to  r.s, 
Mark  tho  coupon — send  for  the  Friend  catalog — tell  us  what  work  you  want  a  Sprayer  to 
do  and  let  our  expert  help  you  buy  tho  most  economical  model  for  you  to  use.  There’s  a 
Friend  for  every  man  who  sprays  at  a  price  he  cam  alford  to  pay.  Get  in  touch  with  us  to¬ 
day,  Send  the  coupon.  Get  the  catalog.  Give  us  enough  information  so  we  can  advise  you 
how  to  buy  economically. 
FRIEND  MFG.  COMPANY,  33  East  Ave.,  Gasport,  N.Y. 
LIGHTEST  KING 
FRIEND  ‘’QUEEN" 
COUPON 
•  Name  . 
I  Address  . 
D  (  )  Power  Sprayer  (.  1  Large  (  ) Small 
0 
0  (  )Hand  Sprayer  (  ) Large  (  ) Small 
J  (  )  Complete  (  )  Above  Trucks 
fi  (  )  Accessories. 
FRIEND  KING 
