34 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
January  8,  1916, 
Y SEEDS  THAT  GROW 
STURDY  FRUIT  TREES 
them.  In  this  way  they  decayed  slowly 
in  the  soil  and  helped  to  some,  extent.  Do 
not  burn  them  as  in  this  way  you  would 
lose  all  the  nitrogen  they  contain.  Rot 
them  down  if  possible.  If  not  spread 
them  as  best  you  can  and  turn  them 
under. 
ous  all  surplus  water  will  be  carried 
away  quickly,  and  the  depth  of  the  pipe 
will  no  doubt  prevent  any  roots  finding 
their  way  into  the  flower  beds.  Gratings 
should  be  placed  over  the  upper  ends  of 
the  drainage  pipes  to  prevent  them  filling 
with  soil.  I  believe  that  in  this  way  the 
trouble  can  be  entirely  overcome,  and 
if  the  suggestion  is  adopted,  do  not  re¬ 
place  the  soil  taken  from  the  beds,  but 
fill  them  in  with  new  soil,  for  which  there 
is  none  better  for  the  purpose  than  sod 
taken  from  an  olrl  pasture  field  and 
compost  with  good  stable  manure,  in  the 
proportion  of  two  parts  of  sod  to  one  of 
manure.  There  can  be  no  question  about 
the  fertility  of  such  soil,  and  its  entire 
adaptability  to  the  production  of  good 
healthy  plant  growth  has  long  since  been 
abundantly  proven.  K. 
aloney"  Bros.&WellsCo 
DANSVILLE  N  .Y. 
PMgpr  Vines,  Berries,  Shrubs, 
Roses  and  Ornamentals 
BA  crown  in  our  Nursery,  the  largest  in  Now  York 
Stute,  under  ideal  elinmtie  conditions.  Guaranteed 
to  give  absolute  satisfaction  and 
Sold  to  You  at  Cost  Plus  One  Profit  Only 
YJ  For  32  years  we  have  Leon  receiving  h  mid  rads  of  letters 
|ry  like  this  one  from  the  people  who  buy  from  our  catalogue. 
Gkntlkmkn:  The  470  trees  bought  of  you,  Fall  1009,  have 
made  splendid  growth  and  I  certainly  have  one  fine  orchard 
Am  selling  some  I>uchess  and  Wealthy  this  year— sold  some 
Duchess  last  year,  Signed— W.  II.  NIXON,  Ulaekson,  N.  Y. 
A  Canadian  Apple  Wagon 
The  picture  at  Fig.  8,  page  33,  shows 
a  barrel  of  Canadian  apples,  being  hauled 
into  cold  storage.  After  being  repacked 
in  this  storage  they  are  shipped  by  rail 
and  boat  to  the  British  market.  The  bar¬ 
rels  shown  in  the  picture  represent  the 
original  package  at  the  orchard.  The 
chief  reason  for  printing  the  picture  is 
to  show  the  type  of  wagon  used  for  haul¬ 
ing  apples  in  that  country.  As  we  sec. 
the  body  has  been  lengthened  out  and  the 
bed  made  solid  with  large  poles,  thus 
making  the  load  long  and  narrow  rather 
than  piling  it  up  high.  This  form  of  a 
wagon  is  popular  in  Canada  and  used 
quite  extensively  and  is  said  to  give  very 
good  satisfaction. 
MALONEY  QUALITY  has  become  a  recognized  standard  by  which  all  nursery  stock  is  judged 
because  we  have  given  our  personal  attention  to  every  step  in  the  production  of  our  stock 
from  budding  to  shipping  and  know  just  wliut  we  are  sending  ri 
you  and  that  our 
Varieties  Bear  and  Bloom  True  to  Name  --S  "I 
Wo  want  you  to  have  a  copy  of  onv  beautifully  illustrated  y  ,  \ 
catalogue  describing  the  varieties  you  need  and  howto  plant  r  iLr  - 
them  This  free  catalogue  will  tell  you  why  you  can  save  ;  S  I 
money  by  buying  direct,  as  we  positively  guarantee  the  quality  /  fl 
and  soli  at  cost  plus  one  profit  only — write  for  your  catalogue  »  ‘-ti  •  ’ 
today— sent,  free  for  tile  asking.  •QrT-ife  l  jaWgfesffr' \i.-1 
An  Alfalfa  Canker. — A  good  many 
complaints  have  come  to  us  about  a  ser¬ 
ious  disease  of  Alfalfa  which  seems  ro 
prevail  in  New  York  and  New  Jersey.  A 
good  many  fields  around  Trenfon  in  the 
latter  State  are  seriously  injured,  and 
the  disease  also  seems  to  he  serious  in 
some  parts  of  New  York  State,  particu¬ 
larly  in  Tompkins  County.  The  crop 
seems  to  be  good  the  first  year  after  seed¬ 
ing;  the  second  year  it  dies  away;  and 
the  third  year  the  stand  becomes  so  poor 
that  it  is  necessary  to  plow  up  the  sod. 
There  are  several  things  which  trouble 
Alfalfa.  One  or  two  insects  do  serious 
damage  at  times,  but  the  present  trouble 
serns  to  be  a  disease  or  canker.  The 
scientific  men  are  not  sure  yet  about  this, 
hut  are  working  upon  the  disease,  ex¬ 
pecting  to  learn  its  life  history  so  as  to 
figure  out  a  remedy.  They  should  give 
all  the  time  they  can  to  this  trouble,  and 
find  out  the  facts  for  us,  because  this 
is  u  serious  matter,  and  if  the  disease  is 
not  checked  it  means  great  trouble  to 
our  Alfalfa  growers.  The  business  of 
growing  Alfalfa  is  developing  so  rapidly 
now  that  nothing  should  be  permitted  to 
stand  in  this  way ;  at  least  nothing  that 
can  be  prevented. 
MALONEY  BROS.  &  WELLS  CO 
59  Main  Street,  Dansville,  N.  Y. 
Dansville’  a  Pioneer  Wholesale  Nurseries 
Catalogue,  with  Colored  Illustrations,  FREE 
Elm  Roots  in  Flower  Beds 
Around  my  house  I  have  tried  to  make 
flower  beds,  extending  about  two  feet  out 
from  the  concrete  foundation  walls.  I 
have  prepared  the  soil  by  working  in 
chicken  manure,  sifted  ashes,  lirue,  bone 
meal,  etc.,  and  labored  continuously  and 
unsuccessfully  for  two  years.  I  have 
tried  such  flowers  as  geraniums,  holly¬ 
hocks,  Cosmos,  nasturtiums.  Salvia,  Col¬ 
eus,  etc.,  but  nothing  so  far  tried  grows 
satisfactorily.  The  house  is  in  a  grove  of 
elm  trees,  although  the  nearest  tree  to 
any  bed  is  about.  20  feet.  I  am  curious 
to  know  why  I  have  been  unsuccessful 
with  these  beds  and  fairly  successful  with 
beds  away  from  bouse.  In  working  the 
soil  in  these  beds  I  find,  clinging  to  the 
foundation  walls,  a  growth  of  very  fine 
roots,  which  seems  to  turn  loose  in  the 
beds  and  spread  over  practically  every 
square  inch  of  it,  taking  moisture  from 
th<'  flower  roots  around  which  it  winds 
itself.  My  idea  is  that  it  is  the  fine 
roots  of  the  dm  trees  that  spread  just 
underneath  surface  of  the  ground,  reach¬ 
ing  the  foundation  walls  and  following 
them  around  to  the  open  flower  bods. 
Can  you  make  any  suggestion  that  will 
enable  me  to  grow  flowers  successfully  in 
these  beds?  s. 
Your  experience  with  flowers  in  such 
close  proximity  to  large  trees,  has  been 
shared  by  many  others  similarly  situated. 
The  elm  is  a  rapacious  feeder,  and  I 
know  of  no  other  species  of  tree  except 
the  Silver  maple  that  will  send  out  its 
roots  as  far  in  search  of  plant  food.  I 
have  known  the  elm -to  reach  out  a  hun¬ 
dred  feet  or  more  away  from  the  body  of 
the  tree,  in  search  of  nourishment  and 
moisture.  I  recall  one  case  in  particu¬ 
lar  of  an  elm  of  medium  size  that  stood 
on  the  opposite  side  of  a  public  road  and 
within  about  50  feet  of  a  very  fertile 
kitchen  garden,  that  had  sent,  its  roots 
into  this  rich  soil  fully  100  feet  away 
from  the  body  of  the  tree,  and  at  the 
corner  of  the  garden  where  the  roots  en¬ 
tered  they  actually  became  a  nuisance 
and  a  detriment  to  the  proper  working 
of  the  soil  and  normal  growth  of  vege¬ 
tables  that  were  planted  at  that  point. 
There  is  no  doubt  in  my  mind  tbat  the 
elm  routs  are  the  principal  cause  of  your 
floral  troubles.  The  great  mass  of 
fibrous  roots  of  these  trees  in  the  flower 
beds  not  only  absorb  all  moisture  and 
nourishment,  but  render  the  soil  so  por¬ 
ous  that  the  hot  air  of  Summer  filters 
through  it  like  a  sieve,  thus  greatly  as¬ 
sisting  in  the  destruction  of  the  impover¬ 
ished  plants.  It  is  out  of  the  question 
for  flowering  plants  to  compute  success¬ 
fully  with  those  elms,  and  if  you  ever 
succeed  with  flowers  in  those  beds  it  will 
be  only  after  the  elms  have  been  de¬ 
stroyed,  or  some  means  taken  to  prevent 
their  roots  entering  the  beds.  Of  course 
when  the  trees  are  desirable  for  shade 
and  ornamental  purposes,  their  destruc¬ 
tion  is  not  to  be  thought  of,  and  some 
other  means  must  be  found  to  overcome 
the  trouble.  Concrete  is  about  the  only 
durable  substance  that  is  cheap  enough 
to  use  for  the  purpose,  and  I  would  sug¬ 
gest  that  you  remove  the  soil  from  these 
beds  to  a  depth  of  two  feet,  and  as  long 
and  wide  as  you  tlosire  them  and  line  the 
sides,  ends  and  bottom  with  concrete  at 
least  three  inches  thick.  To  provide  for 
drainage  and  also  prevent  the  roots  of 
the  elms  from  entering  at  the  bottom 
through  the  drainage  holes,  set  a  three- 
inch  sewer  pipe  in  the  subsoil  every 
four  feet  apart ;  the  lower  end  of  the 
pipe  will  be  about  43  inches  below  the 
surface,  and  if  the  subsoil  is  at  all  por- 
Get  our  prices  on  hardy 
WW  western  Held  seeds  of  all 
kinds.  Alfalfa,  clovers. 
IJ  M  |  V Grass  eeds.  Seed  Corn  and 
Mv  Potatoes  sold  at  wholesale 
prior*,  a  l*o  Garden  and  ri,  i 
Seeds,  Trees,  etc.  Apple  Trees  Se. 
* t03 feet  whip*.  Larger ttJsecs In  pro- 
W  portion.  Seed  and  nursery  hook  iree. 
GERMAN  NURSERIES  AND  SEED  ROUSE 
80  Court  Bt.,  0««trlc«,  Nobraaka 
Start  right  by  buylDg 
SSNS?4r  EberleT  seeds,  bulbs  or 
NSNijr  plants.  They  cannot  full  to 
tbriva  under  fair  conditions. 
Our  large  a  nd  varied  stock  con- 
r  tains  every  variety  worth  growing. 
Eberle's  19 16  Seed  Annual— Free 
This  fully  lllunt rated  hook  la  brimful  of 
helpful  Information  concerning  the 
planting  and  cultivation  of  seeds,  from 
hugest  farm  to  smallest  garden. 
OH  Hour  free  copy— today. 
FREDERICK  W.  EBERLE 
116  S.  Pearl  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
Apple— TREES — Peach 
\  h  \|  2, too  acres.  4,(100,000  apple.  8.000.0:0  peach, 
VyV’I'l  ao.000  pear,)  00,000  cherry  trees. 
l j ,j ;  ‘JJf  Thousands  of  other  fruit  o&wl  \ 
mm  tree'..  pbuilH,  r.  '!  -  ,-.r-  //  '  WtA 
mr  munentnl*.  Price*  consistent  fj 
Lilly,  2S years' LAjperieiiee.  Writoua  LT  *e  VJ 
ds;  ask  for  1916  Fruit  Guide— Free.  if 
20  ELBERTA  PEACH  TREES 
FOR  $  I  .OO  by  pared  post,  prepaid.  '  Satis¬ 
faction  guaranteed.  Order  at  once  and  write 
tor  prices  on  full  line  of  Nursery  Stuck,  sold 
direct  to  planters,  at  less  than  half  the 
usual  price. 
NEW  HAVEN  NURSERIES 
Box  25  Now  Haven,  Missouri 
Will  help  you  grow  fruit  with  the 
flavor.”  and  color,  too.  Jt’a  the  extra 
choice  fruit  that  pays.  Our  book  has 
many  diopters  of  practical  information 
about  Apples,  IV  aches.  Feura.  Mums, 
L  Cherries,  etc.  Choice  fruit  for  the 
\  homo  table.  Market  fruit  that  mm- 
\  mends  top  prieea.  Get  your  copy 
J  now.  It's  free.  Write  today, 
/ames  Brothers  Nursery  Co. 
box  8,  Yalesville,  Conn. 
§■«  The  size  you  want,  and 
m  u  m  The  price  you  want  to  pay, 
GEORGE  A.  SWEET  Come  lo  the  nursery  and 
NURSERY  COMPANY  make  your  own  selection. 
20  Maple  St,,  Oamvillt,  N.Y.  or  send  (or  catalogue. 
Garden 
Book 
A  comprehensive  guide-book  of  author- 
-FA-  itative  instruction  in  the  successful 
growing  of  flow  ers  and  vegetables. 
Dreer's  1916  Garden  Look  contains  288 
pages,  four  color  and  four  duotone 
plates,  besides  numberless  photographic 
true-to-life  reproductions,  i  t  lists  all  the 
standard  varieties  of  flowers  and  vege¬ 
tables.  as  well  as  the  best  of  the  season’s 
novelties.  _ 
The  newest  Roses,  the  best  Dahlias,  and 
Dreer’s  Improved  llardV  Perennials 
are  given  special  prominence. 
It  features  a  number  of  noteworthy 
specialties  in  Vegetables.  Sweet  Peas, 
Asters  and  Phlox. 
Mailed  free  to  you  if  you  mention 
this  publication.  MShwk 
HENRY  A.  DREER 
714-716  Chestnut  St  £  & 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  r  '  » 
-  — 1  ^  rT&r  tf  *.  < ' 
— -  I  -i'fev  : 
I  grow  only  a  F F.  W  ACRES  of  trees.  They  get  my 
persona.)  overnight,  valuable  to  you  1  van  furnish 
CHOICE  STOCK,  in  Dwarf  ANd Standard  fruit  lu  es 
fall  kinds.  lte»d  my  Free  CatnloguOheforv  buy  Ing. 
THE  VAN  DUSEH  MURSEWES.  W  1-McKAY,  Prop  .  Bos  H. Genova.  H.V. 
Every  farmer  and  fruit  prow-  \1K  W  hO 
er  should  have  a  copy.  Learn  IB'  L-Wjm/ 
what  Northern  grown  trees  /ML  f  wall 
will  do  in  your  orchard.  Back-  _  W (ft 
ed  by  37  years  experience  and 
guaranteed.  Send  for  this 
1916  Orchard  Catalog  UlMCralii 
of  our  own-grown  apple,  peach,  pear,  plum, 
cherry  and  quince  trees.  Also  small  fruits, 
ornamentals  and  shrubs.  All  well-rooted, 
clean  and  thrifty.  Large,  firm  texture,  hardy, 
and  vigorous.  Explains  our  Service  depart- 
ment.  Gives  planting  directions, 
F/itI  plans  for  farm  or  suburban  garden. 
Win?*  Quality  Seeds  produce  the  choicest  vegetables  and 
bowers.  Grown  with  great  care  tor  those  who  appreciate 
quality.  No  matter  what  you  need.  Garden,  Field  at  Flower 
Seeds,  we  ha  vo  t  hem  and  otter  only  the  best  varieties  grown. 
Fully  described  in  our  tree  catalog.  Witte  for  It  today. 
WING  SEED  CO..  BOX  3  MCCHANIC&BURG.  OHIO 
Look  out  for  Buckhorn  and  other  weeds  in  clover  this 
year.  Very  little  pure  seed  to  be  had.  Ours  is  practically 
free  from  weed  seeds  and  waste.  Much  the  cheapest  to 
sow.  All  other  varieties  of  field  seed#.  Samples  and  instruc¬ 
tions  "How  to  Know  Good  Seed."  FREE.  Write  today. 
O.  M.  SCOTT  &  SONS  CO. 
130  Main  Street.  Marysville  Ohio 
Cnnrl  Pnrn  5000  Bushels  sound  Seed  Corn,  also 
lilt  DU  Ijlll  II.  Oats.  Barley,  Alfalfa,  etc.  1200 
Acres.  40  page  catalog  free. 
W.  N.  SCARFF,  Box  I,  New  Carlisle.  Ohio 
KELLY  SERVICE  IS  PERSONAL  SERVICE 
Thousands  of  choice  specimen*  of  ull  the  standard  vurletn  ti  of  Apple.  Feacdt. 
Fear.  Plum,  i  'berry,  amt  Qiilticti  Trees— Stuu.ll  Fruits,  etc.,  backed  by  30  years 
of  expert  culture,  nliippeil  direct  from  our  Nurseries  to  your  orchard. 
When  you  plant  a  Kelly  free  you  know  that  it  h;u  received  the  personal  at¬ 
tention  of  one  of  the  IP.  e  Ke.lv  brothers  from  the  seedling  to  the  shipment.  Our 
troes  are  guaranteed  absolutely  to  be  sturdy,  free  from  disease,  and  true  to 
name.  You  do  not  speculate  :t  Kelly  stock,  you  Invest  In  Kelly  security. 
Send  for  your  oopy  of  our  lat  er.,  free,  Ifctlt;  Catalog.  It  desarlbvH  our  stock  ami 
quotes  low  prices.  Your  nanto  on  a  postal  now  will  bring  it  by  return  mail. 
KELLY  BROS.  WHOLESALE  NURSERIES,  11B  Main  St.,  Dansville,  N.  Y. 
You'll  Never  Kcgfet.  Planting  Kelly  Trees 
Wet  weather  damaged  nearly  all  seeds.  Most  are  full  of 
blasted  grains  and  weeds  such  as  Buckhorn,  Thistle  ami 
Dock.  Ours  are  not,  and  arc  far  the  cheapest  to  sow. 
Scarcity  of  good  seed  makes  early  buying  advisable. 
Samples  anti  instructions  "Now  lo  Know  Good  Seed,"  EREE.  Write  today 
O.  M.  SCOTT  &  SONS  CO. 
30  Main  Street,  Marysville  Ohio 
SHEERIN’S 
FRESH  DUG 
FRUIT  TREES 
Buy  At  One-Half  Agent’s  Prices  oq4^‘6i  no’ 
Let  me  send  you  my  catalogue— it's  free  to  everybody— It’s  dif-  ®  ‘ 
ferent.  It  tells  you  facts  about  my  fresh  dug  trees  and  how  you  reacn,  a ,  J*U/2  IL 
can  save  money  and  receive  a  guaranteed  SQUARE  DEAL.  $9.00  per  100. 
Write  today  and  see  the  difference  in  buying  direct  from  grower  than  through  agents. 
SHEERIN’S  WHOLESALE  NURSERIES,  48  Seward  St.,  Dansville,  N.Y. 
OVULE  I  ULUVCIt 
White  Blossoms.  Biggest  bargain  in  unhulled  Sweet  Clo¬ 
ver  this  Huason.  Have  scarified  hulled  seed  at  low  prieea. 
Wonderful  money-maker.  Best  paying  crop  on  the  Farm 
today.  Builds  up  worn  out  land  rapidly  and  produce* 
heavy,  momy-tmtking  crops  while  doing  it.  Splendid  pas¬ 
ture  and  hay;  InocubdeH  your  land  for  Alfulfa.  Keep  up 
with  the  time*.  Investigate.  It  will  pay  you  to  get  out* 
free  samples  and  prices  and  big  Profit  Sharing  exclusive 
I’  if -Id  and  Grass  Soud  Guido,  ll’n  free.  AMERICAN  Mut¬ 
ual  SEED  Co..  Dept,  U60#  43rd  arid  Kohy  St.>.Chicago,  111. 
FACTS  ABOUT  HARRIS  SEEDS 
We  tell  the  bad  points  about  a  variety  as  well  as  the 
good  ones,  and  we  mark  the  percent  that  germinates  on 
the  label  of  every  lot  of  seeds  we  sell  so  the  purchaser 
can  tell  just  what  proportion  will  come  up  and  therefore 
how  thick  to  plant.  No  otlu-r  seedsmen  do  this. 
Harris  Seeds  are  Sold  at  Wholesale  Prices 
Wc  semi  seeds  direct  I  rum  Ou  r  Fatttl  to  yours  and  so  can  sell  the  best 
seeds  at  low  ptices.  Harris  Seed  Corn  is  bred  right  and  cuted 
tight.  We  oflct  a  new  big  dent  variety  this  ycat  that  is  a 
wonder  tor  the  North — Bumper  crop  oats,  the  biggest  oats 
eycr  raised  in  New  York  State — Seed  Potatoes  raised 
the  “hill-unit"  method  of  selection  yield  big  crops. 
rSjffiffiftfcBfne  Write  lor  Iree  catalogue  and  If  you 
rniao  vi'KOtnbleB  fu!‘  Market  nab  fur 
Market  Gardener,  prico  hat  ulna,  m  ■  W .V  -  1  •  J 
Jsseph  Harris  Co.,  Coidwme?,3N.  y. 
PURE  FIELD  SEEDS  SS: 
and  all  kinds  of  Furo  Field  Seeds  direct  from 
producer  to  consumer;  free  front  noxious  weeds 
Ask  for  samples.  A.  C.  HOYT  S  CO. ,  Box  R.  Fusturia,  Ohio 
Thr**  earliest ve^ tables  in  cultivation  /or  10c.  One 
packet  each.  RobitiBon'a  Ea&rUeat  Tomato.  Earl  ion  t 
Round  Red  Radish,  Earliest  Lettuce,  lUc  to  new 
eustamer».  Regular  price  30c.  CATALOG  FREE- 
C.  N.  Robinson  &  Bro. ,  Dept.51,  Haliimorc^Md. 
UcDOXALD  BLACK  BERRY,  earliest,  largest 
m  mostvalunbleot  all.  L.ft,  Johnson.  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo 
