THE  RURAI>  NEW-YORKER 
23 
some  more  carbon  a  ceotis  feed.  It  is  dif¬ 
ficult  to  estimate  the  amount  a  cow  will 
eat  when  on  pasture,  as  it  depends  al¬ 
most  entirely  on  the  quality  of  the  grass 
growing  therein,  and  the  season  of  the 
year.  During  the  latter  part  of  May 
and  June  the  grass  is  fresh  and  juicy, 
which  makes  it  so  palatable  that  the 
COWS  will  eat  large  quantities  and  do 
well  on  it.  while  as  the  season  advances 
the  grass  becomes  tough  and  dry  and  it 
is  not  eaten  with  the  same  relish.  This 
causes  a  gradual  decrease  in  consump¬ 
tion,  depending  largely  on  the  weather 
until  about  this  season  of  the  year  when 
it  is  not  safe  to  depend  on  pasturage  for 
any  material  part  of  the  ration.  The 
best  guide  that  I  can  give  to  determine 
the  amount  of  pasturage  eaten  is  the 
quantity  of  milk  produced.  As  the  pas¬ 
tures  fail  to  furnish  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  palatable  feed  the  deficiency  must  be 
supplied  in  some  other  way  or  the  pro¬ 
duction  of  milk  will  diminish  in  propor¬ 
tion,  The  only  change  1  would  suggest 
in  your  ration  is  to  supply  some  form  of 
succulence  such  as  silage,  roots,  cabbage, 
dried  beet  pulp  or  molasses  in  addition  to 
the  feed  given.  C.  s.  G. 
Ration  for  Cows 
Will  you  balance  a  ration  from  the 
following  for  cows  giving  30  to  33  pounds 
of  milk  a  day?  Wc  feed  one  bushel  corn 
silage  night  and  morning,  a  small  feed 
of  hay  at  noon  and  one  bushel  of  Out 
corn  stover  late  at  night.  Bran  $26  a 
ton;  gluten  meal  $32;  mixed  feed  $28.50; 
corn  meal  $1.70  cwt. ;  cottonseed  $1.90; 
linseed  $2;  beet  pulp  $1.00;  Union  grains 
$1.85,  Do  yon  think  it  would  be  advis¬ 
able  to  buy  Alfalfa  meal  to  feed  in  place 
of  rowen  bay  for  which  we  pay  $20  a 
ton?  Has  apple  pomace  very  much  feed¬ 
ing  value?  Would  you  advise  feeding  it 
where  it  can  be  obtained  for  little  or 
nothing?  W.  J.  M. 
So.  Manchester,  Conn. 
In  figuring  the  ration  given  below,  I 
have  assumed  1100  pounds  as  the  average 
live  weight  of  your  cows  and  4  per  cent, 
as  the  average  test  of  the  milk.  That 
being  the  case  the  following  ration  would 
supply  the  necessary  nutrients.  This  ra¬ 
tion  is  compiled  using  the  feeds  given 
in  your  letter:  30  to  35  pounds  corn  sil¬ 
age  :  10  pounds  corn  stover,  five  pounds 
rowen,  eight  pounds  grain  mixture  made 
up  of  200  pounds  gluten,  200  pounds  cot¬ 
tonseed  meal,  100  pounds  of  linseed  meal, 
300  pounds  bran.  At  present  grain  prices 
this  grain  ration  is  not  an  economical 
one,  it  costing  $1.61  per  hundred.  Dis¬ 
tillers’  grains,  quoted  at  $33  per  ton,  are 
being  used  extensively  to  furnish  protein 
in  the  place  of  cottonseed  and  linseed 
nieiil  and  wheat  middlings,  quoted  at  $28 
per  ton,  are  a  good  buy.  If  you  can  se¬ 
cure  these  feeds,  make  your  grain  ration 
400  pounds  dried  distillers’  grains,  200 
pounds  gluten,  100  pounds  middlings,  100 
pounds  bran.  This  grain  ration  costs 
but  $1.54  per  hundred  pounds,  a  saving 
of  seven  cents  per  hundred.  I  do  not 
think  it  advisable  to  buy  Alfalfa  meal 
to  feed  in  place  of  rowen  hay,  which  you 
say  you  buy  for  $20  per  ton. 
Apple  pomace  has  a  feeding  value  equal 
to  one-lialf  that  of  corn  silage.  It  is  fed 
extensively  in  some  localities.  Figured 
on  the  basis  of  the  value  <>f  corn  silage,  it 
would  be  worth  about  $1.50  to  $2  per  ton, 
at  the  mill ;  price  would  depend  largely 
on  length  of  haul.  ir.  F.  J. 
Dairy  Ration  Without  Silage 
Will  you  let  me  know  how  to  com¬ 
pound  a  ration  with  corn,  oats  and  a  lim¬ 
ited  supply  of  buckwheat  and  what  other 
feed  to  buy  to  balance  it  for  milking 
cows?  The  above  grains  I  have  on  the 
farm,  and  dry  cornstalks  for  roughage.  I 
have  no  silage  or  clover  hay  for  this  Win¬ 
ter  so  I  shall  have  to  get  along  the  best  I 
can.  Also  how  to  make  up  a  ration  for 
growing  heifers  with  above  grains.  J.  S. 
New  Fultz,  N.  Y. 
As  a  “balanced”  ration  cannot  be  com¬ 
pounded  from  foods  all  low  iu  protein 
content,  as  are  those  raised  on  your  farm, 
it  will  be  necessary  to  purchase  some  mill 
feeds  to  combine  with  them.  Your  buck¬ 
wheat  being  of  least  value  in  a  dairy  ra¬ 
tion  and  bringing  a  good  price  in  the 
market,  may  well  lie  exchanged  for  some 
high  protein  foods  like  gluten  feed,  cotton 
seed  meal,  etc.  With  only  corn  fodder  for 
roughage,  you  cannot  expect  as  good  re¬ 
sults  as  might  be  obtained  with  silage  nud 
clover  hay  ;  still,  your  problem  is  how  to 
make  the  most  out  of  what  you  have ;  a 
problem  which  confronts  the  majority  of 
dairymen.  For  a  grain  ration  you  may 
combine  the  following:  equal  parts  of 
corn  and  oats,  ground  together,  or  either 
alone,  one  part :  mixed  wheat  feed  or 
bran  or  middlings,  one  part ;  gluten  feed 
or  buckwheat  middlings  of  cotton  seed 
meal,  one  part;  these  proportions  being 
by  weight.  Of  the  feeds  suggested,  use 
the  one  in  each  group  that  you  can  pur¬ 
chase  most  cheaply.  Dried  beet  pulp, 
moistened  with  warm  water,  makes  a  fail- 
substitute  for  roots  or  silage  and,  if  you 
have  good  cows,  it  would  be  well  for  you 
to  try  this  in  addition  to  your  grain  ra¬ 
tion,  weighing  your  milk  carefully  to  see 
if  you  can  get  profitable  returns  for  it, 
giving  several  pounds  of  the  dry  pulp 
daily  in  addition  to  the  grain.  Only  a 
trial  will  demonstrate  the  amount  that 
can  be  advantageously  fed.  For  the  grow¬ 
ing  heifers,  corn  and  oat  chop  with  one- 
third  its  weight  of  wheat  bran,  fed  in 
quantity  sufficient  to  keep  the  young  stock 
growing,  but  not  fat,  will  be  suitable. 
M.  B.  D. 
Ration  for  Holstein  Cows 
How  should  I  feed  my  six  big  Holstein 
cows  for  best  results?  I  have  seven  acres 
of  corn,  five  tons  clover  hay,  one  acre 
mangels,  wet  brewery  grains  cost.  35  cents 
a  hundred  (could  use  dry  grains  if  you 
think  it  better ) .  What  else  must  I  buy 
to  make  a  good  balanced  ration  anil  how 
much  should  I  feed  for  most  milk  at  least 
cost?  V.  DE  C. 
New  Jersey. 
You  have  a  good  start  toward  a  bal¬ 
anced  ration  in  your  corn,  clover,  man¬ 
gels  and  brewery  grains.  You  do  not 
mention  a  silo,  so  I  assume  that  you  will 
cut  the  corn  and  feed  it  either  in  the 
form  of  fodder  or  stover,  and  seven  acres 
ought  to  produce  move  than  you  can  use. 
If  the  corn  is  run  through  a  fodder  cutter 
and  cut  into  about  one-Iuch  lengths,  it 
will  be  eaten  much  better,  and  produce 
better  results. 
If  it  is  convenient  for  you  to  get  the 
wet  grains  so  you  can  feed  them  fresh.  I 
would  continue  their  use  instead  of 
changing  to  the  dried  grains,  and  the 
only  additional  feeds  you  would  need  to 
purchase  are  a  little  cornmeal  and  gluten. 
The  following  ration  would  be  about 
right :  All  the  coni  fodder  your  cows 
will  eat  twice  a  day,  morning  and  even¬ 
ing,  with  a  light  feed  of  clover  hay  at 
noon,  together  with  all  the.  mangels  that 
will  be  readily  eaten.  The  grain  ration 
would  consist  of  20  or  25  pounds  of  the 
wet  grains  and  about  three  pounds  of 
cornmeal  and  three  pounds  of  gluten  feed 
to  be  divided  equally  between  the  morn¬ 
ing  and  evening  feeds.  These  amounts 
may  not  be  exactly  right,  but  yon  can 
easily  regulate  this  according  to  the  re- 
quiivments  of  each  cow,  and  the  amount 
of  milk  she  is  giving.  C.  S.  G. 
Another  Dairy  Ration 
What  change  if  any  would  you  suggest 
in  the  following  cow  ration?  Good  quality 
of  fodder  corn,  all  cows  will  eat  night  and 
morning;  about  25  or  30  pounds  of  pump¬ 
kins  per  cow  onc-e  a  day ;  an  average  of 
about  four  pounds  per  omv  of  the  follow¬ 
ing  grain  mixture:  100  lbs.  cornmeal, 
cost  $1.60  per  hundred;  100  lbs.  wheat 
bran,  $1.35;  100  lbs.  gluten  feed,  $1.50; 
100  lbs.  cottonseed  meal,  $1.90.  Cows 
run  on  pasture  during  rhe  day,  but  do 
not  get  very  much  feed  from  that  source. 
I  have  four  grade  llolsteins  and  one 
grade  Jersey.  The  milk  tested  35  per 
cent,  in  July.  I  am  getting  about  60 
pounds  per  day  now.  and  making  butter 
which  sells  for  33  cents  per  pound.  I  can 
get  distillers’  dried  grains  for  $1.85  per 
hundred.  o.  h.  s. 
New  York. 
Your  grain  ration  is  a  good  one,  and  I 
see  no  occasion  for  changing  it  if  the  cows 
are  doing  well.  It  is  higher  in  protein 
than  would  be  necessary  if  you  were  feed¬ 
ing  clover  or  Alfalfa  hay,  or  even  good 
mixed  hay  with  clover  in  it.  Corn  fodder 
contains  less  protein  than  these  other 
grasses  aiul  this  lack  may  be  made  up  in 
the  grain  ration.  As  it  is,  you  can  lessen 
the  expense  of  your  ration,  slightly,  by 
discarding  the  cottonseed  meal  and  using 
equal  parts  by  weight  of  the  other  in¬ 
gredients.  True,  you  will  lower  the  pro¬ 
tein  content  somewhat  but  I  doubt  if  you 
will  note  any  difference  in  the  production 
of  milk.  For  the  sake  of  comparison,  I 
give,  in  round  numbers,  the  protein  con¬ 
tent  of  these  foods:  Cornmeal,  10  per 
cent;  wheat  bran,  15  per  cent.;  gluten 
feed,  25  per  cent,,  and  cottonseed  meal, 
45  per  cent.  The  cornmeal  is  needed  with 
most  cows,  the  bran  adds  bulk  and  pala- 
tability  and  the  cottonseed  meal  nr  the 
gluten  feed  furnish  a  high  amount  of 
protein..  Which  should  be  used  of  the 
latter  two  depends  chiefly  upon  their  com¬ 
parative  price;  buy  the  one  that  will 
give  you  the  most  protein  for  the  money. 
IT.  B.  I). 
Indigestion 
What  can  I  do  for  my  horse?  She 
weighs  1,100,  is  very  thin.  I  feed  her 
four  quarts  of  corn  and  oats  three  times 
a  day,  and  plenty  of  good  hay.  Manure 
is  very  soft  aud  horse’s  stomach  rolls 
even  if  she  is  traveling  or  standing.  8he 
has  sores  on  her  neck,  and  I  cannot  heal 
them.  X.  X. 
New  York. 
Hav  the  teeth  attended  to  by  a  veter¬ 
inarian  and  have  her  clipped  if  the  coat 
is  long  and  rough.  Feed  from  a  very 
large  box  to  prevent  bolting  of  feed.  Al¬ 
low  whole  oats  and  one-ninth  part  of 
wheat  bran  by  weight,  but  do  not  feed 
corn.  Feed  about  half  of  what  you  have 
been  allowing  and  see  that  she  is  worked 
or  exercised  every  day.  In  each  feed 
mix  a  tablespoonful  of  a  mixture  of  two 
parts  of  powdered  wood  charcoal  and  one 
part  each  of  powdered  nux  vomica,  bicar¬ 
bonate  of  soda  and  ground  gentian  and 
ginger  roots.  Give  the  drinking  water 
before  feeding.  Bed  with  shavings  or 
sawdust  if  she  eats  her  bedding.  Allow 
free  access  to  rock  salt.  a.  s.  a. 
We  have  been  reading  about  your  Cow- 
horn  turnips.  We  raised  some  that 
weighed  pounds  apiece,  but  did  not 
measure  the  length.  We  cut  them  up  aud 
feed  one  bushel  twice  a  day  to  each  cow 
that  we  milk,  also  place  where  chickens 
can  eat  them  and  have  no  trouble  to  get 
rid  of  them.  I  have  planted  turnips  for 
several  years  sowing  with  clover  and 
Timothy  seed.  We  mix  the  turnip  seed, 
but  file  cows  prefer  the  Cow-horn  turnips 
to  the  others.  Two  years  ago  we  fed 
1009  bushels  of  turnips  to  our  cows. 
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