20 
i'HE  KUKAL  NEW-YORKER 
January  1,  1916. 
Winter  Management  of  Farm  Horses 
Dr.  David  Roberts’ 
Care  of  Stable. — One  of  the  most  <>s- 
sential  iVaturos  to  bo  consitlotvd  in  the 
Winter  management  of  farm  work  horses 
is  to  have  them  in  good  condition  prop¬ 
erly  to  perform  the  tasks  of  the  coming 
Spring  work.  A  light  and  well-ventilated 
stable  is  very  important.  Some  stables, 
especially  where  the  Winters  are  unusu¬ 
ally  severe,  have  but  few  windows.  With¬ 
out  plenty  of  fresh  air  and  sunshine  it  is 
impossible  to  keep  a  stable  as  sanitary 
and  comfortable  as  it  ought  to  be.  Win¬ 
dows  should  he  placed  as  high  from  the 
floor  as  possible,  so  that  when  they  arc 
opened  there  will  be  less  draft  directly 
against  the  horses.  In  my  horse  barn 
there  are  several  windows,  and  by  open¬ 
ing  two  or  more  at  various  times,  accord¬ 
ing  to  the  wind  and  sun,  the  change  of  air 
is  made  without  making  an  undue  draft 
upon  the  horses.  Cleanliness  is  an  ex¬ 
ceedingly  important  matter.  A  plentiful 
supply  of  bedding  is  necessary  and  for 
this  purpose  I  have  found  nothing  better 
than  good  sound  wheat  straw.  When  the 
straw  in  the  stables  has  become  soiled 
this  is  removed  and  a  fresh  supply  put  in. 
Health  and  Exercise. — The  care  of 
work  horses  in  the  Winter  should  be 
with  a  view  to  the  building  up  of  strong 
muscles  and  energy  for  work,  and  only 
such  care  should  be  given  as  will  be  con¬ 
ducive  to  that  result.  If  the  horses  are 
not  used  at  some  kind  of  work  all  or  a 
part  of  every  day,  they  ought  to  have  a 
yard  or  paddock  in  which  to  take  exer¬ 
cise  when  the  weather  is  favorable.  The 
horse  cannot  build  up  and  maintain  body 
vigor  and  strong  and  supple  muscles  with¬ 
out  outdoor  exercise  and  fresh  air.  The 
horse  that  exhibits  the  greatest  endur¬ 
ance  in  the  collar  is  the  one  that  is 
healthy  and  well  fed,  so  the  Winter  man¬ 
agement  imposes  liberal  and  judicious 
feeding.  It  is  needless  to  say  that  the 
superb  vigor  so  characteristic  of  high- 
class  farm  horses  cannot  be  maintained 
by  poor  feeding.  The  weak  emaciated 
horse  loses  money  for  his  owner  by  lack 
of  endurance  and  decreasing  vitality. 
Such  weak,  run-down  horses  should  not 
be  tolerated,  much  less  courted.  The  ex- 
1  •♦•use  of  maintaining  farm  horses  is  no 
small  item.  It  may  be  ns  much  as  $100 
ihe  digestive  system  of  the  animal  is  re¬ 
duced  to  the  lowest  possible  degree.  Al¬ 
falfa  and  clover  are  excellent  feeds  to  cut 
and  feed  with  grain,  and  the  danger  of 
dust  is  eliminated  if  the  mixture  is 
sprinkled  with  a  little  lime  witter  at 
feeding  time.  When  feeding  cut  clover 
and  Alfalfa  with  the  grain  ration  it  gives 
a  wider  variety  to  feed  Timothy  or  mixed 
hay  for  the  roughage  ration  at  night. 
Sifting  Feed. — Few  there  are  who 
think  it  necessary  to  have  a  sieve  for 
cleaning  the  grain  and  especially  oats 
which  arc  fed  to  horses.  Yet  it  may  safely 
be  said  that  this  is  one  of  the  most  im¬ 
portant  of  the  minor  Implements  of  the 
stable.  The  use  of  the  sieve  saves  horses 
from  the  annoyance  of  swallowing  bits  of 
wire  and  other  trash  quite  common  in 
these  days  of  automatic  binders,  and  saves 
the  teeth  of  the  animal  from  being  broken 
ou  gravel  or  other  hard  substances  in  the 
grain. 
Watering. — Of  course  the  supply  of 
water  must  be  pure  and  wholesome.  The 
watering  pails  or  troughs  should  be  kept, 
clean  at  all  times.  About  an  hour  be¬ 
fore  feeding  I  give  my  horses  all  the 
water  they  will  drink.  The  water  passes 
through  the  stomach  rapidly.  Watering 
should  not  be  done  directly  after  the 
horses  have  been  fed  because  the  water 
will  carry  out  of  the  stomach  a  portion  of 
undigested  feed  which  is  wasted.  Salt  is 
a  necessity  and  this  I  keep  in  reach  of 
the  horses  at  all  times,  a  box  being  kept 
for  that  purpose.  H.  tl  u, 
Illinois. 
Certified  Milk 
Will  you  inform  me  as  to  the  require¬ 
ments  for  producing  certified  milk,  both 
as  to  methods  and  equipments?  We  tire 
planning  a  new  barn  to  be  built  next 
Summer,  and  if  possible  would  like  to 
build  to  conform  with  any  such  require¬ 
ments.  Will  it  be  necessary  to  have  herd 
tuberculin  tested?  L.  B. 
East  Worcester,  X.  Y. 
The  Sanitary  Code  of  Xew  York  State 
provides  that  no  milk  shall  be  offered  for 
sale  iu  this  State  as  "certified’’  unless  it 
bears  the  certification  of  a  milk  commis¬ 
sion  appointed  by  a  county  medical  so¬ 
ciety,  which  certification  shall  state  that 
Dr.  David  Roberts  Veterinary  Co. 
110  Wisconsin  Ave.,  Waukesha,  Wi* 
a  year,  and  I  am  very  well  aware  that  it 
can  scarcely  he  less  than  $50.  When  to 
t  bis  is  added  the  depreciation  of  the 
horses,  interest,  etc.,  no  arguments  are 
necessary  to  convince  us  that  we  should 
get  the  most  work  possible  out  of  every 
horse  on  the  farm.  It  costs  to  feed  the 
idle  horses,  and  for  this  reason  it  is  a 
fundamental  economy  to  have  them  in  the 
best  of  condition  to  go  into  the  work  of 
Spring  and  perform  steady  everyday  ser¬ 
vice. 
Feeding. — Regular  and  careful  feed¬ 
ing  on  a  good  allowance  of  clean  palatable 
hay  and  just  enough  wholesome  grain  feed 
to  keep  them  in  a  thrifty  flesh-gaining 
condition  is  all  that  is  required  (in  the 
matter  of  feeding)  to  keep  the  horses  in 
good  condition  till  the  arrival  of  Spring. 
I  believe  the  greatest  mistake  made  in 
feeding  horses  is  that  of  giving  too  much 
roughage.  The  horse  has  a  small  stom¬ 
ach,  and  is  not  capable  of  handling  a 
large  amount  of  coarse  feed,  like  a  cow  m 
a  steer.  Where  10  or  15  pounds  of  rough¬ 
age  are  required  by  the  average  work 
horse  many  are  fed  all  they  can  be  in¬ 
duced  to  eat.  Their  digestion  becomes 
weakened,  their  intestines  clogged  and 
their  general  appearance  sluggish.  In 
many  cases  sick  and  out  of  condition 
lmrses  may  be  cured  by  merely  cutting 
down  on  their  roughage  ration.  Iu  my 
own  practice  I  feed  my  work  horses  two 
feeds  of  cut  bay  mixed  with  grain  morn¬ 
ing  and  noon,  and  at  night  a  liberal  feed¬ 
ing  of  bright  clean  hay.  I  feed  about 
three  pounds  of  cut  hay  with  the  grain 
ration,  which  is  varied  to  meet  the  needs 
of  the  horses  that  are  being  fed.  From 
% 
six  to  eight  pounds  should  be  sufficient 
for  a  horse  that  is  not  doing  hard  work. 
A  mixture  of  corn  and  oats  makes  one  of 
the  best  grain  rations  I  have  ever  used. 
If  the  corn  and  oats  are  crushed  and 
mixed  with  cut  hay  the  danger  of  im¬ 
paction  is  greatly  reduced  because  the 
food  must  be  consumed  more  slowly.  If 
plenty  of  roughage  is  thoroughly  mixed 
with  the  grain  the  danger  of  deranging 
the  milk  is  free  from  antiseptics,  added 
preservatives  and  pathogenic  bacteria,  or 
any  bacteria  in  excessive  numbers;  and 
no  such  certification  may  be  made  by  any 
milk  commission  unless  the  cows  produc¬ 
ing  the  milk  shall  have  been  tested  with 
tuberculin  during  the  preceding  year  and 
unless  all  reacting  cows  shall  have  been 
promptly  excluded  from  the  herd.  As 
will  be  geen,  there  are  no  specifications 
with  regard  to  methods  or  equipment,  bur, 
in  order  that,  your  stables  may  conform 
to  the  requirements  of  authorized  inspec¬ 
tors  from  hoards  of  health,  you  will  do 
well  to  obtain  from  your  local  health  offi-  I 
cer  the  score  card  which  he  is  furnished 
by  the  State,  and  note  from  that  those 
conditions  which  are  considered  ideal. 
With  that  as  a  guide,  you  will  easily  oo 
able  to  avoid  any  serious  errors  in  stable 
construction  or  methods  of  handling  the 
milk.  It  is  upon  the  latter,  however, 
that  your  ability  to  meet  the  require¬ 
ments  as  to  certified  milk  will  largely 
depend.  m.  b.  ij. 
Every  Farmer  needs 
these  Grinding  Plates 
THEY  save  time  and  expense  m  grind¬ 
ing  all  kinds  of  grain.  But  here's  the 
principal  feature  —  //try  grind  green,  soft 
corn  ropidly  and  fine  without  choking.  This 
is  made  possible  by  our  new  improved 
grinding  plates  made  for  all  styles  of 
Jlem  (s/hUand 
Feed  Mills 
If  you  already  have  a  NEW  HOLLAND,  we'll 
make  It  belter  than 
set  ol  these  plates, 
thinking  of  buying 
us  about  our  prop- 
n  When  new  with  a 
*'  wfaL \  Or  1  f  you  are 
l  a  new  mill,  ask 
Jj/i rS\  t,sl,ion  before 
you  purchase 
M.  .  some  other  mill. 
ffl  NEW  HOLLAND 
fill  MACHINE  CO. 
y  Box  41, 
U  New  Holland,  Pa. 
IS  li  w  villi  Dumping  Caldron.  Empties  Hsl 
l  iijjc  r  kettle  In  OHO  min nle.  Simplest  anti 
best,  stock  feedcooker.  Water  jacket 
itfr  i  prevents  burning.  Just  the  thing  to 
heat  milk  for  calves  or  pigs.  Prac- 
fj  L  tieal  for  household  use. 
We  make23  sizes  and  kinds 
I  of  stock  food  cookersl 
Also  Dairy  and  Laundry  Stoves,  Waterand  Steam 
Jacket  Kettles,  Hog  Scalders,  Caldrons,  etc. 
■ftsEWrite  us.  Ask  for  ourillustrated  catalogue  J 
D.  R.  SPERRY  &  CO.,  Box  15 ,  Batavia.  III. 
LinDCF  I  A  ur4  Csn  K I  MUG'S  Fntnont 
nUndt  i  am t  r  uim-hkm  a!Ui.  lUr« 
■  I VI  IWh  bnillk  m  for  boul,  ,wgi  MUll  bltl0d 
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principles.  Thimble  skein  or 
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Trucks  also  with  either 
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LET  US  TAN 
YOUR  HIDE. 
Cattle  nr  Horse  hide.  Calf.  Dae,  Deer 
oriuiy  kind  of  akin  with hair  or  lur  on. 
We  ten  and  tlnlah  them  right;  mat," 
them  into  coals  ifor  turn  and  noni.m 
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valuable  book  except  upon  request. 
It  tills  liow  to  take  otf  anti  care  for 
hides;  how  and  when  we  pay  the  freight 
both  way*  {about,  our  Bale  dyeing  pro 
Ce ns  which  is  »  tremendous  advantage 
Vo  tiio  customer,  especially  on  hor.o 
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Know  How  Much  You  Make  This  Year 
No  one  shall  pay  a  cent  for  Blckmoro's  Farm  Account  Book.  Mr.  Farmer,  simply  send  us  your  name  and 
address.  Business  farming  puts  money  in  the  bank.  This  book  is  arranged  to  keep  all  accounts  in  simple 
form— more  simple,  and  certainly  more  practical  than  trying  to  remember tnem;  shows  what  to  charge  against 
crop  production;  has  a  laborer's  time  record;  and  secUon  lor  personal  accounts.  04  pages;  for  Ink  ar  pencil. 
Not  a  cheap  aliair.  Its  quality  is  in  keeping  with 
BICKMORE’S  GALL  CURE 
A  soothing,  healing  salve,  the  old-time  reliable  horse  remedy.  Horses  arc  now  loo  valuable  and  too  high  priced 
to  lake  enunces  of  losing  Ihciv  services.  Get  full  value  out  ol  yours.  Bickmore’*  Gall  Cure  heals  and  cures 
Kaiiiess  am!  Ba-liUe  Galls,  Rope  Burn.  Cuts,  Scratches,  Grease  Heel,  etc.  Keeps  them  sound 
_ _ _ and  in  condition  for  Work.  You  don't  have  to  lay  the  hotve  oil.  Blckmore’s  Gall  Cure 
gr  \  T  'm  :  nBrin  cures  while  the  horse  works.  Great  thing  for  sore  teats  in  cows.  Look  out  lor  substitutes 
■N  and  cheap  imitations.  He  sure  to  ask  lor  Blckmore’s  Gall  Cure  at  the  store.  The  Work- 
horse  trade  mark  on  every  box.  Farm  Account  Book  la  ready.  Send  today. 
BICKMORE  CALL  CURE  CO. 
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