RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
||  being  tipped  over  by  sotting  them  in  a 
box  like  an  orange  crate  upon  the  floor. 
Floors. — The  most  inexpensive  floors 
-  are  of  dry  dirt,  and  if  taken  care  of  and 
ltrv  house  the  ll>nc'ved  011  the  surface  from  time  to 
uild  be  easily  time  are  as  satisfactory  as  any.  Concrete 
place  provide  >s  most  easily  cleaned,  is  permanent, 
mites.  Fixed  saves  labor,  and  if  kept  covered  by  litter 
'ests  should  be  is  very  desirable.  Wood  is  equally  desir- 
i  short  enough  able  save  for  its  lack  of  durability.  The 
n  from  place  kind  of  floor  to  be  chosen  depends  more 
ently  fixed  be-  upon  the  pocketbook  than  anything  else. 
are  specially  Faint. — From  the  esthetic  standpoint, 
atforms  them-  this  is  to  be  desired.  It  won’t  help  the 
jy  many  good  egg  yield  but  it  maintains  pride;  and, 
being  allowed  next  to  his  bank  account,  the  hardest 
they  are  pro-  thing  for  a  poultry  man  to  maintain  is 
up  in  front  of  his  pride.  He  must  do  it.  however,  else 
out.  Hoppers  his  place  soon  becomes  littered  by  dead 
il  use,  and  or-  hens,  discarded  nest  boxes  and  other  rub- 
quart  gal  van-  bish,  and  wears  a  generally  neglected 
good  drinking  air;  and  of  all  blots  upon  a  fair  land- 
ley  are  easily  scape,  a  neglected  poultry  plant  is  about 
be  kept  from  the  most  offensive.  jr.  b.  d. 
January  15,  1916. 
Inflamed  Eyes 
M.v  fowls’  eyelids  seem  to  swell  up,  get 
sore  aud  stick  together.  It  usually  seems 
to  be  ou  the  left  side.  A  neighbor  said 
it  was  chicken-pox  but  I  don’t  think  it  is. 
( build  you  tell  me  what  to  do  for  this? 
I  have  washed  their  eyes  with  boracic 
acid  but  it  does  uo  good.  G.  f. 
New  Jersey. 
Fowls  are  subject  to  catarrhal  inflam¬ 
mations  of  the  eyes,  and  as  a  result,  a 
sticky  discharge  accumulates  and  glues 
the  eyelids  together.  More  serious  in¬ 
flammations,  such  as  those  caused  by 
roup,  may  also  occur  with  much  the  same 
symptoms.  Fowls  so  affected  should  be 
removed  from  the  flock  to  avoid  spread¬ 
ing  the  infection  and  may  be  treated  by 
dipping  their  heads  at  frequent  intervals 
into  a  strong  solution  of  potassium  per¬ 
manganate,  about  a  teaspoonful  of  the 
crystals  to  the  quart  of  water.  A  weak¬ 
er  solution  may  also  he  given  the  fowls 
to  drink.  It  is  not  worth  while  to  treat 
hens  that  are  so  seriously  affected  as  to 
destroy  their  usefulness  hut  the  milder 
forms  of  infection  are  frequently  recov¬ 
ered  from  without  permanent  damage  to 
the  flock.  m.  b.  D. 
Poultry-house  Construction 
Part  II. 
Foundations. — Except  on  very  open  terior  furnishings  of  a 
soil  which  does  not  heave  with  the  frost,  better,  and  everything 
foundation  walls  should  be  carried  below  moved.  Nests  nailed 
the  line  of  such  disturbance.  Stone  and  hiding  places  for  lice 
concrete  are  the  best  materials  for  these,  perches  are  equally  ba( 
Heavy  sills  arc  usually  not  required,  as  simple  as  possible  a 
timbers  4x4  inches  or  4x6  inches  are  usu-  sections  to  be  easily 
ally  ample  in  size.  Two  2x4  scantlings  and  cleaned:  those  pel 
spiked  together  are  frequently  used.  neath  droppings  platf 
Walls. — Double  walls,  with  or  with-  abominable.  Dropping 
out  insulating  material  between  them,  selves  are  now  discari 
are  giving  place  to  airtight  single  walls,  poultrymeu ;  the  dropp 
These  latter  are  much  cheaper  and  suffi-  to  fall  to  the  floor  wl 
ciently  warm.  The  essential  tiling  is  tec  ted  by  a  wide  board 
that  they  be  airtight.  If  boards  are  them  until  they  are  de 
placed  vertically,  few.  if  any  studs  are  for  dry  foods  are  in  gi 
needed  and,  if  matched  stuff  is  used,  bat-  dinary  twelve  or  four 
tens  or  paper  are  not  required.  P.atteus  ized  iron  pails  make 
are  expensive  and  unsatisfactory.  Just  fountains  as  anything, 
now.  matched  hoards  of  Southern  pine  t  carried,  cleaned,  and  i 
are  cheaper  in  most  markets  than  native  —  — 
pine  or  hemlock.  As  they  may  be  ob-  **^^1  1-yy^ 
tained  in  a  variety  of  uniform  lengths,  **'  I  f  ill 
they  cut  to  advantage,  leaving  little  or  no  A  ^ 
waste.  While  not  as  durable  lumber  as  that 
from  native  wood,  if  painted  and  kept 
above  water,  it  is  a  satisfactory  building 
material.  Rough  hoards  may  he  used  if 
well  batteued  or  covered  with  building 
paper.  Unless  old  boards  can  be  ob¬ 
tained.  however,  such  a  wall  is  apt  to  _ _ <6^, 
cost  more  than  one  of  Southern  pine  and  (fji\ 
be  less  satisfactory.  Hollow  building  tile  - 
and  concrete  make  handsome  and  durable 
buildings  but  the  cost  is  prohibitive  to  \wl\ 
most  of  us.  Ordinary  tarred  paper  is  _A/\ 
not  a  thing  of  beauty  but  it  is  wind-proof  j 
hens  and  other 
and  cheap  and  many 
domestic  animals  have  it  to  thank  for  j 
shiver  less  nights. 
Roofs. — The  most  simple  roof  is  the 
single-slope  shed  roof.  It  is  easy  to 
build,  throws  all  the  water  to  the  rear, 
and  if  covered  with  prepared  roofing,  may 
bt*  quite  flat.  A  gable  roof  with  the  front 
rafters  of  the  same  length  as  those  in  the 
rear,  or  shorter,  stands  next  in  popu-  j 
larity.  If  short  rafters  are  used  in  front, 
this  type  is  known  as  the  combination 
roof.  The  half  monitor  roof  in  which  a 
vertical  space  is  left  at  the  junction  of  | 
tin*  rafters,  this  space  to  contain  glass, 
is  often  used  iu  deep  houses,  and  A- 
shaped  and  other  special  types  are  some¬ 
times  seen.  The  roof  is  relatively  the 
most  expensive  part  of  the  building,  at 
best,  but  it  should  be  well  built,  tight- 
boarded  if  metal  or  prepared  roofing  is  j 
to  be  used,  and  if  of  shingle,  should  have 
at  leapt  one-third  pitch. 
Ventilation. — Of  all  the  different  i 
types  of  ventilating  methods  the  open  I 
front  has  given  best  satisfaction.  An  open  * 
front  means  that  all  sides  but  the  front 
of  o  poultry  house  are  wind  and  draft 1 
tight;  the  front  is  left  open  for  a  con¬ 
siderable  portion  of  its  area,  varying  in 
different  climates  from  one-fourth  to  all 
of  its  extent.  It  is  best  that  the  lower 
two  or  three  feet  of  the  front  wall  should 
he  tight,  and  the  space  above  this  may  j 
lie  about  equally  divided  between  glass,  1 
tight  boarding,  aud  wire  poultry  netting 
covered  open  space.  The  only  rule  that  • 
can  be  given  for  general  application  is 
that  there  should  lie  sufficient  open  space 
to  keep  the  interior  walls  of  the  house  dry 
through  free  circulation  of  air.  In  very  j 
long  houses,  wind  may  blow  into  one 
window  and  out  another,  causing  drafts 
over  the  fowls;  this  is  to  be  remedied  by 
tight  partitions  dividing  the  house  into 
rooms,  making  of  it  several  short  houses 
connected  at  their  ends.  The  tendency 
among  amateur  builders  is  to  provide  too 
little  rather  thau  too  much  open  space,  j 
It  appears  cruel  in  northern  latitudes  j 
until  one  has  tried  it.  Some  very  sue-  i 
cessful  types  of  poultry  houses  are  as  ' 
Van  Brunt  Fertilizer  Drills 
John  Deere  Corn  Planter 
The  Accurate  “Natural  Drop”  Planter 
ACCURATE — because  it  has  the  “Natural  Selec¬ 
tion’’  drop. 
Kernels  don’t  have  to  be  tipped  on  edge  to  enter 
cells.  Surface  of  hopper  bottom  and  openings  to 
seed  cells  are  oblique,  or  sloping.  The  kernels 
naturally  move  toward  and  fill  the  cells. 
A  full  variable  drop.  Merely  shift  foot  lever  to 
plant  two,  three  or  four  kernels  per  hill.  Drilling 
distances  varied  and  change  from  hilling  to  drilling 
or  back  to  hilling  made  just  as  easily. 
Write  for  free  booklet,  “More  and  Better  Corn.” 
THEY  plant  any  small  seed,  alfalfa  to  bearded  oats, 
and  distribute  any  standard  fertilizer.  Plant 
seed  only,  distribute  fertilizer  only,  or  handle  both  at 
one  time. 
Amount  sown  per  acre  easily  regulated  merely  by 
shifting  feed  gauge  levers. 
All  the  ground  sown,  because  the  Van  Brunt  adjust¬ 
able  gate  force  feed  compels  seed  to  leave  hopper  in 
even,  continuous  streams — no  bunching  or  choking 
up — and  an  equal  amount  goes  into  each  furrow. 
And  fertilizer  is  distributed  just  as  evenly.  Finger- 
type  plates  prevent  its  choking  up  in  the  hopper. 
An  even  stand  of  grain  Is  secured,  because  pressure 
springs  compel  all  the  discs  to  cut  furrows  of  equal 
depth,  and  the  forward  closed  delivery  places  seed  at 
bottom  of  these  furrows. 
Van  Brunt  Drills  never  clog  up.  Scrapers  keep  discs 
absolutely  clean. 
The  high  grade  discs  have  bearings  that  are  guar¬ 
anteed  to  last  lifetime  of  drill. 
Grass  seeder  attachment  can  be  furnished  which 
will  drill  or  sow  broadcast  as  desired. 
Write  us  today  for  free  booklet  describing  the  Van 
Brunt  Fertilizer  Drill. 
John  Deere  Syracuse  Plows 
The  Plows  with  Perfect  Fitting  Parts 
SYRACUSE  chilled  shares  fit  perfectly — the  extra 
shares  go  on  easily.  A  smooth  joint  is  formed 
between  share  and  moldboard  and  share  draws  up 
snugly  to  its  place. 
Write  for  literature  on  the  401  series — general  pur¬ 
pose  chilled  plows  that  work  especially  well  in  hard, 
dry  ground,  in  gravelly  soil  or  in  stony  fields  where 
ordinary  plows  cannot  be  kept  in  the  ground.  Also 
the  31  series,  combination  plows  for  sloping  land  or 
rolling  country;  the  61  series,  combination  plows  for 
sandy  loam  or  sticky  soils  and  the  821  series,  hillside 
plows,  swivel  style,  of  unusual  throat  room. 
John  Deere  Two-Way  Plow 
Steel  Frame— Patent  Auto  Foot  Frame-Shift 
HIGHLY  practical  and  convenient  for  working  soil 
all  in  one  direction  on  hillsides  or  elsewhere. 
Also  adapted  for  plowing  irregular  shaped  pieces 
of  land  or  any  other  kind  of  plowing. 
Auto  foot  frame-shift  works  with  same  exactness 
as  automobile  pedals.  Slight  foot  pressure  swings 
frame  and  moves  working  plow  the  exact  degree  re¬ 
quired.  A  patented  feature. 
Automatic  horse  lift — no  work  for  operator.  Each 
plow  independent  of  other — each  has  its  own  depth 
regulating  lever  and  lifting  device. 
The  lug  automatically  unlocks  when  plow  is  com¬ 
pletely  raised;  the  driver,  therefore,  has  both  hands 
free  to  manage  the  team. 
Automatic  shifting  hitch — clevis  always  drops 
automatically  in  position  ahead  of  working  plow. 
And  here  is  another  good  feature  of  this  plow- 
jointers  are  attached  with  clamps  and  set  screws. 
Ordinary  weakening  hole  through  beam  is  thus 
avoided. 
Position  of  jointers  on  beam  can  be  adjusted  to 
suit  nature  of  land  to  be  plowed.  Rolling  coulter 
can  be  used  in  conjunction  with  jointer — an  advant¬ 
age  in  very  trashy  land.  Write  for  free  booklet. 
John  Deere  Spreader 
The  Spreader  with  the  Beater  on  the  Axle 
ONLY  hip  high  to  the  top.  Wheels  out  of  way 
when  loading.  Mounting  the  beater  on  tho 
axle  is  patented.  Write  for  Spreader  booklet. 
Three  exclusive  John  Deere  Spreader  features: 
[1]  Beater  on  the  axle — nothing  else  like  it.  [1] 
[2]  Revolving  Rake — load  moving  back  to  beater 
revolves  the  rake.  Draft  actually  less.  Even 
spread  certain — no  bunching.  [2] 
[3]  Ball  Bearing  Eccentric  Apron  Drive — requires 
no  attention.  Performs  wonders  in  the 
working  of  tho  spreader. 
John  Deere  Dealers  Everywhere 
Better  Farm  Implements  and  How  to  Use  Them 
BOOK  FREE — 168  page  reference  book — tells  all  about  a  complete  line  of  farm  imple¬ 
ments  and  how  to  adjust  and  use  many  of  them.  A  practical  encyclopedia  of  farm 
implements.  Worth  dollars.  Describes  and  illustrates:  Plows  for  Light  Tractors;  Steel 
and  Chilled  Walking  and  Riding  Plows;  Disc  Plows;  Cultivators;  Spring  Tooth  and  Spike 
Tooth  Harrows;  Lister  Plows  and  Cultivators;  Disc  Harrows;  Alfalfa  and  Beet  Tools; 
Farm  and  Mountain  Wagons;  Teaming  Gears;  Manure  Spreaders;  Inside  Cup  and  Port¬ 
able  Grain  Elevators.  Corn  Shelters;  Hay  Loaders,  Stackers,  Sweep  Rakes,  Mowers,  Self- 
Dump  Sulky  and  Side  Delivery  Rakes;  Hay  Presses;  Kaffir  Headers;  Crain  Drills  and 
Seeders;  Grain  Binders;  Corn  Binders;  Gasoline  Engines.  This  book  Sent  f.-ee  to  every 
one  who  states  what  special  implements  he  is  interested  in  and  asks  for  Package 
John  Deere,  Moline,  Illinois 
the*  entire  front  is  of  poultry  netting. 
Where  storms  may  blow  in,  drop  curtains 
for  the  openings  are  a  great  protection 
and  these  are  specially  useful  in  front  of 
the  roosting  chamber  at  the  rear  of  the 
house,  Canvas  or  muslin  covered  open¬ 
ings  to  provide  ventilation  without  drafts 
have  been  much  used,  but,  in  the  writer's 
experience,  have  not  been  very  success¬ 
ful.  They  quickly  become  dirty  and  near¬ 
ly  impervious  to  air. 
Interior  Fittings. — Here  amateur 
builders  are  apt  to  make  the  mistake  of 
providing  complicated  fittings  fixed  to 
walls  or  floor.  The  more  simple  the  in- 
use? 
D£  OF 
famous 
