205 
dirt  «>n  thrm  or  any  small  stones  in  them 
will  help.  As  to  stock  food,  with  good 
care  and  the  feeding  as  outlined  I  do  not 
believe  that  stock  food  would  help  any. 
although  if  the  horses  are  unusually  run 
down  and  they  do  not  seem  to  respond  to 
this  treatment  as  soon  as  they  should 
there  are  a  number  of  preparations  on 
the  market  that  would  tone  them  up.  or 
get  the  following:  one  pound  sulphate  of 
iron,  one  pound  fenugreek  seed,  one 
pound  table  salt,  one  pound  charcoal. 
Mix  well  and  use  a  tablespoonful  once  a 
day  in  the  feed.  w.  a.  b. 
New  Jersey. 
Best  Dual-purpose  Cow 
What  breed  of  cattle  is  Considered  the 
most  profitable  as  “dual-purpose”  ani¬ 
mals?  Can  you  discuss  this  question  in 
The  R.  N.-Y.?  It  is  a  much  discussed 
question  in  this  neighborhod  among  the 
farmers.  >L  B. 
Remus.  Mieli. 
Most  farmers  seem  to  consider  the 
milking  Short-horn'  as  the  best  dual-pur¬ 
pose  cow.  This  means  a  well-shaped 
Short-horn  cow  of  one  of  the  milking 
strains.  Such  a  cow  gives  a  good  mess  of 
fairly  rich  milk,  and  when  she  is  done 
milking  gives  a  good  carcass  of  beef.  The 
bull  calves  make  good  beef  steers.  Prob¬ 
ably  of  all  the  beef  breeds  this  type  is 
best  for  both  milking  -and  beef  produc¬ 
tion.  The  Holstein  cow  gives  more  milk 
than  the  Short-horn,  but  does  not  maku 
as  good  a  carcass  of  beef.  The  only 
question  is  whether  the  extra  milk  given 
by  the  Holstein  will  be  worth  more  than 
the  better  pieces  of  beef  made  by  the 
Short-horn. 
Some  farmers  claim  that  the  Ayrshire  is, 
on  the  whole,  more  profitable  than  either 
of  these  breeds.  The  Ayrshire  gives  a 
good  mess  of  milk,  and  is  a  good  beef 
animal,  hut  she  runs  smaller  than  either 
the  Short-liorn  or  the  Holstein.  A  num¬ 
ber  of  farmers  are  breeding  the  Brown 
Swiss,  which  they  claim  is  the  best  dual- 
purpose  animal,  and  arguments  are  also 
made  for  the  Devon.  While  the  Devon 
is  a  beef  animal,  its  milk-giving  quali¬ 
ties  are  not  up  to  the  other  breeds  men¬ 
tioned  and  on  the  whole  the  dairy  Short¬ 
horn  seems  to  he  most  popular  as  a  can¬ 
didate  for  the  position. 
Varying  Tastes  of  Cows 
On  page  40  the  question  is  asked  as 
to  whether  a  particular  ration  would 
make  other  cows  fat.  or  he  constipating 
for  one  cow  and  not  for  another.  After 
an  experience  of  IT  years,  feeding  most¬ 
ly  young  stock  and  cows  for  milk  pro¬ 
duction,  I  would  answer,  yes. 
I  am  now  feeding  14  cows,  nine  of 
them  getting  practically  the  same  ra¬ 
tion.  Four  of  the  niue  are  fat  enough 
to  make  prime  beef.  The  other  five  vary 
from  quite  thiu  to  fair  Condition.  They 
are  fed  grain,  apple  pomace  and  dry 
corn  stover  in  the  morning,  nothing  at 
noon,  and  grain,  pomace  and  mixed  hay 
at  night.  Each  cow  gets  the  same  quan¬ 
tity  of  stover  and  hay  as  nearly  as  pos¬ 
sible.  hut  I  vary  the  quantity  of  pomace 
and  grain '  according  to  their  condition 
and  the  amount  of  milk  they  are  giving. 
A  number  of  times  I  have  had  two  heif¬ 
ers  frosheu  within  a  few  weeks  of  each 
other.  I  would  feed  them  exactly  the 
same  as  to  quality  and  quantity.  One 
would  rapidly  gain  in  flesh  while  the 
other  would  remain  thin  or  gain  very 
slowly.  Usually  the  one  that  made  the 
rapid  gain  in  flesh  would  prove  tbp  least 
profitable  for  the  dairy,  although  I  have 
had  exceptions  to  this. 
With  milk  at  five  cents  per  quart.  I 
do  not  think  it  pays  to  spend  much  time 
catering  to  the  cows’  individual  taste. 
Our  dairy  is  run  as  nearly  like  a  ma¬ 
chine  as  possible.  Cows  stand  in  a  row 
with  no  partitions  in  the  manger.  1  find 
they  clean  up  roughage  better  this  way. 
Hiving  one  cow  a  certain  kind  of  rough- 
age  and  the  next,  one  something  different 
takes  time  that  we  can  employ  more  pro¬ 
fitably  at  something  else.  It  would  he 
all  right  for  cows  on  test,  or  where  12 
or  15  cents  per  quart  is  received  for 
milk.  From  observations  I  find  those 
who  receive  these  prices,  in  this  vicinity, 
do  not  even  weigh  the  grain  for  each  cow, 
but  scoop  it  iuto  the  mangers  from  a 
large  box  on  trucks. 
I  have  a  cow  that  10  days  ago  was  get¬ 
ting  six  pounds  grain  at  a  feed,  but  leav¬ 
ing  a  little  each  time  we  fed  her.  She 
was  giving  from  10  to  15  pounds  at  a 
milking.  I  reduced  her  ration  to  4*4 
RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
SWINE 
The  cheapest  feeds 
quickly  develop  big,  profitable 
porkers — if  you  raise  this  dol¬ 
lar  producing  strain — 
COLLINS’ 
Jersey  Reds 
“PIG  DOLLARS  ARE  BIG 
DOLLARS”,  is  a  little  book 
that  every  farmer  should  read. 
Full  of  valuable  facts  on  hog 
raising. 
It  is  FREE — write  for  it  today! 
Home  Churning  vs.  Creamery 
I  was  much  interested  in  a  little  arti¬ 
cle,  “Home  Churning  vs.  Creamery,”  on 
page  52.  Mr.  Raymond  is  off  in  his  figur¬ 
ing,  and  shows  that  ho  cannot  distinguish 
between  butter  and  butter  fat.  Now  •sl>7 
pounds  cream  at  test  is  184.80 
pounds  fat  (not  butter E  Figuring  at  20% 
overrun,  this  would  make  .‘50.97  pounds 
overrun,  or  221. SO  pounds  butter.  Call 
it  222  to  make  the  figuring  easier,  and 
we  find  that  it  required  only  3.00  pounds 
cream  to  make  a  pound  of  creamery  but¬ 
ter,  whi,le  it  took  3.99  pounds  of  cream 
at  home  to  make  a  pound.  In  fact,  the 
creamery  did  very  well,  indeed,  by  Mr. 
Raymond's  nephew.  Figuring  his  own 
butter  at  82 (4 r'r  fat  (Missouri  standard ) 
we  find  that  it  contained  85.38  pounds 
fat.  Figuring  his  cream  at  the  2114%, 
test  the  creamery  gave  him.  we  get  88.9 
pounds  fat,  which  the  creamery  would 
have  paid.. 
What  did  Mr.  Raymond’s  nephew  get 
for  his  butter,  by  the  way?  If  he  got 
.35  cents  per  pound  he  simply  got  the 
value  of  the  overrun  for  his  trouble. 
Missouri.  will  ii.  call. 
Jan.  21.  Wheat,  $1.10;  rye,  90c.;  po¬ 
tatoes,  81 ;  barley,  (50c.  ;  oats,  40e.  ; 
onions,  $1;  beans,  pea.  $.3.50;  marrow, 
$4.50 ;  pork,  $9  per  cwt. ;  lambs,  $9  to 
$10  per  cwt. ;  butter  (dairy).  25c. ;  eggs. 
32c.  Bran  (Winter),  $28  per  ton;  mid¬ 
dlings,  $.30  per  ton.  No  apples  being 
handled  now.  J.  W.  R. 
Holcomb,  N.  Y. 
Horses  from  900  to  1,000,  $75  to  $150: 
horses  from  1.100  to  1,300.  $175  to  $250. 
Hay,  $18  to  $20  per  ton  :  straw,  $8  to  $11  : 
oats,  50c.  bn.;  corn.  75c.  bu.,  and  a  good 
crop.  Wheat,  $1.15;  rye,  $1;  good  onvs. 
$80  to  $140;  poor  ones,  from  $50  to  $75; 
dressed  beef.  10  and  12c. ;  hogs,  10c. : 
chickens.  _18c. ;  live:  eggs.  40c.  at  stores; 
butter,  35c.  Milk,  25c.  per  gal.  to  pro¬ 
ducer;  9c.  per  quart  to  consumer.  Apples, 
75c.  to  $1.25  per  hu.;  potatoes,  $1.10  to 
stores;  $1.40  to  consumers.  Crop  very 
short;  apples  and  grain  good  crops.  Cat¬ 
tle  very  scarce;  hogs  thoroughly  cleaned 
up;  very  few  sheep  raised  here  on  ac¬ 
count  of  dogs.  The  few  deer  that  the 
Sportsman’s  League  brought  to  Beaver 
County,  have  all  gone  away  to  the  delight 
of  most  farmers.  E.  .T.  T. 
Beaver,  Pa. 
ARTHUR  J.  COLLINS 
Box  1 1 
Moorestown,  N.  J 
0  1  p  I*— Registered  Brood  sows.  $3:1.  Gilts,  5 
•  U>  a  mouths.  $20.  Pigs.  3 'u  months,  $12:  10 
weeks.  $10;  8 weeks  *8.  HERBERT  HflITH,  Manlius.  N.  Y. 
CHESTER  WHITES 
entered  herd  of  Chester  Whites  from  the  A  ictor 
Farms,  offer  sdVviee  hoars,  sows  and  pigs  for  sale. 
Harry  Vail,  New  .Milford,  Orange  Co.,  N.Y. 
0. 1.  Chester  White  Pig 
silver  strain  from  very  large  breeders  that  weigh 
over  (100.  Also  W.  R.  ami  W.  Leghorns. 
C.  E.  CASSEL,  -  Hummelstown,  Pa. 
Coming  Live  Stock  Sales 
Iowa  Draft  Horse  Breeders’  Associa¬ 
tion.  Fair  Grounds,  Des  Moines.  Iowa, 
Feb.  9-10;  G.  E.  O'Brien,  secretary. 
Shorthorn  Sale.  Rockfiehl  Breeding  As¬ 
sociation.  Rockland,  Ind.,  Feb.  11. 
Poland-China  bred  rows,  .1.  L.  Moseley. 
New  Boston,  Ill.,  sale  at  Aledo,  (11.,  Feb¬ 
ruary  19,  , 
Pereheron  horses.  Leemon  Stock  Farm, 
lloopeston,  Minn..  Feb.  22. 
Shorthorn  Sale,  Iowa  Shorthorn  Breed- 
ms’  Association.  E.  II.  Silliman,  Colo 
Iowa,  manager,  February  2.3. 
Home  of  POCKET  PIECE,  CALLAWAY 
ABE  and  IOWA  PRINCE. 
Boars  of  national  reputation  as  breeders  and 
prize-winners.  Individuals  combining  prolificacy 
and  correct  type  at  reasonable  prices. 
Booklet  describinn  the  herd  sent  upon  application. 
LINDA  VISTA  FARM,  Holliston,  Mass.,  Bex 420 
“Back  to  the  Land”  Advice 
I  judge  from  J.  Grant  Morse’s  reply  to 
the  hack-to-the-lander,  L.  A.  G.,  in  issue 
of  December  18  last,  that  he  has  not  been 
through  the  mill,  aud  answers  according¬ 
ly.  Perhaps  to  him  $4,500  looks  small, 
lint  to  one  who  started  on  less  than  $500, 
and  that  borrowed,  it  looks  a  large  sum, 
and  his  advice  does  not  fit  in  at  all.  I 
doubt  if  Mr.  Morse  knows  more  of  the 
State  of  New  York  as  a  farming  country 
than  we  do.  We  have  not  only  lived  in 
Western  New  York  for  over  30  years,  hut 
in  Chautauqua  County.  Broome,  Tioga 
(where  one  of  us  was  born  and  lived  until 
18)  aud  Jefferson.  We  also  have  spent 
time  visiting  and  traveling  over  Central 
New  York,  and  as  far  southeast  as  Sulli¬ 
van  County,  passing  through  Orange  and 
Delaware  Comities.  We  know  there  are 
good  opportunities  to  get  a  home  for  less 
than  the  sum  mentioned.  It  does  not 
require  a  large  sum  to  start  if  you  do 
not  bite  off  as  big  a  piece  as  Mr.  Morse 
suggests.  There  is  where  we  know,  start¬ 
ing  with  say  five  cows  instead  of  15,  also 
two  or  three  old  mures  which  can  raise 
colts  yet.  By  looking  out  a  little  these 
can  be  had  at  less  than  half  the  price  he 
mentions,  Six  years  ago  we  paid  $112 
for  four  old  mares,  and  now  have  15  head 
of  valuable  horses  from  five  years  old 
down  to  six  months,  and  lost  three  of  the 
old  mares,  but  replaced  them.  They  paid 
their  way  well.  The  best  one  was  11 
years  old  when  we  bought  her,  a  stand¬ 
ard-bred  mare,  hut  had  been  used  as  a 
buggy  horse  in  town  and  got  lame,  so  the 
owner  priced  her  at  $50  cash.  She  has 
given  us  four  fine  colts  for  which  we 
would  not  want  to  take  less  than  $700  if 
we  cared  to  sell  now. 
It  is  not  wise  always  to  buy  new  farm 
tools.  They  often  can  he  picked  up  cheap 
at,  sales  or  other  ways.  We  had  to  run  in 
debt  for  wagon  and  mowing  machines, 
but  paid  for  them  the  first  year  of  crops. 
We  did  not  have  money  to  buy,  so  rented 
a  farm ;  had  to  run  in  debt  a  few  months 
for  groceries,  but  soon  as  garden  stuff 
came,  early  potatoes,  etc.,  we  soon  paid  it 
up.  Even  if  there  were  only  one  dozen 
poppers  or  a  basket  of  melons  they  went 
Springbank  BERKSHIRES 
Ilouv?  miff  Bred  Gilts  of  Mnrch  and  April,  IBIS,  far¬ 
row.  J.E.  WATSON, Marbletlale, Connecticut 
Berkshire-Bred  SOWS  and  GILTS 
$75:  boar  pigs  of  similar  breeding, 410.  Double  Stand¬ 
ard  polled  and  horned  Hereford*,  both  sexes  and  all 
ages.  AUSA11LE  VALLEY  FARM,  Keeseville,  N.  Y. 
Extra  nice  BAY  COLT,  $75-%^e7 
James  H.  Owen,  R.  D.  No.  4,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 
BERKSHIRES^, 
I  offer  you  one  of  the  best  lots  of  Berks  hi  res  that  I 
ever  owned  an  especially  tine  showing  of  gilts.  Come 
and  make  your  own  selections.  If  you  can’t  come, 
write  your  wants.  H  L  Brown  Waterport.Oi  leans  Cu.,N  Y. 
Pair  Well  Matched  Colts  for  Sale 
Two  and  three years  old.  sound,  sorrel  chestnut. with 
white  stripe  in  face  and  white  hind  ankles.  Dam, 
Morgan;  Sivo,  Standard.  With  careful  handling  this 
team  should  nearly  double  in  value  and  earn  their 
feed  right  along.  L.  C  LITCHFIELD.  Miiidlebury.  VI. 
LARGE  BERKSHIRES  AT  HIGHWOOD 
We  offer  the  best  lot  of  service  boars  we  have  ever 
seen  together.  Many  900  pound  prospects.  Send 
tor  list.  Box  15.  H.  C.  A  H.  B.  HARPENDING.  Oundee,  N.Y. 
Hays  The 
Ureen  srei«h%  & 
Buyers  fare 
offers  more  Stallions  of  service¬ 
able  age  by  t  he  $10  000  Champion 
CAKNOT  (tirtlKKl)  than  does  any 
other  breeder  in  America  For 
Percherons,  Belgians,  Holstein 
Cattle  or  Shet  land  1’onles.  write 
threat.  Prieesright.  Terms  tosuit. 
A.  W.  GREEN. 
Middleflcld,  Ohio  K.  K.  Station, 
East  Orwell.  O.  on  Henna.  It.  R. 
LAKESIDE  BERKSH IRES'j.^14 1® tSiSie 
H.  G  KIM  SHAW,  -  North  East,  Pa. 
HFRKSHIRFS — Tho  deep,  heavy,  bone  type 
uLiinuimii.u  <4  rowri  for  breeders  and  guaranteed  as 
represented .  P.iees  right.  A.  C.  HOOPER,  Borman,  Md. 
Purebred  BERKSHIRES^”*,1;* 
sows.  C LOVUBDALE  FARM, Charlotte.  N  Y. 
Highland  View  Stock  Farm 
Our  barns  are  filled  with  the  best  Pereheron  and 
Belgians  at.  the  lowest  prices. 
0.  N.  WILSON,  Prop.,  -  Kittanning,  Pa. 
QlIELliON  FARM  REGISTERED  DtIKOCS 
**  Pigs  of  both  sex.  Bred  sows.  Service  boars. 
Best  of  breeding,  C.  E,  KARNES,  Oxford,  N.Y . 
FOR  PURE  BRED  TAMWORTH  SWINE 
write  or  visit  VYKgTVlKW  STOCK  FA ItM,  It. 
F.  I>,  No  1,  Winston-Salem,  North  Carolina 
ages  from  8  months  to  21-e  years.  Also  2  workhorses 
and  2  breeding  mares  for  rog,  Guernsey  females 
What  have  youf  Address,  toreit  l-'unu,  Aiu,terdain,  N.Y. 
A  Few  Choice  Purebred  BERKSHIRE  PIGS  for  Sale 
REUBEN  ROSS,  •  GOWANDA,  N.  Y. 
Kentucky  Jacks  and  Saddlers 
Always  a  good  lot  of  Kentucky  Mammoth  .lacks 
and  .lennets.  Saddle  Stallions.  Geldings,  Mares 
and  Colts.  Write  ns  folly  describing  your  wants. 
THE  COOK  FAKM8.  8ox  436  L  I  oxlngton,  Ky. 
CLARK  FA  KM 
Koonton,  N.  J. 
RIGHT  NOW  YOU  CAN  HUY 
A  9-months -old  JERSEY  BULL 
RALEIGH  BREEDING,  of  exceptional  quality,  at  low 
figure.  Write  now.  JAS.  LAING S  SDN,  West  Nyack,  N.Y. 
Buy  an  Aivedale  pup.  Best  poultry  insurance 
against  theft  and  vermin.  Price,  $1.1.  Registered. 
Write  for  full  pedigree.  BIRCH  FARMS,  Three  Tuns,  Pa. 
NEWFOUNDLAND 
PUPS,  $25  to $50.  J.  H.  CLARK, 236  Broadway.  Paterson, N.J. 
For  Sale-Registered  Ayrshire  Bull 
wldt«  with  red  markings.  This  bull  possesses  rare  In¬ 
dividuality  arid  the  best  blood  of  the  breed.  Address. 
A.  F.  CURTIS.  -  181  State  Bt,  Ilimton,  Musa. 
3,000  FERRETS—  Special  low  price  thlg  month.  .Satis¬ 
faction  guaranteed.  Book  free.  XBguxUn*.  wini*!:«li,  m*. 
Ca|„  FORTY  (40) 
One-Year-Old 
C.  WHI1*FLE 
Register  Hampshiredown  Ewes 
,  -  Purchase,  New  York 
PF  R  R  F  T  Q  -Single,  Pairs,  and  Dozen 
•“  ,  ^  *-*  1  0  lots  Guinea  Pigs,  Rabbits, 
Toulouse  Geese.  C.  JEWELL,  Spencer,  Oniu 
sale- Black-faced  Scotch  Ram  perthsifiro'* 
registered  stock.  Imported  Jnue,  1913.  Apply, 
W.  F.  Ross.  Superintendent,  Locust  Valley,  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
