Pay  Nothing 
For  Three 
Months  if  1*i  tWS&r  \  *  •"  a 
ing  the  height,  of  the  dam,  varying  with 
the  head  or  fall  required,  while  the  thick¬ 
ness  will  depend  upon  the  height.  Fig¬ 
ures  taken  from  two  large  dams  show 
that  about  two-thirds  barrel  of  concrete 
was  used  per  cubic  yard.  Both  of  these 
dams  were  built,  from  rubble  concrete — 
large  stones  imbedded  in  concrete. 
Due  to  your  distance  from  the  source 
of  power— about  one-half  mile,  the  cost 
of  the  transmission  line  would  be  quite 
high  unless  a  voltage  is  chosen  which  is 
relatively  high  for  farm  use.  A  letter 
addressed  to  one  of  the  electrical  concerns 
making  a  specialty  of  farm  power  devel¬ 
opment,  supplying  them  with  all  the  facts 
of  the  case,  as  distance  power  is  to  be 
transmitted,  all  the  uses  to  which  it.  is 
to  he  put,  lighting,  heating  power,  etc., 
will  bring  a  reply  covering  the  subject 
very  completely.  The  more  complete  the 
data  furnished  them  the  more  valuable 
will  be  their  answer.  R.  it.  s. 
B  Worth  Money  to  Any  Farmer 
“Helping  Mother  Nature ”  is  a  new  book 
written  by  a  farm  expert  and  chock  full  of  farm 
information.  It  tells  why  farmers  who  do  not  use 
>ropcr  spreading  methods  arc  losing  a  good  part 
f  that  $8  to  $10  manure  profit  per  year  which  ex- 
rts  declare  rests  with  each  farm  animal, 
ivery  statement  made  in  this  hook  is  hacked  by 
res  taken  from  actual  experiments.  It  tells  how  to 
lie  manure  from  stall  to  field  in  order  to  get  the 
Not  a  catalog.  This  hook  is  entirely  separate  from 
our  regular  catalog.  We  give  it  free  in  order  to  introduce  the 
RENDERING 
nLARD 
SCALDING  HOGS 
POULTRY^ 
NEW1DEA 
[[  Registered  Pat. Off.  ^  J§ 
the  machine  that's  hacked  by  16  years’  spreader  building  experience. 
Built  low  down  for  easy  loading.  Can  be  piled  high  without  choking 
because  double  cylinders  take  care  of  all  the  load  and  insure  thorough 
pulverization. 
The  New  Idea  is  chain  driven  instead  of  having  gears,  and  our 
endless  chain  conveyor  takes  out  every  speck  of  manure.  None  is  left 
to  rot  or  freeze.  Direct  axle  drive  prevents  loss  of  power,  sprocket  on 
one  side  drives  spreading  mechanism  and  cams  on  other  operate  feed. 
Questions  About  Brazil  and  Argentina 
1.  WJpit  languages  nre  taught  in  the 
public  schools  of  Brazil  and  Argentina? 
2.  What  per  cent,  of  the  population 
Speaks  the  language  taught?  3.  Of  what 
nationalities  are  the  population,  and 
about  what  per  cent,  of  each?  4.  What 
is  the  population  of  each  country  and 
what  per  cent,  are  located  in  cities?  5. 
What  are  the  addresses  of  principal  gov¬ 
ernment  land  oflice.s  of  each  country? 
Mt.  Vernon,  N.  Y.  C.  o.  G. 
1.  The  public  schools  of  Brazil  arc  not 
like  those  of  New  York.  The  pop¬ 
ulation  is  homogeneous,  is  divided  more 
into  classes  and  is  vastly  less  dense. 
It  is  in  the  higher  schools  that 
languages,  other  than  the  native  tongue, 
Portuguese,  are  taught.  Remember 
that  all  other  countries  of  Central 
and  South  America  speak  Spanish,  but 
that  the  Brazilians  speak  Portuguese,  a 
sister  language,  it  is  true,  yet.  entirely  dis¬ 
tinct.  This  is  the  language  universally 
taught  in  the  schools  of  Brazil,  as  Span¬ 
ish  is  taught  in  those  of  Argentina. 
French  is  a  language  spoken  by  prac¬ 
tically  all  of  the  educated  people  of 
both  countries.  Loss  English  is  spoken 
in  Brazil  than  in  Argentina  and  more 
Italian  in  the  former. 
2.  Everyone  speaks  the.  language  of 
the  country,  while  the  educated  class 
speaks  always  French,  and  both  Portu¬ 
guese  and  Spanish  usually,  and  almost 
every  one  speaks  also  Italian.  My 
coachman  spoke  all  the  languages  men¬ 
tioned  and  also  German  and  Danish, 
while  out  of  400  students  in  the  college, 
fully  200  spoke  well  their  own  tongue, 
French  and  Spanish. 
3.  The  people  of  Brazil  are  Portuguese 
in  origin  and  tastes.  There  have  been 
admixtures  of  Indian  and  even  negro 
blood,  from  time  to  time,  but  the  nation 
is  essentially  Portuguese.  Argentina 
was  settled  by  Spaniards,  and  has  re¬ 
mained  Spanish,  with  large  infusion  of 
English  and  Italian  blood.  Per  cents 
cannot  he  given  with  accuracy  since,  as 
in  this  country,  there  has  been  always  a 
constant  immigration  of  foreigners.  It 
is  therefore  hard  to  draw  the  dividing 
line  between  what  might  be  called  a  na¬ 
tive  as  distinguished  from  the  son  or 
grandson  of  the  immigrant.  In  Brazil  let 
us  say  that  of  the  twenty  millions,  more 
or  less,  of  the  total  population.  Italy  has 
been  the  old  home  of  the  ancestors  of 
fully  four  millions,  scattered  over  the 
coffee  fazendas  and  gathered  in  the  large 
cities,  much  more  in  the  southern  part 
than  in  the  north.  Slavery  was  abolished 
in  18SS.  and  there  is  a  congestion  of  the 
negroes  in  the  northern  part,  nearest  the 
equator,  though  they  are  everywhere 
present.  The  Germans  have  a  large  pop¬ 
ulation  in  the  southernmost  State.  Rio 
Grande  do  Sul,  say  six  hundred  thou¬ 
sand  in  this  State  alone.  Remember  that 
Brazil  lias  21  separate  States  and  covers 
three  hundred  thousand  square  miles, 
more  than  the  territory  of  the  whole 
United  States,  excluding  Alaska. 
-1.  The  population  of  Brazil  is  about 
twenty  millions.  I  have  not  the  data  in 
regard  to  Argentina  by  me. 
.1.  Of  Brazil.  Ministero  da  Agricultura, 
Rio  de  Janeiro.  Brazil.  t  >f  Argentina, 
Ministerio  de  Agronomia,  Buenos  Aires, 
Argentina.  Clinton  iv  smith. 
MAKING  SYRUP. 
noroRS  three  com  rows.  Save?  time  and  labor,  also  saves 
machine  and  horses.  The  New  Idea  spreads  beyond  the 
wagnm  tracks  so  you  don’t,  have  to  drive  over  the  spread 
manure.  It  spread*  evenly,  tlma  in'cventing  the  a 
loss  of  fertilizing  value,  ■which  t»  unavoidable  pU 
With  the  irregular  fork  spreading  or  when  using 
a  machine  that  Is  not.  properly  built. 
This  remarkable  ?prpadimr  result,  in  scoured  by  fo;-jSi« 
our  double  cylinder  acting  with  the  New  Idea  I  Cl 
patented  revolving  distributor.  Thin  distributor 
is  found  ou  no  other  spreader,  ^ 
Guaranteed— We  pniaranfco  the  New  Idea 
Spreader  against  breakage  for  one  year.  \Vo  rive  vlMjS 
you  an  unlimited  guarantee  against.  detective  y  lufj3 
material  or  workmanship.  1 1  •  «J*n 
Ask  tiro  Now  Idea,  dealer  or  write  US  for  rata-'  .A&d 
log  and  copy  of  “Helping  Mother  Nature"  bice,  -y"  B-a 
New  Idea  Spreader  Company 
“Spreader  Specialists”  Ml 
179  First  St.  Coldwater,  0.  fOH 
SAVE  MONEY  UNLOADING 
Save  the  fxpfn***  of  m«n  :tml  tium*  m  unloading  bay, 
5 ruin,  pullimr  fimburs*,  rlt  vutliiH  Ice, 
Hlttnir.  «*tc* .  with  on  Wa  /\ 
IRELAND  HOIST 
100  mum  on  cauls  farm.  Giiuruntvcil 
every  way.  ai Trenton.  w 
trot.imJ  Mjotiinc  &  Foimilfy  Co. 
22  State  Si.,  Norwich,  N.  V.  AT*.*  -- 
MlVrh,  of  ilrnif  Wood  awn,  rnill*,rlv  .  %*  *** 
^Ploiv  Avery  Tractor 
Four  Uf ert 
'Iljr  OMll  <  FW* 
7  I*lo*p  bltto  built  ID  »xu*  iJJi  rm_  <2 
Six  Reasons  for  Avery 
Tractor  Success 
fr-'lIERE  are 
more  acres 
plowed  by  Avery  Tractors 
and  Plows  tlwifl  by  any  other 
malce.  These  are  sonic  of  the  reasons 
why  so  many  men  aie  buying: 
Avery  Outfits: 
Fir  nt— Special  •$!!  din  £•  fn  me  wh  f  ch  tdhTc**  p<  »wt>T  de 
the  elimination  of  the  Intermediate  and 
box  In  K*:*  An  Avery  Tractor  tus  the:  IrAsl  ifti-us, 
the  least  fehaftiritf  nml  the  I*  ist  bearings  ol  nay 
two*xp«:ed,  dou1>l<s<lnvc  trio-lot*  built  —  Which 
nie.nns  more  power  uiul  longer  life, 
Soicoml  T wO  teat  drive  wheels  And  two  speeds 
— 41  )  rig  over  single-drive  andcmc*H><-’ed 
tmi'torfi. 
Third  51gw-h>cci1,  heavy-duty  opposed  motors 
-not  hiich-^peed,  Hffht  ailtOmODile  liMTuf- 
Fourtli  b*Muk‘.halis  are  om-h.df  the  di  imete? 
of  the  cy  lift  tier  or  more.  There  has  never  been 
a  broken  Avery  crankshaft. 
Fifth— M  otonh?lV5fenew;ib1einnercylinderwnlls. 
These  parts  wjiirh  nr*  fcttl’jfct  to  the  most  w  c  .r, 
ciiobfreplac^  without  1  '=yU*xcniiresiew  cylinders. 
Sixth— No  pump*  ami  f.ius. 
CompletcGutfit  Tractor.PlowandThresh- 
er— Built  and  Backed  by  One  Company 
A  company  with  h  lane*  fm-lory  mnl  iimny 
brunch  house?,  which  insure  prompt  and 
permanent  Bcnrice.  Avery  Ht<,w  *  In  all  sIms 
from  S  to  10  bottom,  “Yellow,  fellow” 
Separators  in  Bizea  to  Gt  each  bLo  tractor, 
Prlc, -8-plow  'tractor.  SiOOcnah:  <-plow, 
fll?Ocaali!  6-plow.  SllK'O;  (I -plow,  $21  <5;  8-10- 
plow,  RU75.  Special  small  size  tractor,  1225. 
Writs  for  now  1816  Avery  Catalog 
Avery  Company,  4654  Iowa  St.,  Peoria,  III. 
A*k  for  nebirpeo  of  ofur»-tt  iimuoU  IlwUM 
.  cr  Jobt>fT  _ 
Don’t  send  us  n  cent  until,  from  your 
own  experience,  you  are  absolutely 
sure  it  iB  the  engine  you  want.  If  it 
isn’t,  send  it  back  at  our  expense.  If 
it  is.  use  it  for  three  whole  months 
before  you  make  even  the  first  pay- 
ment  and  then  pay  balance  in  3,  6 
and  9  months  thereafter — giving  you 
MAJESTIC  STATIONARY  ENGINE 
Sizes;  2,  3,  5, 7, 9  and  14  H.  P. 
Without  Interest 
HARTMAN'S,  alone,  with  their  $10,000,000 
Capital  and  Resources,  their  tremendous  or¬ 
ganization  and  1.500,000  customers,  are  capable 
of  such  a  record-smashing  offer  as  this. 
Who  but  HARTMAN ’S  ever  conceived 
the  idea  of  shipping  any  desired  size 
Engine  right  out  to  Farmers  without 
one  cent  in  advance?  Who  ever  before  Jr 
said  **: 
MON T1  IS?' *  ^H A RTM A N  say' sT t -  and 
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Just  pick  out  any  MAJESTIC  ENGINE  All  Steel  Truck  5,7,9»mJ 
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Work  the  Enable  us  thoagrt  it  wore  your  own  for  80  daya.  and  if  it  falls  to  sell  ilself  to  yon  if  you  rrc  not 
fully  SHtislicil  w  ith  its  performance—  return  it  at  HARTMAN’S  expense.  IT  completely  convinced  I  hat  the 
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all  sizes  and  styles  of 
BARGAINS 
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Sizes  2 9  3 ,  5 ,  7 ,  9  and  14  H-P. 
The  Maycsitic  is  the  “happy  medium”— neither  too  heavy  nor  too 
light.  Has  fewer  number  of  parts— a  marvel  of  simplicity.  Perfectly 
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Simplest,  most  durable,  most  powerful  for  its  H-P.  rating  and  most 
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CASV 
TERMS  V, 
TO  ' 
RELIABLE 
PEOPLE 
MOM.Y-stV  IMi  pnifFS;  The  shove  sawing  outfit  is  the  I’e- 
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ALL  SIZES 
MO  IVEY  -  SAY 
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V  the  HARTMAN  CO., 
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can  make.  Tell  usthc  stze  engine  you  want,  when  yon 
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nndoUiei  liiforiiiiifiou  on  nypieat.  WltlTK  lOlitY. 
R.  CONSOLIDATED  GAS  &  GASOLINE  ENGINE  CO. 
202  Fulton  Strcet.New  York  City 
4019-21  LaSalle  St 
CHICAGO,  ILL. 
Address, 
Town. 
“Mr  son.  if  you  only  work  lianl  enough 
wlitrn  you  nmlrrtako  :i  thiup  yon'fr  bound 
to  be  ;it  the  top  when  you’ve  finished.” 
“But  suppose  I  undertiike  to  dig  it  well?” 
oshed  the  son.  -Melbourne  Leader. 
When  you  write  advertisers  mention  The  R.  N.-Y.  and  you’ll  get  a  quick  reply 
and  a  “square  deal.”  See  guarantee  editorial  page. 
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