■She  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
401 
General  Farm  Topics 
Hogs  in  the  Orchard — Self-Feeders 
Many  questions  have  come  lately  in  re¬ 
gard  to  hogs  in  the  orchard  and  easy 
ways  of  taking  care  of  them.  In  some 
respects  an  orchard  of  good-sized  apple 
trees  is  an  excellent  place  for  a  drove  of 
hogs.  If  the  trees  are  of  fair  size  they 
can  be  easily  protected  by  putting  wire 
netting  around  them  or  driving  down 
three  stout  stakes  with  a  few  strands  of 
barbed  wire  around  them.  It  is  better 
to  give  this  protection.  While  the  hogs 
will  not  always  gnaw  the  bark  they  some¬ 
times  do  so,  and  they  do  not  issue  any 
bulletin  to  tell  when  they  are  going  to 
do  it.  Tills  form  of  protection  is  desir¬ 
able.  The  hogs  sometimes  dig  large  holes 
or  burrows  into  the  ground  around  the 
trees,  usually  where  white  grubs  abound, 
but  no  great  damage  results  from  this 
if  the  holes  are  filled  during  the  season. 
This  excessive  digging  is  not  likely  to 
occur  if  rhe  hogs  are  properly  fed.  They 
should  have  a  supply  of  wood  ashes  and 
charcoal  with  a  small  quantity  of  sulphur 
in  it  where  they  can  help  themselves  at 
all  times.  With  this  they  are  not  likely 
to  make  trouble  with  gnawing  or  dig¬ 
ging.  There  should  be  a  constant  supply 
of  pure  water  for  the  hugs.  A  running 
brook  is  excellent  and  if  a  hog  wallow 
can  be  made  so  that  the  pigs  can  take  a 
full  hath  when  they  feel  inclined  it  will 
be  found  that  they  are  just  about  as  at¬ 
tentive  to  their  toilet  as  any  member  of 
tbe  family. 
As  for  feeding  i.t  is  a  mistake  to  argue 
that  the  hogs  ought  to  make  their  living 
on  the  fallen  fruit  and  the  scanty 
growth  of  clover  and  grass  usually  found 
in  such  orchards.  There  is  no  profit  in 
keeping  a  hog  so  that  he  will  just  make 
his  living.  The  object  is  to  feed  him 
freely  so  that  he  will  make  good  pork. 
A  self-feeder  is  the  best  day  to  do  this. 
These  self-feeders  are  not  unlike  the  feed¬ 
ing  hoppers  which  poultrymen  use  in 
giving  dry  mash.  A  picture  of  one  is 
shown  herewith.  It  is  simply  an  up¬ 
right  box  with  an  opening  at  the  bottom 
through  which  the  feed  drops  down  into 
a  trough.  There  is  a  small  wooden  floor 
in  front  so  that  the  hogs  cannot  nose  out 
the  feed  onto  the  ground  and  waste  it 
too  much.  By  making  a  good  mixture 
of  grains  wi.th  a  small  quantity  of  tank¬ 
age  added  and  putting  it  in  these  feeders 
where  the  hogs  may  help  themselves,  the 
rare  of  the  stock  is  reduced  to  the  min¬ 
imum.  A  hog  oiler  located  in  some  con¬ 
venient  shady  place  where  the  hog  can 
rub  against  it  to  suit  himself  will  add  to 
his  comfort,  and  that  means  more  pork. 
There  are  many  cases  where  a  good  drove 
of  hogs  in  an  orchard  will  pay  well  if 
kept  in  the  way  mentioned  above.  Some 
men  wijl  prefer  poultry,  others  young 
stock,  some  sheep,  and  others  hogs.  It 
is  largely  a  matter  of  opinion  and  the 
stock  which  one  man  prefers. 
Holding  Manure  in  Summer 
Manure  is  hard  to  get  for  cash  in  the 
Winter.  In  the  Summer  I  can  buj' 
manure  for  $1.25  per  ton.  delivered  at  my 
station  and  get  it  for  (bat  price  in  June, 
July  and  August.  Just  now  I  am  pay¬ 
ing  $1.K0  per  ton  and  wait  for  weeks 
and  weeks  before  I  get  it.  Could  it  be 
made  to  pay  to  buy  the  manure  in  the 
Summer  (150  tons)  and  keep  until  Fall 
and  then  spread  it:  after  corn,  cabbage, 
beets,  carrots,  potatoes,  celery,  lettuce 
and  beans  are  done,  and  let  it  lie  dur¬ 
ing  tbe  Winter?  I  have  bought  one  or 
two  cars  in  the  Summer,  hut  it  burns  so 
badly.  What  is  tbe  loss  per  ton  after 
it  is  burned?  My  farm  is  sandy  and 
fresh  manure  plowed  under  in  the  Spring 
does  not  rot  very  fast.  B.  e. 
During  the  Summer  we  see  great  piles 
of  manure  along  the.  railroad  tracks  held 
for  Fall  and  Winter  delivery.  It  is 
packed  down  hard  and  kept  wet  to  pre¬ 
vent  too  rapid  fermentation.  You  can 
keep  the  manure  over  and  save  the  dif¬ 
ference  in  price,  though  the  time  spent 
in  Summer  hauling  will  be  worth  far 
more  than  in  Winter.  In  some  of  the 
suburban  towns  the  Board  of  Health 
will  prohibit  manure  shipments  in  Sum¬ 
mer. 
“Firefanging”  or  burning  tbe  manure 
probably  causes  a  loss  of  about  25  per 
cent,  chiefly  in  ammonia.  This  can  best 
be  prevented  by  stamping  the  manure 
down  hard  and  keeping  it  wet  so  n.s  to 
exclude  the  air.  The  use  of  land  plaster 
scattered  or  dusted  over  the  pile  as  it 
is  made  up  will  help.  Make  the  piles 
broad  and  shallow,  and  as  the  manure  is 
thrown  on  stamp  it  down  as  firmly  as 
possible.  If  you  have  a  water  supply 
with  power  take  the  hose  and  soak  the 
manure  thoroughly  from  time  to  time. 
If  you  have  no  hose  pour  several  barrels 
of  water  over  the  pile.  Leave  the  top 
dish-shaped,  so  as  to  catch  and  hold  the 
rain,  and  do  not  let  the  manure  become 
dry.  Tbe  Chinese  make  such  piles,  stamp 
and  wet  the  manure,  and  then  throw  a 
covering*  of  soil  all  over  if — something 
like  the  old-fashioned  charcoal  piles, 
where  the  pile  of  wood  is  covered  with 
earth  and  regulated  so  it  will  not  burst 
out  into  flame. 
Decay  of  Green  Manure 
How  long  after  turning  under  a  green 
mu  mi  re  crop,  such  as  rye.  will  it  be  suf¬ 
ficiently  decomposed  to  get  tbe  best  re¬ 
sults  for  a  follow-up  crop  of  corn,  tobacco 
or  oats?  H.  E.  R. 
Brookfield,  Conn. 
No  one  can  tell  about  this  as  an  off- 
band  guess,  as  it  depends  upon  several 
different  things.  First,  very  young  and 
tender  rye  will  naturally  decay  quicker 
than  rye  which  has  turned  to  straw.  If 
the  rye  is  plowed  under  early  and  before 
it  forms  a  bead  it  would  be  more  likely 
to  decay  in  the  soil  than  if  you  let  it  stand 
until  the  straw  lias  turned  hard.  Also, 
the  condition  of  the  soil  must  be  consid¬ 
ered.  If  you  wait  until  the  soil  has  dried 
out.  then  turn  the  rye  under,  it  will  not 
decay  rapidly.  It  will  decay  much  faster 
in  a  damp,  warm  soil  than  in  one  which 
is  dry.  If  the  rye  is  simply  turned  under 
and  left  with  the  soil  open  around  it  the 
air  works  in  and  dries  out  the  rye  quickly, 
so  that  it  does  not  decay  as  it  would  if 
the  ground  were  thoroughly  packed  down 
around  it  with  a  roller  or  heavy  drag. 
An  application  of  lime  after  plowing  gen¬ 
erally  acts  to  quicken  the  decay  of  the 
rye.  We  have  known  rye  to  remain  in  the 
soil  for  a  couple  of  years  almost  as  hard 
as  it  was  when  first  turned  under.  In 
other  cases,  at  the  end  of  a  couple  of 
months  rye  had  turned  black  and  was 
practically  broken  up  and  fit  for  plant 
food.  It.  is,  therefore,  a  matter  not  of 
the  rye  alone,  but  the  way  it.  is  handled. 
Probably  the  best  way  to  make  it  quickly 
available  would  be  to  plow  under  when 
about.  IS  inches  high,  if  possible  during 
a  time  when  the  ground  is  moist.  After 
plowing  put  on  a  fair  dressing  of  slaked 
lime,  thoroughly  pack  the  soil  and  then 
harrow  the  surface  line. 
The  Most  Vital  Issue 
I  think  C.  S.  Page,  on  page  70,  has 
given  us  a  problem  bard  to  solve  in  the 
question.  “What,  are  we  going  to  do  about 
it?"  There  is  certainly  no  prospect  of 
the  small  farmers  in  this  section  making 
more  than  their  daily  bread,  unless  they 
can  get  together  and  push  ahead  as  one 
body.  There  are  fairly  good  markets  in 
Lincoln  and  Knox  eouuties.  but  each  far¬ 
mer  lias  a  price  of  his  own.  That  I  think 
is  a  big  mistake,  for  if  my  neighbor  sells 
his  potatoes  for  50  cents  pel1  bushel,  it  is 
going  to  be  hard  work  for  me  to  get  $1  for 
mine.  We  must  sell  our  produce  for  the 
best  prices  and  buy  at  least  cost  (with 
no  middleman)  in  order  to  prosper.  And 
to  do  this  we  "must”  get  together,  and 
get  acquainted.  Lets  get  together,  then 
"start  something  and  see  wlm's  boss.” 
Iu  the  near  future  tin  re  will  certainly 
be  something  done  in  the  line  of  co-oper¬ 
ation  in  this  section  of  Maine,  and  why 
not  make  it  1016?  There  isn't  a  reason¬ 
able  doubt  but  what  the  farmers  (if  they 
should  try)  within  a  radius  of  from  20  to 
40  miles  could  get  together,  hold  a  meet¬ 
ing.  then  sub-divide  into  smaller  sections, 
establish  a  standard  selling  price,  and  also 
to  buy  what  they  can't  raise  at  a  whole¬ 
sale  price.  If  the  big  fellow  up  above 
won’t  reach  down  and  help  us  up,  I  can’t 
see  but  what  we  shall  have  to  club  to¬ 
gether  and  get  as  large,  or  larger,  and 
then  if  he  gets  unruly  why  throw  him  out, 
or  better  still,  teach  him  different. 
Maine.  frank  l.  clark. 
Teacher:  “I’m  Surprised  at  you, 
Sammy  Wicks,  that  you  cannot  tell  me 
when  Christopher  Columbus  discovered 
America  !  What  does  the  chapter  head¬ 
ing  of  the  week's  lesson  read?”  Sammy: 
"Columbus  —  14112."  Teacher:  "Well, 
isn't  that  plain  enough?  Did  you  never 
see  it  before?”  Sammy:  "Ves'm  ;  but' I 
always  thought  it  was  iiis  telephone  num¬ 
ber." — II atper's  Magazine. 
Patented  automatic  stop,  uniform  clean-out 
push-board.  Worth  S10  on  any  spreader.  Kx- 
t— —  _ elusive  but  eost3 
WN!  .  vou  nothinirex- 
fis-nsi — %f  I:S 
N  tr  steel  beater  and  wide  spreading  V-raZce 
Pjnv^rizos  and  tears  manure  to  shreds.  .Worth. 
u,,-il  Jin  <ixuet!v 
IWM-CAUIl^j 
AATESLOfl  ia-uj 
IB#  DOWN 
SPREAflBb 
Now  oworbiUnu.m/  |  ‘ 
btocl  un- 
breakable  tongue,  - 
worth  &  morn  oii  any  spre 
fcra  charj^i*  *>n  the  liallowny 
*jir  Sami'  principle  a-*  mnvinir  a  htuixi*  on  roliiTH.  TJiim 
fi  uCuro  Alone  worvh  $26  ot»  any  m  print J«'r.  KxCluaiv*; 
the  G;»ltow-.ty.  Lot  c  i'M  you  nutty  nir  oXtTrf.  ptm’t  tmy  u 
u Jifizaijor  oi  luiy  mxko  or  knul  until  you  iuivo  tried  u  jfcnulflc 
G.T»low.\y atonr  n-.k  without. obiitfdti.TK  youroelf  hr* for* trylmr 
ON  10,000  NEW  GALLOWAY  N?  0  SPREADERS 
FROM  A IOW  TILL  SEEDING  TIME 
This  extra  offer  is  mado  with  the  idea  of  getting  ten  or  more  Genuine  Galloway  Spreaders  in 
every  township  in  the  next  tew  weeks!  One  Galloway  No.  8  always  sells  from  one  to  a  dozen 
inure !  1  make  I  his  new  special  offer  to  got  10.000  advertising  spreaders  distributed  quickly, 
which  w  ill  build  up  an  enormous  amount  of  summer  anil  fall  sales. 
I  sell  on  terms  to  suit  you.  Six  different  selling  plans,  including  one  year  to  pay  installment 
plan,  note  set  t  lenient,  ball  cash,  halt  note,  bank  deposit  or  rash,  at  prices  so  low  you  cannot 
afford  to  do  without  a  manure  spreader.  We  sell  direct,  at  less  than  whoSesale.  from  lactory  to 
farm  at.  the  actual  cost  of  labor,  actual  cost  of  material  anil  only  one  small  profit,  based  on 
tremendous  output. 
PRICES  LOWER  ON  SPREADERS  NOW 
Get  in  on  this  special  distribution  advertising  offer  from  now  until  seeding  time.  At  the  end 
of  twelve  months,  if  the  Galloway  Spreader  has  not  paid  for  itself,  if  you  have  hauled  out  a  hun¬ 
dred  loads  of  manure  or  more,  and  it  has  not  proven  everything  l  say  for  it.  i  agree  to  take  it  hack, 
pay  freight  both  ways  and  return  your  mottcy,  no  ma. :  er  on  watch  plan  you  buy.  Could  1 
make  this  offer  if  l  was  not  soro  of  my  ground?  Every  sale  backed  by  a  $25,003  bank  bond — an 
additional  guarantee  to  you! 
FIRST  READ  THIS 
ifl  AlltlDCnf  1  wish  you  could  have  seen  this 
171 A  If  UnCUa  field  year  before  last  and  the  poor 
crop  on  it!  Here  is  an  actual  photograph  of  a  corn 
crop  grown  in  the  fall  of  191G  after  an  experiment  by 
using  an  application  of  manure.  The  other  photo- 
.  graph  shows  part  of  the  identical  field  taken  the  same 
i  day.  but  that  part  of  the  field  was  nol  manured.  The 
increased  crop  Of  corn  from  this  field  amounted  to 
over  iff  per  acre  where  manur'd!  Figure  it  out  on 
20  or  4ft  acres  or  on  your  own  hold 
NEW  1916  BOOK  FREE 
K  Get  this  big,  new  catalog  A 
\  postal  gets  it.  250  pages.  1’rint- 
jo  /  ed  in  four  odors.  It  tells  how 
handle  manure  w  ill i  the  least 
'■)*/  labor-  how  Galloway  mado 
"spreaders  famous— how  a  run-out. 
unproductive  form  was  turned  in- 
to  a  "gold  riiitiu"  crop  producer— 
Hi ZPJ\  bow  to  build  a  manure  pit  to  pro. 
ffi/ serve  fertility-  how  to  increase 
irjLj  .  .  ■"/ your  com  crop  from  flhto  $  5  p..  r 
/ acre— how  n  Galloway  spreader  will 
I  '  -  '  -’W  pay  for  itself  in  one  year  by  increes- 
Ifi  i%?w*  fi.l.w.r  i.7  mg  crop  profits  and  leave  money  to  put 
.c.b.  •/  in  the  bank  in  the  fall -how  we  sava 
— - -  you  $25  to  f  IS  on  a  r.preiulcr—  how  Gal¬ 
loway,  right  from  the  farm,  n  few  years  ago  started 
.22fe‘ 
THEN  READ  THIS 
1 
rfloo, 
Kansas 
City. 
Council 
Bluffs. 
St  Caul 
and  Chi¬ 
cago. 
L._ 
on 
30  DAYS  FIELD  TRIAL  AND  RETURNABLE  TO  US  WITHIN  ONE  YEAR 
toway,  ritfhl  from  the  farm,  a  lew  yours  oco  started  .  ,  .  ,  ,  ,, 
fun!  built  nj»  h  $2,000,000  industry  by  ncllinjc  direct  from  factory  to  farm -bow  with  a  20- lb.  steel  nnu  nmilcabie 
lVt  i  median i ayu  wr-  accomplish  the  iomc  rcsultH  us  other#  <1«»  with  400  pouiula  of  biittle  gray  iron*-- how  o 
Calloway  epreuder  liumlles  easier  with  t\vu  horses  than  other  app&uicns  with  three  and  otten  four. 
WM.  GALLOWAY,  PRESIDENT,  THE  WM.  GALLOWAY  CO. 
Manure  Spreader  Manufacturing  Specialists. 
uav  if  X  ftl  1 1  n  r  n  I  This  picture  waj  made  on. 
HU  I  171  All  Until  I  tie  tame  day  ns  the  ej  po-  I 
site  photograph.  It  is  in  the  same  held  but  not  ma-  , 
mired.  It  hail  been  cropped  to  death!  This  field  whs  § 
in  exactly  the  same  condition  as  the  othir  field,  •: 
planted  the  same  day.  cultivated  the  same  way.  4 
grown  from  tiie  anme  seed,  by  the  same  man.  but  j 
was  not  manured.  A  Galloway  manure  spreader  will  I 
Kositlvely  pay  for  itself  in  one  year  if  ycli  have  a, 
Wiflrctl  loads  or  mere  to  tiaol— and  leave  you  money  t 
besides!  Rend  our  special  JSdfi  proposition  in  this  ad.  5 
and  tbe  complete  story  of  this  experiment  in  the  new  ’ 
Til  6  big  catalog.  J 
OTHER  I9!6  FEATURES—  IMPROVEMENTS  t 
In  addition  to  our  exclusive  patent, yd  roller  feed,  au-  5 
toroalie  atop,  uniform  clean-out,  push-board  the  i 
everlasting  heater  and  V-Kake.  we  have  many  Other  . 
valuable  features,  including  pressed  Btcil  tergue;  dou-  | 
bio  chain  direct  drive  from  rear  wheels;  toilless  agren 
with  force  feed;  frame  work  of  charnel  steel,  truss-  5 
ed  like  a  steel  bridge;  cut  under  Trent  wheels,  st-iitf 
turning; extra  light  draft;  two  horses  will  Co  with* 
this  spreader  what  it  takes  three  or  four  to  oo  with  | 
other  spreaders;  seat  fobls  forward  out  of  the  way 
when  loading;  lid  to  70  buehels  capacity  but  so  con-  ( 
struoted  that  manure  can  i  piled  Is  to  20  h  ints  j 
above  the  top  of  the  box  and  ti  1  spreader  will  sue- j 
cess  fully  handle  it. 
Remember  we  manufacture  this  spre  t  ier  in  our  own  factorial,  and  sell  it  direct  to  you  from  1st  lory  to  farm.  | 
This  spreader  should  not  ha  compared  or  confused  with  other  law- priced  spreaders  that  do  not  hay.  tin-  special 
exclusive  patented  features  and  genuine  merit  (backed  up  by  tens  of  thousand-  of  Galloway  spreader  usets)  ■ 
that  is  fount!  in  the  Galloway.  Beware  of  cheap,  absolutely  worthless  imitations  of  the  genuine  Galloway.  : 
Bowaro  of  imitations  at  any  price.  Get  a  genuino  Galloway  and  you  will  be  safe.  1 
279  GALLOWAY  STATION,  WATERLOO,  IOWA 
s-is 
NOT 
.r. 
PERFECTLY  SATISFIED 
