450 
Oie  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
March  11,  191G. 
A  “Cream  Thief”  or  a 
“Savings  Bank” 
Cream  Separator? 
WITH  a  great  many  machines  or  implements  used  on  the  farm  it 
doesn’t  make  much  difference  which  of  several  makes  you  buy. 
One  may  give  you  a  little  better'  or  longer  service  than  another, 
but  it’s  mostly  a  matter  of  individual  preference  and  often  it  makes  little 
difference  which  one  you  choose. 
No  so  with  buying  a  cream  separator,  however. 
There  is  a  big  difference  in  cream  separators. 
The  most  wasteful  machine  on  the  farm  is  a  cheap,  inferior  or  half 
worn-out  cream  separator. 
The  most  profitable  machine 
on  the  farm  is  a 
Cream  Separator 
A  cream  separator  is  used  twice  a  day,  730  times  a  year,  and  if  it 
wastes  a  little  cream  every  time  you  use  it  it’s  a  “cream  thief,”  and  an 
expensive  machine  even  if  you  got  it  as  a  gift. 
But  if  it  skims  clean  to  the  one  or  two  hundredths  of  one  per  cent, 
as  thousands  and  thousands  of  tests  with  a  Babcock  Tester  show  the 
De  Laval  does,  then  it’s  a  cream  saver,  and  the  most  profitable  machine 
or  implement  on  the  farm — a  real  “savings  bank”  for  its  fortunate  owner. 
Butcleaner  skimming  isn’t theonly  advantagetheDe Laval  user  enjoys. 
There  are  many  others,  such  as  longer  life,  easier  turning,  easier 
washing,  less  cost  for  repairs,  and  the  better  quality  of  De  Laval  cream, 
which,  together  writh  its  cleaner  skimming,  make  the  De  Laval  the  best 
as  well  as  the  most  economical  cream  separator. 
If  you  need  a  De  Laval  right  now  there  is  no  reason  why  you  should 
let  its  first  cost  stand  in  the  way,  because  it  may  be  purchased  on  such 
liberal  terms  that  it  will  actually  pay  for  itself  out  of  its  own  savings. 
A  De  Laval  catalog  to  be  had  for  the  asking  tells  more  fully 
why  the  De  Laval  is  a  “  savings  bank  ”  cream  separator,  or  the 
local  De  Laval  agent  will  be  glad  to  explain  the  many  points  of 
De  Laval  superiority.  If  you  don't  know  the  nearest  local  agent, 
simply  write  the  nearest  De  Laval  main  office  as  below. 
THE  DE  LAVAL  SEPARATOR  CO. 
165  Broadway,  New  York  29  E.  Madison  St.,  Chicago 
50,000  BRANCHES  AND  LOCAL  AGENCIES  THE  WORLD  OVER 
Feeding  a  Balanced  Ration 
Live  stock  foods  are  rouahly  divided  Into  four  clansaa  of  substances- -protein,  or  lean  meal,  or  mu.icln  makers;  carbohydrates, 
which  are  starch  or  fat  formers  :  pur.*  fat ;  and  liber,  the  latter  belnR  tousrh.  IndiKestlble  matter.  Tbo  protein  cannot  take  the 
place  of  carbohydrates  and  fat,  ami  the  theory  of  a  balanced  ration  is  to  combine  the  two  classes  of  food  so  that  there  will  bo 
the  least  waste  and  still  rIvo  the  animal  whnt  it  needs.  The  “nutritive  ratio"  means  the  ratio  between  t’tofcein  and  combined 
carbohydrates  and  fat.  One  part  of  protein  to  throe  of  the  other  would  be  a  “  narrow"  ratio,  while  one  part  to  ■iifht  would  be  a 
‘  wide"  ratio. 
tiu  between  protein  and  combined 
The  following  analyses  are  used  in  figuring  rations  : 
Feeding  Stuff 
Corn  Fodder,  prreen 
Corn  Fodder,  cured 
Mixed  Hay 
Red  Clover 
Timothy 
Alfalfa  Hay 
Corn  Meal 
Distillers’  Grains,  dry 
Wheat  I’.ran 
Cottonseed  Meal 
Fat 
Dtoentfbl*  1 
Protein  Garbo. 
Feeding  Stuff 
Dry  Matter 
Fat 
Digestible 
Protein  Carbo. 
20.7 
.5 
1.0 
and  Fat 
12.8 
Linseed  Meal.  O.  P. 
90.2 
7.8 
30.2 
and  rat 
47.5 
67.6 
1.6 
2.5 
37.2 
Hominy  Chop 
Buckwheat  Middlings 
Brewers'  Grains,  dry 
90.4 
8.0 
6.8 
77.2 
84.7 
2.6 
4.2 
44.9 
87.2 
6.8 
22.7 
61.2 
84.7 
3.3 
7.1 
41,9 
91.3 
6.7 
20.0 
45.7 
86.8 
2.6 
2.8 
45.3 
Gluten  Meal 
90.5 
6.6 
29.7 
6C.2 
91.9 
2.1 
10.5 
42.5 
Gluten  Feed 
90.8 
8.5 
21.3 
59.3 
85.0 
3.8 
6.7 
72.2 
Oats 
89.6 
4.8 
10.7 
62.3 
92.4 
12  9 
22.8 
66.8 
Barley 
89.2 
1.8 
9.4 
75.9 
88.1 
4.0 
11.9 
47.6 
Rye 
91.3 
1.9 
9.5 
72.1 
93.0 
10.2 
37.6 
43.0 
Wholesale  Prices  for  Standard  Feeding  Stuffs. 
Bran,  Middlings. 
New  York  .  24.00@25.00  26.00@29.00 
Philadelphia  .  24.00@24.50  25,50@28.00 
Cleveland  . .  23.00@24.00  25.00@27.00 
Buffalo  .  22.00@22,50  23.00@25.00 
Pittsburgh  ..........  22,00@22.50  23.00@26.00 
LOCAL  PRICES. 
Cinoinnatus,  N.  Y.,  wheat  bran ,  ton,  $32  j 
middling*,  $34:  com  mtJal,  $30;  corn  (whole), 
$30;  gluten,  $30;  hominy,  $33;  oil  moal,  $40. 
Westport.  Musa.,  wheat  bran,  $28  and  $30; 
middlings,  $42:  corn  meal,  $36;  gluten  feed,  $36; 
stock  feed.  $33;  dried  beet  pulp,  $31. 
Berwyn,  Md.,  whoat.  bran.  100  lbs.,  $1.32'g; 
gluten  feed,  $1.70;  ground  oats.  $2.05;  red  dog 
middlings.  $1.70;  brown  middlings,  $1.45;  choice 
white  middlings,  $1.50;  Alfalfa  meal,  $1.35; 
corn  chop,  $1.66;  cottonseed  meal,  $2.10;  dried 
brewers'  grains,  $1.60;  rye  distillers’  grains, 
$1.30;  dried  hoot  pulp,  $1.60. 
otisville,  Mioh.,  wheat  bran,  ton.  $26;  stan¬ 
dard  middlings,  $26;  dour  middlings,  $35;  corn 
meal,  $36. 
Moreland  Sta.,  N.  Y.,  wheat  bran,  ton,  $30; 
standard  middlings,  $30;  white  middlings,  $35; 
corn  meal,  $33;  corn  and  oats,  $37. 
Centerville,  N.  Y.,  wheat  bran,  ton,  $25; 
corn  meal,  $32;  oil  meal,  $40;  cottonseed  meal, 
$40. 
Summer  Dairy  Ration 
Will  you  advise  me  how  to  handle  my 
cows  next  Summer?  I  have  six  grade 
Holsteins  that  will  be  fresh  about  April 
1st,  will  not  have  Very  much  pasture  for 
them.  I  have  a  silo,  hut  will  take  all  I 
have  to  winter  them.  What  should  I 
feed  during  the  Summer  for  best  results? 
A.  P.  B. 
Since  you  do  not  have  silage  to  sum¬ 
mer  your  cows  and  very  little  pasture,  it 
will  be  advisable  for  you  to  grow  some 
ireen  crops  and  feed  in  the  barn,  supple¬ 
menting  with  grain.  If  you  figure  there 
will  be  a  period  when  green  crops  will  not 
be  available,  you  would  better  lay  in  a 
supply  of  Alfalfa  hay,  and  feed  this  in 
absence  of  green  crops.  Grow  soiling 
crops  adapted  to  your  country,  probably 
oats  and  pens,  clover,  millet  and  corn.  If. 
is  impossible  to  give  you  a.  grain  ration  to 
supplement  your  Summer  roughage  which 
may  he  the  most  economical  when  Sum¬ 
mer  comes.  However,  the  following  grain 
mixture  fed  in  ratio  of  a  pound  of  grain 
to  four  pounds  of  milk  is  balanced : 
2  parts  cottonseed  meal. 
2  parts  distillers’  grains. 
1  part  gluten  feed. 
1  part  hominy  feed. 
If  possible,  plan  to  grow  enough  silage 
to  summer  your  cows  a  year  from  next 
Summer,  or  at  least  enough  to  keep  them 
a.  part  of  the  Summer.  Feeding  from  tin1 
silo  in  Summer  gives  good  results  and  is 
more  economical  than  growing  green 
crops.  u.  F.  .j. 
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Thousands  in  use  giving  splendid  satisfaction. 
A  new,  well  made,  easy  ronuinz,  easily  cleaued  separator  that 
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American  Separator  Co.,  Box  2075  Bainbridge,  N.  V. 
Can  I  Supplement  Corn  Silage  With- Alfalfa 
“Hay,  and  Thereby  Save  Money  ? 
The  following  are  the  principal  fac¬ 
tors  that  have  prompted  the  discussion 
of  this  question : 
1.  The  rapid  increase  in  the  number 
of  silos  and  the  recognition  of  si.hige  as  a 
most  excellent  feed  for  dairy  cows. 
2.  The  increase  in  the  production  of 
Alfalfa  hay,  particularly  the  many  suc¬ 
cessful  attempts  to  grow  Alfalfa  in  New 
England. 
3.  The  increase  in  the  price  of  grain. 
4.  The  realization  on  the  part  of  feed¬ 
ers  that  Alfalfa  hay  and  corn  silage  are 
of  opposite  composition,  i.e..  Alfalfa  hay 
i,s  higher  in  protein  and  corn  silage  low, 
and  that  when  put  together  in  the  right 
proportion  they  make  a  balanced  ration; 
also  the  fact,  that  both  feeds  are  very 
palatable. 
5.  The  fact,  that  Alfalfa  hay  at  $23  or 
$24  per  ton  is  a  better  buy  than  some 
of  the  grain  feeds  at  higher  prices. 
There  is  no  question  but  that  a  liberal 
use  of  corn  silage  and  Alfalfa  hay  will 
permit  the  use  of  little  or  no  grain  and 
hence  make  it  possible  in  the  majority  of 
cases  to  produce  mi, Ik  at  less  cost.  This 
method  of  feeding  has  a  particularly 
strong  place  in  those  sections  distant 
from  cities  where  milk  is  being  sold  to 
large  dealers  at  a  low  figure.  Whether 
the  man  who  is  getting  a  good  price  for 
his  milk  can  get.  enough  more  milk  out  of 
cow.s  by  feeding  a  large  amount  of  grain, 
making  a  ration  of  greater  variety  to  pay 
for  the  grain  is  a  point,  for  investigation. 
Farmers  have  reported  the  production  of 
their  cows  to  be  as  good  on  corn  silage 
and  Alfalfa  hay  with  little  or  no  grain 
as  on  less  amounts  of  silage  and  Alfalfa 
hay  or  other  roughage  and  a  liberal  sup¬ 
ply  of  grain.  It  seems  fair  to  assume, 
therefore,  that  the  average  working  cow, 
not.  the  cow  on  test  or  out  for  a  big  rec¬ 
ord,  wi,ll  produce  as  much  on  silage  and 
Alfalfa  hay  as  on  this  or  other  roughage 
and  a  large  amount  of  grain. 
To  show  how  Alfalfa  hay  may  he  used 
in  place  of  grain,  the  following  rations 
with  cost  of  same  are  presented.  These 
Gluten  Feed. 
3I,00@32,00 
31.00fo)32.00 
30.00@31.00 
30.00@30.50 
30.00@31.00 
Corn  Meal. 
32.00@33.00 
31.00@38.00 
32.00@33.00 
3I.00@31.50 
31.00@32.00 
Cottonseed 
Meal. 
41.00@42.00 
41.00@42.00 
39.00@41.00 
40.00@41.00 
40.00@41.00 
rations  are  all  for  a  1,000- -lb  cow,  produc¬ 
ing  25  lbs.  of  4%  milk  daily.  The  re¬ 
quirement  for  this  cow  is  2.312  lbs.  of 
protein  and  12.83  lbs.  of  carbohydrate 
equivalent  daily. 
Ration  No.  1. 
Feed 
rroteln  C. 
II.  Equiv.  Cost 
30 
lbs. 
corn  silage  .  . 
.330 
4.980 
.075 
10 
lbs. 
mixed  buy  . . 
■* 
.430 
4.700 
.09 
.700 
9.680 
.165 
n 
lbs. 
gluten  feed  . . 
.  , 
.432 
1.182 
.031 
T 
lb. 
ilisl  Silers*  grains 
.224 
.665 
.0165 
lbs. 
cottonseed  meal 
.555 
.616 
.03 
i 
lb. 
linseed  oil  meal 
.302 
.477 
.02 
% 
lb. 
wheat  bran  . . . 
.062 
242 
.0063 
c 
lbs. 
grain  . 
.  , 
2.335 
12.862 
$.2690 
Ration  2. 
Protein  C.  H.  Equiv.  Cost 
30  lbs.  corn  silage  .... 
.330 
4.980 
.075 
10  lbs.  Timothy  hay... 
.300 
4.55 
.125 
.630 
9.530 
.200 
2  lbs.  gluten  feed  .... 
.432 
1.182 
.031 
1  lb.  distillers*  grains. 
.224 
.665 
.0165 
1 1 lbs.  cottonseed  meal 
.555 
.616 
.03 
1  11).  linseed  oil  meal.. 
.302 
.477 
.02 
1  lb.  wheat  bran  . 
.124 
.484 
.0130 
C!4  lbs.  groin  . 
$.3105 
Ration  3. 
Feed  Protein  C. 
II.  Equiv.  Cost 
30  lbs.  corn  silage . 
.330 
4.98 
.075. 
10  lbs.  Alfalfa  bay.... 
1.06 
4.10 
.10 
1.390 
9.08 
.175 
2  lbs.  distillers’  grains 
.448 
1.33 
.033 
1  >L-  lbs.  corn  and  eob  meal 
.064 
1.08 
.0187 
2  lbs.  gluten  feed  .... 
.432 
1.182 
.031 
5 Yj  11)s.  grain  . 
2.361 
12.672 
$.2577 
Ration  4. 
Protein  c.  H.  Equiv.  Cost 
15 
10 
lbs.  corn  stover . 
lbs.  Ti  uiothy  hay . . . 
.315 
.300 
6.30 
4.55 
.0750 
.125 
5 
lbs.  cottonseed  meal, 
.015 
.  1.85 
10.910 
2.055 
.2800 
.10 
r 
lbs.  grain  . 
2.465 
12.065 
$.30 
Ration  5. 
Protein  C.  IT.  Equiv.  Cost 
35  lbs.  corn  silage... 
. .  .385 
5.81 
.0805 
18- lbs.  Alfalfa  bay.. 
..  1.908 
7.3S 
00 
rH 
2.203 
13.19 
$.2675 
All  of  these  rations  except  No.  5  are 
representative  of  those  being  fed  on  our 
dairy  farms  and,  therefore,  emphasize  the 
need  of  each  dairyman  studying  his  own 
individual  conditions  in  the  matter  of 
feeding.  In  all  these  rations  the  feed 
prices  have  been  constant.  They  have 
{•ecu  as  follows :  Silage  $5  per  ton,  mixed 
liay  $18,  corn  stover  $10,  Timothy  $25, 
Alfalfa  $20,  gluten  feed  $31,  distillers’ 
grains  $33,  cottonseed  meal,  $10.  linseed 
meal  $40,  bran  $20,  corn  and  cob  meal 
$25. 
Ration  No.  1  requires  six  pounds  of 
grain,  all  of  rather  high  protein  nature. 
This  is  at  the  rate  of  one  pound  of  grain 
to  about  four  pounds  of  milk.  A  ration 
of  this  nature  is  fed  very  commonly  be¬ 
cause  so  many  have  mixed  hay  on  hand. 
Ration  No.  2  requires  a  half  pound 
more  grain  and  costs  three  cents  more. 
This  is  because  of  the  extra  grain  and  the 
fact  that  Timothy  hay  was  used  in  place 
of  mixed  hay.  Timothy,  while  having  a 
market  value  higher  than  mixed  hay,  does 
not  furnish  the  nutrients  that  mixed  hay 
docs;  hence,  extra  grain  is  required. 
Ration  No.  3  is  started  on  same  basis 
as  1  and  2,  but  Alfalfa  hay  is  used. 
Here  is  a  ration  requiring  but  5%  pounds 
of  grain.  A  rati.011  slightly  cheaper  than 
No.  1  and  four  cents  cheaper  than  No. 
2.  Note  also  that  the  grain  mixture  is 
a  different;  nature,  permitting  the  use 
of  a  carbohydrate  feed,  corn  and  cob 
meal,  which  is  often  grown  on  the  farm. 
If  one  had  a  rather  limited  supply  of  sil¬ 
age,  it  would  pay  him  to  dispose  of  his 
Timothy  and  buy  Alfalfa,  but  feed  some 
grain  about  as  prescribed  in  ration  No. 
3 ;  four  cents  per  emv  per  day  for  365 
days  means  $14.60.  very  often  the  dif¬ 
ference  between  profit  and  loss  on  a  cow. 
A  comparison  of  rations  2  and  3  em¬ 
phasizes  the  slogan  “swap  your  Tim¬ 
othy  for  Alfalfa”  in  feeding  dairy  cows. 
Ration  No.  4  is  an  example  of  poor 
and  uneconomical  cow  feeding.  Yet  on 
many  farms,  corn  stover  and  Timothy,  or 
even  Timothy  alone  is  the  sole  rough- 
age  fed.  This  ration  shows  _  that  it  is 
impossible  to  feed  the  cow  in  question 
WHICH  WILL  YOU  BUY 
