499 
ohe  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
New  England  Notes 
(Continued  from  page  496.) 
on  the  entire  number  tested  now  as  com¬ 
pared  with  the  net  in  1911. 
COUNTY- WIDE  COW  TESTING 
The  cow  testing  in  Central  Massachu¬ 
setts.  as  outlined  by  Mr.  Clark,  showed 
much  the  same  experience.  At  the  start 
enough  cows  were  secured  to  employ  one 
man  and  a  first-class  tester  was  obtained. 
By  November  another  man  was  needed, 
and  last  month  986  cows  were  tested. 
The  question  of  feeds  was  found  import¬ 
ant.  Often  the  low-priced  feeds  were 
most  expensive,  costing  perhaps  twice  as 
much  per  pound  of  protein  contained  ns 
compared  with  higher  priced  feed.  The 
poorest  herd  showed  a  loss  ou  every  cow. 
Reducing  the  number  of  cows  increased 
the  profit  in  one  instance  to  the  extent 
of  $60  per  month.  Often  $10  to  $15  per 
month  was  saved  by  feeding  different 
grain.  Cow-testing  had  increased  the  in¬ 
terest  in  purebred  stock  and  during  the 
year  $4,000  worth  of  purebred  stock  had 
been  brought  into  Worcester  County  or 
bad  changed  hands  in  Worcester  County. 
TIIE  START  FOR  BETTER  PRICES 
A  very  interesting  discussion  on  mar¬ 
keting  dai,ry  products  was  introduced  by 
J.  C.  Orcutt.  secretary  of  the  committee 
on  agriculture,  Boston  Chamber  of  Com¬ 
merce.  There  were  two  main  points,  ac¬ 
cording  to  the  speaker.  First,  the  farmer 
must  know  the  cost  of  producing  in  or¬ 
der  to  know  what  price  he  must  ask  and 
be  able  to  argue  with  liis  buyer.  When 
lie  knows  he  will  not  lie  so  eager  to  sell 
below  cost,  but  will  try  to  organize  with 
his  neighbors.  Second,  he  must  under¬ 
stand  the  changed  Conditions  of  the  mar¬ 
ket.  Improved  transportation  and  re¬ 
frigeration  made  it  possible  to  bring  but¬ 
ter  from  the  West  and  even  from  South 
America  and  Siberia.  Changes  in  the 
consuming  market  had  increased  the  de¬ 
mand  for  milk  at  wholesale  for  hotels, 
cafes  and  restaurants.  Milk  was  also 
being  used  in  many  new  ways.  It  is 
hard  for  producers  to  get  a  direct  mar¬ 
ket.  A  consumer,  such  as  a  drug  store, 
might  require  so  many  quarts  of  cream 
of  a  certain  per  cent.,  hut  the  quantity 
would  vary  from  day  to  day,  and  the 
consumer  would  rather  pay  more  to  buy 
from  a  city  dealer  because  he  could  vary 
the  quantity  from  day  to  day.  At  pres¬ 
ent  S2%  of  the  milk  shipped  to  Boston  is 
pasteurized.  It  would  cost  more  to  pas¬ 
teurize  small  lots.  All  cream  is  stand¬ 
ardized:  that  is,  mixed  with  milk  to 
bring  it  to  whatever  per  cent,  the  cus¬ 
tomers  require.  On  the  other  hand,  but¬ 
ter  is  actually  turned  back  into  cream. 
Unsalted  butter  from  cold  storage  is 
churned  and  emulsified  with  milk  to 
make  a  kind  of  artificial  cream.  To  ob¬ 
tain  a  market,  producers  must  control 
enough  milk  to  secure  a  buyer  under 
present  market  conditions.  Mr.  Orcutt 
believed  it  would  not  be  possible  to  do 
away  with  milk  dealer's  or  contractors, 
assorting  that  the  distributors  are  more 
advanced  and  efficient  in  their  methods 
than  are  the  producers. 
Prominent  in  the  discussion  that  fol¬ 
lowed  was  Mr.  Whiting,  of  D.  Whiting 
&  Sons,  large  Boston  milk  contractors, 
lie  spoke  in  defense  of  the  leased  ear 
system,  which  he  said  had  proved  the 
most  economical  method  of  transporting 
milk  for  the  past  65  years.  He  objected 
to  the  report  of  the  Chamber  of  Com¬ 
merce  alleging  a  practical  monopoly  in 
a  majority  of  milk-producing  sections. 
The  small  creameries  and  cheese  factor¬ 
ies  were  not  able  to  give  effective  compe¬ 
tition,  and  the  small  producer  could  ship 
to  Boston  only  by  baggage  car  at  double 
rates  and  no  icing.  According  to  Mr. 
Whi.ting,  the  question  of  surplus  milk 
had  not  been  sufficiently  considered.  It 
ought  to  be  possible  to  use  more  of  the 
surplus  on  the  farm  in  making  various 
dairy  products. 
Chief  Kal].  of  the  Dairy  Division,  TT. 
S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  empha¬ 
sized  the  same  idea,  suggesting  that,  such 
products  as  Neufohatel  cheese,  cream 
cheese,  Roquefort  cheese,  might  be 
made  not  only  in  the  country  dis¬ 
tricts  but.  from  the  surplus  milk  in 
the  city.  Chief  Rail  also  spoke  of 
the  coming  National  Dairy  Show,  which 
he  considers  bids  fair  to  he  the  greatest 
show  of  the  kind  ever  held  anywhere. 
There  would  bo  a  great  show  of  dairy 
cattle  of  all  breeds,  and  a  remarkable  dis¬ 
play  of  agricultural  implements  and  sup¬ 
plies. 
TO  UNITE  DAIRY  FORCES 
On  resolution  offered  by  President  F 
L,  Butterfield,  of  Massachusetts  Agrieu 
turnl  College,  the  executive  conimitte 
were  risked  to  start  a  federation  of  (lair 
interests  of  New  England  in  order  to  c< 
operate  with  the  management  of  the  N: 
tioual  Dairy  Show.  Following  are  th 
officers  of  the  New  England  Federatio 
for  Rural  Progress,  for  the  coming  year 
President,  L.  II.  Ilealey,  North  Wooc 
stock,  Conn.  ;  vice-president,  E.  S.  Biffi 
ham,  Commissioner  of  Agriculture,  Si 
Albans,  Vt. ;  secretary  and  treasure! 
James  A.  MeKihhen,  Boston  executiv 
committee,  Dr.  K.  L.  Butterfield,  Am 
herst.  Mass..  W.  N.  Cady,  Middloburj 
Vt.,  B.  L.  Hartwell,  Kingston,  R.  I.,  j 
M.  Adams,  Durham,  N.  II.,  II.  J.  Bakoi 
Stores,  Conn.,  C.  L.  Purrington,  lecture 
of  Maine  State  Grange,  Topsham,  Ale. 
G.  B.  F. 
Buffalo  Markets 
Weakening  of  the  apple  market  is  the 
feature  of  the  produce  situation,  good- 
sized  Pacific-coast  apples  selling  as  low 
as  11  for  10  cents.  The  wholesale  quo¬ 
tation  is  not  above  $6.75  for  reds  and 
$8.25  for  greens,  with  russets  $2.50  and 
second  grades  $2.25,  top  prices.  Pota¬ 
toes  have  remained  stationary,  at  $1  to 
the  farmer  and  from  $1.25  up  to  the  con¬ 
sumer.  Bermudas  are  $7.50  to  $8.50  per 
barrel,  and  sweets  $1.20  per  hamper. 
Onions  arc  also  active  at  $1.75  for  fancy 
yellow  and  $2  for  small  hamper  of  Span¬ 
ish.  The  short  emp  of  beans  makes  them 
easily  the  most  expensive  vegetable  being 
$1  tor  pea  and  $4.50  to  $4.75  for  red  kid¬ 
ney.  The  season's  advance  has  brought 
strawberries  down  to  80  cents  per  quart. 
Pineapples  are  $4.20  to  $4.75  per  crate, 
wholesale,  or  lo  to  20  cents  each,  retail, 
t 'ran berries  are  $8  to  $5,50  per  barrel,  re¬ 
tailing  at  10  cents  per  quart,  for  good 
quality. 
Vegetables  are  sternly.  Cabbages  did 
not  advance  much,  wholesaling  at  75  to 
8>»  Cents  per  barrel,  but  squashes  are  now 
$8:50  per  ewt.  Lettuce  is  much  more  va¬ 
ried  than  sometimes,  being  60  cents  per 
box.  hothouse;  81. oO  to  $2.50  per  hamper, 
home  grown;  $2.50  to  $8  per  barrel  for 
endive;  85  to  40  cents  per  basket  for 
curly,  and  $2.50  to  $4  per  barrel  for  ro- 
maine.  Yellow  string  beans  are  $2  to 
$8.50  per  hamper;  celery,  75  for  small 
per  dozen  bunches  and  $2  per  crate  for 
Florida.  Spinach  is  $1.25  to  $2  per  bar- 
cel. _ General  hothouse  crops  are  $1  to 
$l.o>  per  dozen  for  cucumbers;  $8  to 
$4.50  per  hamper  for  tomatoes;  50  to  60 
cents  per  lmneh  for  pieplant;  18  to  25 
cents  per  dozen  bunches  for  radishes. 
Blitter  is  not  above  87  cents  for  fancy 
and  27  to  28  cents  for  fancy  dairv;  egg's 
are  declining  at  28  to  26  cents  for  the 
full  range  of  wholesale  prices,  no  storage 
being  regularly  offered.  Cheese  remains 
at  the  advanced  price,  20  cents  for  best, 
10  cents  for  common. 
Poultry  is  not.  active,  both  receipts  and 
demand  being  light.  Wholesale  prices  for 
dressed  are  28  cents  for  fancy.  28  cents 
for  idd  toms;  fowl.  19  to  20  cents  for 
fancy;  18  to  22  cents  for  chickens;  27 
to  28  cents  for  capons;  20  to  22  cents  for 
ducks  and  17  to  19  cents  for  geese.  Live 
poultry  is  two  to  three  cents  lower  than 
dressed.  No  live  turkeys  offering.  Rab¬ 
bits  are  firm  at  20  to  80  cents  per  pair 
for  cottontails,  75  to  85  cents  for  jacks. 
J.  w.  c. 
Gardening  crops  as  sold  to  Rochester 
merchants,  mostly  grocers.  Saturday, 
February  19  :  Potatoes,  $1.25  per  bushel ; 
onions,  $1.10  per  bushel;  Carrots,  50 
cents  per  bushel ;  apples,  very  best,  75 
cents  per  bushel ;  turnips,  beets  and 
rutabaga,  40  cents  per  bushel ;  lettuce, 
25  cents  per  dozen  ;  celery.  50  cents  per 
dozen ;  radishes.  80  cents  per  dozen 
hunches;  vegetable  oysters,  80  emits  per 
dozen  bunches;  cabbage,  80  cents  per 
dozen.  I  am  buying  good  ba.v  at  $28 
per  ton:  oats,  60  cents  per  bushel;  ma¬ 
nure.  $1  to  $1.50  per  two-lmrse  load. 
1  V>  to  three  tons,  although  many  garden¬ 
ers  are  paying  $1  and  more  per  ton. 
Lincoln  Park,  N.  Y.  A.  c.  n. 
Lows,  $50 :  native  beef.  $10  per  ewt. ; 
veal  calves.  $12  ewt.;  milk,  7  cents  per 
quart ;  butter,  80  cents;  apples,  $8  per 
barrel;  potatoes,  $1  per  bushel;  carrots, 
50  cents;  beets,  50  cents;  turnips,  50 
Cents-;  onions,  $1.  c.  b. 
Luzerne,  N.  Y. 
potatoes,  95  cents  to  $1.15;  oats,  55 
to  65  cents;  wheat,  $1.  II, av.  Timolhv, 
$12  to  $14;  Alfalfa.  $12  to  $15.  Milch 
COWS  ranging,  $80  to  $100;  dry,  $15  to 
$60.  Butter,  good,  28  to  85  cents.  Milk, 
4  per  cent.,  $1.80  to  $1.90  per  hundred. 
Linden,  X.  Y.  e.  G.  JT. 
February  29. — Wo  are  certainly  get¬ 
ting  the  weather  we  missed  earlier  in  the 
season ;  the  past  two  weeks  have  been 
qui.te  severe,  very  cold  weather  and  a 
heavy  fall  of  snow.  It  has  made  ice  for 
the  ice  man,  of  -which  in  January  lie  was 
a  little  doubtful.  Wheat  and  grass  fields 
are  well  protected.  Farmers  are  busy  in 
getting  up  wood  and  shoveling  snow. 
Trees  have  a  heavy  coat  of  ice.  which 
has  been  on  several  days.  Some  are 
fearful  in  regard  to  fruit  trees.  T  noticed 
in  the  “Pucker,”  which  by  the  way  I 
was  induced  to  take  last  Fall  at  the 
Fair,  that  they  misrepresented  things 
done  at  Rochester  by  the  horticultural 
societies  in  regard  to  the  auction  and 
market  sales.  I  am  very  much  inter¬ 
ested  in  the  stand  you  are  taking  to  de¬ 
fend  it.  I  think  it  is  the  thing,  we  as 
producers,  need.  Eliminate  the  middle¬ 
man.  let  the  consumer  have  our  product's 
at  a  living  figure.  No  reason  why  apples 
should  not  bring  a  better  price  if  they 
were  properly  distributed.  E.  T.  B. 
Canandaigua,  N.  Y. 
February  26.- — Milch  cows  are  selling 
for  $40  to  $75,  according  to  size.  etc. 
Milk  is  bringing  $2  per  hundred  when 
it  tests  4.5;  butter,  80  cents.  There  is 
not  mUeli  fruit  raised  here  excepting  ap¬ 
ples.  Dealers  paid  $1.50  per  barrel  last 
Fall  for  them.  Potatoes,  $1  per  bushel 
at  the  railroad.  Buckwheat,  90  cents 
per  bushel.  Veal  calves,  9  cents  per 
pound  live  weight.  Eggs  at  the  stores, 
-'J v  cents  a  dozen.  Good  horses,  $150  to 
f“n()  Roads  are  very  bad,  drifted 
lull  ut  snow;  every  one  stays  at  home 
excepting  those  who  have  to  go.  E.  s. 
Lutheranville,  N.  Y, 
Rust  Is  Eating 
Your  Profits 
It  is  working  night  and  day  the  whole  year 
round,  getting  in  its  damaging  effects  on  your 
roof,  silo,  wire  fencing,  culverts,  posts,  siding, 
hog  sheds,  troughs,  etc.  When  you  are  on 
the  market  for  these  or  any  other  metal  prod¬ 
ucts,  it  will  pay  you  to  inquire  if  they  are 
made  of  Armco  (Americanlngot)  Iron  because 
ARMCO  IRON 
Resists  Rust 
Letter  still,  we  will  gladly  send  you  the  names  of 
manufacturers  in  any  line  using  Armco  Iron.  With  an 
Armco  Iron  Roof  on  your  buildings  and  conductor 
pipes  properly  grounded,  you  certainly  secure  the  most 
durable  covering  —  a  rust-resisting  and  lightning- 
proof  shelter. 
In  the  Armco  Iron  process  of  refining,  we  not  only 
remove  practically  all  the  impurities  in  the  raw  material 
— the  finished  product  has  also  almost  perfect  evenness 
and  other  special  qualities,  all  of  which  go  to  make 
Armco  Iron  the  most  rust-resisting  iron  made. 
Your  hardware  dealer  or  tinsmith  can  supply  you  with  metal 
products  made  of  Armco  Iron.  Leading  manufacturers  buy  Armco 
8hevt  Iron  from  us  to  make  their  wares.  A  splendid  example  is 
found  in  Matthews  Scrulix  Anchors  with  Armco  Iron  Rods  which 
are  very  Convenient  and  effective  for  the  guying  offences  and 
silos  as  well  as  telephone  and  power  line  poles.  The 
rage  Woven  Wire  Co.  of  Monessen,  Pa.,  also  use  Armco 
Iron  in  their  products.  Write  us  what  metal  equip- 
ment  you  are  in  need  of  and  we’ll  send  you  the  names 
Write  for  Booklet ,  “ Defeating  Rust 
The  American  Rolling  Mill  Co. 
Licensed  Manufacturers  under  Patents  granted  to 
The  -International  Metal  Products  Company 
Box  826  Middletown,  Ohio 
The  trade  mark  ARMCO  carries  the 
assurance  that  iron  bearing  that  mark 
is  manufactured  by  The  American  Roll¬ 
ing  Mill  Company,  with  the  skill,  intelli¬ 
gence  and  fidelity  associated  with  its 
products,  and  hence  can  be  depended 
upon  to  possess  in  the  highest  degree 
the  merit  claimed  for  it. 
The  American  Rolling  Mill  Co. 
Box  826,  Middletown,  Ohio 
Please  send  me  your  book,  “Defeating 
Rust,”  and  tell  me  who  uses  Armco  Iron  in 
Name. 
Send  to  Page  Woven  Wire  Fence  Co.  of 
Monessen.  Pa.,  for  their  catalog  of  Armco 
Iron  Fencing.  We  can  tell  you,  too,  where 
to  get  Armco  Iron  Fence  Posts  and  Armco 
Iron  Silos. 
Town. 
