518 
Ghe  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
March  25,  1916. 
100  Per  Cent 
^  Planter  ^ 
Potato  Kidger 
Potato’ 
Digger 
Potato  Sprayer 
.  4  or  6  Row  . 
Riding-  * 
Cultivator 
With  Disks  If 
^wanted 
U  wanted 
Saves  Potato  Seed 
THIS  year  seed  will  be  scarce  and  high— every  bushel  will  count.  The 
1915  U.  S.  crop  was  nearly  sixty  million  bushels  short.  Potash  wrill  be 
practically  impossible,  but  some  of  the  best  experts  recommend  4-10-0  fer¬ 
tilizer  without  potash.  Less  acres,  better  planting  and  as  good  fertilizer  as 
you  can  get  will  be  the  rule  of  the  best  growers. 
WON  ACE 
100  per  cent 
Potato  Planters 
save  1  to  2  bushels  of  seed  per  acre  by  planting  one  seed  piece  in  every  space 
and  one  only.  Coats  no  more  to  cultivate,  npray,  weed  and  ridge  a  perfect  stand.  Make 
every  seed  piece  count  and  every  foot  of  ground.  Onr  other  potato  machines  include  Riding 
and  Walking  Cultivator* ,  four  and  o;x xwk  Sprayer*  J.'oUiU)  IHgi/erx, Kidger*  and  Weed$n. 
Ask  yoardcnlcrtosbow  them  but  wrlteno  for  separate  book 
for  each  lino.  Sent  Frc®  to  all  wbo  state  in  which  they 
are  interested.  How  many  acres  arc  you  going  to  plant  2 
Bateman  ManufacturinfJ  C«X,  Box  215  -  Grenloch.  N.  J. 
We  also  make  Gardti ;  Tools  for  practical  farmers  and  Sprayer s  of  every  kind. 
The  garden  tools  for  big  results 
They  are  saving  time,  lightening  labor,  and  producing  better  crops 
for  over  two  million  farmers  and  gardeners.  Planet  Jr  tools  last  a 
life-time.  Fully  guaranteed.  72-page  Catalog,  free! 
Describes  over  70  tools,  including  12  entirely  new  ones,  and  improvements 
to  our  Seeders.  WherPlIoes,  Horse  Hoes,  Harrows,  and  Corn.  Potato,  Or¬ 
chard-,  Beet-  and  Pivot-wheel  Riding-Cultivators.  Write  for  it  today! 
S  L  Allen  &  Co  Box  1107V  Philadelphia 
No.  1 1  Planet  Jr— A  double  and  single  wheel-hoc  in  one.  Strad¬ 
dles  crops  till  20  inches  high,  then  works  between  rows  with  one 
cr  two  wheels.  The  pLows  open  furrows  and  cover 
them.  The  cultivator  teeth  work  deep  or  shallow. 
The  hoes  are  wonderful  weed  killers.  The  rakes  do 
fine  cultivation  and  gather  up  trash.  Unbreakable 
steel  frames.  14-inch  steel  wheels  and  specially  hard¬ 
ened  steels— both  new  this  year.  The  greatest 
hand-cultivating  tool  in  the  world. 
SEND  £or Sauls  FREE 
\  ° 
■  sfirn  3 
Shows  yon  the  advantage  of 
buying'  pure  field,  garden  and 
Dower  seeds  at 
BULK  PRICES, NOT  PACKAGE  PRICES 
Saul  prices  are  lower  because  seeds  are 
sold  In  bulk  -no  fancy  packager,  no  taney 
prices.  Saul  Seeds  are  carefully  selected— 
they  COhie  up  right. 
FARMERS.  ASK  US  ABOUT  SAUL  S  EARLY  EUREKA 
the  early  white  ensilage  corn  that,  gives 
enormous  yield;  users  say  it  weighs  400 
to  000  lbs.  more  to  the  load  than  any  other 
when  cut  tor  silo;  1  to  4  ears  on  a  stalk. 
HVt'te  for  this  liig  1016  Seed  Annual,  and 
get  right  on  seed  values. 
C.  F.  SAUL.  227  James  Street,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
BIG  MONEY  I 
pnplenish  your  ordiju’dt  pfeint  yonr  roadside.  WrlUi 
for  low  wholesal«  pruvin  on  our  hardy  nurm»ry  ntnrk  .« 
apT'lu,  plum,  cherry,  #r£LT»t\i.  etc.  Ark*  how  you  can, 
without  using  any  crop  land.  Tnaktr  from  $SMHI  f 
$2. in)  per  acre  cx  tru  profit.  V ou  ulat*  get  our  1V16 
FOUR-COLOR  PURE  SEED  BOOK  AND 
PLANTING  GUIDE  FREE 
Field,  vegetable.  iloweracfO;  fnfitn.  khrabbtfj, 
tr*-i  m,  plants — all  kind*.  Hetuj  pop.inl  tod 4jr. 
IALL0WAY  BROS.  &  CO.,  Dept.  276  Waterloo, lows 
kLow  Prlcos  Take  no  i-hnrtc*.«>  by  eowing  damaged 
i  local  Bead  tlda  year.  Make  hip  money  h y 
■  sowing  our  giiuriuitj  crl  Northern 
Sand  Camuia  Oats.  Ex¬ 
tra  fine  Cure-Bred  duality. 
Wonderful  yields.  Be-  sure 
nnd  get  our  low  prices,  ftlflo  our  valuable  Profit-Sharing 
Exclusive  Field  and  Oran*  Soud  Guido  with  samples  yon 
want  Pro©.  Addmas  AmkiUcan  Mutual  Skko  Company. 
Dept.  SCO  i:.trd  and  Kobcy  St,,  Chicago,  Illinois. 
WELCOME  SEED 
BREEDING-  DEPARTMENT  of  CORNELL  for  its 
thin  hull,  good  straw,  ami  high  yielding  qnalit.ins 
fr>r  ten  years,  giving  10  pounds  morn  oat.  moats  per 
bushel  than  other  highly  ADVERTISED  OATS. 
Price.  $1,511  per  bushel.  Over  Ifl  bushel,  $1,25. 
BESJ.BAVJ  I.M  A  MSA^SONS.Uualiforil.N.Y. 
PURE  FIELD  SEEDS  Alsike,  Alfalfa, 
and  all  kinds  of  Pure  Field  Seeds  direct  from 
producer  to  consumer;  free  from  noxious  weeds 
Ask  for  samples.  A.  C.  HOYT  &  CO  .  Box  R,  Fostoria,  Ohio 
SEEP  CORN 
Bffl,  Sturdy  Seed  Corn— 
fully  dov«jop*>cl.  Price  vetr y  low,  sub- 
,  jrct  to  mlvauco.  Get  in  on  this  high 
quality  seed  fight-a-way.  A  portal  brings 
FREE  SAMPLE  and  prices— write 
STOECKER  SEED  CO. 
SCO  Washington  St.,  PEORIA,  ILL. 
D  SEEDS 
GOOD  AS  CAN  BE  GROWN 
Prices  Below  All  Others 
I  will  give  a  lot  of  new 
sorts  free  with  every  order 
I  fill.  Buy  and  test.  Return 
If  not  O.  K.— money  refunded. 
Big  Catalog  FREE 
Over  700  Illustrations  of  vege¬ 
tables  and  Rowers.  Send  youra 
and  your  neighbors’  addresses. 
R.  H.  SHUM  WAV,  Rockford,  HI 
STOKES 
SEED  CORN 
i - yields  more  per  acre - j 
The  u*'w  1916  Stoke*  Seed  Catalog  toll*  about  the  Stokes 
TTD*tm>fJ  which  brlngn  to  you  only  “pedigreed"  seeds. 
It  idiuvfM  tliu  $*u fit  wuv  ti*  net  better  crops.  Write  for 
n  copy  todxy.  Stnl-e*  $#<k)  Corn  in  jrrawn  in  New  Jorney 
onrit/f  Sdiml  ComHUoim  un»]  b  the  pick  of  the  befit  «<ara 
ft  out  the  iiciiltMvSt  plant*,  Need  bright  and  of  high 
germination. 
IPD-D.Vj  Bristol,  $7.2S  him.;  ft  bus.  at  $2. 
Stokes  Eureka  Ensilage,  S2  bus.;  6  bus.  at  $1.75. 
Improved  Learning,  $2  bus.;  6  bus.  at  $1.75. 
Shipped  by  freight.  Write  for  quantity  prices. 
No  extra  charge  for  containers. 
Stokes  Seed  Farms  Co.,  Inc.,  Dept.[L,  Moorcstown,  N.  J. 
Fins  Sweet  Potato  Seed”'?  JS$.  ® 
Brivet.  Catalogue  Free.  Michael  N.  Boroo,  Vineland.  H.J. 
POTATOES — BUhh,  Gobbler,  Olhiit,  HeDKm,  R"-?,  SIx-wccUm, 
Moneymaker,  Ohio,  Queen.  85  UiudH.  C.  W,  FORD,  Fishers.  N.f. 
rinvor  CppJ-White  and  large  yellow. 
SWCei  Clover  oeeQ.jr)jjU  Lwco  orders  loss. 
R.  E.  PURDY,  •  •  Falmouth,  Ky. 
SIA/FFT  Builds  Worn  Out  Soil.  Has 
■  »  •  higher  protein  i?ONt«Qt  than  alfalfo. 
1  C  D  Write  for  price*  and  information, 
w  W  t  K  £,  Barton.  Box  29,  Falmouth,  Ky. 
Seen  H  range 
Cl  C.  U  u  U  rc  ™  R-rowod y«dlow  Hint 
8oodCorn,$2.50perlmKli«l.  Sample  and  circular  free, 
Jlurry  Yail,  New  51  Ilford,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. 
Sensation— Heavy  yielder.  Also  Learning  & 
ualo  Reid’s  Yellow  Dent  Seed  Corn.  Circular  and 
sample  free.  TUEO.  HURT  A  SONS,  Melrose, Ohio 
REST  SEED  POTATOES  ?L. 
**  A.  G.  ALDRIDGE,  10-20  Aldridge  Bldg..  FISHERS.  N.  Y 
SEED  POTATOES  VS  i  It 
Carman  and  Sir  Walter  Raleigh.  Grown  under 
ideal  soil  and  climatic  conditions.  Write  for  prices. 
JAY  SALTER,  -  Honor, ye  Full*,  N.  Y. 
SWEET  POTATOES  §££5V838 
lived  for  Size,  Shape,  Quality.  Yield  and  Color. 
Circular  free.  GKO,  H.  LIJEPK,  Cologne,  N.  J. 
CABBAGE  PLANTS 
Early  Jersey  Wakefield,  Charleston  Wakefield, 
Copenhagen  Market,  Glory  of  Einkhousen. 
Transplanted  and  well  hardened. 
$3.50  per  1,000;  in  lots  of  10,000  at  $3  per  1,000. 
M.  GARRAHAN,  Kingston,  Pa. 
_  ^SYet.  weather  damaged  nearly  all  fioedn. 
Most  arsi  i all  of  blasted  gnumi  and  weodn, 
Ruekhorn.Thi*tle.a(id  Dock.  Our>  arc  not, 
and  arefnrth«choape«tto  bow.  Scarcity  of 
good  seed  makoe  on rly  liuy-ng  n<tvlr..il,le.  Sam- 
pleb  itud  iuHtroctluttM^lluW  to  know  tiood  Stwl1*  Free* 
Write  today.  0.flI.SC0TT  JH  LX)*  SO  Utkin  SLJlurynvlU- ,0. 
Strawberry  Plants  lid  Imiwers.  Send  for  my  Illustrated 
Catalogue.  Free.  DAVID  RODWAY,  Harlly.  Dataware 
STRAWBERRIES 
We  have  grown  strawberry  forovfer  40  years:  write 
for  our  money-saving  prloe  list.  Otorice  W.  fCrltl^/iiaii 
\iimery  Co.,  Dept.  A,  Benton  Harbor,  Michigan. 
WE  OFFER  500  BUSHELS 
Long’s  White  T  artar  Seed  Oats 
recleaned.  Will  weigh  40  lbs.  per  bushel.  Price,  $1.25, 
while  they  last.  Bags  free.  Send  for  free  sample. 
TRAN4JU1LLITY  FARMS, AUamachy,  N.  J. 
General  Farm  Topics 
Can  Old  Lime-Sulphur  Be  Used  ? 
This  is  the  season  when  the  people  who 
have  lime-sulphur  Solution  left  over  from 
last  year  begin  wondering  whether  it  is 
still  fit  to  use,  and  if  so,  how  to  get  it 
diluted  properly.  On  this  point  I  would 
say  that  the  concentrated  lime-sulphur 
solution  is  not  impaired  either  by  freez¬ 
ing  or  standing  in  storage,  except  in  so 
far  as  it  is  converted  into  crusts  or  crys¬ 
tals  as  a  result  of  leakage  or  undue  ex¬ 
posure  to  the  air. 
This  is  based  on  the  following  facts. 
On  February  1.  1007,  we  made  up  a 
lot  of  lime-sulphur  to  extra  high  density. 
Its  actual  density  was  1.336  sp.  gr.  or 
about  37  degrees  Beamne,  which  is 
about  10%  greater  than  the  standard 
commercial  product.  Part  of  this  lot  was 
placed  in  a  glass  container  and  sealed 
tight.  Thin  sample  was  left  out-doors 
for  a  whole  year,  fully  exposed  to  all 
changes  of  weather,  although  still  within 
its  sealed  container.  It  was  then  brought, 
in  and  tested  in  all  the  ordinary  ways, 
without  discovering  any  change. 
Another  sample  of  this  lot  was  sub- 
pected  to  the  intense  cold  produced  h.v  a 
mixture  of  solid  carbon  dioxid  ami  ether, 
which  gave  a  temperature  approximately 
112  degrees  below  zero  Fahrenheit.  In 
thin  case  the  lime-sulphur  was  frozen 
almost  instantly  to  a  yellowish,  butter¬ 
like  solid,  and  naturally  seemed  to  be 
ruined.  On  return  to  the  ordinary  tem¬ 
perature  of  the  laboratory,  however,  it 
gradually  thawed  out,  and  returned 
completely  to  its  normal  eondtiion,  so  far 
as  we  were  able  to  determine.  The  first 
sample,  although  now  over  seven  years 
old,  is  apparently  as  good  as  it  ever  was 
— not  even  a  crust  or  crystal  in  sight — 
and  the  same  would  probably  have  been 
true  of  the  second,  bad  it  been  properly 
protected  against  air  and  leakage. 
Where  this  protection  has  not  been 
given,  however,  and  we  find  a  mixture  of 
crusts,  crystals  and  liquids  in  the  con- 
tainei’,  it  is  still  entirely  safe  to  use  the 
liquid  provided  it  is  done  properly.  The 
best  procedure  for  this  is  to  strain  the 
solids  out.  test  the  remaining  liquid  with 
a  hydrometer  of  known  reliability,  and 
dilute  it  in  accordance  with  the  density 
shown.  It  is  also  possible  to  get  most 
of  the  solids  back  into  solution,  if  so  de¬ 
sired,  by  boiling  thorn  with  a  little  water. 
The  resulting  liquid  can  then  be  ban¬ 
died  in  the  same  way  as  that  above,  or  it 
can  be  returned  to  the  concentrate  and 
after  thorough  mixing,  he  re-tested  and 
diluted  as  before.  J.  r*  stewart. 
Pennsylvania  State  College. 
A  New  England  “  Hog-Back” 
We  are  new  farmers  of  two  years,  aud 
on  (his  place  is  a  bill  called  a  ‘•bog-back, 
we  think  too  steep  to  plow,  and  it  is  of  a 
gravelly,  stony  nature.  The  grass  now 
growing  on  it  is  mostly  thin  White-top 
and  such  as  will  grow  on  starved  land. 
Part  of  it  we  are  using  for  a  henyard, 
but  would  like  to  get  sonne  returns  from 
the  rest.  It  faces  towards  east  a  little 
southerlv.  What  would  you  advise?  AVe 
keep  about  250  bens,  four  or  five  cows, 
pigs  and  horse,  and  are  within  driving 
distance  to  lime  quarry.  F.  p.  J. 
West  Pocket.  Mass. 
A  three-acre  piece  of  such  land,  dressed 
with  500  pounds  of  slag  meal  per  acre  for 
two  years  in  succession,  came  in  the  fol¬ 
lowing  year  with  a  thick  growth  of  WThite 
clover,  and  has  made  a  first  class  pasture 
for  the  four  years  following  the  treat¬ 
ment. 
Fairly  good  vineyards  have  been  grown 
on  such  land,  but  vines  so  located  will  not 
endure  neglect,  but  must  be  grubbed  ami 
fertilized.  If  I  had  that  piece  next  to  my 
hen  lot  I  would  extend  the  hen  acre  to 
cover  it  all,  and  keep  100  to  200  hens  lo 
the  acre  in  colony  houses  with  or  with¬ 
out  fencing  according  to  the  circum¬ 
stances.  I  would  set  the  land  to  sour 
cherries  and  the  hens  will  do  the  rest  for 
the  most  part.  I  have  the  plan  working 
here  on  just  such  poor,  gravelly  land,  and 
the  trees  are  thrifty  and  profitable,  espe¬ 
cially  such  vigorous  varieties  as  the 
Montmorency  and  Olivet.  Of  course,  the 
steep  slope  would  bother  some  if  you 
spray,  and  when  you  gather  the  fruit. 
Your  local  conditions  may  not  be  good  for 
quick  marketing  and  for  getting  fruit 
pickers,  and  any  such  drawbacks  must 
be  considered  in  planning  to  raise  any 
considerable  quantity  of  perishable  fruit, 
Kven  for  the  pasturage  improvement 
plan,  suitable  fertilizer  can  hardly  be 
bought  to  advantage  now.  Your  cheap 
supply  of  lime  will  help  to  bring  in  clover 
if  you  apply  a  ton  or  more  to  the  acre. 
There  is  still  another  method  of  increas¬ 
ing  the  value  of  your  land  by  setting  it  to 
White  pine,  either  according  to  plans  of 
your  own  or  in  co-operation  with  the 
State  Forestry  Department.  g.  b.  f. 
Seeds  in  Hotbeds;  Training  Tomatoes 
In  sowing  seeds  in  flats  and  using 
same  in  hotbeds  are  the  flats  placed  di¬ 
rectly  on  top  of  the  manure?  2.  In 
training  tomatoes  to  stakes,  tieing  them, 
the  directions  are  to  cut  out  all  suckers. 
What  are  the  suckers?  w.  R.  G. 
Richmond,  Mass. 
1.  It  is  better  to  place  flats  on  three 
inches  of  soil  on  top  of  the  manure  in 
a  hotbed  before  placing  the  flats  in  posi¬ 
tion.  This  helps  them  to  retain  the 
moisture  better  and  makes  possible  an 
evener  temperature. 
2.  The  so-oalled  “suckers’*  of  tomato 
plants  are  the  developing  branches  of  the 
vines.  Iu  trimming  these  are  usually 
cut  off  a  very  short  distance  from  the 
main  stem  that  is  just  beyond  the  first 
cluster  of  fruit  buds.  The  stake  method 
is  used  very  much  where  large  yields  are 
desired  from  a  small  piece  of  ground. 
Pulverizing  Nitrate  of  Soda 
If  I  should  mix  100  pounds  of  nitrate 
of  soda  with  1000  pounds  of  limestone, 
analyzing  08%  carbonate,  55%  calcium 
oxide,  what  would  he  the  analysis  of  the 
ton  of  mixture?  Would  it  do  to  run  the 
nitrate  of  soda  through  the  lime  pulver¬ 
izer  to  smash  the  lumps?  J.  B. 
The  100  pounds  of  nitrate  of  soda  will 
contain  about  16  pounds  of  nitrogen. 
There  would  be  no  other  plant  food  in 
the  1900  pounds  of  limestone,  for  the 
lime  is  used  not  so  much  as  plant  food 
as  for  a  chemical  effect  upon  the  soil. 
The  1900  pounds  of  limestone  would 
make  a  “spreader”  for  the  nitrate  so  that 
this  small  quantity  could  be  more  even¬ 
ly  spread.  It  would  hardly  pay  to  do 
this  work. 
Fruit  Trees  on  Roadside 
What  objection  can  be  found  to 
planting  fruit  trees  along  the  roadsides, 
which  may  later  be  used  as  living  fence 
posts,  not  using  the  tree  to  nail  to,  but 
to  posts  or  boards  put.  between  the 
trees?  My  objections  to  this  plan  would 
be  that  if  the  trees  are  not  to  be  used  as 
posts  to  nail  or  wire  to,  then  there  would 
be  no  need  of  planting  them  for  posts. 
If  posts  are  set  between  aud  on  a  line 
with  the  trees  and  boards  are  nailed  to 
these  posts  it  will  not  be  many  years 
before  the  body  of  the  tree  will  crowd 
the  boards  off  the  posts,  and  if  wire  is 
used  it  will  cut  into  and  destroy  the 
tree.  If  the  trees  are  used  as  posts  the 
growth  of  the  tree  with  the  steady  ex¬ 
pansion  of  the  body  will  cause  the  boards 
or  wire  either  to  choke  the  tree  and  kill 
it  entirely  or  injure  it  so  that  it  will  not 
be  of  any  use  as  a  post  or  tree.  The 
pear  is  so  subject  to  fire  blight,  that 
there  is  no  certainty  of  the  length  of  its 
life,  and  this  is  true  of  most  fruit  trees, 
especially  when  planted  along  roadsides 
and  fence  rows,  when  it  is  not  possible 
to  cultivate  or  spray  them  as  it  is  ne¬ 
cessary  to  do  if  they  are  to  he  kept  in  a 
growing  healthy  condition.  The  Kieffer 
is  no  exception  to  this  rule.  Then  if 
planted  along  the  main  lines  of  travel 
the  dust  from  the  automobiles  means  a 
sure  death  sooner  or  later  to  the  tree 
by  keeping  its  leaves  (lungs)  filled,  or 
covered,  most  of  the  time  by  the  contin¬ 
ual  clouds  of  fine-ground  dust  that  can¬ 
not  he  {nil  ou  by  any  other  destroyer  as 
the  automobile  puts  it  on.  The  needed 
spraying  materials,  like  lime-sulphur, 
etc.,  would  not  be  appreciated  by  the 
users  of  a  public  road,  and  if  the  fruit  is 
to  be  a  consideration  it  would  be  a  dam¬ 
age  rather  than  an  income  to  the  owner, 
as  the  fruit  would  be  taken  and  the  trees 
destroyed  in  the  many  attempts  to  reap 
where  the  reaper  had  not  sown.  Fruit 
trees  in  fence  rows  and  along  roadsides 
are  the  breeding  spots  for  scale  and  other 
insect  pests,  as  well  as  ftmgtis  diseases 
of  all  kinds.  My  advice  would  he  to  use 
good  locust  posts  for  fencing  and  not 
trees  of  any  kind,  as  all  trees  will  prove 
unsatisfactory  both  aS  ornaments  or  util¬ 
ities.  A  tree  is  a  live  growing  sensitive 
organism  and  feels  keenly  neglect  and 
disgrace,  and  no  tree  eau  feel  and  look 
well  when  made  to  act  the  part  of  a 
post.  E.  S.  BLACK. 
New  Jersey. 
