568 
Che  RURAL  ix  h  W  -  If  O  R  K  E  R 
April  1,  1910. 
Good-by ,  Guess  Work 
THE  New  Sharpies  “Suction-Feed”  is  the 
only  cream  separator  which  eliminates 
guess  work  from  cream  production. 
All  other  separators  have  to  be  turned  at  ex¬ 
actly  the  speed  indicated  on  the  crank  or  they 
will  lose  from  7  to  13  pounds  of  butterfat  per 
cow  per  year.  The  Purdue  Experiment  Sta¬ 
tion  and  other  scientific  investigators  have 
proven  these  figures  (see  Bulletin  No.  116, 
Vol.  13.) 
This  “guess”  speed  is  used  by  19  operators 
out  of  20,  because  it  is  impossible  to  turn  the 
crank  at  exactly  the  right  speed. — It  is  much 
easier  to  turn  it  slower — and,  whenever  you 
do,  you  lose  cream.  Even  a  speed  indicator 
will  help  but  very  little,  as  you  won’t  and 
can’t  watch  it  every  minute. 
So  we  say  to  you  dairymen:  Quit  guessing 
about  your  separator  speed  and  your  sepa¬ 
rator  profits.  Use 
THE  NEW 
SHARPLES 
SUCTION-FEED 
Separator  and  know  that  you  get  all  the 
cream  all  the  time. 
Whether  you  turn  faster  or  slower,  the 
bowl  of  the  Suction-Feed  drinks  in  just  the 
right  quantity  of  milk .  The  feature  is  en¬ 
tirely  automatic;  if  you  are  tired,  you  turn 
slower  (which  is  easier)  and,  if  in  a  hurry, 
you  turn  faster  and  finish  so  much  sooner. 
No  matter  how  you  turn,  the  New  Sharpies 
always  skims  clean. 
The  Sharpies  cream 
is  always  of  even 
thickness ,  whether 
you  turn  fast  or  slow. 
The  Supply  can  is  but 
knee  high  so  you  can 
fill  it  without  any 
back  breaking  effort. 
The  three-piece 
Sharpies  bowl  is 
lighter  and  simpler 
than  any  other — no 
discs  to  wash. 
All  these  money¬ 
saving  and  trouble¬ 
preventing  features 
are  described  in  a 
handsome  catalogue; 
Velvet ”  for  Dairy¬ 
men.  Send  for  a 
copy,  now,  while  you 
think  of  it.  Address 
Dept.  12. 
The  Sharpies  Separator  Co. 
Also  Sharpies  Milkers  and  Gasoline  Engines 
West  Chester  -  Pennsylvania 
Chicago  San  Francisco  Toronto  Portland 
BOOKS  WORTH  BUYING 
Animal  Breeeding.  Slmw .  1..r>0 
Brooding  Farm  Animals,  Marshall....  1.550 
Principles  of  Breeding.  Davenport....  2. HO 
Study  of  Breeds,  Shaw .  1.50 
Cheese  Making.  Decker .  1.75 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER,  333 
Business  of  Dairying,  Lane .  1 .25 
Butter  and  Butter  Making.  Putilow..  ,50 
Clean  Milk.  Winslow .  3.25 
Dairy  Bacteriology.  Conn . . .  1.25 
Dairy  Chemistry,  Snyder .  1.00 
W.  30 TH  STREET,  NEW  YORK 
(ltlMtliMlltllllllMllllllltllllllliMllliniilllllllllllllllllMtllMIIIMIIUIIIIIMIIMIIIIIt>lll|MtOl|lliMtl|llliOi|MliO|i'IMtMMMIIi|OMiii>  diillllllllMMll  uiilllllllllllllilltlltlllllillilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillll 
Live  Stock  Notes 
Early  Pasture  Crop 
I  have  three  cows  and  no  pasture.  I 
have  a  field  of  rather  thin  soil,  now  corn 
stubble,  on  which  there  is  no  cover  crop. 
Is  there  anything  I  can  plant  to  make 
a  fairly  good  and  early  pasture  that  will 
last  nil  Summer?  I  shall  have  some  Am¬ 
ber  cane  to  feed  green  in  season.  I 
would  like  to  seed  this  Held  in  time  to 
Alfalfa;  what  preliminary  treatment 
would  you  recommend?  .j.  B. 
Totlersvillo,  N.  J. 
Unless  .T.  B.  would  be  willing  to  grow 
a  soiling  crop,  such  as  oats  and  Canada 
field  peas,  and  follow  this  crop  with  cow 
peas  or  Soy  beans,  l  do» not  know  of  any 
crop  that  he  could  grow  that  would  en¬ 
able  him  to  pasture  same  the  first  year. 
The  oats,  peas  and  Soy  beans  would 
have  to  be  cut  and  carted  to  the  cows  in 
question,  as  it  would  not  be  advisable  to 
pasture  (his  area  with  the  animals.  The 
ground  would  be  soft,  and.  such  a  prac¬ 
tice  would  he  very  extravagant  and  un¬ 
satisfactory. 
Since  the  herd  is  limited  to  three  ani¬ 
mals  I  would  urge  that  he  use  beet  pulp 
as  a  source  of  succulence,  supplementing 
ibis  with  a  grain  ration  made  up  of 
corn  and  cob  meal,  distillery  grains,  cot¬ 
tonseed  meal  and  bran.  If  he  has  Al¬ 
falfa  lmy  so  much  the  better;'  if  not. 
clover  lmy  would  servo  as  a  satisfactory 
roughage,  1  note  his  desire  to  grow  Al¬ 
falfa  on  this  area,  and  to  this  end  noth¬ 
ing  would  he  more  advantageous  than 
planting  the  field  with  oats  and  Canada 
field  peas  in  early  Spring;  cutting  these 
as  a  soiling  crop  during  early  Summer, 
and  plowing  the  field  during  the  early 
part  of  August  preparatory  to  seeding 
with  Alfalfa  about  the  15th  of  the  month. 
The  field  should  be  thoroughly  limed, 
however.  At  least  four  tons  of  ground 
limestone,  or  two  tons  of  burned  lime¬ 
stone  [ter  acre  should  be  applied;  tbo 
area  should  be  inoculated  previous  to 
seeding,  either  by  use  of  commercial  cul¬ 
tures,  or  by  applying  soil  from  an  old 
Alfalfa  field. 
It  should  he  remembered  that  land 
adapted  to  the  growing  of  Alfalfa  should 
be  in  the  first  place  productive,  and  in  the 
second  place  naturally  well  drained,  and 
then  prepared  in  such  a  way  that  the 
field  will  have  a  perfect  seed  bed.  sweet 
soil,  careful  inoculation  and  an  abund¬ 
ance  of  plant  food.  Eventually  such  an_ 
Alfalfa  field  would  supply  him  with  the 
necessary  green  forage  for  his  animals, 
although  the  area  should  not  he  pastured 
at  least  until  the  field  is  two  years  old. 
F.  C.  M. 
The  Vermin  of  Poultry 
Part  I. 
OiXTMKXT  Tukatmknt.  The  best  dis¬ 
cussion  of  the  vermin  which  afflicts  poul¬ 
try  is  Bulletin  No.  80  from  the  <  onneoti- 
eut  Experiment  Station,  at  Storrs.  'I  his 
is  a  pamphlet  by  Prof.  Geo.  II.  I.amson. 
.Ti\,  entitled  "Some  Lice  and  Mites  of  the 
Tien."  In  this  bulletin  Prof.  I.amson  de¬ 
scribes  the  vermin  which  do  most  to  make 
life  miserable  for  the  Tien,  and  also  for 
her  owners.  A  long  and  thorough  experi¬ 
ment  was  undertaken  to  study  (he  life 
habits  of  the  vermin  and  best  methods  of 
lighting  them.  Pictures  of  these  vermin 
are  given  greatly  enlarged  as  they  must 
be  ill  order  to  show  their  shape  and  gen¬ 
eral  character.  The  picture  at  right, 
however,  shows  the  natural  size  of  it 
group  of  hen  lice,  at  the  base  of  a  feather. 
Most  hen  men  are  familiar  with  the  body 
and  head  lice  of  the  hen.  They  vary  in 
size  and  shape  somewhat,  lull  are  aU  to 
be  fought  in  much  the  same  way.  Prof. 
I.amson  finds  the  most  effective  way  of 
fighting  these  body  lice  is  to  use  either 
the  mercurial  ointment  or  blue  ointment. 
There  seems  to  be  something  of  a  mix-up 
ill  the  minds  of  many  people  regarding 
these  two  ointments.  The  mercurial 
ointment  consists  of  50  per  cent,  of  me¬ 
tallic  mercury.  Blue  ointment  is  a  mix¬ 
ture  of  two-thirds  mercurial  ointment  and 
one-third  of  vaseline.  The  mercury  is 
the  most  important  ingredient  in  killing 
the  lice,  although  vaseline  and  lard  also 
have  merit.  A  cheap  way  to  handle  this 
material  is  to  buy  the  mercurial  ointment 
and  mix  it  with  the  vaseline  at  home. 
Two  parts  of  mercurial  ointment  are 
spread  on  a  pane  of  glass  and  one  part  of 
vaseline  added.  They  are  then  worked 
thoroughly  together  by  using  a  case-knife. 
The  mixing  of  course  should  be  done  thor¬ 
oughly.  and  then  the  mixture  should  be 
put  in  a  bottle  and  marked  poison.  An 
ounce  of  this  is  sufficient,  to  treat  about 
75  liens. 
Mktiiod  of  Application.- — The  picture 
below  shows  the  exact  size  of  the  lump 
of  ointment  to  lie  used  on  one  hen.  This 
lump  on  the  end  of  a  huger  is  nibbed 
thoroughly  on  the  bird.  Prof.  I.amson 
says  that  the  best  point  for  applying  the 
ointment  is  under  the  wings,  while  an  ap¬ 
plication  just  below  the  vent  was  also 
effective.  The  ointment  put  on  the  bead 
was  not  ns  efficient  as  the  other  applica¬ 
tion.  The  usual  plan  among  poultrymen 
is  apparently  to  apply  The  ointment  just 
Quantity  of  Ointment  to  Treat  One  Hen 
below  the  vent  after  parting  tlie  feathers. 
This  is  rubbed  into  u  small  area  and  it 
has  proved  very  effective.  After  one 
treatment  of  this  sort  the  lieu  is  practi¬ 
cally  free  from  these  body  lice  for  several 
mouths.  In.  order  to  make  absolutely 
sure  the  ointment  should  be  used  not  only 
below  the  vent,  but  also  under  the  wings. 
These  ointments  sometimes  cause  a 
slight  burning  which  is  shown  by  redden¬ 
ing  the  skin,  and  more  commonly  hap¬ 
pens  on  young  chicks.  The  best  time  t<> 
apply  the  ointment  is  at  night  after  the 
hens  have  gone  to  roost,  as  less  time  is 
then  required  to  eateli  them.  It  does  not 
seem  possible  that  such  a  small  amount  of 
this  ointment  applied  to  the  hen's  body 
Hen  Lice  at  Base  of  Feather 
will  destroy  those  body  lice,  yet  the  re¬ 
sults  are  certainly  remarkable.  A  hen 
thus  treated  was  kept  in  a  glass  ease  un¬ 
der  close  observation.  Many  de.nl  lice 
dropped  to  the  floor,  while  only  three  live 
ones  were  seen  to  leave  the  hen.  Com¬ 
mon  body  Hoc,  it  appears,  roam  over  the 
body  of  the  hen.  Many  persons  believe 
that  it  is  necessary  for  these  lice  to  go 
regularly  t<>  the  vent  of  the  fowl  for  mois¬ 
ture  and  thus-  they  claim  that  the  oint¬ 
ment  put  on  this  place  will  surely  kill 
them.  Prof.  I.amson,  however,  thinks 
that  the  most  effective  poillt  of  attack  is 
under  the  wings  on  the  body.  This  treat¬ 
ment  is  evidently  the  most  effective  way 
Of  killing  the  body  lice.  Dusting  is  not  as 
effective.  Its  results  are  only  tempo¬ 
rary.  and  it  must  be  repeated  over  and 
over. 
