673 
Percherons  as  Work  Horses 
Advantages  of  Weight. — The  advan¬ 
tages  draft  horses  have  over  light  horses 
in  farm  work  are  numerous.  The  trac¬ 
tive  power  horses  can  exert  is  governed 
by  weight,  strength  and  temperament. 
Under  extraordinary  pressure  horses  can 
exert  from  four  to  six-horse  power,  but 
under  conditions  of  daily  work  exert  a 
pull  which  is  about  one-tenth  of  their 
working  weight.  The  horse  power  trac¬ 
tion  required  to  move  farm  implements 
depends  on  t he  soil,  climatic  conditions, 
and  the  condition  of  implements  used. 
Under  favorable  conditions  live  draft 
horses,  weighing  1,600  pounds  or  over, 
will  pull  a  two-plow  gang  of  Id-inch 
plows  a  little  more  than  20  miles,  aver¬ 
aging  from  five  to  5*4  acres  per  day.  It 
will  take  seven  horses  that  weigh  from 
1.100  to  1.200  pounds  to  do  the  same 
work,  and  it  is  not  practicable  to  work 
seven  horses  on  one  gang  plow  with  the 
ordinary  class  of  farm  labor.  It  will 
therefore  require  two  men  on  single 
plows,  one  with  four  and  the  other  with 
three  light  horses,  to  do  the  same 
amount  of  work  that  one  man  will  do 
with  five  draft  horses.  The  same  general 
ruling  applies  in  seeding,  disking  and 
harvesting,  for  while  one  man  can  readily 
handle  five  draft  horses  on  the  imple¬ 
ments  needed,  he  cannot  advantageously 
nor  safely  use  enough  more  light  horses 
to  give  him  equivalent  power. 
Superior  Prices. — Besides  this,  the 
heavy  horses  sell  move  readily  and  at 
higher  prices,  when  surplus  is  to  he  sold. 
Light-weight  horses  have  been  bought  at 
prices  ranging  from  $110  to  $150.  while 
draft  horses  have  brought  from  $200  to 
$.'100  each.  This  is  an  important  factor, 
for  every  well-managed  farm  has  a  few 
surplus  horses  to  sell  annually,  and  the 
readier  sale,  and  higher  prices  realized 
for  draft  stock,  are  factors  which  must 
appeal  strongly  to  all  thinking  farmers. 
Maximum  cash  returns  arc  what  we  are 
all  interested  in.  and  this  we  obtain  from 
drafters  used  in  farm  work. 
Heavy  Breeds. — Of  the  four  great 
draft  breeds — Percliei'O)),  Clyde,  Shire 
and  Belgian — the  Pereheron  is  by  fav  the 
most  popular  in  the  United  States,  and  is 
rapidly  growing  in  favor  in  Canada.  Ap¬ 
proximately  two-thirds  of  all  the  pure¬ 
bred  draft  horses  in  the  United  States  are 
Percherons,  and  I’erchoron  blood  pre¬ 
dominates  in  the  grade  horses  as  well. 
Hardiness,  easy  keeping  qualities,  docil¬ 
ity.  great  weight,  power  and  endurance, 
clean  legs  and  good  feet  are  the  main 
points  which  have  carried  Percherons  into 
popular  favor.  Equally  important  is  the 
prepotency  of  the  Pereheron  when  crossed 
on  common  mares  of  nondescript  charac¬ 
ter. 
J’krciikron  Points. — The  hardiness  of 
the  Pereheron  is  shown  by  the  fact  that 
he  does  well  in  hot, or  cold  climates,  with 
or  without  shelter.  His  easy  keeping, 
good  feeding  qualities  makes  his  main¬ 
tenance  much  cheaper  than  in  the  case 
of  horses  that  arc  fretful — “bad  doers”  — 
as  horsemen  say.  It  also  makes  it 
cheaper  to  put  him  in  shape  for  market, 
and  contributes  materially  to  llis  value 
in  everyday  work.  Event  cartage  and 
teaming  companies  want  a  horse  that 
flanks  down  well  and  that  is  a  good  doer, 
for  they  have  learned  by  bitter  experi¬ 
ence  that  a  horse  lacking  these  qualities 
soon  goes  off  feed  when  put  into  heavy 
work,  and  must  be  laid  off  for  a  rest. 
The  horse  that  walks  oft'  in  the  collar 
like  a  veteran  when  first  hitched,  that 
does  not  fret  at  unusual  sights  or  sounds, 
and  that  is  quick  to  learn  to  obey,  is  a 
pleasure  to  handle.  Such  characteristics 
we  term  docility — good  horse  sense — and 
this  the  Pereheron  possesses  in  superla¬ 
tive  degree. 
Weight  and  Muscle. — Mature  I’er- 
clierou  stallions  usually  range  from  16.2 
to  17.o  hands  in  height  and  weigh  from 
1.700  to  2.100  pounds  when  in  breeding 
condition  not  fat.  Mares  range  from  10 
to  17  hands  as  a  rule,  and  weigh  from 
1,600  to  2.000  pounds  in  working  flesh. 
This  height  and  weight,  due  to  heavy 
bone,  powerful  sinew  and  massive  mus¬ 
cling.  gives  the  Pereheron  power  in  the 
collar  that,  is  beyond  the  average,  and 
with  this  goes  great  endurance,  due  to 
the  great  weight,  good  feeding  qualities 
and  level-headedness  characteristic  of  the 
breed.  The  soldier  who  keeps  his  head, 
and  conserves  his  strength,  outmatches 
©■/>«?  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
and  outfights  the  one  who  does  not.  and 
this  quality  of  steadiness  and  great  en¬ 
durance  is  tine  of  the  strongest  points 
about  good  Percherons,  and  one  of  the 
most  potent  reasons  for  the  popularity  of 
the  breed. 
Quality  of  Leg. — Clean  legs,  with  an 
absence  of  feather,  appeal  strongly  to  the 
man  who  is  crowding  work  early  and  late, 
and  who  has  little  time  for  grooming. 
The  legs  dry  quickly,  are  easily  brushed 
off,  and  keep  free  from  sores  or  grease. 
Only  the  man  who  has  had  to  contend 
with  horses  having  coarse  heavy  feather 
can  appreciate  this  to  the  full,  but  ab¬ 
sence  of  feather  is  recognized  as  a  prac¬ 
tical  point  by  busy  farmers  and  this  has 
been  of  no  slight  importance  in  the 
growth  the  Pereheron  has  made  in  Amer¬ 
ica.  Labor  is  scarce  and  high  in  price, 
and  on  American  farms  the  men  are  not 
mere  teamsters,  as  in  Britain,  but  have 
many  other  things  to  do  when  the  field 
work  is  over.  Hog  and  cattle  feeding, 
and  milking  cows  all  bring  in  more  cash 
than  docs  time  spent  in  drying  horses’ 
legs  with  sawdust,  and  American  farmers 
abhor  useless  labor  that  does  not  net.  cash 
returns. 
Value  As  Hikes. — One  of  the  most  im¬ 
portant  factors  of  all,  however,  is  the 
fact  that  the  Pereheron  sire  begets  good 
colts  from  marcs  of  any  kind  or  size.  As 
t  ne  old  horse  buyer  in  Chicago  phrased 
it :  “The  Pereher  m  grade  is  a  good  horse 
at  any  size  or  weight.”  Bred  to  broncho 
marcs  weighing  from  SOO  to  1,000  pounds, 
the  get,  even  from  medium-sized  Per¬ 
eheron  stallions,  will  weigh,  at  maturity, 
from  1,100  to  1,400  pounds,  and  is  of  the 
compact,  sturdily  built  type  of  the  sire, 
with  most  of  his  good  qualities.  The 
smallest  of  these  Pereheron  grades  make 
ideal  cavalry  horses:  the  larger  ones  have 
been  most  sought  for  for  artillery  work  or 
for  wagon  horses;  and  Pereheron  grades 
sired  out  of  larger  mares,  ranging  from 
1,200  to  1,660  pounds,  are  of  the  same 
compact,  enduring  kind,  of  a  larger  pat¬ 
tern,  suited  to  heavy  artillery,  heavy 
wagon,  or  very  heavy  draft  work.  This 
is  really  the  strongest  point  of  all  to  a  I 
practical  farmer,  for  he  breeds  mares  of 
any  kind  to  a  good  Pereheron  sire  with  a 
certainty  that  the  colt,  large  or  small, 
will  be  of  Pereheron  type  and  salable  at 
a  good  fair  price.  These  reasons,  all 
combined,  have  made  the  Pereheron  the 
most  widely  distributed  and  popular  draft 
breed  in  the  world,  and  are  potent,  factors 
in  causing  more  farmers  to  buy  Per¬ 
cherons — for  be  they  purebred,  or  high 
grade,  they  do  their  part  well  in  the  labor 
of  the  farm.  Good  draft  horses  are  the  i 
soundest  assets  grain  growers  and  stock¬ 
men  can  have,  and  he  who  buys  and  cares 
for  Percherons  never  loses  on  his  invest¬ 
ment  if  lie  selects  good  stock,  breeds  to 
good  sires,  and  feeds  with  a  liberal  hand,  i 
WAYNE  MN. SMOKE. 
Pedigreed 
Just  as  the  pedigreed  herd  brings 
you  greater  profits,  so  will  the 
Saginaw  Silo  give  you  greater  re¬ 
turns  on  your  silo  investment. 
The  development  of  the  See- 
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Send  for  Silo  A 
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Saginaw  A 
Salesman.  A 
Write  now.  /  F* 
Address  A  3 
ST  No' J  I 
I  THE  McCLURE  CO. 
Saginaw,  Mich.  Cairo,  III.  Ft.  Worth,  Tezaa 
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You  Can  Install  a 
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Write  for  booklet  and  our  famous 
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Wfi 
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Pure  Wool  Costs  Money 
in  a  Coat  or  a  Blanket 
IT’S  very  much  easier  to  buy  goods  which 
contain  a  little  cotton  or  shoddy,  and  they 
look  just  as  well  at  first. 
The  difference  shows  up  in  the  wear.  The 
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I  of  pure  wool  is  practically  as  good  as  new. 
—I  It’s  just  the  same  with  Pure  Iron  for  Road 
£  Culverts  or  other  uses  in  which  it  is  exposed  to 
the  elements.  After  cheaper  material  has  rusted 
to  failure,  “Armco”  (American  Ingot)  Iron 
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”  IRON 
1  CORRUGATED 
CULVERTS 
are  made  from  the  purest,  most  even,  and  most  durable  iron  on  the  market. 
Look  for  the  Triangle  Brand.  It  is  your  guarantee  of  Service  value. 
For  full  information  on  “Armco”  Iron  Culverts , 
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ECONOMYef  SILAGE 
Space,  Time  and  Work's 
And  of  money,  loo.  Here's  a  standard  silo  with  many 
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The  practical  construction  of  Unadllla  Silos  from 
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terms. 
UNADILLA  SILO  CO.,  BOX  C ,  UNADILLA.  N.  Y. 
I  f  OR  2  yearly  subscriptions  i 
\J  to  The  RURAL  NEW-YORKER  I 
|  New  or  renewal  One  of  the  two  may  | 
■1  be  a  renewal  of  year  own  subscription  | 
I  I  TT|  This  Transparent  j 
|  |  r#\|  Handle  Name 
1 1 .  II  Knife 
|  I;  li  -  I  Your  name  and  address  will  be  | 
1  J  I  I  printed  and  shown  as  sample  i 
I  hi  [35  9  TT  is  not  alone  a  novelty.  1 
I  H  ;  |j<  I  I  but  it  is  n  good  Pocket  1 
|  1  I  Knife.  The  knife  has  two  1 
|  |l  i  Js  C  M  blades.  One  large  spear  I 
%  \i  1  'O  I  point  uml  one  pen.  Half  pol-  I 
i  \*  It  •  I  i«lj  Herman  Sliver  bolster.  I 
1  IM  p/1  |  brass  lining,  3*4 -iu ell  Cellu-  | 
I  I  \  |  ^  I  loid  handle.  The  material  is  § 
II  “5  5  I  the  very  best  quality  ,  the  | 
M  blades  being  made  of  highest  § 
•C  I  grade  English  Crucible  steel.  | 
,  !,  It;  1  Each  Made  bears  the  trade  | 
|  1  [  j-j  M  mark  "Keen  Kutter,’’  which  | 
1  L  t/s  Ml  iu  itself  is  sufficient  gunran-  1 
1  V1  \  M I  tee  that  it  contains  nothing  I 
1  l|  V  M  but  the  very  highest  grade  of  I 
material,  and  is  of  the  best  1 
M  workmanship. 
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