712 
Z>he  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
May  G,  1916. 
Garden  and  Farm  Notes 
vsitp  thorn  in.  The  New  Era  or  the 
Whippoorwill  will  do.  You  cau  make 
more  corn  with  peas  among  it  than  with¬ 
out.  Cut  the  corn  and  shock  it  at  matur¬ 
ity  and  disk  down  the  peas  well,  and 
son  clover  and  after  a  few  years  could 
make  hay  of  this  clover  before  planting 
corn.  w.  F.  MASSEY. 
Maryland. 
Cabbage  Maggot  and  Cutworms 
The  Connecticut  Experiment  Station, 
New  Ilaven,  has  issued  Bulletin  No.  190 
on  “Insects  Attacking  Cabbage.”  This 
is  a  very  good  discussion  of  a  number  of 
common  cabbage  insects  Every  year  we 
have  many  letters  from  farmers  and  gar¬ 
deners  asking  bow  to  control  cabbage  root 
maggot.  This  bulletin  states  that  the 
most  effective  control  is  a  little  disk  of 
one  pound :  lemons  three :  molasses  two 
quarts :  water  ‘5*4  gallons. 
Mix  the  Paris  green  (dry)  with  the 
bran  thoroughly.  Squeeze  the  juice  of  the 
lemons  into  the  Water  and  cut.  up  pulp 
and  rind  into  fine  pieces  and  mix  to¬ 
gether.  Then  pour  in  the  molasses  and 
stir.  This  mixture  is  then  added  slowly 
to  the  poisoned  bran  mash  and  when  com¬ 
plete  is  rather  dry  and  easy  to  handle. 
This  should  be  applied  by  scattering  it 
broadcast  in  the  late  afternoon,  if  possi¬ 
ble  before  the  plants  are  set.  so  that  it 
will  be  moist  when  the  ‘'worms”  start  to 
feed  in  the  early  evening. 
Early  Spring  plowing  and  harrowing 
will  help  destroy  these  insects,  and  of 
course  where  above  method  is  used  care 
must  be  taken  to  keep  it  away  from  the 
poultry. 
Growing  Red  Cabbage 
Is  any  particular  soil  required  for  red 
cabbage,  or  cau  they  be  raised  on  any 
ordinary  farm  land?  When  is  a  proper 
time  to  plant  and  what  is  the  average 
yield  to  an  acre?  A.  j. 
New  York. 
Red  cabbage  can  be  grown  on  any  soil 
that,  is  in  good  condition  for  any  other 
kind  of  cabbage:  however  it  must  be  re¬ 
membered  that  red  cabbage  requires  a 
longer  growing  season  and  richer  ground 
than  most  other  cabbages.  The  Mam¬ 
moth  Red  Rock  is  the  best  red  variety. 
All  cabbages  grow  best  on  a  sweet  soil 
well  filled  with  organic  material  and  ail 
abundance  of  plant  food,  especially  phos¬ 
phoric  acid  and  nitrogen.  The  plants 
must  not  be  set  in  the  field  later  than  the 
15th  of  June  north  of  New  York  City. 
make  the  soil  surface  fine,  but  do  not  re¬ 
plow  deeply.  Drill  to  wheat  with  a  disk 
drill.  After  wheat  harvest  break  the 
stubble  and  prepare  for  wheat  again, 
using  on  both  crops  300  pounds  of  an 
equal  mixture  of  cottonseed  meal  and  acid 
phosphate  per  acre.  After  harvesting 
this  crop  of  wheat,  break  the  stubble 
again  and  harrow  in  1.000  pounds  of 
slaked  lime  an  acre,  or  a  ton  of  ground 
limestone  and  sow  to  the  annual  Crimson 
clover  in  July  or  early  August,  sowing  15 
pounds  of  seed  an  acre.  You  can  improve 
the  land  faster  with  the  annual  clover 
than  with  Red  clover.  Then  during  the 
Winter  get  out  on  this  clover  a'll  the  ma¬ 
nure  made,  and  as  fast  as  made,  and 
spread  it  with  a  manure  spreader  Turn 
all  under  in  the  Spring  when  the  clover  is 
in  bloom,  and  plant  to  corn  again  and  re¬ 
peat  the  rotation  Down  here  with  our 
longer  season  I  would  sow  peas  between 
the  two  wheat  crops,  but  in  your  section 
the  wheat  comes  off  later,  and  there  will 
not  be  time  enough  to  get  a  good  growth 
of  peas.  But  always  get  them  in  the 
corn.  Stick  to  this  rotation  and  you 
will  find  the  land  improving.  Here  in 
our  light  soil  1  would  use  the  Winter 
oats  instead  of  wheat,  but  in  your  section 
tbe  Winter  oats  will  be  too  uncertain. 
Instead  of  the  second  crop  of  wheat 
you  might  sow  Whippoorwill  peas  after 
harvesting  the  first  crop,  and  cut  them 
I’m  hay  when  the  puds  turn  yellow,  and 
then  disk  the  stubble  and  sow  rye  thickly 
as  a  Winter  pasture  and  to  torn  for  corn 
after  Winter  manuring.  This  would 
make  simply  a  two-year  rotation,  or  you 
could  harvest  the  rye  and  then  sow  Criin- 
A  Virginia  Rotation 
I  have  three  fields  of  15,  15  and  22 
acres  each,  which  I  will  call  No.  1,  No.  2 
and  No.  3,  No.  2  is  a  poor  Sod  and  will 
be  put  in  corn  this  .Spring  with  all  the 
manure  we  have  time  to  get  on  to  it. 
Nos.  1  and  3  are  in  clover  and  Timothy 
killed  in  spots.  Now,  how  would  you 
handle  these  three  fields  for  a  series  of 
years  to  get  the  most  out  of  them?  They 
need  humus,  but  peas  and  clover  seed  are 
so  high  that  I  can  hardly  afford  to  buy  to 
any  great  extent.  How  would  you  handle 
them  to  use  rye  to  the  best  advantage? 
There  are  other  fields  on  the  farm,  hut  I 
want  to  get  hold  of  some  system  for  these 
three  first.  Corn  and  hay  for  feeding  on 
fitrm  are  our  most  desirable  crops.  The 
soil  is  a  clay  loam  underlaid  by  red  shale 
at  about  two  feet.  o  \v.  is. 
Sterling,  Ya. 
The  best  way  to  treat  that  land  will  be 
to  adopt  a  three-year  rotation  of  crops. 
Starting  with  the  field  in  corn  sow  an 
early  variety  of  cow  peas  in  the  corn  just 
a  dead  of  the  last  cultivation,  and  eulti- 
Turning  Under  Fye 
In  turning  in  crop  of  rye,  does  it  pay 
to  disk  and  chop  up  first?  s.  F. 
Swissvale,  I*a. 
It  depends  on  how  you  let  the  rye  grow 
before  you  turn  it  under.  If  the  land  is 
dry  chough  to  work  properly  with  a  disk, 
and  the  rye  is  not  over  18  inches  high,  we 
generally  chop  it  up  to  great  advantage 
by  driving  the  disk  over  in  preparation 
for  plowing.  This  disking  cuts  the  rye 
in  (lie  soil,  and  then  when  it  is  turned 
under  the  rye  is  thoroughly  mixed  all 
through  the  upper  soil,  and  is  in  much 
better  shape  to  decay  promptly  than  when 
the  rye  is  simply  turned  under  for  the 
cutting.  If  you  let  the  rye  stand  too  long, 
however,  you  cannot  do  as  good  a  job, 
as  the  tough  long  rye  will  not  tuck  under 
as  well.  It  is  largely  a  matter  then  of 
taking  the  rye  during  its  early  growth, 
and  doing  a  thorough  job. 
Plant  Protected  by  Tarred  Paper  Disk.  Fig.  262 
tarred  paper  put  around  the  stem  of  each 
plant  as  shown  at  Fig.  292.  These  paper 
disks  may  be  bought  from  various  seed 
dealers,  or  they  may  be  cut  at  home  with 
a  machine  such  as  is  shown  at  Fig  293. 
In  this  case  the  tarred  paper  is  spread 
out  over  a  solid  chunk  of  wood,  the  cutting 
disk  put  on  the  paper  and  driven  in.  Prob¬ 
ably  this  is  the  most  effective  remedy  to 
be  used  on  crops  of  the  cabbage  family. 
Good  results  are  also  obtained  by  using 
Too)  and  Device  for  Cutting  Disks.  Fig.  263 
what  is  known  as  the  carbolic  acid  emul¬ 
sion.  This  is  made  from  one  pound  of 
hard  soap  or  one  quart  of  soft  soap,  one 
gallon  of  boiling  water  and  a  pint  of 
crude  carbolic  acid.  The  soap  is  dis¬ 
solved  in  the  boiling  water  and  then  the 
acid  is  added  and  the  whole  thing  thor¬ 
oughly  churned  up  so  as  to  mix  complete¬ 
ly.  This  mixture  will  thicken  on  cooling 
and  when  used,  one  part  of  this  mixture  to 
30  times  this  bulk  of  water  will  make  the 
proper  application.  This  is  used  by  pour- 
THE  unseen  merit  in  a  tire  determines  its  mileage  value  tc 
you.  This  is  why  you  must  have  the  confidence  that  goe: 
with  the  Firestone  name.  Confidence  in  the  in-built  quality — the 
hidden  values  which  make  Firestone  Tires  deliver  Most  Miles  per  Dollar 
firestone  Tires 
Cutwormand  Severed  Cabbage  Plant.  Fig.  264 
ing  about  three  ounces  around  the  stem 
of  each  plant,  making  a  little  hole  or  de¬ 
pression  in  which  to  pour  the  liquid. 
Cutworms  also  give  a  great  deal  of 
trouble  in  some  seasons.  Dr.  Britton, 
who  writes  this  bulletin,  says  that  the 
cutworms  usually  food  on  grass,  but  in 
cultivated  fields  they  will  attack  the  cul¬ 
tivated  crop.  The  picture,  Fig  264. 
shows  the  effect  of  the  cutworm’s  work 
and  also  the  insect  ot  natural  size.  They 
feed  at  night  and  hide  in  the  ground  dur¬ 
ing  the  day.  The  most  effective  way  of 
getting  them  is  to  give  the  poison  bran 
mash  made  from  the  following  formula 
which  is  used  for  grasshoppers  in  Kansas. 
Bran  mash  one-half  bushel ;  Paris  green 
Red  Side  Wall — Black  Tread 
This  color  combination  (the  trade-mark 
of  Firestone  Tires)  is  another  reason  for 
your  confidence.  It  shows  that  all  the 
extra  refinements,  fine  looks  as  well  as 
service,  are  yours  with  Firestone  Tires. 
Your  safety,  economy  and  riding  comfort 
are  all  safeguarded  by  this  “Word  of 
Honor,”  Firestone  name,  which  gives  you 
the  assurance  of  personal  responsibility. 
Free  Offer — A  Firestone  Waterproof 
Tube  Bag  free,  if  you  will  send  us  your 
dealer’s  name,  and  the  make  of  your  tires. 
Ask  also  for  book,  “Care  and  Repair  of 
Tires,”  No.  18. 
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