©/><?  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
899 
Children  should  not  sloop  with  their  eld¬ 
ers  and  never  in  closed  rooms.  What¬ 
ever  the  exigencies  of  the  day,  outdoor 
air  is  always  possible  at  night  in  any 
room  with  windows,  and  no  child  should 
be  compelled  to  breathe  second-hand  air 
after  sundown. 
Older  children,  at  school,  are  neces¬ 
sarily  subjected  to  influences  beyond  con¬ 
trol  of  the  borne,  but  they  have  the  ad¬ 
vantage  that  they  can  better  understand 
the  need  of  overcoming  their  trouble,  and 
are  better  equipped  to  cooperate  in  the 
effort. 
Such  children  should  be  taught  that, 
with  all  the  outside  help  that  they  can 
receive,  their  cure  depends  upon  them¬ 
selves;  their  training  must  be  self  train- 
M’lien  I  first  commenced  keeping 
honey  bees,  at  about  25  years  of  age,  a 
bee  sting  anywhere  about  my  face  would 
shut  one  or  both  eyes.  I  was  once  stung 
on  the  hand  by  five  or  six  at  the  same 
time,  and  the  effect  was  so  serious  my 
friends  sent  for  the  doctor.  When  well 
towards  fiO  years  old  a  bee  sting  hurt 
me  very  little;  smarted,  but  scarcely 
swelled  at  all.  I  did  not  mind  a  sting. 
Talking  with  Mr.  Butts,  an  old  bee-keep¬ 
er.  he  said  it  was  exactly  the  same  case 
with  him.  ('nil  you  or  your  wise  men 
tell  me  why  this  thing  should  lie  so? 
Pennsylvania.  ,7.  w.  l\r.HAM. 
AVhen  one  commences  keeping  bees  the 
first  few  stings  may  or  may  not  cause 
swelling  and  some  discomfort;  lmt  such 
persons  will  find  that  the  effects  of  the 
stings  become  less  and  less.  The  momen¬ 
tary  pain  will  be  just  as  sharp  and  pierc¬ 
ing  as  ever  each  time.  It  sometimes  hap¬ 
pens  that  when  one  has  been  stung  quite 
a  number  of  times  the  immunity  to  the  ef¬ 
fects  of  the  swelling  comes  on  all  at  once. 
It  is  evident  that  Mr.  Tngham  acquired 
this  immunity  when  he  was  stung  so 
seriously  that  he  had  to  call  in  the  ser¬ 
vice  of  a  doctor.  It  is  seldom  that  cases 
of  this  kind  arise,  and  usually  one  will 
prefer  to  become  immune  more  grad¬ 
ually. 
Our  men  who  work  with  our  bees  get 
stung  a  good  many  times  in  the  course 
of  a  season  and  usually  in  about  a  month, 
if  it  is  in  the  ease  of  a  beginner,  there 
will  be  no  swelling  at  all.  They  think 
less  of  being  stung  than  they  do  of  be¬ 
ing  bitten  by  a  mosquito.  The  pain  is 
sharp,  but  they  forget  about  it  and  go 
on  with  their  work.  E.  B.  BOOT. 
Caring  for  the  Farm  Well 
Can  you  refer  me  to  any  bulletin  or  ar¬ 
ticle  which  discusses  the  treatment  of 
farm  wells  in  order  to  prevent  contam¬ 
ination  by  surface  water,  frogs  and  other 
burrowing  animals?  I  am  contemplating 
s'nkipg  a  sewer  tile  in  my  well.  The 
joints  can  he  cemented  and  made  water¬ 
tight  without  difficulty,  hut  I  am  puzzled 
just  how  to  treat,  the  intervening  space 
between  the  outside  of  the  tile  and  the 
face  of  the  present  stone  lining  of  the 
well,  which  is  not  pointed  out  smooth, 
I  do  not  want  to  leave  that  interval  which 
it  seems  to  me,  would  afford  channel  for 
surface  water  to  leach  in  and  follow 
down  the  outside  of  the  tile  and  mingle 
with  the  water  from  the  vein  at  the 
bottom  of  the  well.  T  planned  to  put  the 
hell  end  of  the  tile  uppermost,  and  this 
will  just  about  equal  the  present  diam¬ 
eter  and  there  is  no  chance  to  tamp 
around  the  body  of  tin*  tile.  The  soil 
is  clay  and  Jmrdpnn  down  to  the  vein. 
Should  a  course  of  gravel  or  sand  be 
put  in  the  bottom  of  the  well  on  which 
the  first  tile  would  rest?  j.  g.  g. 
New  York. 
“Water  Supply  Paper  No.  255.”  from 
the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  and  Bul- 
letin  57,  from  the  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agriculture,  both  to  he  obtained  from 
Washington,  D.  C.,  discuss  farm  water 
supplies  and  their  protection  from  con¬ 
tamination. 
To  protect  wells  from  surface  con¬ 
tamination.  the  most  important  feature  is 
a  tight  cover;  one  that  will  not  only  ex¬ 
clude  frogs,  snakes  and  other  small  ver¬ 
min.  but  one  that  will  also  prevent  the 
drip  from  the  pump  reentering  the  well. 
Where  this  drip  ran  enter  the  well 
through  cracks  in  a  board  platform,  it 
carries  with  it  filth  brought  to  that  plat¬ 
form  on  the  boots  of  men  and  the  feet 
of  animals  and  the  well  may  thus  be 
contaminated  from  distant  sources.  A 
tight  concrete  platform  is  the  best  well 
covering,  and  is  inexpensive.  The  well 
curbing  should  be  carried  sufficiently 
ing.  As  with  younger  children,  they 
should  he  taught  to  speak  slowly  and  to 
enunciate  clearly.  Reading  aloud  to  some 
member  of  the  family  for  a  short  time 
each  day  is  most  excellent  practice  for 
the  stammerer.  In  this  way  he  may 
train  his  tongue  to  pronounce  the  words 
in  daily  use,  and  to  attack  with  confi¬ 
dence  those  sounds  and  syllables  which 
trip  his  tongue  and  tend  to  repeat  them¬ 
selves  involuntarily.  Stammerers,  wheth¬ 
er  young  or  old,  should  be  made  to  un¬ 
derstand  that  a  cure  is  not  a  matter  of 
days  or  weeks,  but  of  months,  and  possi¬ 
bly  even  of  years,  of  patient  effort  noil 
watchful  care,  but  that  the  cure  is  worth 
the  effort  and  should  not  be  easily  given 
up.  M.  B.  D. 
high  above  ground  to  permit  the  surface 
to  slope  away  in  all  directions.  Sur¬ 
face  water  will  then  be  carried  away 
from,  and  not  toward,  the  well  mouth. 
As  further  protection,  the  outside  of  the 
Well  curbing  may  be  covered  with  Con¬ 
crete  to  a  depth  of  several  feet.  This 
will  prevent  the  entrance  of  small  bur¬ 
rowing  animals  that  might  otherwise  get 
through  a  loose  stone  curbing.  With 
these  simple  precautions,  there  would 
probably  be  little  gained  by  sinking  tiles 
to  the  water  vein;  if  they  are  used,  how¬ 
ever.  they  should  not  extend  through  the 
vein  or  water  supplying  stratum  into  im¬ 
pervious  clay  beneath,  as  this  would  cut 
off  the  water  supply  from  the  well. 
If  it  is  desired  to  fill  the  space  be¬ 
tween  the  tiles  and  the  curbing,  it  occurs 
to  me  that  this  might  be  done  by  pour¬ 
ing  in  a  concrete  mixture,  made  suffi¬ 
ciently  fluid  to  enter  the  narrow  space 
without  tamping.  It  would  probably  be 
best  to  use  coarse  gravel  for  a  few  feet 
at  the  bottom  of  this  space,  both  to  keep 
the  concrete  from  entering  the  water 
storage  chamber  and  to  insure  that  water 
veins  should  not  be  cut  off  by  the  con¬ 
crete.  As  conditions  vary  in  different 
wells  according  to  the  nature  of  the 
water  hearing  strata  reached,  definite  ad¬ 
vice  cannot  be  given.  The  movement  of 
water  Through  clay  is  very  slow  and  wells 
in  this  type  of  soil  should  usually  be  of 
sufficient  diameter  to  provide  ample  stor¬ 
age  space  at  the  bottom  of  the  well.  In 
some  cases,  however,  wells  penetrate  clay 
to  a  saturated  stratum  of  gravel  beneath 
and  there  find  freely  moving  water  ir 
abundant  supply.  M.  B.  D. 
Eradicating  Dandruff. 
Do  you  know  of  a  cure  for  dandruff? 
My  hair  is  oily  and  I  can’t  understand 
why  I  have  so  much  dandruff.  I  wash 
my  hair  every  week  or  two. 
New  York.  ji.  I.  w. 
This  is  an  individual  problem  and  the 
general  condition  of  the  scalp  has  close 
connection  with  the  general  health.  Any¬ 
thing  that  tones  up  the  whole  system  will 
have  a  beneficial  effect  on  the  condition 
of  hair  and  scalp.  If  yon  are  as  well 
as  usual,  this  may  not  apply  to  you.  But 
if  you  are  not.  taking  some  tonic  with 
which  yon  are  familiar,  or  better  yet, 
one  suggested  by  your  local  doctor,  may 
help  you  overcome  the  trouble  mentioned. 
I  am  sure  of  this,  as  I  have  observed  the 
prompt  action  several  times  in  my  own 
case.  The  fine  white  scales  result  from 
a  peeling  and  shedding  of  the  outer  cells 
of  the  scarf  skin,  and  to  a  certain  ex¬ 
tent  are  a  natural  process.  But  when 
the  scales  are  so  numerous  as  to  show 
in  the  hair,  it  indicates  a  diseased  con¬ 
dition  of  the  scalp. 
One  can  do  three  things  to  help,  keep 
the  hair  well  washed  and  brushed  and 
use  a  mildly  stimulating  lotion.  Per¬ 
sonally  I  find  it  helpful  to  use  an  ivory 
fine  comb  weekly  between  times  of  wash¬ 
ing  the  hair.  It  must  be  carefully  used 
so  as  not.  to  irritate  the  scalp  and  should 
be  washed  as  often  as  used.  As  a  lotion, 
to  be  used  daily  and  a  little  well  rubbed 
into  the  roots  of  the  hair,  a  five  per  cent 
solution  of  hydrate  of  chloral  may  be 
used  until  there  seems  no  disposition  of 
tlie  scales  to  return.  Or  the  following 
preparation:  Aromatic  spirits  of  am¬ 
monia,  two  parts,  glycerine,  one  part, 
rosemary  water,  17  parts.  E.  s.  K. 
Who  Owns  the  Church  Sheds  ? 
The  following  question  comes  from  the 
pastor  of  a  country  church.  It  is  hardly 
a  legal  question,  and  we  would  like  to 
pass  it  on  t<>  our  readers  for  discussion. 
Are  these  church  sheds  really  owned  by 
those  who  occupy  them?  In  some  cases 
there  may  be  deeds  given  for  the  ground 
on  which  the  shed  stands,  but  in  most 
cases  we  think  the  church  owns  the  real 
estate,  so  that  it  becomes  more  a  contract 
than  true  ownership,  llow  is  it  with  your 
church? 
Our  church  sheds  need  to  be  shingled 
and  repaired.  Tn  the  past  they  have  been 
owned  by  attendants  at  the  church  ser¬ 
vices.  For  several  years  a  number  of  the. 
owners  have  lived  in  different  towns  or 
States,  and  of  course  no  longer  belong 
here.  Some  arc  dead.  Those  living  here 
at  present  want  to  repair  their  sheds  but 
as  they  are  all  under  one  roof,  they  do 
not  want  to  do  so  unless  the  adjoining 
sheds  will  be  repaired  also,  for  if  one 
should  go  to  decay  it  would  injure  the 
others  next  to  it.  We  are  told  that  the 
deeds  to  some  are  recorded,  and  there  is 
no  record  of  the  remainder.  Can  you  tell 
me  what  course  to  pursue  to  get  the  re¬ 
pairing  accomplished  without  loss  to  our 
society?  Can  wo  repair  them  at  our  ex¬ 
pense  and  compel  the  non-resident  owners 
to  pay  cost  of  same,  or  else  relinquish 
their  claim,  or  how  can  we  do?  Can  heirs 
of  deceased  owners  put  in  a  claim  for 
their  sheds,  and  if  so,  can  we  deal  with 
them  the  same  as  the  others?  Must  we 
notify  them  of  proposed  repairs? 
Your  agent  had  a  hard  time  inducing 
me  to  subscribe  to  The  R.  N.-Y.  three 
years  ago.  but  he  would  now  have  a  much 
more  difficult  task  to  induce  me  to  give  it 
up.  j.  w.  u. 
New  York. 
HOPE  FARM  NOTES 
(Continued  from  page  S86.) 
all  that,  and  my  statement  is  based  on 
v  hat  we  consider  the  increased  value 
of  the  clover  and  rye  above  the  natural 
growth  of  weeds  and  grass.  In  a  w<  t 
season  like  this  one  if  we  had  a  full 
stand  of  this  clover  T  should  not  plow 
the  orchards  at  all.  Simply  cut  the  rye 
and  clover  and  pile  it  around  the  trees. 
As  it  is  I  expect  to  plow  later  and  re¬ 
seed  so  as  to  obtain  a  thicker  stand.  I 
believe  that  this  clover  is  quite  sure  to 
revolutionize  some  of  our  old  ideas  of 
handling  an  orchard  or  building  up  a 
farm. 
Methods. — I  am  not  prepared  to  tell 
how  yet.  We  are  just  working  along. 
I  seeded  Sweet  clover  with  oats  and  peas, 
and  it  has  made  a  fine  start.  We  shall 
also  use  it  with  buckwheat  about  June 
20.  Buckwheat  is  getting  to  be  a  popu¬ 
lar  crop  in  orchards  or  to  follow  straw¬ 
berries  and  if  Sweet  clover  will  “catch” 
with  it  we  shall  have  :i  great  combin¬ 
ation.  T  shall  also  seed  it  alone  after 
plowing  the  present  crop  under  and  fin¬ 
ing  and  liming  the  land.  Thus  far,  as 
you  see,  we  have  used  it  only  as  a  cover 
crop  In  the  corn.  T  should  say  this  is 
not  its  strongest  hold.  As  compared 
with  Alsiko  for  this  purpose  it  makes  a 
much  larger  growth.  Compared  with 
Crimson  clover  as  a  Cover  crop  it  is  very 
much  hardier  with  us  but.  does  not  make 
so  much  growth  either  in  Fall  or  early 
Spring.  From  its  behavior  thus  far  I 
believe  it  will  prove  very  useful  to  us, 
though  I  can  readily  see  how,  under 
some  conditions,  it  may  become  a  weed. 
In  our  culture  we  rather  like  a  weed. 
It  makes  humus!  tr.  w.  c. 
Frank  of  Peach  Hill 
(Continued  from  page  S90.) 
fast  ns  my  hens  were  ready,  which  was 
pretty  fast  now  in  the  early  part  of  May. 
I  made  a  tester  by  setting  a  lamp  inside 
a  box  with  a  hole  a  little  smaller  than 
the  eggs.  By  holding  the  eggs  up  to  the 
hole  I  could  see  into  them  and  sorr  out 
the  clear  ones,  after  the  first  week  or  so. 
I  used  these  clear  eggs  for  food,  and 
found  them  quite  as  good  as  some  of  the 
eggs  we  used  to  get.  in  the  city  at  the 
hoarding  houses.  I  would  put  all  the 
fertile  eggs  under  fewer  liens,  and  start 
the  others  over  again.  Tn  Ibis  way  I 
managed  to  average  about  10  chicks  per 
hen.  My  neighbors  were  willing  enough 
to  swap  setters  for  any  of  my  layers,  so 
Me  in  tin1  season,  and  so  I  contrived  to 
get  out  over  100  chickens  by  early  June 
from  the  250  eggs,  and  a  clucking,  fussy 
place  it  was  then  on  the  hilltop.  I  had 
them  under  a  cedar  brush  shelter  with 
hoard  and  wire,  at  the  sides,  and  tended 
them  twice  a  day,  but  as  fast  as  they 
hatched  I  moved  them  to  little  coops 
made  from  the  boxes  T  bought  at  the 
auction.  They  had  rather  fret  range  by 
day  among  my  potatoes,  corn,  beans  and 
clover.  By  the  way,  I  should  have  said 
before  that  my  five  or  six  acres  dressed 
with  slag  meal  were  sown  mostly  to 
clover,  but  later  I  found  time  to  put  in 
about  a  quarter  acre  of  Swede  turnips 
and  some  barley  and  Hungarian,  these 
making  a  rather  poor  Crop,  but  very 
handy  for  my  cow  and  horse,  while  there 
were  many  bushels  of  good  turnips  which 
I  sold.  The  cow,  horse  and  hens  had 
some  of  my  clover.  Some  of  it  was 
plowed  under  for  the  benefit,  of  the  trees 
and  the  crops  of  the  following  year.  The 
clover  made  fine  growth,  surprising  all 
who  saw  it,  taking  the  circumstances 
into  account.  The  clover  and  such  things 
were  all  that  saved  my  land  in  the  end. 
The  old  sod  was  so  thin  and  poor  that 
after  the  first  .season  there  was  nothing 
to  lighten  up  the  soil  and  crops  did  poor¬ 
ly  even  with  fertiliser  except  where  I  had 
clover  roots  or  something  to  turn  under. 
(To  be  continued.) 
Having  just  about  finished  my  10 
weeks’  trial  subscription  to  The  R.  N.-Y. 
I  will  say  that  I  have  enjoyed  reading  it 
very  much  and  wish  you  would  scud  it  to 
me  regularly  every  week.  I  enclose  here¬ 
with  a  money  order  for  )1  for  a  year’s 
subscription,  and  wish  to  congratulate 
you  on  publishing  such  i  fine  farm  paper. 
New  Hampshire.  Q.  a.  i.kavitt. 
Things  To  Think  About 
When  Bee  Stings  Stop  Hurting 
Digging  Bait  Always  Beats  Hoeing  Potatoes 
