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New  England  Notes 
Skims  Clean  at  Different  Speeds 
‘It’s  quite  a  relief  to  be  able  to  turn  my  New  Sharpies  Sepa¬ 
rator  slower  and  yet  feel  that  I  am  getting  all  the  cream . 
I  do  not  think  I  ever  had  a  man  who  would  turn  at  the  same 
speed  from  start  to  finish.”  That’s  what  Lewis  A.  Osborn, 
Litchfield,  Conn.,  writes  about  his  new  Sharpies  Suction-feed 
Separator.  And  he  is  right.  Whenever  the  speed  is  lowered, 
every  old-style  separator  will  lose  from  7  to  13  pounds  of 
butter  yearly  from  each  cow.  The  New  Sharpies,  however 
skims  equally  clean  at  high  or  low  speed.  The 
County  Agents  Talk  Marketing 
In  Worcester,  Mass.,  .Tune  23,  was 
held  the  first  general  gathering  of  the 
county  agents  of  the  State,  and  every 
county  was  represented.  They  had  met 
once  before  and  organized,  but  with 
nothing  like  this  complete  attendance. 
The  force  of  county  agents  and  special 
agents  has  been  increasing  month  by 
month,  as  new  counties  have  entered  the 
field.  The  object  is  partly  social.  The 
agents  get  acquainted  and  Keep  in  touch 
with  one  another’s  work,  compare  notes 
and  mutually  polish  off  ideas  and  plans. 
They  seem  to  be  mostly  young  or  young¬ 
ish  men  from  the  agricultural  colleges, 
with  various  kinds  and  amounts  of  direct 
farm  experience.  Their  average  age  ap¬ 
pears  to  be  nearer  30  than  40.  They  are 
quick  thinkers,  ready  talkers  and  quite 
at  home  in  discussing  either  experimental 
work  or  the  problems  of  the  actual  busi¬ 
ness  farming  of  the  counties. 
About  all  they  did  officially  was  to  ar¬ 
range  for  exhibits  at  the  National  Dairy 
show  next  Fall,  appointing  a  committee 
for  that  purpose  and  also  a  committee 
of  marketing.  On  the  last  named  sub¬ 
ject  there  was  discussion  under  leader¬ 
ship  of  Ag’l  Sec.  Wilfrid  Wheeler.  In 
Mr.  Wheeler's  opinion,  the  defeat  of  the 
State  markets  bill  recently,  might  be  no 
calamity,  because  a  more  thoroughgoing 
measure  is  needed.  The  speaker  favored 
a  National  department  of  marketing  with 
State,  county  and  town  orrauizat'on. 
“We  can  start  with  what  we  have  here, 
a  county  organization.”  Informat’on 
was  needed  on  markets,  production  and 
on  competitive  markets.  The  Wash¬ 
ington  reports  were  often  very  mislead¬ 
ing.  The  local  organizations  could  bet- 
|  ter  keep  in  touch  with  actual  conditions 
and  follow  them  up.  Those  interested  in 
one  crop  should  work  together.  The  plan  thi 
proposed  for  the  market  gardeners  is  a 
good  one;  deliver  the  goods  at  a  central  to 
packing  station  at  central  shipping 
points,  grade  and  pack  with  outside  ex-  Ag 
pert  help,  and  sell  the  goods  by  sample,  Bv< 
rather  than  to  ship  all  the  stuff  to  the  50 
big  markets,  Hooding  them  with  produce,  not 
graded  and  ungraded.  The  drawback  of  eoii 
nearby  shipments  is  that  too  much  low  "f 
grade  produce  is  included.  Buyers  pre-  cor 
for  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania  and  Cali-  mb 
fornia  asparagus  because  well  graded.  the 
One  of  the  most  important  steps,  ae-  commented 
cording  to  Mr.  Wheeler,  is  to  handle 
the  surplus.  The  State  department  Sec.  J. 
should  have  the  right  to  establish  grades,  gels  by  in 
not  only  for  apples,  but  for  potatoes,  “Inspection 
onions  and  eventually  for  all  crops,  take  of  scoring 
Growers  lose  interest  in  cooperation  ex-  his  milk, 
CCpt  as  driven  to  consider  some  remedy  son. 
when  prices  are  low.  It  must  he  a  per 
inanent  plan.  Standardization  is 
main  question,  including  standard  pack 
ages  and  grades.  In  the  Newton  _ 
market,  the  consumers  complained  that  Pi|bl 
every  farmer  had  a  different  notion  of  milk, 
grades.  It  seems  doubtful,  anyhow,  if  the 
producer  can  successfully  grade  and  mar¬ 
ket  his  own  produce.  There  should  be  a 
central,  cooperative  commission  house  to 
sell  the  goods  in  the  large,  cities.  A  lo¬ 
cal  warehouse  is  needed  in  every  com-  lard 
munity.  like  the  apple  warehouses  iu 
Maine,  also  capacity  for  cold  storage  in 
order  that  the  products  may  go  into  stor¬ 
age  quickly.  The  community  truck  is  milk 
a  good  tiling  to  market  neighborhood 
produce.  It  is 
asparagus  and  strawberry  growers  of  the 
(’on cord  district.  One  good  man  with  a 
truck  proved  cheaper  and  more  efficient  body 
than  individual  teams  with  drivers  who  .v.*l,u 
perhaps  could  not 
come  back  sober, 
dozen  trailers  will  be  a  further 
meat.  These  loads,  said  Mr.  Wheeler, 
are  sold  through  commission  men 
Newton  public  market;  is  still  being  car¬ 
ried  on  by  the  farmers  on  their  own 
book,  but  is  not  satisfactory  at  present. 
To  he  a  success,  a  public  market  must 
have  the  city  back  of  it  and  must  have 
supervision.  Perhaps  the  best  plan  will 
be  to  sell  only  to  the  retailers.  The 
flower  dealers  by  cooperation  reduced  the  Willard  of  Gre 
expense  of  selling  from  20  per  cent,  down  MacDougall  of 
to  eight  per  cent.,  besides  a  further  gain 
in  the  shape  of  dividends  on  the  stock, 
sometimes  as  high  as  15  per  cent.  It  is  < 
still  a  commission  business,  but  the  man¬ 
agement  and  profits  are  for  our  own  ben-  In  regard  to  th 
efit.”  some  years  ago  1 
Said  Chairman  L.  L.  Richardson  :  “We  farm  iu  Vermont  v 
must  find  out  how  to  sell  what  we  have  old-fashioned  cow 
and  we  must  have  enough  so  the  retailer  stone  silos,  each 
can  depend  on  it.”  all  below  the  level 
"Information  from  the  othor  sections  were  as  I  rememl 
would  help  establish  values.”  said  Mr.  side  with  cement. 
Wheeler.  “An  auction  market  supplied  right.  At  one  tin 
with  graded  goods  will  be  useful.  We  it  was  flavoring  tl 
must  have  reliable  grades  so  the  stuff  can  tage.  A  man  fr< 
be  sold  without  sampling  each  package.  Agricultural  Colli 
The  city  should  control  the  auction  s.vs-  trouble  in  the  but 
tem.  silage  as  very  goc 
To  question  about  the  new  apple  grad-  a  silo  above  the  g 
ing  law,  Sec.  Wheeler  replied :  “When  it  as  well, 
we  find  apples  packed  wrong  we  shall  Massachusetts. 
probably  write  the  packer  and  find  out 
"by  he  did  it,  and  follow  it  up  to  in¬ 
form  him  and  to  so.*  that  be  doesn't  d  >  it 
again.  We  do  not.  intend  to  prosecute 
at  first,  although  consumers  might  be 
insistent  and  then  we  should  have  to 
prosecute  in  such  cases.” 
"As  for  local  cold  storage, ’’  continued 
Mr.  Wheeler,  “1  understand  there  is  a 
company  that  will  put  up  storage  plants 
anywhere  if  guaranteed  apples  enough. 
They  will  keep  it  full  themselves  after 
the  gpple  season.  They  have  already  put 
up  two  storage  houses  in  Maine.  Local 
storage  is  a  great  help  to  quality  of  the 
product.  The  supply  ought  to  go  through 
as  few  hands  as  possible.  Individuals 
cannot  agree  on  grading  and  paeking. 
The  work  should  he  done  by  experts.” 
Special  Agent  Tompson  favored  the 
auction  system.  "The  average  cost 
would  be  about  five  per  cent.  They  are 
trying  to  start  one  in  Rhode  Island. 
Now.  they  have  a  public  market  with 
about  200  farmers  trying  to  sell  to  100 
buyers.  In  New  York,  I  have  seen  15 
carloads  disposed  of  in  a  few  minutes 
’00  buyers, 
es  and  not 
ps  there 
be  ostab- 
SHARPLES 
with  one  salesman  and  21 
There  must  be  uniform  grade 
ton  many  varieties.  In  some  cro 
is  no  standard,  but  one  may 
l  shed  through  organization  and  cooper¬ 
ation.  The  lettuce  growers  are  trying 
to  fix  a  lettuce  standard  of  eight  ounces, 
a  firm  head  and  clean.  A  general  auc¬ 
tion  system  for  produce  can  be  started 
and  the  details  worked  out.  Supply  and 
demand  govern  the  auction  system.  The 
auction  firms  sell  on  sample  and  guar- 
1  antee  the  goods  to  be  according  to  sam¬ 
ple.  It  is  possible  to  soil  by  sample,  pro¬ 
duce  stored  at  a  distance.  It  is  done  in 
a  limited  way  in  New  York.  Many  buy¬ 
ers  pay  cash,  others  carry  accounts. 
Much  stuff  is  paid  for  and  carried  off  at 
once.  The  auction  firm  guarant  »es  the 
sabs  and  the  producer  gets  his  check 
"  i tli in  24  hours.  Due  advantage  is  that 
the  grocer  cannot  hold  up  the  consumer. 
The  auction  prices  are  public  property 
and  reported  in  the  papers,  and  if  the  re¬ 
tailers’  prices  do  not  Correspond  reason¬ 
ably.  many  consumers  will  know  it. 
Roth  producer  and  consumer  may  know 
just  how  the  auction  market  stands.”  At 
s  point  a  committee  was  chosen  to 
ak  out  a  general  plan  on  marketing 
be  reported  at  a  future  meeting. 
Then  the  discussion  shifted  ro  milk, 
cut  Tupper  of  Plymouth  Co.  said  the 
ocklnn  producers  were  getting  40  to 
cents  per  Sl{,  quart  can  but  were 
t  satisfied.  They  were  thinking  of  a 
> pern ti vp  milk  station  hut  were  afraid 
distant  enmpetition.  "Educate  the 
lsumers  to  appreciate  nearby  milk,” 
riseil  several  speakers.  "Sometimes 
•  consumer  gets  stung  on  nearby  milk,” 
Make  the  inspec- 
do  (heir  duty."  replied  Ex.  Ag’l 
L.  Ellsworth.  “No  poor  milk 
Worcester.” 
has  often  made  the  mis- 
.  a  man’s  barn  instead  of 
observed  Pres.  L.  L.  Richard¬ 
son. 
"Pool  the  lodal  milk,”  urged  Sec’y 
the  Wheeler,  “and  let  it  he  peddled  by  soine- 
K  body  at  so  much  per  quart.  The  milk 
public  problem  is  to  he  met  by  acquainting  the 
c  with  the  value  of  certain  grades  of 
In  Philadelphia,  when  the  con¬ 
tractors  established  Grade  A.  they  were 
afraid  there  would  he  too  much  of  i.t,  but 
there  developed  a  demand  for  more  of 
Grade  A  than  could  he  supplied.” 
"Low  bacterial  count,”  said  Ag’t  Wil- 
of  Franklin  County,  “checks  up 
cleanliness  of  methods.  It  took  eight 
A  ears  to  educate  the  farmers  near  Rich¬ 
mond,  Vh„  to  make  enough  high  grade 
,  hut  now  the  city  has  one  of  the 
best  milk  supplies  of  any  large  corn- 
working  well  among  the  munity.  It  is  all  made  in  cheap  build¬ 
ings.  hut  the  methods  are  clean," 
It  was  now  time  to  adjourn,  and  some- 
rounded  off  the  talk  with  a  lirtle 
about  a  Pi  dish  onion  grower  in 
go  to  the  city  and  the  Gonnecticut  Valley  who  had  invest- 
A  truck  with  half  a  (,ci  his  surplus  in  a  high  grade  limousine 
improve*  automobile  type.  .  Next  morning  he  was 
"  seen  taking  his  wife  out  in  the  limousine 
“The  down  to  the  field  to  weed  onions.  “Well, 
that  shows  they  are  prosperous,  anyway,” 
retorted  a  county  agent  from  the  Valley 
section,  and  another  Valley  man  made 
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