1000 
l she  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
July  22,  191G. 
General  Farm  Topics 
Eradicating  Witch  Grass 
A  difficult  problem  which  many  farm¬ 
ers  in  the  Eastern  States  have  to  Contend 
with  is  the  eradication  of  the  pest  var¬ 
iously  known  as  witch,  quack  or  dog 
grass.  The  following  method  has  been 
used  by  the  writer  many  times,  and  has 
never  failed  to  subjugate  the  grass  com¬ 
pletely.  Plow  and  seed  to  rye  in  the 
Fall;  the  rye  may  be  cut  either  for  hay 
nr  mature  grain.  After  the  rye  is  taken 
off  the  land  should  be  harrowed  and  may 
be  planted  to  any  late  Summer  crop,  or 
seeded  to  grass;  the  important  point  is 
to  harrow  without  plowing.  The  accom- 
is  a  demand  for  a  dark  jelly  the  bag  may 
he  squeezed  to  extract  more  juice.  The 
juice  may  also  bo  filtered  through  clean 
sand  to  produce  a  clearer  article.  Then 
the  juice  is  returned  to  the  kettle  and 
brought  to  a  boil,  an  equal  amount  of 
sugar  by  weight  being  added  and  the  boil¬ 
ing  continued  a  short  time  until  a  small 
amount  taken  out  on  a  paddle  will  jell. 
The  juice  is  then  poured  into  glasses, 
left  until  cool  and  then  covered  with  par¬ 
affin  wax,  tops  put  on,  labeled  and  mar¬ 
keted. 
This  is  the  way  the  pure  fruit  and 
sugar  jelly  is  prepared,  but  most  of  the 
Crop  of  Rye  on  Witch-grass  Sod.  Fig.  386 
panying  illustration.  Fig.  330,  shows  a 
crop  of  rye  being  cut  for  hay  .Tune  20, 
1010.  on  a  piece  which  was  completely 
covered  with  witch  grass.  •"  The  above 
method  is  being  followed  and  it  is  now, 
June  25,  planted  to  silage  corn.  There 
is  no  sign  of  grass  on  the  field. 
Massachusetts.  ricuard  m.  sir  aw. 
Facts  About  Jelly  Making 
Each  year,  in  June,  we  net  about  $100 
from  an  acre  of  currants,  which  go  out 
in  32-quart  crates,  to  the.  commission 
bouses.  My  personal  opinion  is  that  we 
can  enlarge  our  profits  by  turning  this 
product  into  jelly  on  the  farm,  which  will 
also  relieve  us  of  the  necessity  of  being 
at  the  mercy  of  that  particular  market, 
should  it  happen  to  be  glutted. 
I  would  like  to  know  what  the  essen¬ 
tials  of  a  jelly-making  outfit  are.  how 
much  they  cost,  where  obtainable,  etc.  If 
you  know  of  anyone  who  has  had  a  simi¬ 
lar  experience,  t  should  like  to  get  their 
ideas  on  the  subject,  particularly  on  the 
marketing  end.  a  determining  factor 
which  so  few  farmers  give  the  right  at¬ 
tention  to.  9.  H. 
Delaware. 
It  seems  to  me.  that  $100  return  per 
acre  for  currants  is  rather  small,  pro¬ 
vided  the  currants  are  on  fertile  soil  and 
well  taken  care  of,  and  I  fully  concur  in 
the  opinion  that  the  profits  can  be  en¬ 
larged  by  turning  the  product  into  jelly 
on  the  farm,  provided  the  market  can  he 
found,  and  in  this  last  “provided"’  is  the 
key  to  the  entire  question. 
The  marketing  of  the  product  of  an 
entire  acre  of  currant  jelly  or  rather  the 
jelly  from  an  acre  of  currants,  is  a  big 
proposition.  A  good  yield  of  currants 
should  produce  8G0  dozeu  six-ounce 
glasses,  and  unless  one  lias  a  market  with 
some  wholesale  grocer  he  will  find  that 
his  marketing  proposition  is  quite  a  prob¬ 
lem.  The  jelly  business  of  the  country 
is  in  the  hands  of  about  a  dozen  large 
manufacturers,  and  it  is  hard  for  a  new 
firm  to  get  established.  The  best  way  to 
find  a  market  would  be  to  go  to  the  whole¬ 
sale  dealers  who  have  their  own  private 
labels  which  they  place  upon  the  arti¬ 
cles  they  buy  from  the  manufacturer,  and 
submit  samples  and  prices  of  the  jelly 
one  lias  for  sale  or  intends  to  make.  In 
this  way  a  larger  amount  can  be  mar¬ 
keter  than  can  under  one’s  own  private 
label. 
Machinery  for  making  pure  fruit  and 
sugar  jellies  is  not  expensive.  It  is  sim¬ 
ply  an  enlargement  of  the  kitchen  pre¬ 
serving  pan  and  flannel  bag  strainer.  On 
a  small  scale  a  copper  pan.  or  an  enam¬ 
eled  pan  can  he  used  on  a  cook  stove,  but 
on  a  large  scale  a  steam  jacketed  shallow 
kettle  is  used.  The  currants  are  boiled 
in  this  kettle  just  long  enough  to  break 
the  berries,  and  then  dumped  in  canton 
flannel  bags  and  allowed  to  drip  over 
night.  If  there  is  no  objection  to  or  there 
jelly  on  the  market  is  made  by  using 
about  half  as  much  apple  juice  as  cur¬ 
rant  juice.  This  requires  some  more  ma¬ 
chinery.  as  the  apples  have  to  be  boiled 
and  then  pressed  to  extract  the  juice.  I 
think  it  will  pay  any  fruit  farm  that 
grows  currants  to  secure  a  jelly  outfit 
and  make  some  jelly  each  year  just  for 
the  moral  effect  it  has  upon  the  minds  of 
the  buyers.  Drop  in  each  basket  of  cur¬ 
rants  sent  out  a  label  showing  that  you 
make  and  sell  currant  jelly  and  you  add 
a  half  cent  a  quart  to  the  price  your 
fresh  article  will  sell  for.  because  the 
buyer  gets  the  idea  that  you  do  not  care 
whether  he  buys  or  not,  as  you  can  keep 
your  currants  home,  turn  them  into  jelly 
and  sell  at  any  time  you  get  ready. 
C.  O.  WARI-'ORD. 
Trouble  With  Melons  and  Cucumbers 
I  planted  some  cucumbers  and  niusk- 
m ebons  in  my  garden  last  year,  and  they 
were  nicely  growing  and  full  of  cucum¬ 
bers  and  melons  when  they  commenced  to 
die  off,  not  all  at  once,  but  part  of  each 
hill  at  a  time  until  all  were  dead,  and 
they  were  a  complete  failure.  What  was 
the  matter,  and  is  there  any  remedy?  I 
could  not  see  any  insects  on  them- 
Sparkill,  N.  Y.  c.  L.  l). 
The  vines  were  probably  destroyed  by 
the  larvae  of  the  striped  cucumber  beetle. 
The  mature  insect  appears  early  in  the 
season  and  inflicts  considerable  damage 
on  the  leaves  of  the  young  plants.  When 
quite  numerous  and  allowed  to  work  on 
the  plants  unchecked,  they  will  deposit, 
their  eggs  for  a  more  numerous  new 
brood.  After  hatching  the  larva?  make 
their  way  into  the  soil  around  the  plants 
and  inflict  much  damage  to  the  roots  by 
boring  into  them.  It  is  difficult  to  con¬ 
trol  the  ravages  of  this  insect  after  they 
become  very  numerous,  but  every  effort 
should  be  made  to  destroy  as  many  as 
possible  of  the  mature  insects  that  first 
appear.  Paris  green  one  part  to  20  of 
flour  or  air-slaked  lime  dusted  over  the 
plants,  will  often  prove  quite  effective  in 
holding  them  in  check.  It  should  be  ap¬ 
plied  in  the  morning  when  the  dew  is  on. 
K. 
Goutweed  in  Lawn 
A  correspondent  in  Rockland  County, 
N.  Y.,  recently  sent  us  specimens  of  a 
coarse-growing  weed  that  was  causing 
trouble  iu  a  lawn,  lie  said  he  bad  had 
experience  with  live-forever,  but  this  un¬ 
known  plant  was  far  worse.  When  hoed 
out  every  scrap  of  root  would  grow,  and 
when  cut  down  with  a  hnvn  mower  it 
seemed  to  grow  over  night.  The.  plant 
was  new  to  us.  and  a  flowering  specimen 
was  sent  to  Dr.  N.  L,  Britton,  Director 
in  Chief  of  the  New  York  Botanic  Gar¬ 
den.  who  identified  it  as  goutweed.  Aego- 
podium  Podagraria,  a  native  of  Europe, 
which  has  become  a  weed  in  parts  of  the 
Eastern  States.  Paxton  says  that  it  is 
a  troublesome  weed ;  also  that  the  leaves 
smell  like  angelica,  and  may  be  eaten 
in  salads. 
The  Aogopodium  derives  its  botanical 
name  from  a  fancied  resemblance  of  the 
leaflets  to  a  goat’s  foot.  It  is  a  coarse, 
hardy  herbaceous  perennial,  having  com¬ 
pound  leaves  divided  into  leaflets  after  the 
style  of  ginseng  or  sarsparilla.  It  has  small 
white  flowers  in  umbels  like  wild  carrot, 
ami  is  a  member  of  the  TTmbollifene  or 
Parsley  family.  There  is  a  variegated 
variety,  having  the  leaves  margined  with 
white,  and  this  is  used  as  an  ornamental 
plant  in  shady  borders,  or  along  walls, 
where  it  makes  a  close  mat  of  foliage. 
Constant  shallow  cultivation  and  cut¬ 
ting  of  the  tops  from  the  beginning  of 
Spring  growth  suggest  themselves  as  con¬ 
trol  methods  for  this  weed.  In  a  lawn 
cultivating  is  of  course  impossible  unless 
it  is  to  be  reseeded,  but  patches  where 
the  weed  grows  thickly  would  need  re¬ 
seeding  in  any  case.  Cutting  late  in  the 
season  would  be  of  little  use;  the  idea  is 
to  cut  the  tops  from  their  start,  thus 
impelling  the  roots  to  new  efforts,  until 
this  constant  destruction  of  the  neces¬ 
sary  foliage  weakens  the  roots  to  ex¬ 
haustion.  We  have  not  received  any 
other  reports  of  trouble  with  goutweed, 
so  cannot  offer  the  actual  experience  of 
those  who  have  sought  to  control  it. 
You  Want  a  Vigorous 
Stand  of  Alfalfa 
SOIL  MUST  be  inoculated  to  get  a 
growth  of  alfalfa.  The  easy,  sure, 
economical  way  to  get  inoculation  is  to 
treat  the  seed  with 
A  dry  powder  containing  myriads  of 
hardy,  virulent  nitrogen-producing  bac¬ 
teria.  Simply  moisten  the  seed  and 
apply  the  Inoculator.  McQueen’s  is  the 
only  inoculator  which  produces  1,000  or  more 
nodules  to  the  plant.  Ask  for  literature  con¬ 
taining  proof.  Only  St  per  acc-sirc  packaza,  post¬ 
paid.  We  produce  Inoculator  for  alfalfa,  vetch, 
soy  beans,  and  sweet  clover. 
Order  iiozv  for  alfalfa  and  vetch 
McQueen  Bacteria  Co. 
Box  190 
Baltic,  Ohio 
YOUR  SEED  DEALER  RECOMMENDS 
30^  THE  STANDARD  INOCULATION^ 
Vaqmoged; 
He  knows  it  Means  Crop  Insurance  for  AUalla, 
Vetch,  Clover,  and  all  other  legumes.  Bigger 
and  other  crops  for  less  money  and  labor. 
Ask  him  about  it  or  wiitc  to  us.  Dept.  82  for 
“The  Legume  Grower"  Froo. 
EARPTHOMAS  FMIMOOF.RM  CO. 
nioownm).  v  i. 
Coming  Farmers’  Meetings 
Nassau  County  Farm  Bureau  Picnic, 
Miucida  Fair  Grounds,  Miucola,  N.  Y., 
July  22. 
Summer  meeting.  N.  Y.  State  Didry- 
mCn’s  Association,  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  July 
95 
New  Jersey  Stair  Poultry  Association, 
second  annual  Summer  field  meeting.  New 
Jersey  Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  July  28-20. 
International  Apple  Shippers’  Associa¬ 
tion,  New  York,  Aug.  2. 
New  England  Fair,  Worcester,  Mass., 
Sept.  4-7. 
Sixtv-seventh  Michigan  State  Fair, 
Detroit,  Sept.  4-13. 
Farmers’  Mutual  "Protective  Associa¬ 
tion,  Indian  Fields,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  5. 
Snlobury  Farmers’  Exhibit,  Deer  Park, 
Solebury.  Fa.,  Sept.  8-l.h 
Northern  Nut  Growers’  Association, 
seventh  annual  convention.  National 
Museum,  Washington,  I).  (’..  Sept.  S-0. 
New  York  State  Fair.  Syracuse,  N.  Y., 
Sept.  11-10. 
National  Dairy  Show,  Springfield, 
Mass.,  Oct.  12-21. 
Farmers’  National  Congress,  thirty- 
sixth  annual  session,  Indianapolis,  Iud., 
Get.  17-20. 
New  Hampshire  Horticultural  Society, 
Keene,  N.  II..  Get.  25-27. 
New  England  Fruit  Show  and  Ver¬ 
mont  State  Horticultural  Society,  joint 
meeting  City  Hall,  Montpelier.  N’t..  Nov. 
13-18. 
Paterson.  N.  J..  Poultry  Association, 
annual  show.  Paterson,  N,  J.,  Nov.  21- 
25;  Dr.  Gilbert  Johnson,  secretary- 
treasurer. 
Maine  State  Poultry  Show,  Portland. 
Dec.  12-15. 
Apples  op  Ohio. — Bulletin  No.  200  of 
the  Ohio  Experiment  Station  at  Woos¬ 
ter,  gives  n  very  good  discussion  of  the 
varieties  of  apples  grown  in  Ohio.  Sixty- 
nine  varieties,  from  Arkansas  to  York 
Imperial,  are  described,  and  many  of 
them  are  pictures.  It  is  a  plain,  concise 
statement  of  the  behavior  of  these  varie¬ 
ties,  and  their  adaptability  to  Ohio  con¬ 
ditions,  and  the  bulletin  ought  to  prove 
exceedingly  valuable  to  any  one  who  is 
interested  in  Ohio  fruit.  The  pictures 
are  not  printed  in  colors,  as  is  the  fact  in 
“The  Apples  of  New  York,”  but  good 
photo-engravings  are  made,  and  the  de¬ 
scriptions  of  fruit  are  accurate  and  well 
put.  Everyone  who  is  interested  iu  ap¬ 
ple  culture,  especially  through  the  Cen¬ 
tral  West,  should  have  this  bulletin. 
“For  the  Land’s  Sake,  use  Bowker’s 
Fertilizers;  they  enrich  the  earth  and 
those  who  till  it.” — A  dr. 
CORN  HARVESTER 
That  boats  them  all.  One  horse  outs  two  rows.  Oar- 
re  s  to  the  shock-  Worked  hy  J,  2  or  ft  men.  No  dan- 
C*'i\  No  twine.  Free  trial.  We  also  make  STUMP 
PULLERS  a.nl  TILE  DITCHERS.  Catalog  Free.  Agents 
W  anted.  H.  D.  BENNETT  &  CO.,  Westerville,  O. 
BINDER  TWINE  Farmer  agents  wanted. 
TIIKO.  BURT  &  SONS 
npie< 
Irose.  Ohio 
VEGETABLE  PLANTS 
By  Mall  Or  Express  Prepaid.  Lending  rnrielie*  fM  Kit  AfJK.  CKL- 
I  UV,  (Ml  l.l I  Ml »  l  l(.  I'M  \  I’S,  l.ai'fiv  <>r  -cninll  IoIk  hI  reason¬ 
able  |>rlci>K.  Unit  <•!;»*■*  plants  nuti  %nl‘i*  rlrllierj  pun  ran  troll. 
STRAWBERRY  PLANTS 
l'or  A 11 1* h lit  un*1  Fall  plan  ling.  Uumicr  ami  Pol ♦grown  plants 
flint  will  lieitr  friill  iigI  MtiiTMirr.  AIho  K  .4  St  *11 1*.  It  It  T*  HI..4FK- 
Kl.llllV  PI  iVISs  M.TIT  lltFIS.  II  UN  HI  I  MIL  TULLS, 
Ml  ItrRS.  (.'trftt/rjftHt*  f  rrr. 
Harry  L.  Squires,  Remsenburg,  N.  Y. 
GRIMM  ALFALFA 
OP. 00  Pore.  Also  ordinary  Alfalfa. 
O.  M.  Scott  &  Sons  Co.,  330  Mam  St.,  Marysville.  0. 
Celery  Plants  %lm~  Cabbage  Plants 
51  per  1. 000.  All  kinds  of  Enrli.  Nice,  sioeky  plants 
and  Plenty  of  thorn.  KUMANOE  SKEW  AND 
PLANT  I’AKM.C  BOGGS  &  SOM.  Cheswolil,  Delaware 
Cabbage,  Beets,  Celery  Plants  l1™*; 
jier  10.000.  Tomato  Plants— $1  .r>0  per  1.1)00.  Sweet 
Potato  and  Pepper  Plants— $1.. TO  per  1 .01111.  Cauli¬ 
flower  Plants— #2.80  per  1.000.  J.  C.  SCHMIDT, Bristol,  Pa . 
Late  Cabbage  Plants  f.ooWVoto  oWio 
or  over  85  ets.  per  1,000.  DAVID  RODWAY,  Partly,  Del. 
SWEET 
CLOVER 
Builds  Worn  Out  Soil.  Has 
higher  protein  conter.r.  than  alfalfa. 
Write  for  price**  ami  informalbia. 
E.  Barton,  Box  29,  Falmouth,  Ky. 
Sweet  Clover 
I’raftieaUy  Tm,-o.  White  nr  Yellow.  Scarified. 
0.31. Scott  &  Sous  Co. ,530  Main  St.,  Marysville,  O. 
ENSILAGE  CUTTERS 
and  Heavi-Duti  Engines 
SPECIAL  PRICE 
TO  QUICK  BUYERS 
$135 
for 
6  to8  H.P. 
ENGINE  ONLY 
6  to  8  H.  P.  ENGINE 
13  in.  Blower  cutter 
traveling  table  mount¬ 
ed  on  wheel*  $290 
MflNKY  TA  I  Y C  and  WC  ore  ffoins  to  Irt  it  (.,!!<  to  y. It]  in  the 
mvsiiLti  irtiaixaj  atrongetif.  tangling e  F'li’Wi)  •  Imv  price  on  the 
nitixt  powerful  engine  on  market.  Th«  itKA v  1-DUTl  engine  is 
jnvl  what  it»  name  hjipMe*,  #n  criulDe  tiqilt  for  beflVFt  hard,  con- 
UjMJ'Mju  work.  It  is  Mtmf/ur  it  i*  Mlrong;  »t  ih  xtimly.  11.  i»  tficenj 
pine  that  in  there  fur  .my  kind  of  oervitu.  m>  mutter  hvw  severe, 
ft  *t*rD»  when  ynn  wnnt  it  to  and  keep#  going-  until  tb.  work  m 
ihtr.o,  anti  the  orieit  |v  »  b'lit.  Owing  to  the  vmmjloio  number  we 
m*ll,  we  arc  tittle  tn  ©If nr  thttMc  engine*  nr  low  .*  price  a*',  you  can 
g»  t.  cheap  cnipnuR  for.  Wo  cannot  begin  m  thin  udvurt  hutment  to 
lull  yi*n  all  lun  ut.  them.  but  our  Cftt&ingui*  .11  d»*  it  and  It  in  free 
ami  wo  iiI.ho  will  make  a  special  proposition  to  one  man  many  local¬ 
ity  who  will  tell  us»  the  siie  of  his  farm  and  when  ho  ia  ready  for 
bf»  engine . 
R.  CONSOLIDATED  GASOLINE  ENGINE  CO. 
202  Fulton  Street  -  New  York  City 
Peach  Baskets 
and  Round  Wooden 
Peach  Covers 
Peach  Carriers 
With  6  Standard 
4  Qt.  Baskets 
(Shipped  Knock-Down) 
Write  for 
New 
Catalogue 
No.  31 
COLES  &  COMPANY 
115  Warren  St.,  New  York 
Established  ISS-t  Incorporated  1911 
