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Diagram  of  Still  for  Extracting  Flower  Oils 
THE  Fisk  reputation  for  Quality  is  the 
result  of  seventeen  years  of  honest,  pains¬ 
taking  manufacturing.  Car  owners  who 
have  been  buying  Fisk  Tires  during  all  that  time 
buy  them  today  because  they  have  learned  that 
they  can  depend  upon  Fisk  Quality,  year  in  and 
year  out.  They  have  learned  that  they  can’t 
buy  more  real  dollar-for-dollar  tire  value.  And 
this  year  they  are  getting  greater  mileage  re¬ 
turns  than  ever  before.  Considering,  too,  that 
Fisk  Tires  with  their  heavy  non-skid  traction 
tread  cost  less  than  the  plain  styles  of  several 
other  standard  makes ,  there  isn’t  greater  tire 
The  Best  Tire  Buy 
On  The  Market 
[As  there  have  been  a  number  of  re¬ 
quests  for  information  concerning  the  art 
of  distilling  essential  oils  we  reprint  an 
article  by  Dr.  F.  D.  Crane  printed  sev¬ 
eral  years  ago.] 
The  preparation  of  the  volatile  oils 
from  various  herbs  and  flowers  is  an  old 
domestic  art  now  nearly  fallen  into  dis¬ 
use.  When  each  large  farmhouse  made 
nearly  everything  it  used,  the  still-room 
though  of  minor  importance,  was  nearly 
as  common  as  the  weaving-room,  espe¬ 
cially  in  the  Southern  States.  But  in 
these  days  of  specialization  it  will  hardly 
pay  anyone  to  attempt  the  home  prepa¬ 
ration  of  perfume  materials  except  as  an 
amusement.  But  the  principles  in¬ 
volved  are  simple  and  the  practice  easy. 
The  fundamental  fact  is  that  a  stream 
of  steam  will  pick  up  aud  carry  along 
packed  with  the  flowers  or  cut  herbs,  but 
no  definite  rules  for  packing  can  be  given, 
as  each  case  varies.  The  condenser  flow 
may  .be  from  one  pail  to  another,  and 
need  not  be  very  fast.  After  the  steam 
has  been  flowing  awhile  additional  heat, 
as  from  a  small  lamp,  should  be  put  un¬ 
der  the  herb  can,  yet  care  must  be  taken 
that  some  water  stays  in  it,  since  other¬ 
wise  bits  of  herb  will  scorch  and  spoil 
the  flavor  of  the  whole  yield.  It  is  well 
to  put  a  bit  of  weighted  wire  netting  on 
the  top  of  the  herbs  in  the  can.  to  pre¬ 
vent  the  steam  blowing  bits  over. 
The  process  is  over  and  the  charge  ex¬ 
hausted  when  oily  drops  or  a  milky  flow 
cease  aud  the  condensed  water  runs  clear. 
The  condensate  will  slowly  clear,  and  the 
water  may  be  again  used  in  the  steam 
jlXDistiUed 
value  on  the  market  today. 
Fisk  Service 
Quickly  Available 
with  it  certain  of  the  oily  bodies,  "essen¬ 
tial  oils,”  found  in  plants,  and  will  de¬ 
posit  most  of  its  burden  when  cooled  to 
water.  This  fact  is  illustrated  by  the 
spreading  through  a  room  of  the  odor  of 
onions,  for  instance,  while  they  are  be¬ 
ing  boiled.  But  not  all  oils  are  picked 
up,  and  not  all  that  is  taken  is  again  re¬ 
covered,  partly  because  the  steam  splits 
some  of  the  more  delicate  compounds  into 
simpler  bodies  which  have  slight  odor, 
and  partly  because  a  part  of  the  "oil”  is 
soluble  in  the  condensed  water  and  can 
by  no  means  be  got  out.  No  essential  oil 
is  one  thing ;  from  some  a  dozen  or  more 
bodies  have  been  isolated,  and  no  pro¬ 
cess  known  will  take  out  all  those  bodies 
unchanged  and  in  the  proportions  in 
whieh  they  are  present  in  the  plant  tis¬ 
sues.  Furthermore,  changes  produced 
by  the  heat  of  the  steam  are  often  so 
fundamental  that  the  resulting  oils  are 
of  little  value,  distilled  oil  of  lemon  peel, 
for  instance,  is  almost  useless. 
However,  many  herbs  and  some  flowers 
will  give  interesting  results,  for  we  need 
only  have  a  source  of  steam,  a  can  for 
the  herhs  and  a  condenser.  For  the 
steam  a  clean  five-gallon  oil  can  will  do. 
The  can  for  the  herbs  will  give  more 
trouble;  it  should  be  of  at  least  five  gal¬ 
lons  capacity,  and  should  have  a  remov¬ 
able  top  which  carries  the  inleading  aud 
outgoing  tubes,  and  is  large  enough  to 
permit  the  exhausted  herb  to  be  easily 
taken  out,  and  this  top  must  screw  or 
clamp  down  tight  so  the  steam  will  all 
out  through  the  condenser.  There 
should  also  be  a  false  bottom  of  Coarse 
wire  not.  partly  to  have  the  steam  better 
distributed  and  partly  to  permit  the  use 
of  another  source  of  heat  to  prevent  too 
much  water  collecting,  since  this  can 
tends  to  act  as  a  condenser  and  gradu¬ 
ally  fill  with  water. 
Lead,  or  better,  a  pure  tin  tube  may  be 
used  to  carry  the  steam  from  the  boiler 
to  the  bottom  of  the  herb  can  and  from 
the  latter  to  the  condenser.  This  may 
be  tbe  ancient  device  of  a  metal  coil  in  a 
pail  or  tub,  but  far  better  results  will 
be  obtained  if  a  glass  condenser  of  the 
Allihn  type  with  a  few  feet  of  rubber 
tube  can  be  secured  from  a  chemical  sup¬ 
ply  house.  But  do  not  get  the  straight 
Liebig  type,  'as  the  steam  will  blow 
through  unless  you  run  too  slow  for  re¬ 
sults.  By  all  means  avoid  the  glass  coil 
condenser ;  it  is  cheap,  but  does  not  work 
well  unless  you  know  exactly  bow  to 
use  it. 
Tbe  steam  can.  with  a  vertical  tube 
to  act  as  a  safety  valve  aud  give  warning 
when  the  water  is  low,  should  be  nearly 
filled  with  water  to  begin,  and  tbe  herb 
can,  with  the  intending  tube  reaching  be¬ 
low  the  false  bottom,  may  be  pretty  well 
can  on  the  same  sort  of  flower  or  herb, 
thus  preserving  some  of  the  most  valu¬ 
able  constituents. 
An  important  point  for  anyone  who 
wishes  to  try  this  is  to  send  to  the  Inter¬ 
nal  Revenue  Office  for  that  district  for  a 
blank,  on  which  to  register  the  still,  and 
return  the  blank  properly  filled  out. 
There  is  no  charge,  but  without  this  pre¬ 
caution  an  evil-minded  person  could 
cause  trouble,  as  the  law  is  automatic 
and  the  penalty  falls  upon  the  property 
where  the  still  is  as  well  as  tbe  person. 
And,  by  all  means,  do  not  distill  any  alco¬ 
hol  or  alcoholic  liquid,  unless  you  regis¬ 
ter  tlie  still  for  this,  which  is  rather  ex¬ 
pensive.  If  there  is  plenty  of  winter- 
green.  or  sweet  birch  about,  or  if  there 
is  luud  adapted  to  growing  mint,  home 
distillation  may  pay,  but  aside  from 
these  it  will  be  merely  a  pleasant  amuse¬ 
ment.  Many  herbs  are  available,  but 
few  flowers,  except  rose,  give  more  tbau 
traces  of  oil.  f.  d.  crane. 
To  Kill  Dandelions 
I  notice  that  you  are  trying  to  locate 
some  diseased  “live-forever.”  That  is 
one  pest  that  does  not  bother  us  out  here, 
but  we  do  need  something  that  will  era¬ 
dicate  dandelions  from  Blue  grass  lawns. 
Is  there  such  a  thing  as  a  dandelion  dis¬ 
ease  too?  If  you  can  put  us  "next”  to 
some  such  a  cure  for  the  pesky  yellow- 
flowered  things  you  would  be  doing  a 
great,  favor  to  thousands  of  people  out 
here  who  like  to  have  pretty  lawns, 
which  would  be  easy  except  for  this  one 
weed.  Through  the  efforts  of  a  woman’s 
club  near  here  the  children  dug  15  tons 
of  them,  but  even  at  that  it  is  hard  to 
see  where  auy  are  missing. 
Nebraska.  ~j.  n.  tubrs. 
There  is  no  hope  of  eradicating  dande¬ 
lions  from  lawns  by  means  of  any  disease 
now  known.  The  best  method  of  treat¬ 
ment  for  dandelions  is  that  of  spraying 
with  a  solution  of  iron  sulphate.  Dis¬ 
solve  one  and  one-half  pounds  of  iron 
sulphate  in  one  gallon  of  water  and  ap¬ 
ply  the  solution  in  the  form  of  a  fine  | 
spray.  Some  kind  (if  spray-pump  must 
be  used.  It  will  not  do  to  use  a  sprink¬ 
ling  pot.  The  first  spraying  should  be 
made  just  before  the  blooming  period  in 
Spring.  Four  or  five  additional  spray¬ 
ings  should  be  made  at  intervals  of  two 
to  five  weeks,  according  to  the  rapidity 
of  growth  of  the  dandelions.  This  treat¬ 
ment.  properly  applied,  will  kill  the  dan-  I 
delions  in  a  single  season  without  injur¬ 
ing  the  grass;  but  they  will  gradually 
come  iu  again,  making  it  necessary  to  re¬ 
peat  the  treatment  every  second  or  third 
season.  The  principal  disadvantages  of  | 
the  treatment  are;  (1)  Kills  White  clo¬ 
ver;  and  (2)  the  lawn  is  black  and  un¬ 
sightly  for  a  few  days  after  each  spray¬ 
ing.  F.  O.  STEWART, 
New  York  Exp.  Station.  Botanist. 
More  than  35,000  Fisk  dealers  and  125  Direct  Fisk 
Branches  make  Fisk  Service  quickly  available.  Through 
your  own  dealer  you  are  sure  of  the  promptest  attention 
of  the  Fisk  Branch  in  your  immediate  vicinity.  If  you 
are  handy  to  that  branch,  make  it  a  point  to  call  there 
yourself — it  doesn’t  matter  whether  you  use  Fisk  Tires 
or  not,  you  are  welcome  to  Fisk  FREE  Service.  Dis¬ 
mounting,  inspection,  inflation,  assembling,  mounting 
extras,  inspecting  wheels  for  alignment,  advice  on  the 
care  of  your  tires,  and  so  on,  all  FREE.  No  charge  to 
any  tire  user  except  for  actual  repairs  and  supplies — 
in  any  Fisk  Branch.  No  other  Tire  Service  Policy  is  so 
liberal  or  complete.  No  other  Branch  System  is  so  ex¬ 
tensive,  or  so  handy  wherever  you  may  live. 
Complete  list  of  branches  on  request.  Send  for  price  list 
or  call  on  nearest  branch.  Partial  list  below. 
The  Fisk  Rubber  Company 
Tcade  Wait  Uog.  U.  S.  Pat.  08. 
Time  to  Re-tire? 
(Buy  Fisk) 
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Chicopee  Falls,  Mass. 
Fisk  Dealers  Everywhere  — Fisk  Service 
Branches  in  New  York,  Broadway  A;  55th  St. — 
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ton  St. — Elmira,  101  W.  Church  St. — Syracuse, 
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Euclid  Ave.  More  than  125  Branches  cover  the 
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F 
Steam  Cart 
Extracting  Flower  Oils 
For  Pleasure  or  a  Small  Business 
