■Uhti  RURAL.  NEW-YORKER 
1075 
Notes  from  Department  of  Foods  and 
Markets 
204  Franklin  St.,  New  York  City 
DRESSED  POULTRY. 
50  lbs.  dressed  poultry  . $0.28 
126  lbs.  dressed  poultry . 27 
54  lbs.  dressed  poultry  . .  . . . 25 
108  lbs.  dressed  poultry  . 21 
The  Department  sold  fancy  State  and  nearby  white 
hennery  eggs  at  40c  per  dozen  and  through  our  persist¬ 
ent  efforts  we  induced  publishers  of  price  currents  to 
quote  these  sales.  Under  ordinary  conditions  if  the 
market  suddenly  advanced  under  a  short  supply,  it 
was  the  inevitable  rule  not  to  disturb  the  quotations 
but  wait  until  the  prices  fell  under  the  more  liberal  sup¬ 
ply.  Shippers  of  eggs,  generally,  got  the  advantage  of 
our  work  even  when  they  sent  their  goods  to  houses 
other  than  this  Department.  However,  some  of  the  eggs 
arriving,  even  from  nearby  points,  showed  more  or  less 
heat  and  shrinkage,  and  these  sold  at  from  35e  to  38c, 
while  badly  shrunkeu  white  eggs  went  lower.  The  best 
brown  eggs  sold  as  high  as  35c  but  mixed  and  careless¬ 
ly  bandied  lots  went  as  low  as  25e.  Farmers  should 
send  their  eggs  to  market  at  least  every  second  day  as 
some  of  the  lots  we  received  this  week  showed  evidence 
of  being  held  until  they  were  stale  and  showed  a  heavy 
loss  when  candled,  some  being  seized  by  the  inspectors 
and  dumped. 
New  apples  are  increasing  in  supply  but  there  is  a 
good  demand  for  fancy  large,  hand-picked  fruit,  high- 
grade  red  selling  up  to  $1.75  to  $2  per  bushel  basket, 
but  only  Delaware  and  Jersey  Williams  Red  are  good 
enough  to  bring  the  higher  price.  Red  Astraclians  sold 
generally  at  u  range  of  75e  to  $1.50  per  bushel  basket 
while  Sweet  and  Sour  Bough  brought  from  35c  to 
$1.50  per  bushel  basket,  some  lots  in  barrels  from 
Tivoli  and  other  up-river  points  sold  at  $3.00  to  $3.25 
on  Sour  and  $2.50  to  $3.00  on  Sweet  Bough,  per  bar¬ 
rel.  Yellow  Transparent,  when  very  handsome,  free 
from  bruises  and  of  uniform  color,  brought  $2  per 
basket. 
On  fancy  Elberta  peaches  the  market  advanced 
to  $4  on  Thursday  for  select  kinds.  Others  sold  any¬ 
where  $1.50  to  $3  per  carrier;  bushel  hampers  brought 
from  $3.50  down  to  $2  as  to  quality,  but  some,  soft  and 
over-ripe  sold  for  less.  The  peaches  coming  from  Vir¬ 
ginia,  Western  Maryland  and  Delaware  arc  largely 
Carman  variety ;  sales  ranging  from  $1.50  to  $3  per 
carrier,  while  10-qt.  baskets  sold  from  50c  to  $1.25. 
Jersey  windfalls  showed  up  largely  in  the  receipts  and 
sold  anywhere  from  50c  to  75c  per  basket,  and  large, 
hand-picked  fruit  brought  from  $1  to  $1.25. 
The  wholesale  potato  market  has  ranged  at  $2  to 
$2.25  per  barrel  oil  fancy  graded  stock,  but  many  were 
dug  in  rainy  weather  and  these  had  to  be  sold  promptly 
at  from  $1.75  to  $2  with  some  going  as  low  as  $1.65. 
Jersey  potatoes  are  not  good  enough  for  the  best  class 
of  trade,  which  prefers  more  mature  southern  stock. 
Very  few  from  Long  Island  are  eomiug  closely  enough 
graded  to  exceed  $2.25  per  barrel. 
Buffalo  peas  in  bushel  hampers  sold  at  from  $1.50 
to  $1.75  and  advanced  to  $2  at  the  close,  while  peas 
from  other  sections  of  the  State  brought  $1.50  to  $1.75 
in  bushel  baskets  and  from  $1.25  to  $1.75  in  bags. 
Celery  is  in  good  demand  for  large,  well  bleached,  with 
sales  up  to  75c  per  dozen  roots;  green  and  hollow  as 
low  as  15c  to  25c  per  dozen. 
Cauliflower  is  arriving  sparingly  from  the  Catskills 
and  selling  at  from  $3.50  to  $4  per  barrel  for  fancy 
stock.  Cucumbers  from  Jersey  selling  at  from  $1  to 
$1.25  per  basket  and  Jersey  pickles  brought  $2.50  to 
$4  per  barrel.  Orange  County  onions  selling  at  from 
$1.25  to  $1.50  per  basket  on  red  and  $1.50  on  white; 
fancy  small  white  $1.75  to  $2  per  basket. 
The  Bartlett  pear  crop  of  the  State  will  be  appar¬ 
ently  less  than  50  per  cent,  of  normal.  Fancy  graded 
Bartletts  in  barrels  will  probably  bring  from  $6  and 
up  per  barrel  on  this  market.  There  will  be  consider¬ 
able  demand  for  Bartletts  by  the  dinners.  One  large 
dinner  is  now  offering  2  Vic  per  pound  for  Bartletts, 
graded  214-inch  and  up,  f.o.b,  loading  station,  the  pur¬ 
chaser  to  furnish  the  crates.  The  grape  crop  will  be 
about  40  per  cent,  of  normal  and  prices  will  rule  from 
$50  to  $55  per  ton  f.o.b.  loading  station. 
Summary  of  sales  of  miscellaneous  farm  products 
during  the  week  ending  August  3rd,  1916: 
EGGS. 
7 
cases  . 
case  . 
.  ,39 
*>8 
15 
cases  . 
.  37 
35 
cases  . 
.  36 
17 
cases  . 
.  35 
9 
cases  . 
.  34 
28 
cases  . 
. 33 
20 %  eases 
23  ‘ 
cases  . 
30 
3 
cases  . 
.20 
1 
case  . 
•  •  •  •  • 
.  .28 
7 
eases  . 
27 
10 
eases  . 
.  .26 
2 
cases  . 
•  •  •  •  • 
.  .25 
1 
case  . 
24 
1 
case  . 
!  '.23 
200 14  cases. 
1  case  duck  eggs . 29 
%  case  duck  eggs . 28 
1  case  duck  eggs . 20 
214  cases. 
BUTTER. 
348  lbs. 
VEGETABLES. 
25  baskets  peas  . 
6  baskets  peas  . - . 
5  baskets  peas  . . . 
16  baskets  peas  . 
23  baskets  peas  . 
1  basket  peas  . 
10  baskets  peas  . 
7  baskets  peas  . .' . 
5  bags  peas  . 
4  baskets  peas  . . . 
30  baskets  peas  . 
15  baskets  peas  . 
15  baskets  peas . 
4  bags  peas  . 
1  bag  peas  . 
6  bags  peas  . 
3  bags  peas  . 
20  baskets  peas  . 
27  baskets  peas  . 
1  basket  onions  . 
9  baskets  onions  . 
5  baskets  onions  . 
1  basket  peppers  . 
2  baskets  peppers  . 
14  bunches  celery  . 
30  bunches  celery  . 
2  bunches  celery  . . 
55  bunches  celery  . 
11  baskets  carrots  . 
1  bag  beans  . 
7  bags  beans  . . 
7  bags  beaus  . *..... 
2  baskets  beans  . 
6  baskets  Lima  beaus  . 
1  bag  beans.  112  lbs.,  lb . 
54  baskets  onions  . 
5  crates  tomatoes  . 
28  crates  tomatoes  . 
18  crates  tomatoes  . 
10  crates  tomatoes  . 
14  crates  tomatoes  . 
1  bag  corn  . 
38  bags  corn  . 
1  bbl.  cabbage  . 
15  bbls.  potatoes  . 
12  bbls.  potatoes  . 
6  bbls.  potatoes  . 
5  bbls.  potatoes  . 
3  bbls.  potatoes  . 
1  bbls.  potatoes  . . . . . 
12  bags  potatoes  . 
PRESSED  CALVES. 
1  dressed  calf,  121  lbs . 
1  dressed  calf,  113  lbs . . 
1  dressed  calf,  124  lbs . 
1  dressed  calf,  124  lbs.  . 
$1.50 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
].12V2 
L12i4 
1.12% 
1.12 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
.85 
.ID 
.75 
1.75 
1.65 
1.25 
1.35 
1.25 
.65 
.60 
.60 
.50 
.90 
1.65 
1.50 
1.35 
1.25 
1.50 
.08 
1.40 
1.00 
.65 
.70 
.65 
.65 
1.75 
1.50 
.50 
2-37% 
2.25 
o 
2.12% 
2.00 
1.37 
1.25 
$0.18% 
12 
1  liver 
4S2  lbs. 
32  qts. 
224  qts. 
32  qts. 
288  qts. 
160  qts. 
60  qts. 
120  qts. 
60S  qts. 
948  qts. 
64  qts. 
32  qts. 
64  qts. 
64  qts. 
FRUITS. 
cherries  . 
cherries  . 
cherries  . 
raspberries 
raspberries 
raspberries 
raspberries 
blackberries  . 
gooseberries  . 
currants  . 
currants  . 
128  qts. 
2  crates  currants  . 
2  crates  currants  . 
6  bbls.  apples  . 
2  bbls.  apples  . 
3  bbls.  apples  . * . 
3  bbls.  apples  . . 
6  bbls.  apples  . 
1  bbl.  apples  . . 
9  bbls.  apples  . 
8  bbls.  apples  . 
2  bbls.  apples  . 
40  bbls. 
10  baskets  apples  . 
2  baskets  apples  . 
1  basket  apples  . 
40  baskets  apples  . 
2  baskets  apples  . 
2  baskets  apples  . 
4  baskets  apples  . 
15  baskets  apples  . 
4  baskets  apples  . 
16  baskets  apples  . 
96  baskets. 
2  crates  melons 
2  crates  melons 
1  crate  melons 
.50 
$0.14 
.12 
.10 
.07 
.04 
.03 
.06 
.05 
.08 
.04 
.03% 
1.25 
1.00 
3.00 
2.75 
2  50 
2.25 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
1.50 
1.25 
1.50 
.90 
.85 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.65 
.65 
.60 
.55 
1.75 
1.50 
.75 
5  crates. 
30  lbs. 
161  lbs. 
51  lbs. 
838  lbs. 
269  lbs. 
1012  lbs. 
269  lbs. 
209  lbs. 
37  lbs. 
654  lbs. 
POULTRY. 
broilers  . 
broilers  . 
broilers  . 
broilers  . 
broilers  . 
broilers  . . .  . . 
broilers  . . 
broilers  . 
fowl  . 
fowl  . 
$0. 
24 
26 
25 
24 
23 
°2 
21 
20% 
S’4 
3500  lbs. 
40  lbs.  ducks  . 16 
17  lbs.  old  cocks  . 11% 
50  lbs.  old  cocks  . 14 
20  lbs. 
491  lbs. 
82  lbs. 
593  lbs. 
$0.26%  C7  lbs. 
.25 
24  MISCELLANEOUS. 
4  cases  peach  and  apple  butter,  per  case . $1.40 
13  48-qt.  crates  sour  cherries,  per  crate .  6.00 
The  Federal  Farm  Loans  Bill 
Maryland  Farmers  and  Loans 
[T'-;g  ig  the  flr9t  of  a  smog  of  articles,  or  opinions,  on  the  future  of 
the  farm  loan  law  which  has  been  outlined  In  The  R.  N.-Y.  We  ex¬ 
pect  to  have  reports  from  various  parts  of  the  country,  so  that  wo 
may  all  know  the  views  of  real  farmers  regarding  this  legislation. 
The  first  report  comes  from  Eastern  Maryland  as  follows.] 
Regarding  the  new  Federal  Farm  Loans  Bill,  I  have 
bad  the  opportunity  of  meeting  the  representative  farm¬ 
ers  of  three  counties  at  a  Pomona  Grange  meeting.  I 
discussed  the  matter  with  them  individually,  and  also 
brought  it  lip  during  the  afternoon  program.  I  was 
surprised  at  the  amount  of  interest  shown,  there  being 
a  very  free  discussion  of  the  question.  A  very  gen¬ 
eral  lack  of  knowledge  regarding  the  provisions  of  the 
bill  handicapped  us  in  forming  a  definite  opinion  of 
the  value  of  the  measure  to  farmers  in  this  section. 
The  attitude  of  the  great  majority  was  conservative ; 
the  opinion  was  freely  expressed  that  the  measure 
would  probably  prove  more  helpful  to  the  South  and 
West  than  to  this  immediate  section,  since  numerous 
savings  institutions,  many  of  them  controlled  by  local 
residents,  have  evidently  been  giving  satisfactory  ser¬ 
vice.  It  may  be  that  the  lack  of  enthusiasm  for  the 
measure  in  this  section  is  due  to  ignorance  of  its  value, 
and' to  that  traditional  conservatism  toward  new  agen¬ 
cies  that  is  characteristic  of  the  farmer.  “Is  it  a  gold 
brick,  or  is  it  the  genuine  article  in  a  rural  credit  sys¬ 
tem?”  puts  their  frame  of  mind  exactly.  I  am  re¬ 
minded  of  an  old  gentlemau  of  my  acquaintance  who  like 
the  rest  of  us  wore  the  old-fashioned  shirt  that  you 
had  to  put  on  by  slipping  it  over  your  bead.  One  day 
as  you  may  recall  the  “coat  shirt”  made  its  appearance, 
and  has  gradually  pushed  the  old  style  shirt  off  the 
counter.  Just  the  same  my  old  friend  has  clung  to  the 
old  style  shirt,  lie  bought  that  kiud  as  long  as  they 
could  be  obtained,  and  now  that  he  can  no  longer  get 
them,  he  has  his  wife  sew  his  new  shirts  up  so  he  has 
to  put  them  on  over  his  head.  Is  that  what  is  ailing 
our  farmers  in  this  section,  or  is  their  prejudice  against 
the  new  form  of  rural  credits  founded  on  a  more  prac¬ 
tical  basis? 
The  availability  of  loans  through  this  new  system 
will  hinge  upon  a  number  of  things.  To  what  extent 
will  our  farmers  have  to  depend  upon  their  own  ini¬ 
tiative  in  forming  these  local  associations?  What  will 
be  the  financial  requirements  for  the  individual  joining 
such  an  association?  Will  there  be  a  campaign  insti¬ 
tuted  to  familiarize  the  farmer  with  the  benefits  of  such 
an  association?  The  principle  of  cooperation  is  in¬ 
volved,  which  in  theory  is  excellent,  but  which  in  prac¬ 
tice  does  not  always  meet  with  success.  Whether  or 
not  our  farmers  will  avail  themselves  of  this  source  of 
credit  depends  a  great  deal  on  how  much  practical  co¬ 
operation  is  involved.  Are  they  ready  for  it  today?  I 
doubt  it  very  much.  I  think  they  will  be  slow  to  take 
hold  of  any  new  form  of  financial  machinery  if  they  are 
getting  even  moderate  satisfaction  out  of  the  old.  The 
principle  gain  would  be  obtained  through  a  lower  rate 
of  interest  involving  amortization.  The  question  is, 
how  much  trouble  will  it  be  to  the  local  farmer  or 
group  of  farmers  to  organize  such  an  association  and 
put  the  necessary  machinery  in  motion?  Two  other 
factors  affect  the  situation  in  this  section.  First,  we 
do  not  have  in  this  State  a  satisfactory  system  of  land 
title  registration ;  secondly,  it  will  be  necessary,  as  I 
understand  it,  for  us  to  get  a  bill  through  the  next 
Legislature  making  possible  the  establishing  of  such, 
farmers’  loan  associations,  the  present  arrangement  be¬ 
ing  poorly  adapted  to  this  purpose. 
Another  factor  that  enters  iuto  the  proposition  is  the 
attitude  which  the  local  banks  and  savings  institutions 
will  take.  In  many  of  our  communities  the  men  who 
control  these  financial  agencies  also  Control  the  action 
of  the  farming  people  in  their  neighborhood.  I  beliete 
from  wbat  I  can  gather  that  they  would  obstruct  any 
attempts  to  put  such  local  organizations  on  a  sound 
basis,  unless  promoted  by  agents  of  the  new  system  it¬ 
self.  The  provision  in  the  bill  which,  as  I  understand 
it,  permits  the  local  bank  to  become  the  agency  of  the 
new  system,  in  default  of  the  organization  of  a  local 
loan  association,  certainly  provides  every  incentive  to 
the  local  bank  to  discourage  the  organization  of  local 
association.  The  fact  that  the  class  of  men  who  will 
respond  most  eagerly  to  this  new  source  of  financial 
help  will  in  many  cases  be  men  whose  standing  is  not 
of  the  highest  in  their  communities,  will  tend  to  help 
the  local  bank  in  maintaining  a  conservative  attitude 
toward  the  new  system  among  its  present  patrons. 
Frankly,  I  question  whether  farmers  in  this  section 
will  avail  themselves  very  freely  of  the  provisions  of 
the  Federal  Farm  Loans  Bill  unless  an  active  campaign 
for  the  purpose  of  informing  them  of  its  benefits  is 
carried  on.  This  campaign  will  of  course  involve  edu¬ 
cating  them  in  forming  such  local  organizations  and  in 
putting  its  machinery  into  operation.  I  believe  a  thor¬ 
ough  exposition  of  the  provisions  of  the  bill  in  your 
columns  would  be  well  worth  while.  If  it  will  furnish 
the  relief  it  promises  the  system  ought  to  be  invaluable. 
If  it  is  not  going  to  meet  our  requirements  we  want 
to  know  it.  I  do  not  know  of  a  measure  (if  it  has  in 
it  the  merit  it  should  have)  that  deserves  more  publi¬ 
city  and  support  by  the  farmers’  organizations  and  agri¬ 
cultural  extension  forces  of  the  State.  We  propose 
to  discuss  it  in  every  local  Grange  in  this  section  dur¬ 
ing  the  next  three  months,  when  there  will  bo  given 
a  summary  of  conclusions  as  a  part  of  the  program  of 
the  Pomona  Grange,  to  be  published  later  in  our  State 
Grange  paper,  copies  of  which  will  he  sent  into  every 
influential  farming  section  of  the  State.  Iu  Grange 
matters  we  need  more  constructive  action  if  we  are  to 
develop  and  hold  our  membership.  u.  b. 
