1138 
E7><?  RURAL  NEW-YORKEK 
August  20,  191G. 
Live  Stock  and  IMirjr*  : 
Drawbacks  With  Sheep 
In  my  former  talks  everything  said 
was  favorable  towards  mutton  and  wool 
growing,  but  as  there  are  drawbacks  in 
every  Hue  of  endeavor,  there  are  some  in 
this  one  also.  Since  sheep  are  so  gentle 
they  are  liable  to  be  neglected,  but  while 
they  do  not  demand  arduous  care  they 
must  have  attention. 
The  object  of  every  animal  is  to  con¬ 
sume  food  for  growth.  The  welfare  and 
health  of  all  animals  depend  almost  en¬ 
tirely  ou  their  feed.  A  well-nourishe  1 
animal  organization  can  resist  every  ail¬ 
ment  except  contagious  oues,  and  some¬ 
times  has  power  to  overcome  them,  but 
a  weak,  discouraged  sheep  lets  go  and 
dies.  If  it  can  get  all  it  wants  of  suit¬ 
able  feed  it  will  do  its  duty  toward  its 
owner  and  itself,  but  if  not  it  is  impos¬ 
sible  This  is  true  of  every  animal,  but 
peculiarly  so  of  sheep.  If  a  hog  is  on 
short  rations  it  will  make  trouble,  if  it 
can,  but  the  gentle  sheep  gets  discouraged 
and  gives  up.  This  is  one  of  the  first 
counties  in  the  country  for  sheep,  hut 
I  saw  about  100  in  a  field  to-day  that 
made  me  sick.  The  farm  is  a  good  one 
and  the  steers,  horses  and  hogs  all  were 
happy,  but  the  variegated  bunch  of  sheep 
in  a  poor  pasture  field  wore  coarse,  fiue, 
old,  young,  trimmed  and  untrimmed, 
hearty  and  broken-hearted.  They  had 
been  s1  Hided  together  last  Winter  in  too 
small  bounds  the  weak  crowded  from 
the  racks,  and  now  about  one-half  are 
“tail-ends,”  following  the  others  aimless¬ 
ly  and  gleaning  a  little  rejected  pasture. 
Stomach  and  lung  worms,  nodules  on  the 
intestines,  ‘'paper  skin”  and  broken  hearts 
have  begun  to  move  them  from  this  world 
of  sorrow. 
Every  animal's  feet  should  stand 
directly  under  where  the  legs  leave  the 
Indy,  its  head  should  be  up,  its  hack 
straight  or  swayed  down  with  a  full 
belly  and  its  eyes  alert.  Feed  gives 
these  symptoms.  The  above  shows  that 
well-eared-for  animals  are  practically 
imnirne  from  s-wious  ailments,  but  that 
does  not  mean  that  they  can  he  neglected. 
We  can  illustrate  by  our  own,  which  we 
notice  often,  hut.  visit  onee  or  twice  a 
week  with  salt,  lime  and  a  bottle  of  dip 
solatium  On  going  over  them,  nearly 
300,  the  last  time,  we  found  one  wander¬ 
ing  aimlessly  as  if  it  lmd  lost  its  mind. 
A  fly  had  laid  an  egg  in  its  nostril  in 
the  past,  and  there  was  something  giv¬ 
ing  it  trouble  in  its  head.  We  put  dip 
up  its  nose,  in  its  month  and  over  its 
head  and  neck,  to  keep  fiies  away,  put 
it  hv  itself  and  expect  it  to  get  past. 
Another  was  tied  with  a  baling  wire 
fastened  to  its  hind  foot  by  some  town 
boy.  and  it  was  freed.  A  few  were  lame 
from  wet  grass,  and  they  got  lime  be¬ 
tween  their  toes,  A  lamb  had  knocked 
his  little  horn  off,  and  he  had  lime  on  to 
dry  it  and  his  head  soaked  with  dip  to 
keep  the  flies  off.  Each  of  these  troubles 
might  have  fouud  their  own  euro,  but 
I  doubt  it,  and  it.  at  least  saved  some 
pain  and  a  few  pounds  of  mutton. 
Then  there  are  ailments  which  are 
serious  but  not  very  liable.  Either  scab 
or  foot-rot  will  take  the  spirit  out  of  a 
sheep,  regardless  of  its  feed  and  care,  but 
they  come  only  by  contact.  The  first 
c.-.n  be  got  from  a  car  scabby  sheep  have 
been  shipped  in.  because  the  itch  insects 
infest  it,  and  that  means  the  sheep  must 
be  soaked  in  a  solution  of  one  of  the 
commercial  dips  to  kill  the  insects,  and 
again  in  about  two  weeks  to  get  the 
progeny  of  their  eggs.  Foot-rot,  which 
is  different  from  "scab”  referred  to 
above,  will  put  the  whole  flock  on  the 
limp  unless  taken  care  of.  This  is  a 
germ  disease,  and  comes  from  virus  drop¬ 
ped  out  of  the  feet  of  a  stranger  victim 
and  picked  up  by  a  sound  sheep.  It 
nea”:;  that  you  must  clean  out  every 
sheep's  foot,  cut  away  all  hoof  that  hides 
the  sore,  and  apply  a  paste  of  blue 
vitriol,  a  little  nitric  acid  and  red  lead 
to  singe  all  the  germs  and  dry  the  sore 
they  made  in  their  virulent  multiplica¬ 
tion. 
An  objection  against  sheep  where  they 
are  sparse,  is  the  market.  Here  we  have 
regular  buyers  for  wool  and  animals  any¬ 
time  they  are  ready,  or  we  can  ship  them 
ourselves  to  commission  men  who  are  re¬ 
liable.  but  anything  as  good  as  wool  and 
mutton  need  not  go  begging  for  a  market 
anywhere.  They  are  easily  found,  as  for 
any  farm  product,  and  the  auction  sales 
of  the  growers  of  Otsego  and  Delaware 
counties.  N.  Y..  brought  them  as  much 
as  we  got  here.  * 
Then  there  are  dogs.  That  is  the  worst 
scare,  but  they  are  only  an  incident,  and 
not  so  serious  as  losses  from  any  of  the 
other  animals.  When  a  man  has  sheep, 
and  is  interested  in  them  as  he  should 
he,  he  will  devise  means  to  lower  the  dog 
census  and  likewise  protect  his  sheep.  A 
dog  is  easier  to  head  off  than  the  spar¬ 
rows  that  wallow  in  filthy  hog  cholera 
and  then  visit,  us,  or  the  germs  of  tuber¬ 
culosis  that  float  about  us.  If  one  looks 
up  the  terrors  about  him  he  can  find 
worse  troubles  than  sheep  dogs. 
There  is  no  drawback  about  the  in¬ 
dustry  so  serious  as  the  conditions  which 
call  out.  “The  National  Dairy  Council 
has  sounded  a  call  to  arms.”  “Milk  as 
ordinarily  marketed  is  unfit  for  human 
food,”  “The  high  school  and  college  offer 
the  only  salvation  for  New  York  farm¬ 
ers.”  Shades  of  Abraham  Lincoln  and 
Horace  Greeley!  All  a  man  needs  to  make 
a  success  with  sheep  is  common  sense. 
Tie  does  not  need  to  know  how  to  read, 
and  ns  the  care  of  sheep  makes  men 
gentle  and  kind,  with  their  complement 
of  bravery,  we  would  smile  to  see  of¬ 
ficials,  or  anyone,  offer  the  trcatineut 
given  to  dairymen,  the  treatment  they 
must  take. 
“College  or  high  school”  for  success  in 
any  farm  endeavor!  It  makes  me  tired. 
If  tin-  swarm  of  advisors  who  are  trying 
to  increase  their  ranks  would  turn  their 
efforts  to  educate  the  few  hands  left  in 
dexterity,  and  would  take  hold  and  make 
half  hands  themselves  to  prevent  loss  of 
what  we  have,  they  might  do  some  good. 
Our  experience  with  graduates  is  that 
they  want  to  stand  around  and  tell  how, 
and  the  standing  around  is  all  they  are 
good  for.  We  had  one  this  harvest,  a 
“physical  director,”  if  you  please,  one 
who  gets  .$125  a  month  for  teaching 
“athletes”  and  he  “petered”  in  the  hay- 
field  and  was  fanned  by  country  boys  but 
two-thirds  his  size,  who  could  not  define 
the  word  “physical,”  and  who  smoke 
cigarettes. 
The  principal  reason  for  all  the 
troubles  about  the  farm  is  the  conspiracy 
to  draw  the  boys  away.  I  am  fortunate 
in  saving  my  one  .and  be  is  fortunate 
also,  for  he  can  live  strictly  according 
to  the  Golden  Rule,  if  he  wants  to,  and 
be  his  own  boss,  but  it  behooves  the  land 
owner  to  arrange  his  plans  so  he  will  not 
miss  the  many  deserters,  and  there  is 
nothing  that  will  help  him  like  sheep. 
We  intend  to  have  more  of  them. 
Ohio.  W.  W.  REYNOLDS. 
Manufacture  of  Cream  Cheese 
Will  you  give  me  a  recipe  for  making 
American  or  cream  cheese?  J.  H.  T. 
Hagerstown,  Md, 
There  are  two  methods  of  making 
cream  cheese.  The  first  is  to  make  a 
Neufchatel  curd  as  follows:  To  30  lbs. 
of  whole  milk  which  has  been  pasteurized, 
by  boating  to  165  F.  for  10  minutes  and 
cooled  to  75  degrees  F..  add  a  tcaspoouful 
of  sour  milk  starter  and  10  or  12  drops 
of  rennet  extract  diluted  in  half  a  cup  of 
cold  Avater.  Stir  these  with  the  milk, 
and  set  at  room  temperature  until  a 
smooth,  fine  curd  is  formed.  This  will 
take  IS  to  24  hours.  The  curd  is  then 
poured  into  a  cheesecloth  sack  to  drain. 
A  box  frame  should  he  made  with  14 ■ 
inch  mesh  galvanized  wive  nailed  on  the 
bottom  of  it.  Tbe  bag  of  curd  is  placed 
in  this  frame  and  light  pressure  applied 
to  get  the  curd  reasonably  dry.  Salt  at 
rate  of  114  lbs.  of  salt  to  100  lbs.  of  curd. 
Work  the  salt  in  with  the  hands.  To 
make  this  cheese  richer  add  about  1  lb. 
of  40  per  cent,  cream  to  5  lbs.  of  curd  and 
work  it  in  with  the  hands. 
Another  method  is  to  start  out  with  a 
10  per  cent,  cream  and  proceed  as  de¬ 
scribed  for  making  the  Neufchatel  curd. 
The  first  method  is  most  commonly  used 
and  is  the  least,  wasteful.  The  Avhole 
milk  curd  in  itself  makes  an  excellent 
cheese.  Good  clean  milk  and  utensils  are 
prime  essentials  in  making  this  cheese. 
H.  F.  j. 
flhorn'oon  flnmic- T*10  beef  breed  for  the  East. 
Hoeroeen  MllgUSArdson  harm,  Arrnouk, N.Y. 
7:  HOLSTEINS  7: 
EXPOSITION 
SALE  of 
Pure  Bred 
Holsteins 
ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 
Industrial  and  Agricul¬ 
tural  Exposition  Sale 
will  be  at 
Exposition  Park 
September  8th 
Selections  from  some  of  the 
best  herds  of  the  State 
Fresh  Cows  and 
Early  Springers 
All  animals  of  breeding  age  are 
bred  to  freshen  between  August  1st, 
1916  and  December  1st.  Just  right 
to  buy  now.  All  animals  in  sale  on 
exhibition  through  entire  week  of 
Exposition. 
Liverpool  Sale  &  Pedigree  Co.,  Inc. 
Sale  Managers 
LIVERPOOL,  N.  Y. 
uni  CT Cl UC  Breed  up,  not  down.  Cheap  bulls 
nULO  I  Llllu  ;ire  the  most  expensive.  We  offer 
registered  sons  of  a  35.01  lb.  sire.  A-  K.  0.  dams,  at 
jiiT).  easy  payments.  Farmers  can’t  afford  to  use 
si-rubs  at  these  prices.  Send  for  pedigrees. 
CLOVERDALE  FARM,  CHARLOTTE,  N. 
Holstein-Friesian  Bull  Calves 
Offer.  THE  GATES  HOMESTEAD  FARM.  Chitlenanoe.  N.  V. 
Lambs  at  Lunch 
JERSEYS 
M  eridale 
Jerseys 
A  choice  lot  of  breeding  bulls,  ready  for 
service  in  the  fall,  are  offered  from  the 
Meridale  herd  at  attractive  prices  d urine 
the  summer  months.  They  are  sired  by 
bulls  of  wide  reputation,  and  out  of  Reg¬ 
ister  of  Merit  dams.  The  blood  lines  back 
of  them  are  described  in  "Meridale  Jer¬ 
seys,"  a  copy  of  which  will  gladly  be 
mailed  on  request. 
ayek  Si  McKinney 
300  Chestnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Penna. 
On  Account  of  the  Destruction  of  My  Cow  Barn 
and  lack  of  accommodation.  I  WILL  SELL  THIRTY  HEAD 
HIGH  QUALITY  Registered  Jersey  Lows,  all  tested 
yearly  for  Tuberculosis.  Prices  low.  Also  heifers 
and  calves.  Write  or  come  and  see  them.  CHARLES 
G.  FOSTER,  P.  0.  Box  173,  Morristown.  Morris  Co.,  N.  J. 
FAIRVIEW  FARM 
Sophie’s  Tormentor  Jerseys 
'*  Production  our  Watchword." 
We  have  just  received  from  tbe  press  our  SPRING. 
1916,  BULL  LIST.  It  will  pay  you  to  send  for  it. 
RAYMOND  L.  PIKE,  Mgr. 
Geneva  t-:  Ohio 
JERSEY  CATTLE  FOR  PROFIT 
Bull  calves,  $25  and  up:  heifers.  $50  and  up.  All 
registered.  R.  F.|SIIANNON,  Renshaw  Bldn..  Pitfslnirnh,  Pa. 
GUERNSEYS 
For  Sale— GUERNSEY  BULL  if,?; 
ol«l.  Prices  rensoimblo.  JOHN  W.  COOPER.  Pinevillc.  Pa. 
GUERNSEY  BULL,^ 
old,  by  Tifuigwator  Dictator  15008.  Great  breeding: 
great  bargain.  SUNNYSIOE  STOCK  FARM,  Risoels vitle.  Pa. 
HIGH-CLASS  Guernsey  Bull  Calves  SALE 
All  out,  of  very  large  milkers  with  A.  R.  records,  or 
t  ow  on  lest,.  Ace:-,  three  to  i'ourtnouthg  obi.  Price, 
$75  to $125.  according  to  brooding,  I’odicrees  und  de¬ 
scription  on  request.  ARDMORE  FARM.  P.0.  Glen  Spey,  N.Y. 
IMPROVE  YOUR  HERD 
Registered  nuernsey  bull  calves,  l'rneticnl,  healthy  iu- 
dn  (duals.  Welt  bred  mul  out  of  good  producing  tuber 
culln  tested  cows,  fanners’  prices,  Wi  tte* for  jwu-i leulars. 
Morell  Smith,  Bupt.,  Mnnhnsset,  Lone  Inland,  N.Y. 
QUALITY  with  QUANTITY 
5000  cows  average  in  yearly  test  over  8800 
pounds  of  milk  testing  nbout  5 fat. 
Write  for  our  FREE  booklets. 
Ant. Guernsey  Cattle  Club.Box R.Peterboro.N.H. 
HOLSTEINS 
JOHANNA  VON  HARLINGEN  DE  KOL  NO.  103957 
A.  R.  O.  RECORDS 
7  days  732.9  lb.  milk  30  days  2946.6  lb.  milk 
7  “  27.63  “butter  30  “  110.38  "  butter 
FOR  SALE 
BULLS,  sired  by 
King  J  oh  anna 
Segis  Faync, 
68592,  whose  dam  is  Johanna  Von  Harlingen  De 
Kol.  He  has  28  A,  R.  O.  daughters.  Bulls  out  of 
A.  R.  O.  cows.  Write  for  prices  and  pedigrees. 
KINGWOOD  FARM 
R-  P.  3 _ MENTOR.  OHIO 
Grade  Holsteins  for  Sale 
9  (Iff  extra  minty,  well  bred  and  nicely  marked  cows. 
*-uu  A  ip u inner  are  recently  fresh  ami  others  due  to 
frer.hen  within  OU  days.  They  are  heavy  producers 
and  will  please  you.  ITIco  &7S  to  ®I25  per  head, 
Iflfl  IdTgc.  woll  bred  two  and  three  year  old  heifers 
too  brt,(1  to  good  registered  II.  If.  bulls.  Price  SM55 
to  *75  per  bead.  Two  fine  well  bred  belter  calves 
and  one.  pure  bred  Holstein  bull  calf  for 
F.  P,  SAUNDERS  &  SON  Spriitutlale  Farms,  Cortland,  N.Y. 
East  River  Grade  Holsteins  For  Sale 
150  Extra  high  grade  Holsteins,  cows  due  to 
freshen  in  Aug..  Sept,  and  Oet.  All  in 
calf  to  Reg.  bulls. 
30  fresh  cows  that  fill  tile  pail. 
Registered  cow*  in  calf  to  Cornucopia  Kora- 
dyke  Pontiac,  n  33  lb,  bull. 
10  Registered  bulls,  to  days  to  11  mouths  old. 
80  heifer  Calves,  to  days  old,  extra  good. 
JOHN  n.  WtnsTER, 
Oeol.  V,  Cortland,  N.  Y.  Bell  Phone  14.  F.  5- 
SpotFarmHoIsteins,$15 
Holstein  heifer  calves,  SIS 
each,  express  paid  in  lots  of  5. 
88  high-grade  Cows,  due  to 
freshen  Aug.,  Sept.  35  high- 
grade  yearlings  and  two-year- 
olds.  25  registered  holfors,  l 
to  2  yen  re  old.  15  registered 
heifer  calves,  r>  months  old. 
Registered  bulls  all  ages. 
JOHN  C.  REACAN,Tutlv,.N.Y. 
