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SEE  THE  S  TV  DEB  A  KER  DEA  LER 
September  9,  1916. 
1182 
of  developin';  and  harnessing  power. *  At 
the  Lyndnnville  school  the  power  and 
light  are  obtained  from  a  plant  located  at 
a  small  river  where  a  dam  has  been 
erected,  and  so  that  the  water  is  har¬ 
nessed  to  do  the  work  of  an  army  of 
horses.  There  are  thousands  of  other 
streams  just  like  this  one  now  tumbling 
lazily  down  the  hills,  singing  through  the 
farms,  dancing  away  to  the  ocean — happy 
drones,  when  they  might  easily  be  still 
happier  workers.  There  is  hardly  a 
farmhouse  or  farm  community  in  North¬ 
ern  Vermont  out  of  reach  of  one  of  these 
streams.  The  boys  at  this  school  will 
learn  how  to  harness  these  streams  and 
how  to  turn  their  force  into  light  and 
heat  and  mechanical  power.  What  may 
follow  from  this  alone  is  almost,  beyond 
our  present  comprehension.  Vermont 
must  import  its  coal,  and  pays  a  fearful 
tax  to  the  railroads  and  the  mines-for 
heat  and  power.  Vet  it  probably  has  a 
more  complete  and  widely  distributed 
water  power  than  any  other  State  east' 
public  of  the  Rocky  Mountains.  When  this 
State  in  power  is  harnessed  and  made  to  serve 
form-  home s  and  form-  villages  these  hills 
will  be  the  best  and  most  hopeful  places 
on  earth  for  those  who  love  farm  life. 
These  are  hut  a  few  of  the  great  prob¬ 
lems  which  this  farm  school  will  con¬ 
sider.  Anything  that  will  make  the  Ver¬ 
mont  farm  a  better  place  and  the  Ver¬ 
mont  farmer  a  better  citizen,  I  think 
this  school  will  go.  A  little  later  I 
„  would  like  to  tell  in  more  detail  how  it. 
came  to  be  and  how  it  is  organized.  The 
head  of  the  Board  of  Managers  is  E.  S. 
Brigham. 
A  Profitabi-E  Farm. — Brigham  is 
Commissioner  of  Agriculture  for  Ver¬ 
mont.  A  good  many  of  these  officials 
never  really  committed  any  agriculture 
worth  talking  about,  but  Brigham  is  a 
farmer.  Ilis  farm  at  St.  Albans  is  one 
of  the  best  in  Vermont.  There  are  thou¬ 
sands  of  other  farms  in  the  State  just  as 
well  located  and  with  just  as  good  soil, 
but  they  have  been  worked  with  horses  or 
oxen.  Science  and  sense  have  not  always 
been  yoked  together  and  trained  to  pull 
evenly.  Some  years  ago  Brigham  was 
growing  beaus  for  the  canning  factory 
and  struck  upon  the  rock  of  blight.  He 
learned  how  to  tight  it  off.  Now  he  has 
a  superior  strain  of  beans  for  seed.  Four 
years  ago  I  walked  over  this  farm  and 
passed  through  n  wet,  soggy  pasture.  It 
was  evidently  good  laud,  but  waterlogged 
because  the  sluggish  stream  could  not 
carry  the  water  away  fast  enough.  Now 
the  soil  is  firm  and  mellow,  and  the  field 
is  covered  with  great  crops  of  beans  and 
potatoes.  The  bed  of  that  sluggish 
stream  was  blown  out  with  dynamite  and 
a  system  of  tile  drainage  installed.  This 
took  out  the  useless  water  and  left  the 
finest  of  soil— rich  from  the  accumulation 
of  years  soaking  down  from  the  upper 
land.  There  are  thousands  of  acres  of 
Wet  land  all  over  Vermont  which  could 
be  drained  and  dried  into  the  most  pro¬ 
ductive  soil.  Vermont  has  a  law  which 
enables  the  community  to  loan  money  on 
drainage  bonds  direct  to  farmers.  On 
this  farm  a  full  system  of  cover  crops  is 
worked  out  and  the  soil  is  now  in  such 
shape  that  the  tillable  land  returns  an 
average  income  of  .$100  per  acre.  There 
is  enough  level  land  on  this  farm  to  pro¬ 
vide  work  for  a  tractor  which  will  turn 
over  the  soil,  harrow  and  fine  it  and  then 
rest  under  cover  until  the  crops  are 
ready.  Then  it  will  cut  the  corn  and 
blow  it  into  the  silo,  and  do  any  other 
work  which  requires  a  turning  wheel.  In 
his  work  as  Commissioner  Brigham  has 
been  trying  to  get  farmers  to  co-operate. 
There  is  too  much  whole  milk  sent  out  of 
Vermont.  This  means  a  slow  draining  of 
fertility,  and  at  the  same  time  helps 
create  a  surplus  of  milk  which  enables 
dealers  to  keep  down  the  price,  or  to  say 
what  it  shall  be.  If  this  milk,  or  much  of 
it,  could  be  kept  in  Vermont  and  made 
into  high-class  butter  in  creameries 
owned  and  operated  by  farmers  there 
would  be  three  savings.  The  fertility  and 
feeding  value  of  the  skim-milk  would  be 
kept  at.  home,  the  owners  of  the  creamery 
would  receive  all  the  profit,  and  this 
Would  lead  to  other  co-operative  busi¬ 
ness  in  buying  and  selling.  There  is  al¬ 
ready  one  such  co-operative  creamery 
making  fine  butter  and  selling  it  to  good 
advantage.  I  am  going  to  buy  butter  di¬ 
rect.  from  this  creamery — sent  by  parcel 
post.  Brigham's  idea  is  to  organize  these 
creameries  and  have  a  State  official  in¬ 
spect  them  and  give  certificates  so  that 
the  butter  may  be  sold  under  a  State 
brand.  These  are  but  a  few  of  the  things 
which  will  be  worked  out  on  the  farm 
units  at  this  new  school.  Gov.  Gates  told 
rue  he  thought  there  should  he  more  life 
in  Vermont  agriculture.  He  probably 
meant  what  we  call  “punch.”  No  one 
knows  the  spirit  and  habits  of  Vermont 
farmers  better  Ilian  the  Governor.  He 
knows  just  how  far  they  will  go,  and  just 
how  far  ahead  of  them  it  is  safe  to  work. 
Out  in  Dakota  the  grandson  of  a  Ver¬ 
mont  pioneer  would  jump  or  run  after 
new  ideas,  but  the  home  folks  are  more 
conservative  and  will  go  slowly.  Many 
of  them  are  still  as  independent  as  un¬ 
broken  horses,  hut  if  they  can  be  har¬ 
nessed  and  trained  through  co-operation 
the  effect  will  be  like  harnessing  one  of 
these  mountain  streams  and  concentrat¬ 
ing  power  that  has  long  been  wasted. 
HOPE  FARM  NOTES 
Pure  Ground  Bone 
For  your  Fall  Seeding 
Use  our  well-known  brands  for  your  Fall  seeding. 
They  are  reliable  crop  producers,  even  with  potash 
absent.  Do  not  depend  on  manure  in  which  there  is 
not  enough  phosphoric  acid  to  give  a  balance  ratio. 
IITBRADIYC  ^ure  Raw Knuckle  Bone  Flour 
iUDD/mU  iJ  Strictly  Pure  Fine  Bone 
These  well-known  brands  ready  for  prompt  shipment. 
Write  for  our  special  grass  book  and  full  price  list. 
It  will  be  sent  free. 
If  you  cannot  find  our  local  agent  apply  direct  to  us 
of  course  be  an  increasing  business  m 
exports  of  granite  and  marble,  but  the 
great  industry  of  Vermont  will  always  be 
farming  and  the  dominating  class  will  he 
farmers.  That  being  so  there  must  be 
wise  and  true  leaders  trained  definitely 
to  be  farmers  aud  yet  with  clear  and 
broad  vision  to  grasp  the  part  which 
Vermont  farmers  must  take  in 
life.  For  Vermont  is  not  a  poor 
any  way.  It  is  one  of  the  richest  in  his¬ 
tory  and  it  has  sent  a  great  army  of  men 
and  women  and  a  flood  of  money  out  to 
develop  the  nation.  As  the  truly  agri¬ 
cultural  State  of  the  future  Vermont  will 
need  men  trained,  within  her  borders,  to 
the  peculiar  needs  of  the  future,  Mr.  I  ail 
evidently  had  this  in  mind  when  he  turned 
this  great  property  over  to  the  State. 
A  Solid  Foundation. — It 
princely  gift.  There  is  no  agricultural 
college  in  the  country  with  a  better  outfit 
for  teaching  forming.  At  most  of  these 
institutions  the  “farm”  is  just  a  piece  of 
land  tacked  onto  the  institution — not  be¬ 
cause  it  typifies  the  farming  of  the  State, 
but  because  the  college  must  have  some 
sort  of  a  farm.  At  this  new  institution 
the  farm  will  be  pretty  much  the  whole 
thing — for  a  time  at  least.  It  is  a  big 
tract  of  Vermont  land — hill,  valley,  wood¬ 
land,  rock  and  stream,  just  like  thousands 
of  acres  upon  which  men  must  earn  their 
living  and  upon  which  the  future  of  I  er- 
niont  rests.  In  some  States  the  college 
farm  seems  to  have  been  located  in  the 
poorest  place — apparently  to  kill  off  the 
college.  In  other  cases  the  farm  is  on 
land  exceptionally  good.  *0  that  the  col¬ 
lege  may  make  a  remarkable  showing. 
Rarely  does  the  college  farm  cover  just 
the  soil  and  condition  under  which  the 
average  farmer  of  the  St. ate  must  do  his 
work  and  make  his  living.  That  is  one 
reason  why  onr  colleges  have  been  teach¬ 
ing  too  much  agriculture  and  too  little 
The  Rogers  &  Hubbard  Co 
Middletown,  Conn. 
Office  and  Work*  :  PORTLAND,  CONN. 
Let  Us  Send  You  This 
fefr  Bi^ Book  of  Barn  Plans 
Mif  Louden  Bam  Plans  is  not  our  barn  equipment  catalog;  it 
M /irWftllJ C  (  A  ml  is  a  beautifully  illustrated  112-page  book  of  practical  plans,  full 
Jl  U~TkLj§[  1  'Tl' /  Jv  of  dollar -saying  information  on  barn  construction  problems. 
Iw  ;  f,  y  )  mf  [t  shows  how  complete  and  convenient,  roomy  and  lahor-sav- 
MJ  '  MI  5ng,  warm  and  yet  well  ventilated,  a  moderate  priced  barn  can  be. 
■  {Li  *  lit  Mf  If  you  expect  to  build  or  remodel  a  barn  you  need  this  book. 
|L  -  MI  W<  'll  send  you  a  copy  without  charge  if  you'll  pay  the  postage 
f  GO  cts.  in  stamps  or  coin). 
)  Get  Plans  Before  You  Build 
for  this  Our  Architectural  Department  will  gladly  furnish  you  preliminary 
Book  Today.  sketches  and  suggestions  without  charge,  and  complete  working  plans 
and  specifications  at  a  cost  so  low  you  can't  afford  to  build  without 
them.  We'll  write  you  fully  about  t  his  valuable  service  when  we  send  you  the  plan  book. 
LOUDEN  BARN  EQUIPMENT  makes  possible  n  clean,  sanitary  barn  with  a  minimum  upkeep  expense. 
It  reduces  labor  and  Increases  profits.  The  Louden  line  includes,  "everything  for  the  barn". 
Ask  for  our  big  illustrated  catalog.  It  will  be  mailed  promptly,  postpaid. 
THE  LOUDEN  MACHINERY  COMPANY,  <est.  isst).  2605  Court  St.,  Fairfield,  Iowa. 
management  made  a  special  feature  of  ed¬ 
ucation — so  that  a  boy  can  go  out  of  this 
school  prepared  to  take  charge  of  either 
sort  of  farming.- 
Practical  Work. — It  is  a  large  un¬ 
dertaking  aud  a  bold  step  in  education. 
It  is  doubtful  if  the  State,  working 
alone,  could  ever  develop  such  a  school— 
for  too  many  farmers  want  to  be  “shown” 
before  they  will  favor  large  expenditure 
for  an  experiment.  Nor  is  it  likely  that 
any  individual  out  of  his  private  means 
could  ever  develop  such  a  thing  alone. 
The  backing  and  name  of  tbe  State  will 
add  a  character  and  confidence  to  the 
plan  which  will  help  put  it  through,  tin 
this  trip  we  drove  many  miles  right 
through  the  heart  of  rural  Vermont,  and 
thus  had  a  good  chance  to  study  the  plan 
and  layout  of  the  average  farm.  The 
body  or  heart  of  it  is  usually  iu  a  valley 
where  the  highway  runs.  Here  the  build¬ 
ings  are  located  and  the  cultivated  fields. 
Back  of  them  the  farm  climbs  up  a  hill 
more  or  less  steep  and  usually  crowned 
bv  a  growth  of  trees.  On  the.  average 
farm  only  a  small  part  of  the  land  Seems 
to  he  plowed.  There  will  be  a  cornfield 
on  good  soil  close  to  the  barn.  This 
corn  is  rarely  husked  or  dried,  hut.  is  cut 
into  the  silo!  There  will  usually  he  an¬ 
other  field  in  oats — at  the  time  of  our 
•  has  been  continuously  making 
WAGONS— BUGGIES— HARNESS 
FOR  EVERY  FARM  USE  SINCE  1852 
WELL 
GLADLY 
SEND 
Catalog 
cCrown  Grain  Drills- 
Have  been  successfully  used  for  .’IS  years  by  American  farmers  for 
sowing  seeds  and  fertilizer.  The  most  complete  and  efficient  drills  sold 
Honestly  made  by  drill  experts  to  give  full  satisfaction.  Crown  Drill* 
made  in  plain  or  combination  styles  in  hoe.  single  or  double  disc. 
Manut'aoturersof  Crown  Fertilizer  tui <  1  Lime  Sowers  aud  Wheelbarrow  Gras: 
Seeders.  Insist  tlmt  your  dealer  show  yon  Crown  Drills. 
CROWN  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY,  12  Wayno  Street,  PHELPS,  N.  Y 
PROSPERITY  IN’  CANADA — 5900,000,000  in 
new  wealth  added  Iu  1015.  Enormous  crops  and 
low  taxation  make  farmers  rich.  Wheat  aver¬ 
age.  30.10  bushels  per  acre  iu  Alberts.  28.75 
bushels  per  acre  In  Saskatchewan,  28.50  bushels 
per  acre  in  Manitoba,  'faxes  average  $24  aud 
will  not  exceed  $35  per  quarter  section,  in¬ 
cludes  all  taxes;  no  taxes  on  Improvements. 
Free  schools  and  full  religious  liberty;  good 
climate.  Get  your  farm  home  from  the  Cana¬ 
dian  Pacific  Railway;  20  years  to  pay.  Good 
land  from  $11  to  $30  per  acre;  irrigated  lands 
from  $35,  aud  tUe  government  guarantees  your 
land  and  water  titles.  Balance,  after  first  pay¬ 
ment,  extended1  over  nineteen  years,  with  in¬ 
terest  at  6Yr  ;  privileges  of  paying  ill  full  any 
time.  Before  final  payment  becomes  due  your 
farm  should  have  paid  for  itself.  Wo  will  lend 
yon  np  to  $2,000  in  Improvements  in  certain  dis¬ 
tricts,  with  no  security  other  than  the  land 
Itself;  Particulars  on  request.  lleady-made 
farms  for  sale.  Special  cany  terms.  J,oan  for 
livestock.  In  defined  districts,  after  one  year's 
occupation,  under  certain  conditions  we  advance 
cnttle,  sheep  and  hogs  to  farmers  up  to  a  value 
of  $1,000.  We  want  you;  we  can  afford  to  help 
you.  We  own  the  land;  we  want  the  land  cul¬ 
tivated.  Our  int«?rest  are  mutual.  Buy  direct 
and  get  your  farm  home  from  the  CANADIAN 
PACIFIC  RAILWAY.  Send  for  free  book.  J.  S. 
Dennis,  Assistant  to  the  President,  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway,  303  Ninth  Ave.,  West,  Calgary, 
Alberta,  Canada. 
1  will  send  you  a  copy  of  _  -Lrl 
my  big,  new,  3916  Bugsy  BOOR 
Book.  Free  and  Postpaid.  It  shows 
more  than  a  hundred  stunning:  new 
styles  which  my  big  factory  is  turn- 
Sng  out  this  season 
.  wnMV  at  prices  os  low  as 
fo)  HMSMyi  /  only  $SJ.2>  and  np. 
a*<Liiio  StSt  Itlckcry 
V  frrr- Vl yP*#  — tnuur.nt«*<i  ii  y«*re 
*l  Much 
SILO  FILLING  POWER 
Don’t  boy  any  onghm  at.  any  price  till  yon 
getonrnew freo book" Why.”  Ittellsln 
simple  words  and  pictures  the  facta  that  , 
distinguish  good  engines  from  poor  ones.  § 
WITTE  Kerosene  engines  are  lower  in  1 
price  and  fuel  expense.  Ask  for  Free 
Catalog  and  prices.  T 
WITTE  ENGINE  WORKS, 
1090  Oakland  Art..  Kanaaa  City.  Mo. 
1890  Empire  Bldfo,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  a; 
BOOKS  WORTH  BUYING 
The  Rose,  Parsons .  1.00 
Plant  Diseases.  Massee .  1.60 
Landscape  Gardening,  Maynard....  1.50 
Clovers,  Shaw... . 1.00 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER, 
333  WEST  30th  ST.,  NEW  YORK. 
A  A  A  A  CADMC  NEARLY  EVERY  DESIRABLE 
llUUU  rAKIVIO  SECTION  OF  NEW  YORK  STATE 
Tell  us  what  kind  of  farm  you  want  and  liow  ranch 
cash  yon  can  pay  and  we  will  aond  yon  n  carefully 
prepared  list  of  Just  such  places.  CENTRAL  OFFICE: 
THE  FARM  RROKFRS'  ASSOCIATION.  Inc  .  Onciia.  New  York 
Other  offices  throughout  the  Stato. 
