1390 
S’/re  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
can  be  made  into  what  we  call  imitation 
silage.  The  dry  stalks  are  run  through  a 
cutter  into  a  hogshead  or  vat.  Hot 
water  is  poured  over  them,  and  a  small 
quantity  of  waste  molasses  added.  The 
vat  is  covered  and  left  to  steam  for  about 
12  hours.  This  softens  the  stalks,  and 
the  molasses  gives  a  sweet  taste  so  that 
the  cattle  will  eat  about  twice  as  much 
of  them  as  they  would  if  the  stalks  were 
fed  whole.  There  is  a  great  deal  of 
waste  on  most  farms  in  handling  these 
dry  stalks,  and  we  would  like  to  get  the 
advice  of  farmers  in  regard  to  handling 
them.  We  have  found  that  the  stalks 
of  flint  corn,  well  cured  and  properly  fed, 
will  make  a  good  substitute  for  Timothy 
hay  io  feeding  idle  horses  through  the 
early  part  of  Winter.  The  above  refers 
to  barn  feeding.  Many  farmers  think 
it  pays  better  to  put  the  stalks  in  racks 
or  right  on  the  ground  and  turn  the 
stock  out  to  help  themselves. 
_ a _ _ 
The  New  England  Fruit  Show 
This  show  will  he  held  this  year  at 
Montpelier,  Vermont,  Nov.  14  and  18. 
It  is  held  in  connection  with  the  Ver¬ 
mont  Horticultural  Society,  and  there 
will  surely  be  a  beautiful  display  of  ap¬ 
ples.  Northern  Vermont  is  noted  for 
its  apple  crop,  and  New  England  is  fam¬ 
ous  for  the  production  of  several  varie¬ 
ties  of  this  popular  fruit.  There  is  a 
good  crop  this  year,  and  it  will  therefore 
be  possible  to  select,  an  excellent  dis¬ 
play.  Montpelier  is  a  good  place  for  the 
meeting,  easy  of  access  and  with  ample 
facilities  for  showing  the  fruit.  A  great 
array  of  prizes  is  given  in  the  premium 
list,  $1000  being  offered  for  exhibits  of 
fruits  and  vegetables. 
In  addition  to  the  exhibits  of  fruit 
there  will  be  addresses  by  some  of  the 
best-known  fruit  growers  and  horticul¬ 
turists  in  the  country.  Take  it  all 
through  it  will  be  a  great  meeting  with 
plenty  to  interest  every  apple  lover.  We 
have  had  a  number  of  letters  from  peo¬ 
ple  who  want  to  know  what  Northern 
Vermont  has  to  oiler  to  the  home  seek¬ 
er.  A  good  way  to  find  out  would  he  to 
take  advantage  of  this  meeting  at  Mont- 
►  pelier  and  look  over  the  fruit.  It  will 
give  them  an  idea  of  what  Winter  is 
likely  to  be  up  in  that  country  and  talks 
with  some  of  the  best,  farmers  iu  New 
England  will  give  them  a  fair  idea  of 
what  they  may  expect. 
The  officers  of  the  New  England  fruit 
show  are  .T.  Lewis  Ellsworth,  Worcester, 
Mass.,  president,  and  F.  Howard  Brown, 
Marlboro,  Mass.,  secretary. 
An  Illinois  “  Community”  Ice-house 
The  picture  at  Fig.  562.  page  1380, 
shows  what  is  called  a  "community  ice- 
house”  at  Barrington,  Ill.  Strictly 
speaking  this  is  not  a  community  affair 
as  it  is  located  on  the  property  of  the 
Hawthorne  Farms  Co.  This  corpora¬ 
tion  owns  about  1000  acres  of  land  un¬ 
der  the  direction  of  Spencer  Otis.  This 
property  is  divided  into  10  farms,  each 
one  having  its  particular  line  of  work. 
One  is  the  creamery  farm,  the  other  has 
a  herd  of  nearly  100  head  of  purebred 
Holsteins;  another  receives  the  calves 
and  carries  them  through  to  maturity  or 
sale;  another  farm  takes  care  of  the 
horse  stock,  and  still  another  farm  Is 
called  the  "shop  farm”  where  all  the  re¬ 
pair  work  is  done.  This  big  enterprise 
is  carefully  organized,  and  supplies  arc 
furnished  On  a  cooperative  plan.  This 
big  ice-house  is  simply  a  part  of  the  es¬ 
tablishment.  The  ice  is  distributed 
among  these  different  farms,  and  the 
farm  families  and  some  of  the  immediate 
neighbors  also  receive  ice.  These  neigh¬ 
bors  loan  their  help  and  teams  at  the 
time  the  house  is  filled,  and  they  receive 
payment  in  ice  at  the  rate  of  $2  a  ton. 
The  ice-house  is  built  of  hollow  tile, 
a  wooden  lining  inside.  Between  this 
wood  and  the  tile  there  is  a  six-inch  space 
filled  with  sawdust.  The  ice-house  is 
circular  and  70  feet  in  diameter,  and 
will  hold  about  350  tons  of  ice  when 
filled.  The  ice  is  taken  from  an  arti¬ 
ficial  lake,  and  there  is  a  slaughter-house 
nearby  where  meat  which  is  grown  on 
the  farm  is  supplied  to  the  farm  fami¬ 
lies  at  a  wholesale  rate.  There  are  a 
number  of  such  farms  starting  up 
through  the  North.  As  a  rule,  when 
handled  with  the  true  community  or  co¬ 
operative  spirit,  they  are  successful  and 
give  employment  to  well  satisfied  work- 
men. 
November  4,  1916. 
ilARGE*"0 
ITV”  cmYk  iTr’pii  I 
FRIEND  '  MFG.  CO.  gaspowt,* 
Handling  Apples  Like  Eggs 
The  picture  on  page  1389  Avas  taken 
in  a  Canadian  orchard,  and  shows  a 
picker  unloading  his  picking  bag  on  the 
sorting  table.  There  are  many  different 
ways  of  getting  the  fruit  off  the  trees. 
Some  people  prefer  a  basket  which  they 
can  hang  on  the  limb  so  that  both  bands 
are  free  to  pick  into  it.  Others  prefer 
a  picking  bag  Avhich  hangs  around  the 
neck,  so  that  both  hands  arc  free  to 
take  off  the  fruit  and  place  it.  gently  in¬ 
side  the  hag.  Then  when  the  bag  has 
been  filled  the  fruit  is  emptied  on  the 
table,  and  there  are  various  ways  of  do¬ 
ing  this.  Some  pickers  take  the  bag 
off  from  around  their  neck  and  gently 
dump  the  fruit,  out,  Avhile  others  operate 
like  the  man  shown  in  the  picture.  It 
does  not  make  so  much  difference  how 
the  fruit  is  picked  or  dumped  provided 
it  is  handled  as  closrdy  as  possible  to 
the  Avay  one  would  handle  eggs. 
We  know  a  boy  who  went  out.  to  pick 
apples  and  avhs  told  he  must  carefully 
pick  the  fruit  into  the  basket  and  then 
gently  pour  it  into  the  barrel.  This  boy 
put  the  barrel  under  tlie  tree  mounted, 
about  30  feet  on  the  ladder,  picked  the 
apples  off  Avith  great  care  and  then  when 
his  basket  Avas  full.  Avitbout  coming  down 
he  poured  the  fruit  down  30  feet  into 
the  barrel  as  Avell  as  he  could  hit  it.  lie 
carried  out  instructions  as  they  were 
given  him,  but  there  is  some  contrast  be¬ 
tween  that  kind  of  picking  and  the  way 
this  man  in  the  picture  is  gently  dumping 
the  fruit. 
{  Arrow 
)  Collars 
FITS  EXTREMELY  WELL  AND 
GOES  WITH  THE  PREVAILING 
STYLE  IN  BROAD  END  TIES 
AND  FOUR-IN-HANDS. 
ASHBY  2*g  in. 
LEXICON  2>i  in 
Cluett,  Peabody  &  Co.,  Inc.,  Makers 
For  thr  family  ►; union  or  cofmnorHnt  orchard.  Hlvou  planting 
AU^uMtlomi,  olid  lint h  of  ApploNj  IVuri,  »V*cho»,  Plum*,  Cherries 
and  other  valaaMu  fruit*.  Rend  for  a  free  copy* 
SAMUEL  FRASER  NURSERY,  Inc.,  128  Main  St  ,  Geneseo.  N.Y. 
STRAWBERRY.  RASPBERRY. BLACK¬ 
BERRY.  ASPARAGUS.  RHUBARB 
uzuyi  lamo plants;  fruit  trees  “in 
I'll)  nt  ini?.  Catalogue  free.  HARM  L.  SQUIRES,  Gtod  Oraund,  N.  T. 
jorri  C  Best  hand 
nla,iG.  Thor 
Kobt.  GHUes,  Medina.  N.Y. 
onglily  seasoned  stock 
PLANT 
NUT  TREES 
REED’S 
GRAFTED,  HARDY 
NORTHERN  PECANS 
and  ENGLISH  WALNUTS 
The  1916  Bean  Crop  in  Western  N.Y. 
For  the  past  60  years  the  cultivation  of 
beans  as  a  field  crop  has  been  on  the  in¬ 
crease,  until  this  crop  has  assumed  and 
maintained  an  enviable  position  among 
our  agricultural  productions.  Beans  all 
through  this  section  of  the  State  where 
conditions  are  favorable,  to  their  profit¬ 
able  growth  and  development  have  proven 
a  valuable  factor,  as  the  crop  supplants 
in  a  great  measure  the  "Summer  fallow” 
of  former  years,  the  cultivation  required 
by  the  crop  being  an  ideal  preparation  for 
Avheat  and  grass  seeding.  Again,  the 
price  of  beans  hits  been  such  as  mater¬ 
ially  to  increase  the  farm  income.  These 
conditions  have  obtained  for  so  many 
years  that  we  were  feeling  secure  in  the 
belief  that  bean  growing  was  a  fixed  in¬ 
dustry  with  us.  Of  late  years  this  crop 
has  shown  some  erratic  tendencies.  The 
1915  crop  showed  up  very  uneven  as  to 
yield  and  quality. 
Lust  year  for  the  first,  time  we  began  to 
hear  of  a  disease  on  the  roots  of  the  plant 
that  was  cutting  down  the  yield.  'Phis 
was  not  considered  serious,  but.  the  pres¬ 
ent  season  the  disease  is  proving  general 
and  disastrous.  Many  fields  are  being 
plowed  under;  although  the  color  and 
growth  of  the  vines  are  good,  they  are 
showing  very  few  pods.  After  the  beans 
have  been  up  and  growing  for  a  couple  of 
weeks,  there  seems  to  be  a  halt  in  their 
further  progress*  the  bottom  loaves  be¬ 
coming  yellow,  and  the  plants  present  a 
stunted  appearance.  1’pon  examination 
the  main  root  at  the  bottom  with  its  feed¬ 
ers  is  found  brown  and  dead,  breaking  off 
when  the  plant  is  pulled  up.  Nature,  who 
always  stands  ready  with  a  repair  kiff,  is 
assisting  the  plant  to  establish  another 
set  of  feeding  roots  near  the  surface,  and 
when  these  get  strong  enough,  the  plant 
again  starts  up  a  new  and  stronger 
growth ;  with  the  result  that  a  few  pods 
will  show  up  from  the  first  growth  and 
another  set  of  pods  form  much  later,  so  that 
when  the  crop  is  finally  harvested  there 
are  beans  all  the  way  from  the  first  small 
flinty  ones  to  a  later  and  larger  bean  ;  and 
also  many  pods  that  are  entirely  given 
and  unfilled.  This  condition  has  been  in¬ 
creasing  for  u  number  of  years,  but  the 
real  cause  had  not  been  discovered.  The 
condition  became  so  bad  in  Wyoming 
County  last  year  that  an  organization 
was  formed  and  a  united  effort  made  to 
fight  the  disease.^  O.  II.  Toau,  0-’  Berry, 
N.  Y.,  has  been  instrumental  iu  bringing 
about  this  united  effort.  Farm  Bureau 
Agent  Lewis  A.  Toan,  with  Dr.  Reddick 
of  Cornell,  and  Prof.  Burkholder,  are 
making  a  thorough  and  extensive  study  of 
existing  conditions  to  find  a  remedy  if 
possible. 
There  is  an  occasional  field  of  beans 
this  season  that  appears  to  be  reasonably 
free  from  this  fungus  disease.  A  short 
time  ago,  when  the  writer  was  out  in¬ 
specting  conditions  in  the  best  bean-grow¬ 
ing  section  of  Livingston  County  with 
those  mentioned  above,  only  one  field  was 
found  fairly  free  from  the  disease.  On  a 
large  farm  where  last  year  nearly  3,000 
bushels  were  grown,  this  year  the  aver¬ 
age  was  small  because  of  the  long  con¬ 
tinued  wet  weather  in  the.  Spring,  and  the 
crop  condition  was  poor  ou  account  of  the 
disease. 
A  crop  that  totals  around  15.000,000 
bushels  for  the  country,  at  present  ami 
even  past  prices,  is  of  enough  importance 
to  enlist  government  aid,  and  at  a  recent 
meeting  at  Wyoming  steps  were  tuken 
with  this  end  iu  view,  iienby  e,  cox. 
NEW  ENGLAND 
Fruit  Show 
MONTPELIER,  VT. 
November  14-18 ,  1916 
Grafted  on  Black  Walnut  are  Reliable 
Beautiful  Shade  Trees.  Prolific  Bearers 
24  Page  Illustrated  Special  Nut  Catalogue 
on  request.  Latest  Information.  Pioneers 
in  Nut  Growing.  Endorsed  by  Leading 
Experiment  Stations  and  Department  of 
Agriculture-  (Established  1891) 
VINCENNES  NURSERIES,  Drawer  299,  Vincennes,  Indiana,  U.S.A. 
You  will  gam  a  new  idea 
of  the  fruit-growing  possi¬ 
bilities  of  this  region. 
See  the  Vermont 
Exhibit 
Nowhere  else  can  the  best 
apple  lands  be  bought  so 
cheaply.  Vermont  apples 
have  a  flavor  all  their  own. 
Millions  of  Fruit  Trees! 
Plan  now  for  fall  planting.  We  have 
million*  of  genuine  Harrison-grown 
trees — peach,  apple,  pear,  and  plum 
ready  for  prompt  shipment. 
_  Vigorous,  hardy,  free  from  di*cA*e.  We 
•hip  them  by  frright.  expreuL  or  parcel  |k>8*.  Large  or 
errnll  ordrrs.  Send  at  once  (or  c.Kalng  and  special  prices, 
Harrisons'  Nurseries  Box  14,  Berlin,  Kd. 
For  Further  Information  Apply  to 
GUY  W.  BAILEY,  Secretary  of  State 
Publicity  Bureau 
ESSEX  JUNCTION,  VERMONT 
nSTHE  have  books  on 
KTO  all  subjects  of 
V£c~'i|  farming  by  rec¬ 
ognized  authorities. 
Write  us  and  we  will 
quote  you  prices 
MORE  MONEY  FROM  FRUIT xUr^nf r cj1tc- 
CROWER.  Tells  how  to  grow  the  market  fruit  at 
paying  prices.  Trial  subscription,  3  months  fnr 
10  ct..  Address  AMERICAN  FRUIT-GROWER,  Box  321. 
Charlottesville.  Va. 
THE  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
333  West  30th  Street,  New  York 
Farmers’ AccountBook?;;1;!'^’.''!;;',':,,1^ 
Hid.  Address  L.  t.  SYPHtRS,  fori  W»*no,  liidirm 
Big 
Special 
Offers 
♦  to  SM.P.  SQQOC 
En*k»e  only 
Otfsor  Stan*. 
Erp,Ry  Low  Prices 
R.  CONSOLIDATED  6AS  AND  GASOLINE  ENGINE  COMPANY,  202  Fulton  Street,  NEW  YORK  CITY 
9Hh 
VH,  *»*' 
WJ15IUR6M 
