1442 
three  years.  There  was  scarcely  any 
smut  to  he  seen.  The  field  receives  about 
50  tons  of  barnyard  manure  per  year, 
also  bad  two  applications  of  lime  in  these 
years,  75  bushels  to  the  acre,  munure 
and  lime  always  top-dressed.  Can  any 
of  The  It.  N.-Y.  family  beat  it? 
Union  Co.,  Fa.  w.  I.  F. 
It.  N.-Y. — That  surely  is  great  corn — 
“Something  to  be  thankful  for,”  If  a 
cover  crop  like  rye  or  clover  had  been 
seeded  at  the  last  cultivation  and  plowed 
under  with  the  manure  the  soil  would 
stand  it  even  better.  We  have  become 
convinced  that  corn  can  he  grown  on 
the  same  land  until  smut  and  insects 
become  too  bad,  as  they  will  in  time. 
Two  Things  to  be  Thankful  for 
There  are  two  things  to  he  thank¬ 
ful  for  in  the  pictures  shown  on  page 
1441.  First  is  the  way  that  home  is 
decorated.  The  vines  running  about  that 
house  add  wonderfully  to  its  appearance 
and  comfort,  and  every  member  of  the 
family  will  feel  the  influence  of  that 
vine.  There  is  no  doubt  about  the  great 
profit  and  value  iu  fixing  up  the  grounds 
around  the  farmhouse.  With  a  few  dol¬ 
lars,  a  person  with  a  good  eye  for  beauty 
can  obtain  a  few  vines  and  shrubs  and 
use  them  to  great  advantage  for  decora¬ 
tive  purposes.  We  know  some  farmers 
who  think  there  is  nothing  to  this,  and 
that,  it  is  rather  childish  to  spend  time 
and  money  in  fixing  up  the  house  and 
yard.  It.  is  not  all  indication  of  child¬ 
ishness,  however,  hut  rather  the  evidence 
of  sound  judgment  and  grown-up  ideas, 
and  any  family  can  well  be  thankful  this 
year  when  they  can  stand  and  look  at 
the  bouse  and  grounds  and  feel  pride  iu 
going  over  them. 
The  other  picture  shows  another  thing 
to  be  thankful  for,  and  that  is  a  group 
of  kindly  children  and  well-tamed  poul¬ 
try.  The  Leghorn  hen  is  generally 
thought  to  he  u  nervous,  liighstrimg  bird, 
flying  out  of  her  feathers  when  anyone 
makes  a  quick  motion  in  her  presence. 
Whenever  a  bird  acts  in  this  way,  how¬ 
ever,  it  generally  presents  a  pretty  good 
moving  picture  of  the  humans  with  whom 
it  has  been  associated.  Many  a  time 
have  we  seen  poultry  men  who  keep  high- 
class  Leghorns,  go  into  the  yards  and 
pick  the  birds  up  without,  any  trouble 
whatever.  In  fact  the  Leghorns  will  fly 
and  perch  on  their  shoulders  and  head, 
and  chase  them  about  as  though  they 
were  the  best  of  friends.  It  is  indeed 
something  to  be  thankful  for  when  one 
possesses  the  character  and  the  patience 
to  make  these  naturally  wild  things  have 
so  much  confidence  in  him. 
An  Old-time  Farmhouse 
That’s  a  good  picture  on  our  first  page 
to  go  in  our  Thanksgiving  number.  There 
are  at  least  five  citizens  shown  in  that 
picture  who  have  reason  to  be  thankful 
that  they  live  in  the  country.  Mr. 
Howard  Goldsmith  of  Rockland  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  who  lives  in  this  house,  says  that 
there  are  five  reasons  grouped  around 
that  little  lake  for  living  iu  the  country. 
Mr.  Goldsmith  says  that  this  old  Dutch 
house  was  erected  about  ”00  years  ago. 
It  is  built  of  native  Hudson  River  red 
sandstone,  and  was  probably  quarried 
right  on  the  spot.  There  are  many  of 
such  houses  scattered  all  through  South¬ 
ern  New  York  and  Northern  New  Jersey. 
The  old  house  at  Hope  Farm  is  exactly 
of  this  type,  although  it  lias  now  been 
made  over  with  some  modern  fixtures.  We 
have  seen  several  of  these  old  houses 
taken  down.  The  stones  seem  to  have 
been  fastened  together  with  clay  and  rye 
straw,  instead  of  the  modern  mortar  or 
concrete.  The  early  Dutch  settlers  who 
swarmed  into  this  territory  invariably 
built  their  houses  on  the  lower  land, 
close  to  a  running  brook  or  a  spring.  In 
almost  every  case  these  houses  were  built 
to  face  the  south.  They  were  solidly  and 
simply  built,  and  have  endured  whore 
many  more  pretentious  buildings  have 
gone  down.  All  over  this  section  in  the 
lower  Hudson  Valley,  city  people  are 
buying  up  the  old  farms  and  houses  and 
filling  the  latter  over  to  suit  their  fam¬ 
ilies.  They  like  to  leave  the  solid  ap¬ 
pearance  and  character  of  the  old  house, 
but  they  add  bay  windows  and  porches, 
until  the  edifice  looks  like  one  of  those 
solid  old  farmers  brought  up  to  date  and 
fitted  out  with  a  modern  suit  of  clothes. 
It  is  a  great  country,  sent  down  to  us 
V>he  RURAL  NEW-YORKER 
November  18,  1910. 
through  history  by  a  great  race  of  people ; 
a  pleasant  country  to  live  in  not.  only  for 
Iho  soil  and  the  climate,  and  the  peculiar 
advantages  which  surround  it,  but  be¬ 
cause  every  one  of  these  old  farms  car¬ 
ries  a  history  which  to  thinking  men  and 
women  adds  a  charm  to  the  place.  This 
house  of  Mr.  Goldsmith’s  is  very  charac¬ 
teristic  of  many  others,  and  we  do  not 
vender  thut  he  says  what  he  does  about 
those  five  arguments  for  living  in  the 
country. 
Diseased  Peach  Twig 
I  send  a  sprig  from  the  top  of  a  Cham¬ 
pion  peach  tree  which  seems  to  me  to 
be  diseased.  I  noticed  one  tree  about 
two  or  three  weeks  ago,  the  top  of  which 
was  curling  and  shriveling,  and  now 
there  are  half  a  dozen  at  least  ac  ting  the 
same  way.  a.  E.  N. 
Pomona,  N.  Y. 
The  sample  of  twig  which  you  en¬ 
closed  from  one  of  your  peach  trees  show¬ 
ing  a  reddened  and  curled  appearance  'of 
the  leaves  indicates  a  check  to  the  growth 
of  this  particular  branch  or  tree.  If  the 
whole  tree  is  affected  iu  this  manner,  I 
feel  quite  sure  that  you  will  find  the 
cause  of  the  trouble  right,  at  or  just,  be¬ 
low  the  surface  of  the  ground,  and  that 
the  removal  of  the  soil  about  the  trunk 
of  the  tree?,  and  an,,  examination,  will 
show  that  the  bark  has  been  injured  by 
borers  or  damaged  by  Winter  injury.  It 
is  quite  possible  that  the  hark  may  still 
be  alive,  but  you  may  find  it  yellow  and 
spongy,  instead  of  its  normal  color  and 
strong  texture.  Au  occasional  tree  may 
have  the  same  appearance  when  first 
showing  symptoms  of  “yellows.”  How¬ 
ever,  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  it  is 
more  likely  to  be  a  case  of  Winter  in¬ 
jury  to  the  bark ;  although  it  is  possi¬ 
ble  for  other  factors  to  affect  the  tree  in 
this  manner.  I  suggest  that  you  make 
an  examination  of  the  bark  at  and  below 
the  surface  of  the  ground  for  a  distance 
of  eight  or  10  inches.  This  would  de¬ 
finitely  show  whether  borers  or  Winter 
injury  are  possible  factors  in  the  case. 
Where  Winter  injury  is  at  all  likely  to 
occur,  it  is  well  to  mound  up  the  soil  for 
at  least  a  foot  or  18  inches  about  the 
trunks  of  peach  trees  just  before  freez¬ 
ing  weather  in  the  Fall.  This  mound 
should  bo  removed  in  early  Spring,  when 
the  orchard  is  cultivated.  M.  A.  B. 
Spraying  the  Family  Tree 
Immigration  from  Southern  Europe 
after  the  war  is  expected  to  bring  with 
it  the  malignant  typhus  fever  now  so 
prevalent  in  those  war-stricken  countries 
unless  more  than  ordinarily  rigid  pre¬ 
cautions  are  adopted  by  the  health  au¬ 
thorities  at  our  ports.  This  disease  is 
always  present  in  Mexico,  also,  and  there 
is  a  constant  fight  to  keep  it  from  spread¬ 
ing  northward.  Among  other  ways  in 
which  it  is  carried  is  by  body  lice  on  the 
persons  and  in  the  clothing  of  immigrants 
from  infected  zones,  and  a  quick  and  ef¬ 
fective  way  of  destroying  these  lice  has 
been  sought  by  the  Public  Health  Ser¬ 
vice. 
The  efficiency  of  the  spray  pump  iu 
destroying  those  parasites  lhat  live  on 
trees  has  evidently  suggested  to  the  port 
officers  of  Boston  a  ready  means  of  go-  , 
ing  over  a  block  of  immigrants  and  rid*  I 
ding  them  of  any  body  lice  that  might  at¬ 
tempt  to  evade  quarantine  and  enter  this 
country  with  their  hosts.  The  kerosene 
emulsion  spray,  used  against  plant  lice 
is  known  to  be  equally  effective  when 
used  to  destroy  those  of  the  human  body, 
but  the  experience  of  the  English  army 
in  the  trenches  has  shown  that  gasoline 
is  still  more  efficient  than  kerosene. 
To  make  use  of  this  emulsion  a  com¬ 
bination  of  the  spray  pump  and  dipping 
tank  has  been  devised  and  their  applica¬ 
tion  is  described  in  a  recent  issue  of 
“Public  Health  Reports.”  Men  to  he 
treated  are  put  into  one  group  and  wom¬ 
en  and  children  into  another.  A  long, 
narrow  building  lias  been  erected  lmv-  1 
ing  in  its  center  a  shallow  concrete  tank 
holding  about  20  inches  of  water.  A 
fence  prevents  anyone  from  passing  this 
tank  without  walking  through  its  15- 
foot  length.  At  one  end  of  the  tank  a 
barrel  containing  the  emulsion  of  water, 
soap  and  gasoline  is  placed  and  to  the 
barrel  a  common  spray  pump  is  attached. 
The  candidate  for  admission  to  this  i 
typhus- free  country  enters  the  building  I 
at  the  spray  pump  end,  disrobes  and  puts 
all  of  Ids  clothing  into  a  canvas  bag. 
A  metal  check  is  attached  to  the  bag  and 
its  counterpart  liung  about  the  immi¬ 
grant's  neck.  Stepping  up  to  the  barrel 
manned  by  two  officials  the  immigrant 
turns  slowly  about,  while  being  thorough¬ 
ly  sprayed  from  head  to  foot  with  the 
emulsion.  The  force  of  the  spray  pene¬ 
trates  to  the  .skin,  though,  if  he  has  a 
tousled  head  of  hair,  special  attention 
may  he  given  to  his  cranium.  The  emul¬ 
sion  does  no  harm  if  some  of  it  enters 
the  eyes,  producing  only  that  smarting  to 
which  every  American  boy  is  inured 
early  in  life.  After  the  spraying,  the 
man  walks  slowly  through  the  tank ;  he 
can’t  walk  very  fast  for  the  water  is  lip 
to  his  knees.  As  he  walks  through  lie 
is  sprayed  with  water  from  above  and 
the  soapy  emulsion  is  washed  off,  per¬ 
mitting  him  to  step  from  the  far  end 
cleauer,  possibly,  than  he  has  been  before 
in  a  long  time. 
Meanwhile  his  clothing  in  the  canvas 
hag  has  been  treated  to  hydrocyanic  acid 
gas  under  pressure  and  sent  along  to 
meet  him  at  the  end  of  his  trip.  Emerg¬ 
ing  from  the  tank  the  man  dries  him¬ 
self  on  the  two  towels  furnished  him  and 
wraps  himself  in  a  blanket  to  await  bis 
clothes.  He  has  been  sprayed  and  dipped 
and  has  ridden  the  goat  in  the  first  Cere¬ 
mony  of  initiation  to  American  citizen¬ 
ship.  Whether  he  continues  the  prac¬ 
tices  of  applying  soap  and  water  to  him¬ 
self  in  generous  quantities,  or  not,  he  is 
free  from  the  danger  of  carrying  with 
him  those  little  pests  whose  bite  is  dan¬ 
gerous  if,  before  leaving  their  old-coun¬ 
try  home,  they  had  chanced  to  bite  a 
typhus-fever  victim.  M.  B.  n. 
Filter  for  Water  Supply 
Could  you  tell  me  how  to  make  a  fil¬ 
ter  to  filter  the  water  supplying  two 
houses?  The  water  comes  from  a  pond 
about  500  feet  from  the  houses,  with  a 
fall  of  about  400  feet,  and  sometimes 
there  is  a  good  deal  of  sediment  to  it, 
and  it  smells  unpleasant.  F.  L. 
Newburgh,  N.  Y. 
A  filter  may  he  made  by  constructing 
a  chamber  of  concrete,  of  size  suited  to 
the  work  it  is  to  perform,  and  tilling  it 
with  successive  layers  of  gravel,  pulver¬ 
ized  charcoal  and  fine  sand,  in  the  order 
mentioned.  The  water  may  be  made  to 
pass  through  this  filter  bed  from  above 
downwards  or  from  below  upwards,  it 
being  essential  only  that  there  should  be 
sufficient  storage  space  for  filtered  water 
to  supply  the  immediate  needs  of  the 
household.  Such  a  filter  may  be  placed 
anywhere  in  the  water  course  from  source 
to  outlet.  By  renewing  the  filtering  ma¬ 
terial,  aud  more  frequently  the  surface 
layer,  a  filter  may  he  used  indefinitely  hut 
it.  should  he  understood  that  a  filter  of 
any  kind,  while  clarifying  the  water  pass¬ 
ing  through  it,  does  not  remove  disease 
germs,  should  they  be  present;  indeed,  a 
filter  may  serve  as  a  breeding  ground  for 
germs  rather  than  as  a.  protection 
against  them.  By  giving  a  false  sense 
of  security  and  inducing  neglect  of  the 
source  of  supply,  a  domestic  filter  of 
tliis  kind  might  prove  a  source  of  danger, 
hut,  if  its  limitations  are  understood,  a 
filter  should  he  a  convenience. 
M.  b.  n. 
MAPLE  SYRUP 
EVAPORATORS 
G.  H.  GRIMM 
With  n  OltMM  EVAPORATOR  yen  wilt  nr'vhice 
M  ARI  E  SYRUP  <>r  QVAI.ITY  wihltv-  1 . .  n  if  Labor. 
U**  the  OKI, MM  SYSTEM- UV  A  I 'ORATORS  "  Inch  will 
hint.  n.  lifetime.  Order  KOW  and  be  pri  earn!  for  the 
A  nh  for  catalogue  " Ji' ’  and 
elate  number  of  trees  you  tap. 
COM  I  No  SUGAR 
SKA  SON,  Use 
the  PROFIT  - 
lU  H  GRIMM  SAP 
SPOU  TS,  COV¬ 
ERS.  ROCKETS, 
TANKS,  ETC. 
Wo  m«  ready  to 
oupfily  you 
prom  id  ly. 
G-IH.  Grimm  Estate,  Rutland, Vt. 
Peaches  Mean  Prosperity 
especially  Harrison  Quality  Peaches.  We  have 
millions  of  peach,  apple,  plum  and  cherry 
trees.  Hardy  growth,  free  from  dbr-nw,  end 
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and  budded  from  heat  rig  ore!  afcls.  We  pack 
with  great  care  and  sl  ip  by  freight,  express,  or 
parcel  post.  Large  or  small  orders. 
Plan  at  once  for  fall  planting.  Write  today  for 
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Forth"  family  itm-don  or  commercial  orchard.  Giro,  planting 
au  ',:i‘*l|oiia,  smt  lists  "f  Apple*,  l'oara,  t’enehes,  Plums,  Cherries 
mnl  other  valuable  finite.  Soiol  for  it  pro#  copy. 
SAMUEL  FRASER  NURSERY.  Inc.,  126  Main  St..  Geneseo,  N.Y. 
FACTS  FOR  FRUIT  GROWERS 
gives  the  latest. facts  from  all  sources.  Invalu¬ 
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RASPBERRY,  PRIVET,  RHUBARB 
l’lu  n ik — Leading  varieties— rod  and  bludk  raspberry, 
$1.75  hundred;  fthhO  thousand.  Calf.  Privet,,  a  year, 
2  to  3  feel,  ti  branches,  $3.50  hundred;  $30  thousand. 
Rhubarb,  extra  inrite  for  forcing  in  collar,  $1  doz.; 
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S\A /  F  FT  Builds  Worn  Out  Soil.  Has 
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Wanird  agents  Farmers’  Account  Book 
Highly  Indorsed.  Address  l.  L.  STPHtRS.  Foil  Wayne,  Indiana 
Ground  Limestone 
Makes  Best 
Concrete 
Mr.  Arthur  Johnston,  of  Crcstwood,  Ky., 
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CJhe  Jeffrenl  jomSPulve|^ 
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Portable — Sold  on  a  guarantee. 
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