295 
by Mr . Claude Grant in South Africa. 
often found the nests, I have not succeeded in obtainiug the 
eggs. The call is a sharp “pine pine"” continuously uttered. 
The soft parts are :—I rides dark hazel; eyelid dark plum, 
powdered with white; bill and legs and toes black.] 
219. Pycnonotus layardi. 
2. Sibudeni, Nov. (1) ; Jususie Valley, Nov., Dec. (5) ; 
Umfolosi Station, Aug. (1) ; Hluhluwe Stream, Aug. (1) ; 
Ngoye Hills, Oct. (2) ; Tv, Zuurbron, Apl., May (3) ; 
Woodbush, Dec. (1) ; Klein Letaba, July, Aug., Sept. (4) ; 
Legogot, May (1) ; F. Coguno, July, Aug. (2) ; Masam- 
beti, Nov. (1); Beira, Nov., Dec., Jan. (3); Tambarara, 
Mch., July (2) ; Tete, Aug. (1). 
[ u Poativa ” or “ Isaponya of Zulus. 
Commonly observed in Natal, Zululand, the South-Eastern, 
Eastern, and North-Eastern Transvaal, round Pretoria, and 
in the Inhambane, Beira, Gorongoza, and Tete districts of 
Portuguese East Africa. 
This is a very common bird everywhere, and does great 
damage to fruit. I do not believe that these Bulbuls are 
gregarious in the true sense of the word, though congregating 
at common feeding-grounds. The call is not unlike that of 
the Cape Bulbul. When alarmed or excited through the 
intrusion of banoks or snakes, this species is very noisy and 
will approach the object very close, keeping continually on 
the move and constantly raising and lowering the crest and 
jerking the tail up and down. It usually places its nest in 
the fork of a tree, but I have seen it sandwiched between 
the leaves of bananas. 
The soft parts are:—Irides dark brown, no wattle ; bill, 
legs and toes black.] 
220. Pycnonotus nigricans. 
CG. Klipfontein, Apl. (2). 
[Since the Central Cape Colony trip, this Bulbul has only 
been found in Namaqualand, where it is not nearly so 
common as P. capensis. It closely resembles that species in 
habits and call. 
The soft parts are :■—Irides red-brown, eyelid orange; 
bill and legs black.] 
