538 
Mr. G. L. Bates on the 
the males leading; this evolution has gone a step further in 
both sexes in C. batesi than in the other species. 
A young specimen has all the wing-coverts tipped with 
yellow, traces of yellow bars on the back, and of dark bars 
on the breast. 
In the adult males the irides are dark blue ; in younger 
birds and females this colour is more or less mixed with grey ; 
the feet of all are bluish-grey. 
The birds of this species that have been shot, in one case by 
myself, were met with in bijak along with other birds, in the 
second-growth woods of old cleared ground ( bikdtok ). 
Laniarius luehderi. [Nko’o-bikotok.] (Plate IX. 
figs. 1-1, eggs.) 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 330. 
No. 3068 is a young bird with the plumage not fully grown. 
It represents a still younger plumage than that of which the 
description is given in Beichenow’s 4 Vogel Afrikas/ All 
the upper side is finely barred with light brown and blackish ; 
the under side is olive-yellow with fine dark bars, which are 
wanting on the crissum and buff under tail-coverts. 
I have already spoken Ibis/ /. c .) of the commonness of 
this bird in the impenetrable thickets of old cleared ground 
(bikdtok ) and of its calls in which mates answer each other, 
nearly always while out of sight. The call of the female is 
probably the low “cliurring” one, while the one I think to 
be that of the male might almost be described as a “ cooing ” 
note. Once a bird of this species that was making these 
cooing” calls was seen to bend its head and neck forward 
at each utterance. 
Several nests of Nko’o-bikotok have now been found. 
They are shallow cups set in the forks of low trees or bushes 
or in the big half-shrubby weed Triumfetta. These nests are 
composed of dried weed-stems with fine rootlets inside, the 
rootlets seeming to be an invariable feature. They are 
shallower and ruder in construction than the somewhat similar 
nests of the Pycnonotidee. 
