180 Lord Lilford on the Ornithology of Spain. 
two former, I think, resident in all parts of Spain. Bubo maximus 
is not rare in the mountains, and Asio otus } A. brachyotus, and 
Syrnium aluco are well known, though I did not obtain specimens 
of any but the four first-named species. The Eagle-Owl is 
known as t( Buho grande the Long-eared, Short-eared, and 
Tawny Owls indiscriminately as “ Carabo the Barn-Owl is 
called “ Lechuza the Little Owl “ Mochuelo and the Scops 
“ Corneja.” I was informed by Senor Graells that he has met 
with Bubo ascalaphus in the province of Catalonia. 
We returned to Madrid on the 20th of April in pouring rain, 
which continued almost without intermission till the 24th, on 
which day I went down again to the Casa de Campo and shot 
several birds. The Warblers were arriving in great numbers, and 
we obtained specimens of Sylvia orphea , Calamodyta arundi- 
nacea 3 C. phragmitis, besides some Pied Flycatchers, Muscicapa 
atricapilla, a Tree-Pipit, Anthus arboreus , Scops Owls, Bee- 
eaters, Woodchats, Lanius rufus, and Spanish Magpies. On this 
occasion I first met with the Bed-necked Nightjar, Caprimulgus 
ruficollis, but had not the luck to get a shot at him, as I had 
just killed a Warbler, and was struggling through the thick 
brambles to pick it up, when the Nightjar rose at my feet, and 
was out of sight before I could get my gun to my shoulder. 
The difference in size and the general lighter colour of the 
plumage at once distinguish this species from the Common 
Nightjar, C. europceus, which, as far as I have observed, is not 
very common in Spain. I was much struck by the enormous 
number of Swifts, Cypselus apus, which had arrived since my last 
visit to the Casa de Campo, and were now, with the Bee-eaters, 
by far the most prominent species about Madrid. The beautiful 
Lesser Kestrels, Tinnunculus cenchris, had also received strong re¬ 
inforcements, and, with their congener T. alaudarius , now occu¬ 
pied every coigne of vantage in the town, particularly affecting 
the roof of the Queers palace, where they appear to live amicably 
in company with great numbers of House-Pigeons and Starlings, 
Sturnus unicolor. Manuel informed me that a Peregrine Falcon 
generally took up its abode on the palace-roof in winter, and 
committed great havoc amongst the Pigeons. I found a speci¬ 
men of this Falcon at the bird-stuffeFs, Severini; but I am still 
