236 
Mr. Blyth’s Commentary 
Schlegel; F. ruber indicus } Aldrovandi; F. communis indicus, 
Gm.; F. shahin } Jerdon; F. sultaneus , Hodgson*. 
I have only seen Indian specimens of this Falcon, though it 
doubtless occurs in the Indo-Chinese province, if not also in 
the Malayan. Mr. Layard obtained it in Ceylon. 
10. Falco sacer. 
This is perhaps the doubtfully cited F. biarmicus of Vigne’s 
list, noticed as being “common in the plains under the Alpine 
Punjab ” (P. Z. S. 1841, p. 6)—unless, indeed, the common 
F.jugger be intended, or, more probably, F. babglonicus. 
11. Falco jugger. 
It is remarkable that this very common Indian Falcon has 
not hitherto been noted from the low northern half of Ceylon. 
The young have pale lead-coloured tarsi and toes—not yellow, as 
represented in Gould’s figure (B. As. pt. i.). There is a living- 
adult at present in the Zoological Gardens -j*. 
12. Falco babylonicus, Gurney, Ibis, 1861, p. 218. u F. 
peregrinoides,” Hodgson, J. A. S. B. xxiv. 574; G. B. Gray, 
B. M. Catal. B. Nipal, 1st edit. p. 44 (“ Red-naped Falcon”). 
In his second edition of the catalogue in question, Mr. Gray 
from Nepal, and an adult male in the Norwich Museum from Northern 
India, have a much lighter colouring on the underparts than lias hitherto 
been figured or described as being the case in F. peregrinator. If it be not 
that this peculiarity is due to old age, Mr. Gurney supposes the two spe¬ 
cimens just mentioned may belong to an undescribed species.— Ed.] 
* Undoubtedly the true F. sultaneus, H., though a figure in one of his 
drawings represents, I suspect, a stray individual of the Australian F. mela- 
nogenys; and such, also, may be Dr. Jerdon’s supposed hybrid Falcon 
(p. 26 ). 
t The F. subniger, Gray (Gould’s ‘ Birds of Australia,’ i. pi. ix.), appears 
to me to be decidedly one of the Sakir aDd Lanner group in immature plu¬ 
mage ; and F. hypoleuctis, Gould (B. Austr. pi. vii.J, I greatly suspect to be 
no other than the adult of the same species. Professor Schlegel, I find, 
has expressed the same opinion. I also suspect, with Dr. Jerdon, that 
Ieracidea occidentalis, Gould, is merely the adult phase of I. berigora 
(B. Austr. i- pi. vii.-ix.). Since writing the foregoing remarks, I have 
seen Mr. Gould’s useful ‘Handbook of the Birds of Australia,’ wherein he 
retains alike Falco hypoleucus and F. subniger, Ieracidea berigora and Z. 
occidentalis ; but I am not satisfied that he does so correctly. 
