on Dr. Jerdon^s ( Birds of IndiaJ 
355 
166. Chrysocolaptes sultaneus. 
Two races have been confounded under this name. The first 
is Ficus sultaneus (as originally described by Mr. Hodgson), of 
larger size, rare, and (so far as known) peculiar to Nipal; Mr. 
Gould has a specimen (type of P. strenuus, Gould), the only 
one 'which I have seen; the closed wing (as figured by Malherbe) 
measures 7' 5 in. The other species, P. delesserti of Malherbe, 
is more or less diffused throughout India, Asam, the Indo- 
Chinese countries, and Malayan Peninsula. I have compared 
specimens from Asam, Siam, and Southern India which were 
identical in race, the length of wing not exceeding 6*25 in. in 
males, and 6 in. in females. This race is the Ficus strenuus 
from Asam (P. Z. S. 1839, p. 165), and I have seen it assigned 
to P. strictus from the Malayan Peninsula; but the latter (from 
Java) is again smaller, with a yellow cap in the female sex as in 
the following species. 
167. Chrysocolaptes pestivus (Bodd.); Picusgoensis, Gm.; 
P. humeralis, Wagler. 
Some females have the yellow crest tipped with crimson. 
The Ceylon species, C. stricklandi (Layard) ( Indopicus carlotta , 
Malherbe, vide Ibis, 1863, p.?267), is distinguished from the 
very similar C. hcematribon of the Philippines by its whitish bill 
and blackish auricular plumes. Chrysocolaptes stricklandi and 
Brachypternus ceylonus (Forster) [Picus erythronotusjV ieillot),bear 
a remarkable resemblance in colouring, though not in structure; 
but all the species of the former division have the rump crimson, 
and those of the latter black, B. ceylonus not constituting an 
exception. Even Dr. Jerdon figured the Chrysocolaptes for the 
Brachypternus in his ‘ Illustrations of Indian Ornithology 9 ! 
168. Muelleripicus pulverulent us. 
Type of Lichtensteinipicus (!), Bonap. [Alphonerpes, Cabanis), 
and the species referred to P. gutturalis, Valenciennes. The 
young bird, perhaps the male only, is remarkable for having the 
frontal region crimson-tipped. In the European Picus major, 
and probably certain allied species, the young of both sexes have 
the crown tipped with crimson; while the adults have a black 
crown, adorned in the male only by a crimson occipital crescent. 
