20 Lieut. W. V. Legge on the Distribution of 
Singha-Rajah forest on the upper Gindurah, at about 1000 feet 
above the sea-level. Now and then it may be seen near the 
edges of paths in the jungle or flying across open places; but 
this is quite the exception*. It is always found single or in 
pairs, and does not seem to associate in small parties like its 
smaller relative, Alcippe nigrifrons. Garrulaoc cinereifrons is 
common in the upper forests of the province; it is found in 
parties of a considerable number, and is very shy, the whole 
flock taking themselves off quickly, chattering, and following 
one after the other, on being disturbed in the slightest degree. 
I imagine it is confined to the dark and gloomy jungle of the 
hills; I have generally found it in ravines, where it affects 
underwood and feeds much on the ground, scratching up 
leaves in search of its food. Hypsipetes neilgheriensis is very 
abundant from the Morowa-Korle and Singha-Rajahills down 
to the low forests near Galle. It is plentiful also about the 
secondary jungles and confined valleys between the forests 
and the sea. It is a noisy bird, and does not often escape 
observation as it flies to and fro across the narrow ravines, 
settling on the extreme tops of trees and uttering its harsh 
unmusical notes. Criniger ictericusf is numerous in forests 
from the low country up to the coffee-estates; it is always found 
about the smaller trees and shrubs in high jungle, and, besides 
searching along the branches and among the leaves for larvae, 
feeds on various berries and small fruit. Kelaartiapenicillata 
is a Bulbul which I have not succeeded in procuring from 
the southern province; I have never seen it in the district. 
Rubigula melanictera is more numerous here than in any part 
of Ceylon, frequenting native gardens, “ Lantana ” thickets, 
bamboo jungle, and damp primeval forest. Birds are fre- 
* To my surprise I found this bird numerous in the jungle of the north¬ 
east; specimens from that district are lighter in colour than southern 
birds. 
t With regard to Mr. Holdsworth’s note on this bird (P. Z. S. 1872, 
p. 450), he 'does not seem to be aware that there are large tracts of fine 
primeval forest within twenty miles of Colombo. In such I found Cri¬ 
niger ictericus , and not in districts “ consisting of paddy-Jields and cultivated 
land” The face of nature is very changeable in Ceylon, and birds are 
extremely local on that account. 
