78 Mr. W. T. Blanford on Indian and Persian Birds. 
nearly in colour, the back being brown and the head only 
blackish towards the forehead; but still the anterior portion 
of the head is darker than in S. curruca, and the tarsi, of 
course, are quite different in colour. 
Young birds are brown above, the tail blackish; the secon¬ 
dary quills have pale rufous edges; and there is a buff tinge 
on the lower surface. 
It is possible that this may be the bird obtained by Jerdon 
in Southern India, and described by him in his “ Catalogue 
of the Birds of Southern India ” (Madras Journ. Lit. and 
Sci. vol. x. p. 268) as S. cinerea. This bird he assigned, 
in his e Birds of India/ to Blythes S. affinis; but as in the first 
description the bill and legs were said to be brown, it may 
have belonged to the present species. 
5. Sylvia nana, H. & E., has been shown to be identical 
with S. delicatula , Hartl. (by Finsch and Hartlaub and by 
v. Heuglin), and with S. dories, De Filippi (by Salvadori). 
Another synonym I feel satisfied is Salicaria aralensis, Evers- 
mann (Journ. f. Ornith. 1853, p. 286). 
6. Hypolais upcheri , Tristram, is Curruca languida, H. & E. 
I have examined the types of both species, that of the latter 
in the Berlin museum, the former kindly lent to me by Mr. 
Tristram for the purpose. H. languida is a form which has 
been overlooked or confounded with H. elcsica by several 
writers *. 
7. The various forms described as Salicaria elceica, Linder- 
mayer, Curruca pallida, Hempr. & Ehr., Sylvia caligata, 
Licht., Sylvia rama, Sykes, and Jerdonia agricolensis, Hume, 
all, I believe, belong to one species, varying much in size and 
slightly in structure, and belonging to the genus Hypolais . 
The western form, H. pallida, H. & E .,—elceica, Linder- 
* Injustice to Mr. Tristram and others who have given new names to 
species formerly described by Hemprich and Ehrenberg, it is only right 
to say that not only is the 1 Symbolae Physicae ’ of the last-named writers 
a rare work, but their descriptions are in many cases insufficient, and that 
the species can only be identified by comparison with the types preserved 
in the Berlin museum. 
