Mr. 11. Swinhoe's Ornithological Notes made at Chefoo. 423 
the opposite promontory), preparatory to their united descent 
on the mud-flats of Pehtang and Takoo, at the head of the 
Gulf of Pehchelee. The French misnamed this place Chefocn 
after the westward headland of the harbour, which is called 
Chefoo Head by the Chinese; but a name once affixed, be 
it right or wrong, it is not easy to change; and to the outer 
world Yentai* must for ever be Chefoo. To foreign residents 
in China Chefoo is more than a port of trade; it is the summer 
resort of the ladies and their sick lords, and has been hailed as 
the “ Scarborough of China.” I owed my incumbency there, 
in fact, to the state of my health. The government buildings 
are situate on a hill which forms the right side of the small 
inner harbour; on the left you have the long west beach, 
on the edge of a broad sand-spit, five miles long, ending in an 
island-like headland, named, as I have before stated, Chefoo 
Head; the native town of Yentai clusters in the angle be¬ 
tween, with the foreign mercantile settlement on its right 
side. Below our hill, on the eastward side, stretches the east 
beach for two miles, finishing with the spur of a range of hills 
not exceeding 800 feet that closes in our valley and sweeps 
round to the west beach. The plain to their feet is for the 
most part under cultivation, and sprinkled with native villages 
and farmhouses. Hotels and summer residences are mostly 
at the foot of our hill and on the east beach; and missionary 
establishments lie at long distances apart on the hills at the 
back or among villages. The bay that expands in front of 
the east beach is protected six miles to seaward by a line of 
small islands, on the largest of which is a lighthouse, to mark 
the entrance to the harbour. It at once occurred to me 
that during the migration-time it would be useful to enlist 
the good offices of the keeper of the lighthouse to look out 
with a gun. The keeper, Mr. Campbell, an officer of the 
Imperial Maritime Customs, goodnaturedly promised his as- 
* Sometimes written Yentai (M. T). 12,082. 9,720) or u Swallow-Ter¬ 
race,” sometimes Yentay (M. D. 12,015. 9,726) or u Smoke-Tower.” 
To save the insertion of Chinese characters, which is no easy matter 
for an English printer, I have adopted the system used by telegraphers 
of Chinese. “M. D.” signifies ‘ Morrison’s Dictionary,’ and the numbers 
that follow those of the characters in that well-known work. 
