from the date of the note to tne ume oi wu pay¬ 
ment. Hence, for solving examples by this 
method, we have this rule: Divide each payment 
by the amount of $1, from the date of the note to 
the time of the piyment; deduct the sum of the 
quotients thus obtained front the principal, and 
the balance, with the interest on it from the date 
of note to settlement, will be the amount then ] 
due. According to this method, each payment is 
a settlement of ft part of the note, with its interest, 
and therefore the result is the same as it, instead 
of one note, so many different notes had been 
given, all bearing the same date as the one, but 
made severally due at the different times of the 
several paymeots, and each given for that sum 
which, when due, would amouut to the payment 
then made. This rule, it will be observed, com¬ 
bines the principles of the first and third rules, 
since a part of the interest is paid at every pay* 
n.erit, and ft part remains unpaid till the final 
settlement. 
As to the final results obtained by solving ex¬ 
ample according to each of the five rules now 
given, the following statements will be found, on 
PINE APPLE SQUASH—MATURITY OF SEED, 
METHODS OF COMPUTING INTEREST 
ON NOTES OP PARTIAL PAYMENT. 
christened with the name of Pine Apple. This 
distlnctivu appellation was not on account of 
any resemblance in taste, but because of its 
peculiar shape and size. If wc had sought a 
name significant of its eating quality, wo could 
not have doue bettor than cull it “ Sweet Potato 
Squash;” but there are already some four or five 
varieties of squashes called by the latter name. 
Names of now varieties should signify something. 
Such names as Victoria, Washington, George the 
IN, &c,, give us au Idea of something new, but not 
of the quality or origin of the article in question. 
Wc only claim for our squash a resemblance in 
form to the name we luve given it, bellevlnglhe 
quality will speak for itself. At the Fair of the 
Union Agricultural Society, at Palmyra, we had 
one on exhibition, nnd the ladies came near eating 
it all up—declaring it fully equal to a raw sweet 
potato, and none being able to guess, or hardly 
believe it was squash* I. W. Buigcs. 
Wont Miieoduu, N. Y , 1S60. 
Why did not friend Baums inform ns as to the 
mode in which his seed was grown? Are we to 
infer from his article that the climate hereabouts 
is the principal opponent with which the cultiva¬ 
tor has to contend, and can a perfect specimen be 
produced in a more genial atmosphere, and under 
sunnier skies? Please tell the whole story. 
transverse black rays. These last are elongate ! 
and extended backwards over the sides of the 
neck, and may bu raised or depressed at will A 
few minute hairs are scattered over the cheeks, 
which are of a livid complexion. The feathers of 
the back of the neck are tinged with a mixture 
of green and gold, aud bordered with black, those 
of tho back and the upper tail-coverts are bright 
yellow, the latter terminating in a crimson border. 
Argus Pheasant. —The Argus Pheasant, (Ar¬ 
gus gigantrus,) of which we give Ru ft au readers | 
au engraving, is one of the most remarkable for 
the beauty of its plumage. The two middle tail 
feathers are the. longest; secondary quills, much 
more developed than the primaries. Tho wings, 
the secondaries of which arc three times as long 
| as tho primary quills, are painted and occllftted in 
A very faint idea 
of their plumes, as for their happy mixtures and 
varieties. It is far beyond tho power of tho pen¬ 
cil to draw anything so glossy, so bright, or points 
so finely blending into each other. IVe arc told 
that wlmn Ckiksits, king of Lydia, was seated on 
his throne, adorned with royal magnificence, and 
all tho barbarous pomp or eastern splendor, he 
asked Solon if he had ever beheld anything so 
tine? The Greek philosopher, no way moved by 
the objects before him, or taking a pride in his 
native simplicity, replied, that after having seen 
tho beautiful plumage of the pheasant, he could 
i be astonished at uo other finery. In fact, nothing 
can satisfy tho eye with a greater variety ai.d 
more. When less tnau a year, iuen nun me < 
amount of the principal for one year, and from it 1 
deduct the amouut of the payment from its date 
to the end of tho year, or the sum of their 
amounts, when more than one such payment. 
The third rule deducts from the amount of the 
principal, or debt, at the time of settlement, the 
amouuts of the several payments, from tho dale 
of each to the same time. This rule differs from 
the latter part of the second only as to length of 
time—not being limited, like that, to one year. 
A fourth rule, sometimes used, deducts from the 
amount of the principal, at tho end of tho first 
year, the amouut of tho payment from its date to 
the end of tho year; or the sum of their amounts, 
when more than one such payment. The balance 
forms a new principal, with which proceed as be¬ 
fore for the next year, and so on, computing 
annual interest. This rule is the latter part of 
the second, repeated for each successive year, 
from the date of the note. 
In analysing and comparing these different j 
rules, we shall find that they are all based upon 
different answers to the same fundamental ques¬ 
tion, viz.: When must the interest be paid?— 
Thus the first rule is based on the principle that the 
interest must be paid at every payment—uv often 
as that, and only so often. If the payment be less 
than the interest, the surplus iuteieat is to be 
added to the interest due at the next payment.— 
The second rule is based on the principle that the 
interest must be paid not oftener than once a year, 
but as often as that, or less often, according to tho 
time of the payments. The third rule requires no 
interest till the final settlement The fourth rule 
requires interest annually . 
these rules with reference 
a manner defying description, 
of the pattern of one of these secondaries may 
he obtained from the accompanying illustration. 
WORKING TEACHERS, 
“This is the working world in Nod’s Universe,” 
and we find in every sphere of action that nothing 
great or good can he accomplished without earn¬ 
est, self-denying effort. And the teacher’s life is 
not an exception. Whoever assumes the respon- 
sibilites of a teacher, should do so expecting to 
work. Notonly during the time allotted to school 
exercises. 
TO TRIM A CASE OF STUFFED BIRDS, 
In your last paper, G. F. A., of Palmyra, N. Y., 
wishes to know how to trim a case of Btuffed 
birds. I will say to him, if you want to make a 
tree to set your birds on, procure some wire about 
the size of a common knitting needle, anneal it 
but at all times and in all places, he is 
to have a mind awake, eagerly searching for truth, 
and a heart full of love for bis particular calling. 
First, there is a preparatory work. However 
varied and extensive may lie tho knowledge of a 
teacher, a reviews!, each day, of tho lessons to be 
recited, is necessary, ill order that incidents and 
illustrations that will be of benefit to the pupils, 
may be in mind at the time of recitation. Every 
teacher should also pursue some course of study, 
for in this way he will not only gain much useful 
information and discipline his mind, but also ex¬ 
perience the difficulties of close study, and thus 
be better fitted to assigu lessons to others. 
Next, is the teaching work, which taxes both 
For instance, a 
sometimes purple, accord > ng to tne umeronmgnis 
it is placed in; under the purple there is a trans¬ 
verse streak of gold color. 
Goldkn Pheasant. —Of all the species of 
pheasants which aro met with in preserves and in 
aviaries, the Golden Pheasant (Phasianus pictus,) 
is the rarest and most beautiful. The male bird, 
when in perfect plumage, measures nearly three 
feet in length, of which the tail alone forms about 
two-thirds. The feathers of the fore part of the 
head are very long, silky, and of a bright yellow; 
and considerably overhang those of the hinder 
physical and mental powers, 
teacher has a class numbering from twenty to 
thirty pupils to recite in half au hour. These are 
to he so questioned that the teacher can ascertain 
just the preparation each scholar has made for 
this recitation. Then he is to feed their opening 
minds with such new thoughts as will leave them 
hungering for more. During the whole time, 
close attention is to be paid to the deportment of 
each pupil. And in order to discharge all these 
duties well, in so short a space of time, a teacher 
I must work. In this manner several hours each 
If, again, we compare 
to two subordinate questions which arise, viz.:— 
1st, Shall surplus interest draw interest? 2d, 
Shall a payment draw interest? we shall find that 
the first rule admits neither principle, the second 
rule admits only the second, the third admits only 
the second, and the fourth rule admits both. Now, 
Bince the principles on which these rules arc 
founded are entirely arbitrary, (lor the answers to 
the questions above are entirely arbitrary,) any 
of them may be adopted by private agreement 
between the parties concerned, and consequently 
the rule founded on them will be a just and cor¬ 
rect one. If the courts are left to decide the 
matter, then the rule founded on whatever prin¬ 
ciples they may adopt, will be a just and correct 
one. Thus, if we adopt the principles laid 
down by the Supreme Court of the United States 
viz.: that payments must be applied to keep doum 
the interest, but that neither payment nor interest 
shall draw interest, then the first only will be just 
and correct. If we adopt the principles laid down 
by the Supreme Court of Connecticut, then tho 
worlds sparkle in its canopy. If from this bourne, 
from which the astronomical traveler alone re¬ 
turns, we look upon our course, our own plane- 
Its sun is 
tary system ceases to be perceived, 
dim—itself but an invisible point in the nebulous 
light that Intervenes. Where, then, is our terres- 
tial ball — its oceans—its continents — its moun¬ 
tains—its empires—its dynasties—its thrones?— 
Where is our fatherland,—its factions—its Christ¬ 
ian disunions—its crimes and its unholy wars?— 
Where is our home—its peace—its endearments— 
its hopes—and its fears? Where is a man, the in¬ 
tellectual monad—the only atom of organic life 
that can pierce tho depths, and interpret the 
enigma of the universe?—and yet the only spark 
of a spiritual nature, which disclaims the author¬ 
ity and resists the will of the universal King!— 
They have all disappeared in tho far-off prospoc- 
Thero is also the general work. This includes 
numberless duties. Those who fill the responsi¬ 
ble situation of Principal have a double portion 
to perform, having not only the government of 
pupils not directly their own, hut what often re¬ 
quires more patience, the direction of other 
teachers. But wc are so constituted that work is | 
an element of our being, and therefore necessary 
for our happiness. And though the calling of a 
teacher has peculiar trials, it has also peculiar 
joys. It is the general influence of the teacher 
which impresses his own character most deeply 
on the minds of his pupils. 
And thus the working Christian teacher will 
never lose his reward. He will find it in the ap¬ 
proval of his own conscience, the gratitude of his 
Beautiful Thought. —“Grief and Joy—Hope 
and Fear—Tears and Smiles—Pain and Pleasure 
—are all twins, children of the same mother, 
linked together throughout the whole of humani¬ 
ty. No lot, uo country, no climate, no scene, no 
condition may claim the enjoyment of one, with¬ 
out the rebuking companionship of the other.— 
No cloud, however, is without its inner light The 
blue sky still harbors -behind the gloomy canopy, 
ready with its sunshine, and keeping the sad soul 
from being entirely delivered to despair. No con¬ 
dition is so lowly, as to be without hope ; no sor¬ 
row so poignant aud oppressive, as not to permit 
the consolation of some sweet minister, interpos¬ 
ing at the right moment, with compensation and 
perhaps delight There is no such thing as un¬ 
mitigated evil; as there is no such thing as pleas¬ 
ure aud joy, without cloud or qualification. We 
have only to open our hearts to the smile and sun¬ 
shine; not turn our backs, or shut our ey«s to the 
angelic visitor, who is always sure to stand upon 
the throBhhold, whenever we deserve most need, 
and are willing to give him welcome.— Emerson. 
AN ASTRONOMER’S VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE. 
In wafting ourselves, in imagination, to onr own 
satellite, the Moon—the nearest of our celestial 
bodies—we have passed over a distance equal to 
thirty times the diameter of our globe. In ad¬ 
vancing to the sun, we travel over a distance 
equal to thirty times that of the moon; and be¬ 
fore we reach Uranus, the remotest of the planets, 
we have traversffl% space equal to twenty times 
the earth's distance%rora the sun. Thus placed at 
the limits of a system inclosed in a circle of 
eighteen hundred millions of miles in radius, our 
appreciation of distance would appear to be ex¬ 
hausted, and we seem to be as on the margin of an 
unfathomable abyss. The telescope, however, and 
the mural circle, enable us to span the void; and 
the geniuB of man, proud of the achievement — 
and justly, if humbly proud—has crossed tho gulf 
twelve thousand times the radios of his own sys¬ 
tem, that he may study the nearest world in the 
firmament of heaven. Beyond this frontier lies 
the whole universe of stars —their binary systems 
—their clusters, and their nebulous combinations. 
The observed parallax of one-fourth of a second 
in a Lyra, carries us four times as far into the 
bosom of space; but though beyond this wc have 
no positive measure of distance, it would be us 
unpbilosophicul to assigu limits to creation, as to 
give it an infinite range. 
In this rapid flight into space wc have traversed 
it but in one direction, and tho line which we 
have traced, is but a unit in the scale of celestial 
distance. Creation in its wide panorama is still 
above us, beneath us, and around us. The over- 
second will be the only just and correct rule. 
And so on. 
Hence the foolishness of disputing the justness 
and correctness of any of these rules, without first 
deciding as to the principles to be adopted. I 
will now explain the new method alluded to 
which may he termed the fifth rule, in distinction 
from those already given. 
This rule is based on the principle that interest 
must be paid at every payment; not the interest 
on the whole principal, however, a3 required by 
the first rule, but simply tbe interest due on that 
part of the principal which is then paid, the in¬ 
terest on the balance of the principal remaining 
unpaid. In other words, each payment must pay 
a part of the principal, together with the interest 
due on that part. Thus, if eight months from the 
date of a note, a payment of $520 be made, it will 
pay, at 6 per cent., $500 of the principal, and the 
$20 interest due on that $500. If payment of only 
$ 10.40 be made, it will pay $10 of the principal, 
aud the SO.40 interest due on it. To ascertain^how 
much of each payment is to be applied to the 
piincipal, simply divide it by the amount of $1 ( 
Influence.— Remember tho power of indirect 
influences,— those which distil from a life, not 
from a sudden brilliant effort. The former never 
fail; the latter often. There is good done of 
which wc can never predicate the when or where. 
He that gives good advice, builds with one 
hand; he that gives good counsel and example, 
builds with both; but he that gives good admo¬ 
nition and bad example, builds with one hand and 
pulls down with the other. 
Difficulty is like the panther; look it steadily 
in the face, and it cowers and turns away. 
Every man is the former of his own character, 
which determines individual destiny. 
