RURAL LIFg 
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[ SINGI.K NO. iTOTJIi CKNTS 
KOCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, APRIL 28, I860, 
{WHOLE NO. 537 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
mortar, spread on a cotton doth, about the thick¬ 
ness of a dollar, and apply, securing bv a bandage. 
With the majority of cases, I >r. Dado, after 
opening the abscess, and pressing out as much as 
possible of the morbid accumulations, endeavors 
to stop tho suppurative process, in the following 
manner:—Take a six or eight ounce syringe, and 
inject the cavity several times with tincture of 
iodine; after wlreii, cram into tho chusm a por¬ 
tion of salt and Mood root, equal parts; put a cold 
water pad upon tho eminence, encircle with a 
roller passed around the head and neck, as tight 
as the circumstances will permit. The following 
day remove the bandage, wash, dress, inject a 
small quantity of the tincture of iodine, and 
bandage as before. Follow this treatment for sev¬ 
eral days, and should the discharge have de¬ 
creased, and other symptoms appear favorable, 
the chanccB favor a care. The object in this 
mode is to excite adhesive inflammation, by 
means of which, and external pressure, the sur¬ 
faces of the interior tore glued together. 
Where tho ligamentary, tendinous, and bony 
structures are involved,accompanied with fistulas, 
the only remedy is the knife. The part must be 
laid open, and all fistulous pipes cut out If a 
portion of the bone be diseased, that must also 
be removed. Cleanse with a solution of chloride 
of lime, or pyroligneous acid, bring the edges to¬ 
gether by suture, leaving an opening at the base 
for the discharge of matter. Healing by adhesion 
is the object which must be kept in view. If failure 
is apparent, and the part assume a morbid type, in¬ 
ject and dress with equal parts of spirits of turpen¬ 
tine, pyroligneous acid, and linseed oil. Fir bal¬ 
sam may be used with good effect, when indolence 
and morbidity is the characteristic. As soon as 
a disposition to heal is manifested, dress with 
tincture of aloes and myrrh. While the locality 
of the disease has ita specific attention, do not 
fail to watch the general health, and keep the 
bowels soluble. Sulphur, sassafras, and cream of 
tartar, are the best remedies. 
emerged from the fiery furnace of King NEisrcn- 
ADNKZZ AK. 
Here, where this grass is becoming quite too 
common, particularly on the bottom lands, it is 
generally conceded that all experiments short of 
ppading the ground, and carefully gathering and 
destroying the roots, have proved total failures. 
As the roots arc very tough, and usually cling to¬ 
gether in masses, this plan involves less labor 
than would at first thought, be supposed. 
I have, however, heard it stated, by a very re¬ 
spectable and candid farmer, that he once acci¬ 
dentally killed a large patch of it, by late fall 
plowing; an open winter succeeding, the roofs 
were entirely destroyed by alternate freezing and 
thawing. While I do not question the result in 
this particular case, it. is extremely doubtful if 
the practice would be generally successful,’’ 
powdered bloodroot. All abscesses must be 
punctured with a thumb lancet; their contents 
evacuated by pressure, and syringing them with 
soap-suds, and their cavities must be crammed 
with fine salt. Should any sores or ulcers be ob¬ 
served about the muzzle, mouth, or throat, tinc¬ 
ture of matico is the remedy, or liquid tar; one 
ounce Of the same may be introduced into the 
month of the patient; it will surely do good. 
If the patient be weak and debilitated, tonics 
are indicated; goldenseal, in two drachm doses, 
may be incorporated in the food, in direct ratio 
to the urgency of the case. 
er, softer? If not, he must be bled a second time, 
and until the circulation is once more affected. 
If the animal be somewhat better, yet not t,o the 
extent that could bo wished, the practitioner 
would be warranted in bleeding again, provided 
the sinking and fluttering of the pulse does not 
indicate the commencement of debility. 
“ Tf the pulse be a little quieted, and purging 
has taken place, and the animal is somewhat more 
himself, the treatment, should he followed np by 
tho diligent exhibition of Bodative medicines. A 
drachm and a half of digitalis, and one drachm 
of emetic tartar, and half an ounce of nitre, should 
be given three times every day; and aetons in¬ 
serted in the dewlap. Those of black tiellcbore- 
root arc the best, as producing the quickest and 
most extensive inflammation." 
If ulcers have broken out and the process of 
sloughing commenced, when the practitioner is 
first called in, Yog ATT would dispense with bleed 
ing, but would give physic, which would act both 
as an aromatic and purgative, in order to rouse 
the energies of the digestive system and to get 
rid of the offensive and dangerous matter col¬ 
lected in the intestinal canal. Epsom salts are 
tho best for tho purpose. The enlargements 
about the kaee and elbow, stille and hock, should 
be fomented with warm water; and any consider¬ 
able indurations, especially about the joints, em¬ 
brocated with equal parts of turpentine, harts¬ 
horn, and cumphorated spirit. All ulcers should 
be carefully and thoroughly washed several times 
every day, with a solution of the chloride of lime. 
Half an ounce of tho powder in a gallon of water 
will give a solution of sufficient strength. Tonics 
should ou no account be neglected, but be admin¬ 
istered Birnply to rouse to action the languid or 
almost lifeless powers of tho animal. 
Prevention of this malady is the only cure 
worth notice. A piece of short or inferior keep, 
should be reserved as a digesting place In which 
the cattle may be occasionally turned to empty 
and exercise themselves. Those observed to ad¬ 
vance very fast, may be bled monthly, for several 
months; but occasional purges of ulterative 
mcdiciues would prevent those diseases which 
take their rise in over-repletion and accumula¬ 
tion, and are far better than bleeding. 
Torn we now to the other mode of treatment, 
the great exponent of which, in our country, is 
Dr. Dadd. In the opinion of Dr. D., this is an 
epizootic affection, and, like most diseases of that 
character, its pathology is obscure. Tudced, I)r. 
D. thinks that we know as little concerning its 
Causes as we do about those promotive of cholera, 
influenza, potato rot, etc. The only way to pre¬ 
vent is appearance is to keep cattle in a physio¬ 
logical condition, by proper attention to breeding, 
feeding, rearing, and housing. Animals in a 
perfectly healthy state are certain to enjoy im¬ 
munity from it and other diseases. 
Dr. Dadd considers it unfortunate that Black 
Leg should ever have been classed as an inflam¬ 
matory affection, “for the error has led to a 
system of practice as disastrous as the cattle 
plague." He quotes from Yooatt, (whose mode 
of treatment we have already given,) and wonders 
“how any creature can survive such barbarous 
treatment," Blood-letting and purging have no 
good effect in a disease so prostrating as this, and 
which runs its course to mortification so rapidly. 
Tire proper mode is to furnish life-sustaining 
agents, — not deplete and weaken the animal 
economy. 
The course of treatment pursued by T>r. D,, is 
thus commenced:—Spirits of hartshorn, four 
drachms; tar-water, one quart; tincture of blood- 
root, one ounce. Mix the hartshorn and tar 
water first, then add the blood root. Drencb, 
(No. 1.) The object in giving the hartshorn is to 
decarbonize the blood, and impart healthy stimu¬ 
lus to the nutrient system of blood-vessels and 
nerves. 
Should the animal exhibit any lameness in the 
back or hind quarters, apply, oil of cedar, two 
ounces; sulphuric ether, two ounces; tincture of 
capsicum, one ounce; cod liver oil, six ounces. 
First mix the two oils, then add the ether, and 
shake thoroughly; lastly, add the tincture. The 
object in applying this preparation is to arouse 
capillary action, and thus prevent the engorge¬ 
ments, which, according to the best authorities, 
are everywhere found. 
Four hours after giving dose No. 1, drencb the 
patient with tho following: — Liquid tar, one 
ounce; glycerine, four ounces; thin gruel, one 
quart. This dose maybe repeated, if the urgency 
of the case demands it, at intervals of four hours, 
until symptoms Of improvement are observable. 
The tar is a powerful antiseptic, preventing de¬ 
composition, emphysema, and mortification. 
All sores and ulcers must be dreBsed with pyro¬ 
ligneous acid, and kept constantly sprinkled with 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 
Tub Rural Nkw Yorker is designed to be utiKurpiiRpeii 
in Value, Purity, Usefulness ami Variety of Contents, anil 
unique ar,.I bcaetllu! iu Appearance. ItsComluctor devotes 
his personal attention to tho supervision of its various de¬ 
partments, and earnestly labors to render the Rural :ta 
eminently Reliable Guido on all the important Practical, 
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with tho 
business of those whoso interests it zealously advocates. 
As a Family Journal it is eminently Instructive and Kn- 
tetiainmg—beine so conducted that it can be s*foly taken 
to Uie Hearts aud Homes of people of mUdlup'nce, tasto 
and dlflCr’inlnatlon. it embraces more Ai-riculluml, Horti¬ 
cultural, Scientific, Educational, Literary and News Matter, 
interspersed with appropriate and beautiful Engravings, 
than any other journal, rendering it the most complete 
AUJttCULTCRAI, LlTUURY A NO FAMILY NlCWSP Al'Klt in 
America. 
For Tkrms and other particulars, see last page. 
PLAN FOR A COTTAGE. 
The annexed plan of a house may possibly 
interest a clttBs of readers to whom the more 
costly and highly ornamental plans may be for¬ 
bidden fruit. All tho room in it iH available,— 
there is nono of it intended to bo idle, ami almost 
none occupied by entries or halls. The upper 
story, with a few variations, is finished similar to 
the lower story. The landing at the head of tho 
stairs is inclosed, and has a sash door; the 8. E. 
room is finished for a store room, and the front 
room is warmed by a drum connected with the 
stove below. 
INQUIRIES AND NOTES 
Poll Evil, Clause*" and Remedy. 
Eos. Kpral New-Yorker;— An you are so generous, 
I thought of u„!ilog for one of your many favors. I have 
a mare which ia getting tho Poll Evil, and as it has not 
broken out as yet, I would like to know how to prevent 
its breaking, or what it would he beet to do with it, If it 
should open? A remedy for this evil, from you, or others 
of your readers, would ho thankfully received through 
your paper.—G. G-, Sandusky City, Ohio, i860. 
Poll Evil, as onr readers are aware, is a swell¬ 
ing of an inflammatory character, which, if not 
checked in its earlier stages, will end in an 
abscess and fistula. The nape of the neck is usu¬ 
ally the seat of this disease. Before proceeding 
to a description of the methods of treatment, it 
may be well to allude to some of the causes which 
operate in its production. Low ceilings in sta¬ 
bles are an exceedingly fruitful source. Restless 
horses, thus placed, are very apt to strike the poll 
against the beams or over-head flooring, and fre¬ 
quent repetitions will terminate in induration. 
Throwing, or jerking, the head upward, when 
“ fastened short," causes frequent pressure by hal¬ 
ter and bridle, bruises result, tumefaction and 
suppuration ensue. Fastening the lialter and 
bridle too tight, thus producing excessive fric¬ 
tion, is, probably, the most frequent cause. Sim¬ 
ple as it may seem, the clumsy manner iu which 
the Collar ia put on; or the forcing on of a collar 
too small for tire horse, is often the parent of the 
injury. Lack of care in grooming,—for it is well 
known that the poll isseldom introduced to either 
brush or curry-comb,—causes an accumulation of 
dirt, a cutaneous eruption arises, and the horse 
receives Injury while rubbing himself in order to 
be relieved of the irritation, or itching Bcnsation, 
consequent thereupon. Excessive bracing of the 
head of the horse downward with the martingale, 
produces a pressure which brings the poll under 
a constant strain. These are the principal agents 
in bringing this disease into existence, aud, hence, 
we may adopt the saying of a celebrated veter¬ 
inarian, “Poll Evil results either from neglect or 
abuse." 
Oftentimes, this disease is not perceived until 
an unhealthy suppuration has set iD, when it is 
exceedingly difficult to cure. The form in which 
it first presents itself is that of au oval tumor, hot 
and tender. When in the suppurative stage, and 
the loc *l„n of the matter is deep seated, on 
manipulating the affected part, scarcely any fluc¬ 
tuation is observable, but should the matter lie 
directly under the skin, or in the cellular tissues, 
it may be easily ascertained. 
In the early stages of the disease, Dr. Dadd 
recommends keeping the horse upon light diet, 
giving a dose of cooling medicine, and having 
the diseased part constantly wet, by means of cold 
water bandages. If the tumor be of the indolent 
sort, substitute a solution of salt and vinegar. 
Continue this treatment for a lew days. • If the 
tumor increases, aud has a soft, fluctuaten<r ft-el- 
The nature of the roots, or rather the under¬ 
ground stems, may be learned by those who are 
happily unacquainted with it, by an examination 
of the engraving. Each section of these stems 
will form a strong plant, so that its destruction 
is very difficult. 
Black-Leg—Nature, Treatment, <Sic. 
Will you inform a subscriber tin: cause and cure of 
what we denominate Black Leg in this country? It is 
almost invariably fatal on yearlings with uh, and they are 
tho most liable to bo affected with it. Thus far it has 
defied all attempts at a cure.—A. A. WHBBlkk, Perry, 
Lake Co., Ohio, 1860. 
Who will decide, when doctors disagree? The 
disease known as black leg, is possessed of as 
many names as there are parts of the animal sys¬ 
tem in which it is wont to develop itself. If it 
first appears in the thigh, it is called quarter-ill, 
quarter-evil, black-quarter, joint-murrain, etc.— 
Then, again, our most distinguished veterinarians, 
aud writers upon topics connected with animal 
health, are at utter variance ir> both diagnosis and 
treatment of tho malady. Under such circum¬ 
stances; it may be well to give the rationale of the 
two leading pathological systems, leaviug the 
subject open for the views and experiences of 
Rural correspondents. Yohatt, who is classed 
among the “orthodox veterinary writers," says: 
“Thousands of cattle fall victims every year to 
a disease, which, from its virulent character and 
speedy course, may be termed inflammatory lever. 
A disease of this character, lmt known by a num¬ 
ber of strange yet expressive terms, is occasion¬ 
ally prevalent, and exceedingly fatal among cattle 
in every district. It is termed black-quarter, 
quarter-evil, joint-murrain, blood-striking, black 
leg, shoot of blood, Ac.; aud although it may not, 
at any time, embody all the symptoms of either 
of these diseases, according, at least, as they ure 
understood in some parts of the country, there are 
few cases iu which the prevailing symptoms of 
most of them are not exhibited iu some of the 
stages. 
“The very name of the disease, inflammatory 
fever, indicates the mode of treatment. It a cubo 
of excessive vascular action, the first and most 
important step is copious bleeding. As much 
blood must be taken as the animal will bear to 
lose; and the stream must flow on until the beast 
staggers or threatens to fall. Here, more than in 
any other disease, there must be no foolish direc¬ 
tions about quantities. As much <hlood must be 
taken away as can he got for it ia only by bold de¬ 
pletory measures that a malady can be subdued 
that runs its course so rapidly. 
“Purging must immediately follow. Epsom 
salts are here, as in most inflammatory diseases, 
the best purgative. A pound and a half, dissolved 
in water or gruel, and poured down the throat as 
gently as possible, should be the lirst dose; and 
no aromatic should accompany it. If this does 
not operate in the course of six hourB, another 
pound should be given; and, after that, half- 
pound doses every six hours until the effect is 
produced. 
“ At the expiration of the six hours the patient 
should be carefully examined. Is the pulse slow¬ 
A [angel Wurzel—Plan ting. 
I would like to Inquire through the Rural the bent 
way to grow Mangels, the kind of ground best suited, 
the time to sow them, and the width the drills should be 
apart? Last year 1 sowed about the first of May, ou a 
loamy soil, well mauured,covered the seed about an inch 
deep, and they did not make their appearance above 
ground for over a month. Would like to know the rea¬ 
son, aud how it can be remedied?—H. C. G., London, C., 
W., 1860. 
We would not plant beet seed of any kind, 
without soaking at least twenty-four hours, and 
forty-eight or sixty hours would be still better. 
If kept in a warm room during the soaking,every 
good seed will start, und commence to grow im¬ 
mediately after sowing. We once forgot a lot of 
seed until it had been soaking a week. They 
had grown so much as to show green leaves quite 
distinctly. It was the white sugar beet, aud we 
never before or since grew so fine a crop. Plant 
In rows, from 14 to 15 inches apart in the rows, 
und the rows as near together as possible and 
allow the use of the cultivator. Two or three 
seeds should he deposited in each place, and 
when up, all but the strongest may be removed. 
As the mangel will bear transplanting, any blank 
places may be filled up with these extra plants. 
This is better done ou a moist day. 
4, Living Room, 15 by 16. B, Kitchen, 1*2 by 16. C, Bed 
Room, 10 by 1.0, D, Bed Room, 10 by 12 Ji. E, Closet, 
VA by 8>a. fi'Jt'IT, Closets. 
It is designed for a home for four persons. 
Attached to it arc Bcven acres of land. Cost of 
house, built by contract, including well, cistern, 
and cement cellar bottom, very nearly $1,000. 
The upper windows nro made to slide into a 
hollow wall in the sides of tho house. Roof, 16 
inch projection —plain finished cornice. First 
story, feet in the clear. Second story wall, 5 
feet high. Cellar, 04 feet in the clear. It is 
designed to be ef brick, with a good stone wall 
for foundation, two feet above ground. 
Milan, Ohio, I860, p, H. 
MEASURING AND BUILDING CISTERNS. 
Eds. Rural New-Youkek: —In the construction 
of cisterns, every reader of your journal is doubt¬ 
less interested, hence T present the following 
rules for guidance in tho fabrication of three 
different forms and capacities: 
There are three varieties of cisterns in general 
use, which may be classed under three different 
heads, viz.:—Cylindrical, Cubical, and Conoidic. 
Tho Cylindrical, or first variety, is measured in 
the following manner:—Take the dimensions, in 
inches, of the top aud bottom diameters, and 
depth of cistern; multiply together the diame¬ 
ters thus found, that sum by tho depth, and divide 
the product by 92(14, for barrels. 
The Cubical, or secoud variety, is measured by 
multiplying its sides,—taken in inches,—together, 
and that 311 m by the depth of cistern. Dividing 
the contents thus found by 7276.5, we have the 
amount iu barrels. 
The Cionoidic, or third variety, is measured by 
the following rule: —Take the dimensions in 
inches,—viz., the top aud bottom diameters and 
middle diameter, midway from top to bottom; 
also tho depth of cistern. Add together the 
squares of the top and bottom, semi-diameters, 
aud the square of the whole middle diameter; 
multiply this sum by the depth, and divide by 
13897 for barrels.* 
To find the size of cisterns capable of contain¬ 
ing any given quantity of water, the following 
examples are given: 
Let. it be required to find the size of a cylindri- 
* Should this variety of cistern be elliptical in form, 
find a mean diameter by the following rule:—Add the 
squares of the greater and least diameters together, and 
extract the square root of half their sum. 
Killing Couch or Quack Grass. 
This grass, in some localities, is quite trouble¬ 
some, and eradicated with great difficulty. In re¬ 
ply to a correspondent we expressed the opinion 
that salt would destroy it, if applied in very large 
doses. This opinion was not founded on any ex¬ 
periments with this graaf, but because we hud 
found very few weeds or plants of any kind to 
withstand thorough salting. A correspondent of 
Avon, N. Y., doubts its efficacy in this case, and 
gives his experience as follows: 
“In the Rural, in reply to a correspondent, 
you say that salt will kill quack grass, if enough 
is applied. This assertion I dare not contradict, 
because the quautity of salt to bo used is unlim¬ 
ited; but I must be allowed to throw a shadow of 
doubt npon the theory, by stating an experiment 
which 1 made hist summer. Having an aspara¬ 
gus bod which was being ruined by quack grass, 
and knowing that salt would not injure the aspar¬ 
agus, I covered a part of it with salt, to the depth 
ot two inches; half this plat I spaded up, mixing 
the dressing thoroughly with the soil, andal owed 
the salt on the remaining half to leach by the 
action of dew and rains. The result was the 
same. It killed a fine, thrifty cherry tree, eight or 
ten years old, and several currant bushes, which 
stood near the edge of the bed, (and I am not 
sure that the asparagus escaped unharmed,) but 
the “quack" “still lives,” having passed the or¬ 
deal as triumphantly as the three Israelites 
IRVING. N Y 
