158 
9 
AY 
Id. 
right the first time, you will find that no after- 
plowing improves it any more than after-planing 
to make u board atraigliter after it is once made 
straight. Do what you do, well, and there is no 
necessity of doing it over. I would just as soon 
think of Rending my daughters to school to learn 
to cook where they chunked up their dried beef, 
and then used a Deef-Crusher to smash it, ub my 
sons to learn to chunk up the soil to smash it 
down with a Clod-Crusber. 
Again, Mr. S. says, *'he should infer that Mr. 
Dickinson’s unfavorable opinion arose from its 
rendering the Boil compact; but this objection is 
equally tenable against tho barrow, and even 
more so.’’ Jh this possible in practice, or rational 
with science? Just think, for a moment, of asolid, 
heavy, baked soli turned over, and then a heavy 
iron Clod Crusher rolled over to smash and press 
it down, then cultivated nicely with the Cultivator, 
or Harrow, or both, or the wheat drilled in—com¬ 
pared with the same soil shaved up in a Christian 
manner twelve or fifteen inches deep, and then 
wheat sowed broad-cast and harrowed in in good 
condition. Would not this two feet of chipped- 
up, light, mellow soil, remain so loose and porous 
as to let the air, the great renovator and purifier of 
soils, clear down to the bottom, instead of but two 
or three inches loosened up on the top with the Cul¬ 
tivator, after being pressed down with the Crusher? 
Again, he says, “Mr. I>. has evidently thrown 
away the Crusher without (sufficient consideration; 
this implement is highly prized in England upon 
their heavy soils.” I have a slight impression 
that wheat roots run three, four, and five feet in 
mellow soils, and have been told by those that I 
did not doubt, that they had found some that were 
seven and eight, and one that was ten feet in 
length, which took several daya to dig it out, 
though it did not extend more than two feet from 
the stock in any place. These roots have no 
business where they cannot get air and food; and 
I “consider” that any wheat roots derive great 
advantage by running down twelve or fifteen 
inches over those that run down but two or three. 
They get more and better food, and stand the 
drouth, heat, and cold, much better than the sur¬ 
face roots. And then I have even had tho pre¬ 
sumption to “consider” tho soil in a much better 
condition for all future crops. And although it 
may seem strange to Mr. S., 1 have really “con¬ 
sidered,” from forty years' experience, that when 
thus prepared the ground was in a hundred-fold 
better condition to seed down to grass, especially 
if wanted for mowing; in ettae there was any 
stone, tho soil would be mellow so deep that all 
that wore not so large aa to he in the way of tlic 
plow, oonld lie rolled in with a light roller when 
dry, and the small lumps on top that had not dis¬ 
solved through the winter would easily crumble 
and help to cover the seed, as well as to mulch 
the roots of the wheat. And it may appear more 
strange to Mr. S. that 1 have “considered” that 
if the weather at the time of seeding was very dry, 
and the soil contained all the growing and matur¬ 
ing properties necessary to insure a good crop, it 
might be a good idea to use tho drill; and where 
it lacked one or more important ingredients, or 
was exposed to severe winds in winter, it Jins 
even occurred to me that the gang-plow was 
almost an indispensable implement to leave the 
surface rough to prevent the snow from blowing 
off, and give tnc an opportunity to tar my wheat, 
to fasten to the kernel what the soil lacked — for 
instance, lime. I can fasten with tar a bushel of 
lime to a bushel of wheat, the roots coming 
directly in contact with, and receiving the whole 
benefit I have “considered” the ono bushel 
thus applied quite equal for that crop to fifty 
bushels sowed broadcast; and I can assure you, 
Mr. S., that with forty years’ practice, com¬ 
bined with the little “consideration” that I have 
been capable ot bestowing on the subject, I have 
demonstrated the fact to a certainty that a heavy 
baked soil shaved up twelve or fifteen inches deep, 
may be harrowed, cultivated, drilled, or gang- 
plowed, to suit the season and other contingen¬ 
cies, and leave the soil so mellow that the horses 
will settle in nearly to their knees every step they 
take while performing the work. And yet, I am 
not prepared to say hut that the Clod-Crusher may 
be useful, in some instances, on soils so light aud 
porous that pressing down would be advanta¬ 
geous to them; and I really hope that Mr. S. may 
have the good fortune to discover precisely what 
it may be adapted to—as did the Yankee who 
made a bargain for a certain amount of wages 
with the privilege of a venture to the West Indies. 
On inquiring what lie bad better take, a w T ag (who 
probably had a few to sell,) informed him that 
nothing met with a readier sale there than warm¬ 
ing-pans, which ho accordingly purchased and 
took aboard. The poor fellow was made the 
laughing-stock of the ship's crew'; and yet, to the 
utter astonishment of all, he found a ready and 
advantageous $ale, through for quite a different 
use. They pi*jved just the thing they wanted 
for dipping molasses. 
Once more,—“the Clod-Crusher is highly prized 
in England on their heavy soils.” I begyou, Mr. S. ? 
not to hold me responsible for what they prize in 
England, any more than for the follies of un- 
thoughtfol and classical men engaged in c-ultivat 
ing the soil, who do not know how to plow' any 
better than they do to make hats because they 
happen to wear one. I might tell you, that in 
England, they highly prize the axe made in the 
shape of a wedge with a thick, heavy head, made 
a true taper to the edge, with the eye in the cen¬ 
ter, with a straight oval helve—and 1 might fur¬ 
ther tell you, that the intelligent axe-man of this 
country uses one with a small light poll with a 
wide bit or edge, full under the eye to raise the 
chip, with a crooked helve to give it the right 
pitch, with a nicely-fashioned nuh on the end, that 
he can hold without cramping his hand, — and 
that he can cat with less labor half a cord more of 
wood per day than the best '• Johnny Dull” can 
with his wedge-shaped axe with a mush-stick for 
his handle. And 1 could tell you of implements 
that are highly prized in England, which are of 
great value in this country, and w’ould cheerfully 
do so if it were not likely that yourself or some 
of your enterprising neighbors will have them 
improved and in use before this reaches you. 
As you have only called my attention to its 
usefulness for growing wheat, I will not proceed 
further, as you will find my views at length, of the 
the utter worthlessness of the Crusher for heavy 
baked soils for all other crops, in extracts from 
my addresses delivered before your County, 
Broome, Jefferson, and the Internationa] Fair, 
which are now being published in the Country 
Gentleman. If they are not entirely satisfactory, 
I shall be happy to hear from you again. 
Steuben Co., N. Y., I860. A, B. Dickinson. 
MANTTEING PASTUBES AND MEADOWS, 
Eds Burai, New-Yokkkr: —Under this head I 
find a long article in your issue of March 7th 
Tho writer says:—“We hold it to be Nature’s own 
way of enriching land, to apply the fertilizer, of 
whatever sort it may be, to the surface,—what 
would he termed a top-dressing. Now, while I 
am willing to admit that manure applied as a top¬ 
dressing to grassland is very beneficial, I do not 
believe it enriches the soil as much as it would if 
well plowed in,— say from eight to ten inches 
deep. I believe it is generally understood that 
all growing plants draw the greatest part of their 
nourishment from the soil; hence.it appears to 
me that manure properly mixed with the soil 
must give more food to the roots of any growing 
crop than it would if left, upon the surface, where 
a large port ion would evaporate and pass off in 
the air. Suppose you wanted to enrich a field 
with a crop of clover, would you plow under the 
clover or let it lay on the surface? I@ it not a 
well-established fact that clover will grow much 
better on a deep, rich soil, where the roots can 
strike deep, than on a poor and shallow soil; aud 
if it needs a deep soil to grow in, why not put the 
fertilizer where the roots can strike into it and 
readily draw therefrom the nourishment it needs 
to make a vigorous and healthy growth? It 
seems to me to he much the best way to plow the 
manure under, and in this way enrich the soil, 
than to leave it on the surface for a great part of 
it to dry up and blow away. 
The writer allnded to, speaks of seeing good 
results from keeping sheep for a number of years 
on worn-out land, hut does he not suppose that if 
that same land had been well manured, and plowed 
under, it might have been brought to tho produc¬ 
tion of ft good crop without waiting several years? 
No doubt there are instances where a top-dressing 
may he best; but, as a general rule, it is too much 
like putting food on the top of a hoy’s head to 
make him grow. P. C. Daniels. 
Owego, N. Y., i860. 
THE MOOLY QUESTION. 
Eds. Rural Nkw-Yukkku:—A war of words 
between “ Agitation ” and myself, upon the Mooly 
question, can hut be uninteresting to your readers, 
but as he has misrepresented me, I submit a few 
remarks for insertion or ic-jection as your good 
judgment may decree. 
lie asks the “kind reader” if any new theory is 
advanced, “Bavo that hornless cattle will not die 
with tho hollow-horn, or gore colts and sheep.” 
No pretence was made to advancing anything 
new excepting a favorable notice ot'inoolies. If 
he calls the fart of cattle with horns dying with 
the horn-ail, or their goring colts aud sheep, 
“ new theory,'' lie may have it all his own way for 
peace sake, but they are stubborn old facts down 
this way; aud as to ihe “theory ” of hornless cat¬ 
tle dying with said disease, I am not sufficiently 
versed in cattle medicine to discuss the question, 
but dismiss that point fur waut of satisfactory 
proof, and am quite sure they are none the more 
liable to hollow-horn for not having that article 
on their beads. 1 confess that from his alleged 
cause, of too much “strifti'’ and not enough 
“meal,” I have often seen very hollow hides, but 
whether the head or usual location of horns ever 
becomes hollow, I have not bored to see. 
I am far from saying anything against the 
Short-horns, "all but the horns for, if I mistake 
not, 1 have some of "Farmer P’s” blood (I mean 
his cattle’s blood,) in my stock that gives all the 
good qualities of his "educated” Short-horns, 
and, what is still better, the horns aie exchanged 
for additional intellectual qualities, and, therefore, 
are sufficiently wise without being “educated” 
for the purposes I design them. 
I am feeding two calves from the milk of one 
mooly, aud presume, should I allow her own calf 
only to “nurse till October," he would be similarly 
prepared to make the deceptive shotv that has 
carried off many premiums at the fall fairs— 
attributed to the "breed,” without considering 
the keeping, which lias done far more to raise- 
horned heads to their present favor, than their 
horns, however short they may he. This mooly 
is too young and valuable to be prepared with 
“corn aud meal ” for beef, or she would be up for 
matching “Agitation’s” figures on his old cow. 
I hold fast to my first position, and still wait to 
learn if any one can say sufficient against well 
t>red moolies to subject them to any real disrepute. 
Clyde, N. Y., April, I860. W. 
HOW TO EAISE CALVES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yokker;— This is a subject of 
some importance to farmers, in all sections of our 
country. If we can save one or two dollars in 
raising a calf, by adopting one mode in place of 
another, and have them just as good, we should 
be very foolish did we not try to save the dollar. 
I have had some experience, and will give the 
plan 1 have adopted for the past fifteen or twenty 
years. 
Feed your cow at least three weeks before she 
comes in, but not with light, (lashing stuff. Equal 
quantities of corn and oats, ground together, I 
think is the best. I have no recollection of hav¬ 
ing any trouble when I attended to them in this 
way, but when I neglected it I have. When the 
cow comes in, I tie the calf up in tho stable, let¬ 
ting the cow in as often as I please, at the same 
time milking what I think the calf does not want, 
then strip into my hand and wash her udder all 
over, as long as I can get any milk. I think this 
is the best thing to take the fever out. Continue 
in this way until the milk is fit to use, then take 
the calf away from the cow as far as you can, and 
tie it up. This is better than to let it run Ioorc, 
as it will soon get tame, and then is the time to 
learn it to lead so that it never woII forget 
The first feeding I give the calves good milk. 
If I attend to It myself, I can generally have them 
drink without the finger, the second or third time 
feeding. We set onr milk in the morning aud 
skim it at night for the calf; warm it about as 
warm as when taken from the cow, and no warm¬ 
er. in a short time I let the milk stand as long 
as necessary to get all the cream, then, In tjie 
morning, when we bake buckwheat cakes for our 
breakfast, we bake four or five for the calf, put 
them in the milk and mash them up fine. Old 
crusts of bread are just aB good. Calves will eat 
hay a great deal yonnger than most people are 
aware of, commencing, a little at a time, when 
they are a week old, and it ought always to be 
kept in reach so that they can take a spear when 
they want it. 
When I turn them out to grass, I prefer their 
being where they cun get no water, for tho icason 
that they will frequently choose the water and re¬ 
fuse to drink the milk, which is Bour at that sea¬ 
son of the year. I have seen calves, but a few 
minutes before they were fed, go to the water and 
drink, seemingly, all they could, then if they 
drank their milk it would certainly do them more 
harm than good, for it would cause them to bloat, 
or give them the scours. If I have plenty TcTgivc 
them, I feed them three times a day, and Bin care¬ 
ful never to give them too much at once. I feed 
them as late in the fall as I have milk to spare, 
then give them good feed, and enough of it, al¬ 
ways after. This mode 1 will warrant to produce 
good cattle. a. b. 
Union Springs. Cayuga Co., N. Y., 1860. 
txural Spirit of % }pr£3s. 
({nick and Steady Milking. 
A very successful dairyman writeB to the 
New England Farmer, tliat odd of the greatest es¬ 
sentials in the management- of cows is good milk¬ 
ing:—“Each cow should have a steady milker, 
be milked as fast as possible, and all the milk 
drawn. I am satisfied that there is a loss of one- 
third in many dairies, by the lazy, haphazard way 
in which cows are milked. I have known persons 
to sit down in the milking-yard and go through 
with some long yarn, and be from ten to twenty 
minutes milking one cow, when it should he clone 
in less than five.” 
Setting Fence* I’osis. 
A WRITER in the Ohio Cultivator says that he 
can set posts better and far more rapidly by 
driving with a maul or iron sledge, when the 
ground is just free from frost, and still wet and 
soft, than by digging holes. His posts are sawed 
seven feet long, aud four by livo inches iu size, 
and then taieliilly and regularly sharpened, so as 
to put the “ top end down.” The posts are held 
steady or turned, when necessary, by using a long 
handled Iron wrench, and made just large enough 
to slip over the top of the post. On loamy or 
clayey land, free from large stone, posts can be 
driven with great expedition, and will stand 
firmly, the earth around them being well packed 
by the crowding of the post. 
How to Destroy the Pen Hug. 
The Ohio Farmer has an article from the pen 
of Prof. Kiutland, in which chloroform is re¬ 
commended for destroying tho larva; of this pest 
This agent has been thoroughly tested by the 
Professor, aud the following plan adopted: 
“ The eggs of that insect are deposited in the 
pea while it is yet young and tender. About the 
period when the pods become dry, the young 
larva are batched, and commence depredating 
on the cotyledon of the vegetable. That is the 
moment to be improved for arresting tliepvogress 
of the evil- The seeds should be shelled from the 
pods, and placed in a suitable botlle, closed ves¬ 
sel, or box. On them should be sprinkled a few 
drops of chloroform, which should be extensively 
shaken. This should then be corked, aud every 
specimen of insect witbin it will probably be, de¬ 
stroyed in twenty minutes’ time; but, to render 
the process perfectly successful, it is well to con¬ 
tinue the peas in their enclosure for twenty-four 
hours, or longer. Seed peas, thus treated, will 
show on examination a mere speck at the point, 
occupied by the young worm. But the advan¬ 
tages of this process will be most observable 
when the plants from these seed peas make their 
growths next season. They will be far more vig¬ 
orous and healthy than those starting from seeds 
which have been extensively excavated by that 
depredator. By this method we can annually 
preserve the seeds, aud perpetuate the cultivation 
of the fine varieties of this vegetable, in this vi¬ 
cinity, without resortingto foreign importations.” 
Cattle Disease iu England. 
rule, it is incurable, but that it can frequently be 
prevented, and would be so, were sanitary meas¬ 
ures adopted by the legislature to limit the con¬ 
tagion.” It will he seen by the above statement 
that there is a perfect agreement between intelli¬ 
gent gentlemen on both sides of the Atlantic in 
regard to the proper method of arresting the 
spread of the “pest to herds.” 
Inquiries ani) ^.nstners. 
Patent Wise Fencing.—I wish to inquire if anv of 
tb» Rural renders have tried the Patent Lowell Wire 
Fencing; nnd. -.f so, what are the ir opinions of its merits, 
or demerits.—J. B. Potter, Madison, Lake Co,, O., I860. 
Enquiry—I iow to Mend India Rnnnr.r. Boots.—C an 
any ot your correspondents inform ns how we may mend 
cracks in our India rubber boots. An un«wt-r would be 
very valuable to most fanners, as many of them wear 
such boots, and they soon crack in the instep.—I nquirer. 
I’kkoiVAL'R Veterinarian. — Can I be informed, 
through the Rural, where Pkucival'8 Veterinarian 
and Hippopalhologv cati be obtained, and the price.— 
C M. 51., Jackson, Wash. Co., A. K, 18<J0. 
The work of W. Percivai. was first issued in London 
about tile year 1800 nnd, we doubt not, eonld be obtained 
through some of the New York Publishing booses 
(Messrs. Saxton, Barker k. Co,, for instance,) who would 
import it if it cannot he found on their shelves. We 
cannot say what would he the price. 
Scab in SHEET. —I am pleased to any to you that my 
sheep have not got the scab, Some Hocks In our neigh¬ 
borhood had commenced pulling their wool, and scratch¬ 
ing, ns has already been described in Run a t., and not 
knowing wbat the diseaso was. I was requested to write 
for a description and cure, We wished a description of 
the disease, as well as cure. 1* it caused by an insect, or 
is it an infectious disease? If it is a contagion, do sheep 
get it by the smell, or by corning in rout-net with the 
infection? We would like to sec the a bore (mentions 
answered by one of experience and intelligence. Such 
information might prove of use in future to some, of the 
readers of tli(i Rural Your plan of selling the sheep 
would be objectionable to those who have valuable 
breeds. Can there net be something given, or rubbed on 
the sheep, as a preventive to contagion?— James II. 
Me Mall, North Star, Wash. Co,, Pa. 
The queries of our correspondent have been briefly 
replied to through our columns, and wo leave the sub¬ 
ject, for fuller responses, in the hand* of sheep-breeders 
throughout the country. 
Inquiries about Jutculmi.— How can 1 construct a 
ditch through a bed of quicksand, lying some two feet 
Imlow the surface, and generally one loot in thickness, 
the bottom of the ditch being mostly through the sand, 
on a gravelly strata' 1 opened the ditch twice, and left 
the sides to “ slidi*," which was generally done the first 
heavy rain, filling the ditch half full, I dug it open the 
third time last fall, and laid a throat, or culvert, with 
stone, in the best manner possible, with such .--tone iu we 
have here, {cobble,) but it tilled up before spring, aud 
the water run over. Now I have exhansted nearly alt 
my ideas on said ditch, besides some labor Uow will it 
work to get tile and lay on a board; This is my last 
resort. Wl-at sized lilt; Two inch will carry off the 
water in ordinary times. In the spring I)nods, it would 
require fotiT inch tile. Will it answer to let u flood of 
water dam up, and work oil by degrees through smaller 
tile- The large ij|« are rather expensive here llow 
can 1 lunke a ditch through a tnsr.-di of muck; Would 
you advise mi open ditch? I would like it covered a part 
of the way at least. Air", how uonr and how deepslieiild 
ditches be to drain a piece of wet, marshy land, with u 
still clay subsoil? Will ditches, two rods apart and two 
feet deep, answer the purpose?—T. P. II. . Farmington , 
Mich., I860, 
Such practical inquiries as the above bring out 80 
many important facts, learned from actual experience, so 
many statements of success and failure, and the causes 
of both, that we like to appeal to our readers to help 
each other out of difficulty. Who will come to the relief 
of oui Michigan friend? 
Tns April number of the Veterinarian, a Brit¬ 
ish journal of Veterinary Science, has an article 
on the necessity of legislative enactments to 
limit the spread of contagious diseases among 
cattle. The writer speaks of pleuro pneumonia 
as the present pest of English herds, and says that 
no correct opinion can be given even of the num¬ 
ber of animals which, are the subjects of that mal¬ 
ady at any one time, nor of its location. He re¬ 
commends that steps he taken to register these 
losses, with a view of their being made public, so 
that the government machinery may he set at 
work to carry into practice such sanitary meas¬ 
ures as are indispensably necessary to preserve 
the health of those animals which furnish food 
and clothing to the people. That the spread of 
this disease is due to its infections nature, few will 
he found to dispute, and this without lessening 
any opinion they may entertain of the inlluence 
of secondary causes in its production. We infer 
that the cattle malady exists in England to a con¬ 
siderable extent, as the article before us says, “we 
are continually hearing of its ruinous effect to in¬ 
dividuals.” On all sides, the British editor says, 
the question is asked, “what can be done to cure 
the disease?” He adds, “and gloomy are we 
looked upon when we reply, that, as a general 
Agricultural itlisceUanu. 
Loss of the Turnip Seed Crop in Encland.—B y 
private advices recently received from England, and also 
from the Trade Circulars of the Seedsmen, we learn that 
the early frosts of October last caused an almost total 
destruction of the turnip, cabbage and cauliflower plants 
which had been reserved for seed. In consequence of 
this there is quite a panic among the seedsmen, and a 
great advance in price. From one of the Trade Circulars 
we extract the following: 
41 (ftntlt.mr.n —As the spring advances the effect*, of the 
severe frosts of last October and those subsequent be¬ 
come apparent ill the all but total deetruetian of plants 
of the Braarica tribe. The whole of t&e plant* (Handing 
for *eed of Brocoli, Cabbage, Cale, CauliUooer a id Tur¬ 
nip. have been swept away; plants that had the appear¬ 
ance of life are lound now to be deatroyed by the frost. 
A* soon as the finer weather set tho sap in (notion, the 
condition ot tho plant became apparent The conse¬ 
quence that follow m is. tint all prospect of seed from any 
of those plants is pone*, and it is not only tor this year 
the supply is cut on, but for next year also." 
Nearly all the turnip and cabbage seed us--d in this 
country is imported from England The climate is no 
donbt better adapted to its growth than that of our own, 
but that good turnip seed can be grown in this country, 
we havo abundant evidence. In consequence of the 
destruction of the roots derigned for seed the present 
season, prices have doubled, and a still further increase 
is anticipated. Every farmer, therefore, who lias a few 
bushels of turnips kept over, should plant them out for 
seed. It will be found a paying investment. We have 
gardeners here who have grown turnip seed for their 
own use, much preferring it to the imported seed. As a 
general rule, high and airy locations are the best. 
Potatoes from Michigan.—T ho following note, ac¬ 
companying a box of potatoes, was received a few days 
since from J. W. IIelme, Adrian. 5Iicb.; 
• I take the liberty of sending you pome potatoes. 
Floaso name those in the smull boxes. Those loose in 
the largo box are a seedling from the Mercer, originated 
iu thi; county, and called the “Shaw," They are very 
productive, free from disease. arid one week earlier than 
the Early June, and so closely resemble the Mercer they 
are often sold for them, Those 1 send you were raised 
oil black soil They are superior when produced on 
sandy ground." 
The Shaw, which bears evidence of its parentage, is a 
large potato, aud if of good quality anil ns early as rep¬ 
resented, is almost invaluable. We have nothing like 
it, and it will be 80 ught by all market gardeners, and 
farmers in the neighborhood of large cities, an the most 
valuable of all early varieties. But we fear our corres¬ 
pondent is mistaken in his comparison, as wo cannot 
believe lie lias the true Early June. This variety, if 
planted is entirely ripe by the middle or last of 
July; buries small, aud like all very early sorts, produ¬ 
ces but a pour crop, so that unless it is grown early, so 
that it will sell at from 7* r > ceiiti to $1 a bushel, it will 
not pay. A portion of those sent us we planted in our 
garden, with Early June, Mountain June, Six Weeks, 
and other early sorts, and shall be able to compare them. 
Of the specimens sent us for name, No. 1 is the Black 
Mercer; 2, Carter; 3, looks Romowhat like wbat is called 
here Scotch Gray, but may not he tiiat variety; 1 is the 
New England Seedling, at least it is known here by that 
name, but bow it was obtained, or any fact* in regard to 
its history, we have never been able to learn; 5, we think 
must he J’rinco Albert. So little attention is given to 
ascertain the true names of varieties of potatoes, and 
persons take such uu.iustiliable liberties In giving new 
name* to sorts already named, that there is great confu¬ 
sion on the subject. 
Wash for OUt-kuildings.—C an yon give mo, in the 
Kpisal, a recipe for mixing a whitewash for out-build¬ 
ings;—N. B Dana, Wapello Co., Iona. 
Take a barrel and slake in it carefully, with boiling 
water, half a bushel of fresh lime. Then fill the barrel 
two-thirds full of water, and add one bushel of hydraulic 
lime or water cement Dissolve in water aud add three 
pounds of sulphate of line, (white vitriol,) stirring the 
whole to incorporate it thoroughly. The wash should 
be of the consistency of thin paint, and maybe laid on 
with a whitewash or other brush. The color is pale 
stone coloi. nearly white. If you wish it to he straw- 
color add yellow ochre, two pounds in powder; if drab, 
add four pounds raw umber, 
Another good wash is made as follows;—Slake lime 
with hot water, in a tub, to keep in the steam. When 
dissolved, and iu a half fluid state, pass it through a fine 
seive. Take six quarts of this lime and one quart of clean 
rock ffllt for each gallon of water—the salt to he dissolv¬ 
ed b.v boiling, and the impurities to he skimmed off. To 
five gallons of this mixture, (salt and lime,) add one 
pound of alum, half a pound of copperas, three-fourths 
of a pound of potash, (the Inst to be added gradually.) 
lour quarts of fine sand, or hard wood ashes. Add color¬ 
ing matter to suit the fancy. 
A correspondent of the Country Gentleman gives the 
following- — One bushel unslaked lime; half a gallon 
salt; three pounds alum, powdered; three pounds salera- 
tus. Mix and put in a tight barrel with one head out 
If the lime is quite fresh. Cold water—if not, then use 
hot water. Keep stirring while slaking, adding water as 
required, so as not to become dry at any time. If it 
heats dry it becomes lumpy, and must not be overflowed 
with water so as to prevent the slaking going on. Stir 
up well from the bottom. IVlien finished it may he 
thick as mush. When to be applied by a brush, make 
the mixture the consistency of whitewash—about the 
thickness of cream. Apply the first coat very thorough¬ 
ly, filling every crack or interstice between the bricks 
or In the boards. For wooden fences a second coat of 
the same material is all that is required. Those who 
desire to have some other color than white, can add 
coloring matter to tuste. 
For Prick JIouses.—Tor the second coat, add to the 
first-named materials twelve pounds melted tallow, aud 
mix aa before. This coal is impervious to water—is 
brighter, looking clean longer than paint, and preserves 
the cement between the bricks better than paint. 
Terra.Cultural Honors Disclaimed.— In answering 
an inquiry, the New England Farmer says the term Ter¬ 
ra- Culture “ haa been in use for several years in connec¬ 
tion with a system of Mr. Bussell Comstock, of Western 
New York." Gov. Brown is mistaken. The self-styled 
“ Professor" aud “great discoverer" is not a Western 
New-Yorker. The people of this region have some re¬ 
gard for their and its reputation, and we are confident 
would ignore the glory and honor of the nativity of 
either said theory or Its pretended originator. They can 
bear much, — such as being cluirged with harboring the 
original prophets of Mormonisra, Spiritualism, etc.,— but 
the idea of becoming sponsor for the most obtuse donkey 
in Christendom, is unendurable ! Spare us that infliction, 
brother Brown, and we cw cot what else betides, 
— Speaking of Torivi-Cnlture, we observe that its agita¬ 
tor recently asked the House of Representatives to pub¬ 
lish his pretended “discoveries,’’ whereupon a mem¬ 
ber very truthfully characterized it as " the most unmiti¬ 
gated humbug ever introduced to the decision of Con¬ 
gress," and the resolution was not entertained,—an indi¬ 
cation that Congressmen, with all their faults, possess 
both gumption aud discrimination. 
State Agricultural Colleob.— An adjourned meet¬ 
ing of the Trustees was held at the College Farm House, 
in Ovid, a few days ago, mainly for the purpose of re-or¬ 
ganizing the various committees, and providing means 
for tho successful completion of what has already been 
begun. Maj. M. R. PATRICK, Jas. 0. SHELDON, and B. N. 
Huntington, were appointed Executive Committee, and 
Wm. Kelly, E, G. Fails, and B. N. Huntington, as 
Finance Com. J. B, Williams and Arad Joy were con¬ 
stituted a committee to examine and calculate measure¬ 
ments and cost of College edifice according to contract. 
In giving the proceedings the Albany Journul remarks 
that “the meeting afforded ample encouragement that 
the Stale Agricultural College of New York will soon be 
a reality—a growing institution for the development of 
the agricultural resources of this .State,” 
The Timber Question, again.— In a late number of 
the Rural, “A Subscriber” inquires how many feet of 
boards are contained in a log thirty feet long, two feet 
square at one end, and one foot square at the other,— 
aud by what rule it is ascertained. Said log contains 810 
feet of boards, and is ascertained by analysis, or the 
common sense rule. The contcuts are found by multi¬ 
plying the length into the breadth and depth of the 
middle of the log, which will be 30 feet, or 860 inches, 
multiplied by IS inches, (the average breadth of the log,) 
which will be 6,480 inches, multiplied by 18 inches, (the 
average depth of the log.) which gives 116,640 inches, 
divided by 144 inches, (the Dumber iu a square foot,) 
gives 810 fc-et, board measure.—WM. H. H. S. S. C,, Ya- 
phank, J.. L, I860. 
Profits of Sheep Husrandry.— An Ohio farmer, J. 
W. Worcester, Of Lorain Co., shows how wool growing 
pays those who manage properly. He says:—“ Lust sea¬ 
son 1 clipped 250 sheep; the wool sold for $552. I have 
sold within the year 74 sheep, which is equal to the num¬ 
ber of lambs raised, for $814, making $1,366, My sheep 
are ol the Spauhdi Merino breed, and mostly ewes; a few 
bucks and wether*. 1 have kept sheep for the last 
twenty years, and consider it the most profitable business 
a farmer can engage iu.” 
Premium on Shade Treks.— The Summit County (0.) 
Ag. Society has offered a premium of $15, for the best 
twenty-live Forest Trees, which shall have been planted 
at the roadside since the last Annual Fair, their condition 
at the time of inspection being included, and the compet¬ 
itors to give their modes of planting. Scarcely anything 
could add more to the beauty of our rural thoroughfares 
than such additions, aud if similar premiums were offered 
and competed for throughout the couutry, the iufiuence 
Could not but prove beneficial. 
The Scratches —Plense tell W. D. to take four ounces 
of fine gunpowder, lay it on a (date, and, with an iron 
spoon, grind the powder fine; then melt half a pound 
clean lard, mix together, and apply every morniDg. rub¬ 
bing the parts affected well with the hand. Wash every 
evening with soft water, as warm as the horse will bear. 
Fse Castile soap freely. When ihe legs are clean, till 
the hair full of soap, rub it to a lather with the band 
and leave until niornrog. Then apply the ointment,feed 
a little sulphur, resin, and purified saltpeter, equal parts 
by weight, well pulverized. You may drive in the mud, 
but don’t drive iu cold brooks.—JI., Pompey , ,Y. X. 
Monroe Co. Ag- Society —The Annual Fair of this 
Society is to be held on The 26th, 27th, and 28th of Sep¬ 
tember. The premium list, regulations, etc., will soon 
be published. The Society is al.-o to have a Horse Show 
and Holiday Exhibition on the 4th of July, as previously 
announced. 
The Brock pout Union ao. Society announces* Floral 
Fair and Horse Show, to be held June 2d. Liberal pre¬ 
miums are offered, good committees appointed, and sensi¬ 
ble rules adopted. The Fall Exhibition is to take place 
Oct. 2d and 3d. 
Tui; copious rains aud warm weather of last week were 
very favorable to vegetation, and all Nature presents a 
beautiful aud progressive panorama. 
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