come to the other row, wherein the small seta were 
planted, anil these forty-two seta yielded upon the aver¬ 
age two lbs. each (the largest weighing four lbs.;) ao, 
taking the remaining thirty seta at the last avernge it 
will be a very heavy crop; indeed a much heavier crop 
than we could grow of potatoes, even if they wero all 
sound. We also grew a piece of yams in our poor, light, 
sandy ground; this was only trenched two feet deep, 
with a moderate coat of farm-yard manor". Many of 
these were very small sets indeed, and not planted until 
the last week of April, one foot apart between tbo rows, 
and about nine inches in the row; these were left to take 
their natural course without any sticks to climb upon. 
When taken up the largest weighed one pouud, and the 
yield WftB about three bushels per rod, We aro pleased 
to find numbers of our customers are just beginning to 
appreciate this useful esculentG’«r</ Chron, 
Massachusetts IIORTiout.Tr it a h Society.— 1 This So¬ 
ciety opened their new hall in Boston on Wednesday 
w«ek, with a rare exhibition of plants and (lowers. The 
collections were remarkable in number and variety. 
Hall was evidently talking about another variety, did 
not refer to the Western Baldwin, but to the apple No. 
1, presented yon with the Western Baldwin. — B. G. 
Buell, I.iltle. Prairie Rondt, Midi. 
THE GOOSEBERRY AND CURRANT SLUG. 
To aid in this work, it is well to scrape off the 
old, rough, mossy outside bark. Then wash with 
soft soap, using a good stiff brush. Such a course 
will seldom fail to resuscitate an old tree. 
All pruning should he done for some purpose. 
It is loolisn to enter an orchard with an axe and 
saw, and chop and ent from a sense of duty, just 
because you have an idea that trees need pruning. 
Trees that have been well cared for, will never 
need very severe pruning, and there will never be 
a necessity for removing large limbs, as all that 
are in a wrong position will be removed when 
yotiug. The best time for pruning, we think, is 
early in the spring. Yet the removal of a few 
shoots at any time in the growing season, will 
not he productive of evil. 
Trees that make an ample growth and compact 
head, may be made more spreading and open by 
removing the central leading shoot. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— For two seasons 
past niy gooseberry bushes have been infested 
with the green worm described in a late number 
of the Rubai- Last season they were exceedingly 
numerous, and I tried various means to destroy 
them; but it seemed that for every one I killed, 
an hundred came and took his place, I dually 
abandoned the contest iu despair, and ray bushes 
being entirely stripped of their foliage by the 
little voracious pests, of course I got no fruit. 1 
had about resolved to dig up my bushes and plant 
ihe ground with something else, hut in the tall 
they had agaiu put on their green leaves, and 
looked bo thrifty, that I concluded to spare them 
one year more. But, again, this spring, about 
the time the bushes were in blossom, the little 
rascals appeared in immense numbers, and I had 
come to the conclusion that gooseberry pies and 
tart would be scarce with us, when, in looking 
over some old numbers of the Rural, I noticed 
that lime was recommended as a remedy. I im¬ 
mediately sifted fresh air slaked lime over all my 
bushes, while the dew was on in the morning, 
and in about an hour afterward I found the 
ground under them literally covered with the 
worms, where they shortly perished. In about 
three days anew brood, but in diminished num¬ 
bers, appeared, and commenced operations. 
These, also, I gave a taste of the lime, and they, 
in turn, shared the fate of their predecessors. 
Since then, and up to the present date, I have not 
been able to Mud a single worm upon my bushes, 
winch are green and thrifty, and are loaded with 
fruit My success with the lime has been so com¬ 
plete, that I feel impelled to ask you to give it 
another publication, so that others may know a 
njetms whereby to save this excellent fruit from 
Jt'siriiotiofL The remedy is so cheap and simple, 
that it ought to bo known universally. 
And now permit me to ask you a question. 
Will strawberry vines planted on the outside 
border of a cold grapery, be injurious t.o the 
grape vines? ditto, if planted among dwarf fruit 
trees. B, 0. DAVID. 
I'kkskkving Strawiikukiks. — Will you please Inform 
urn through your paper, whether strawberries can he 
Bdftfly put up iu fruit-preserving jars? How is it done, 
anil what kind of jars is beat? Many iu this section who 
tried the experiment last year, lost their fruit,—A Suu- 
BOUIUEU. 
Any of the glass jars that eau he sealed conveniently, 
will answer. All that is necessary is to scald the fruit 
until near boiling, then put it in the Jars, which should 
bo warm; then seal down immediately; and be sure this 
Is done bo that no air can enter, or they will spoil. 
Strawberries are more difficult to preserve thau any 
other fruit,—at least this ia our experience. 
PRUNING APPLE TREES. 
horticultural Notes, 
Tub Feather Bl'ku.—a correspondent of the Oar - 
dt net's Uonthl «/, In describing what he saw in a recent 
visit to the National Botanic Garden and Conservatory 
at Washington, speaks thus encouragingly of an ever¬ 
green shrub, recently introduced from the Becky Moun¬ 
tains: —“ The exeefleut and polite superintendent, Wm, 
K. Smith, pointed out to me an evergreen small tree or 
shrub, received a few years since from the Rocky Moun¬ 
tains, viz., the Cercutuirpus ledifoliu s, or Feather Bush, 
of Nut tall. It has been found to be perfectly tiardy here, 
having stood uninjured several remarkably severe win¬ 
ters. 
THE PALMER WORM. 
CAKES, REMEDY FOR ERYSIPELAS, &c. 
loss bow to shape the top. As between high and ^ 
low, I incline to the low. The fruit is easier ^ 
picked, fewer weeds and grass will grow, the tree 
stands stronger, the trunk has more protection. g 
Suppose you and a plow, and a cart and oxen, and t 
other questionable commodities can't circulate ; 
freely under the branches—all right, you hadn’t 
ought to. Yon certainly can reach as many ap- j 
pies from the ground as thongh the tops were 
high np, and you can get Into the top and through j 
it quite as easy. 1 have seen trees so low and 
spreading as to mutch the ground with their limbs, 
and exclude the grass and weeds, so as to render 
cultivation of the soil comparatively unimportant ] 
The Russet, Greeoing, &c., come down quite , 
easily, bnt the Northern Spy and other upright 
growers are brought into shape with great tribu¬ 
lation. Every apple grower should inform him¬ 
self of the tendency of the branches of the several 
sorts. Starting some as low aa possible, and 
trimwiug others (the Rnsset, for instance,) about 
four feet from the ground. I am iu doubt, whether 
to retain a leader in the center, from w hich the 
branches shall diverge, making the top like a 
potash kettle wrong side up; or whether to cut 
out the center branches, leaving it open in the 
middle for the admission of light and heat, Like a 
potash kettle right side np. I suppose the greater 
the surface exposed to the sun the better, provid¬ 
ed the tree is equally strong and productive. 
1 just thought that I would consult Mr. Barry’s 
“ Fruit Garden.” I mean his hook, for I wanted 
to know what his theory was—if we go to follow¬ 
ing men's practice we’ll all go to perdition in a 
batch. Well, there it is. He has got a tree 
pictured on the back, with the trunk or stem 
running as straight as a string quite to the top. 
I move to refer the matter to “ Committee of the 
Whole,''—hut I'll look inside of the book,— I 
seldom of late commit such an indiscretion. I 
find a chapter on pruning, from which I extract 
a few hints,—and first, I beg leave to take the 
starch out of my l'elluw citizens by quoting:— 
“More than three-fourths of the bearing fruit 
trees in the country at this moment are either 
lean, misshaped skeletons, or the heads are perfect 
masses of wood, unable to yield more than one 
bushel of fruit in ten, well matured, colored and 
ripened.” Yerily it is time to agitate. Mr. Barry 
says:-"It has been shown that the formation of 
new wood depends on the elaborating process 
carried on in the leavcB,” (I suppose if the worms 
eat all of the leaves off, the tree wont grow much 
then,) “and that this process can be maintained 
only in a free exposure to the eun and air; this 
being the ease, it is obvious that any part of the 
tree excluded from the action of these agents, 
cannot keep pace in growth with other parts to 
Mr. Barky then 
Glen Cotta os Cake.—T wo enps sugar; one of 
butter; four of (lour; one-half of sweet milk; one- 
half of cream; the whites of live eggs; one toa- 
spoonfal of soda; one of cream tartar. Excellent 
Curk for Erysipelas.—B eat raw cranberries 
to a paste, and bind on the parts affected. 
Sure Cure for HYnuopnoisu. —Steep the in¬ 
side bark of the white ash, give the patient as 
much as he can drink, and bathe the wound 
with it 
Park Cake.— Two cups molasses; one of sugar; 
one of chopped pork; three of Hour; one spoon 
soda. 
Write Wedding Cake—O ne pound flour; one 
of pulverized loaf sugar; three-fourths oi a pound 
of butter; whites of ten eggs; two nutmegs; oil of 
lemon. Mrs, Clementine Case. 
Ellington, N. Y., 1860. 
mcr, but now multiplied one unnurea to one. n is 
two inches in length and one-eighth iu diameter, 
when full grown, of a rusty black color, with two 
rowe of yellowish white spots on each side of the 
back —body sparsely bristled, head brown, six 
legs before and armed with several hooks, four 
legs or protuberances behind, incasing two pha¬ 
langes of daws resembling those on the fore feet 
of the mole, which are protruded or contracted 
in a sheath, at pleasure, like the claws of a cat. 
performed by extending the 
To Make Opkdeldoc— Take the best Castile 
soap, two ounces; gum camphor, one ounce; 
alcohol, one pint,— mix the soap with the spirits, 
and let them stand in a moderate heat until the 
soap is dissolved, occasionally shaking the vial,— 
then add the camphor, and -continue to shake the 
vessel frequently until the whole is dissolved. 
Useful in sprains, bruises, and in rheumatic pains. 
—A. Anukk, Fulton Co., Ohio, i860. 
Clay Cakes.— Three cups of sugar; one cup 
of butter; one enp of sweet milk; six eggs; two 
teaspoons of cream tartar; one teaspoon of soda. 
The whites or the eggs beaten to a froth, and 
Hour added to make of tho usual consistency.— 
Jennie Sedgwick, Hath, N. K, I860. 
Its locomotion is 
head and then drawing the body forward, forming 
an arch or ljink in the back, similar to the com¬ 
mon striped measure or span worm; its span 
is about one inch. 
In their habits these worms differ from the 
caterpillars, never nesting as do the latter, but 
disperse themselves promiscuously over the tree, 
devonring the leaf, and each one spinning after 
Upon shaking or jaring the 
it a single thread 
tree they suddenly let go and fall a few feet, 
being snspended by their web, head upward. 
If suffered to remain suspended, they in a few 
minutes commence ascending by the web; but if 
they break loose and fall to tho ground, they make 
for the butt of the tree, and ascend the Btern. 
Should the foliage be all eaten before they attain 
full size, they descend mostly by means of the web 
and seek a new supply. Their instinct, however, 
is not infallible in guiding them aright I have 
frequently seen a stump, Bnag, or fence stake, 
black at top with them, each reaching upward, in 
vain searching for something to lay hold on, to 
climb higher. 
When full grown, the worm forms a cocoon, by 
drawing the edges of a leaf together with its web, 
when it rapidly shortens, casts its black coat and 
appears in the pupa state. In a few weeks more it 
emerges in form of a large white moth or miller, 
which ia most active about twillght- 
The past season these worms were so numer¬ 
ous that the bushes in the forest looked as if 
covered with white blosssoms. I think the 
miller deposits its eggs on the ground, where 
they remain till the ensuing spring, when 
they hatch, and ascend some neighboring tree, 
agaiu to carry on their devastation. I write 
to inquire of yon and your numerous correspond¬ 
ents, the history, &c., of this (to me) new enemy; 
whether it is likely to remain a permanent enemy, 
or like the Hessian lly or wheat midge, only visit 
ua semi-occasionally ?—bas l>r. Fitch described 
it?—what will be the effect on the denuded trees? 
APPLE TREE BORER. 
Eng. Rural New-Yorker: —Inclosed please 
find a genuine Saperua isivittata, or Apple 
Tree Borer. It was taken from an apple tree in 
my orchard, and is transformed from the ngly 
grub to the perfect insect, and is well fitted to 
choose a mate and go out in the world to propa¬ 
gate its species. This insect is so extremely shy 
iri Its habits, that it is seldom Heen or captured, 
and this is only the second one that I have ever 
seen in the winged state. I would urge upon 
Loaf Cake.— Mrs. S., of Chautauqua Co., N. Y., 
inquires if some one will give her a recipe for 
making plain loaf cake with hop yeast. I will 
give my plan;—Five poundR flour; two Of sugar; 
three-fourths of lard; three-fourths of butter; one 
pint of yeast; six or eight eggB; one quart milk; 
raisins and spice to yoor taste. Make your dough 
as for bread, aud after raising sufficiently, work 
in the other ingredients. Pat Into tins and raise 
again. 
I also give a recipe for molasses gingerbread:— 
One cup of molasses; one of cream; one spoon of 
ginger; one teaspoon of ealeratua; two eggs. 
Make as thick as common soft cake.—M. S., Kala- 
cool nights, until it cam« up thick as before, and Ailed 
the whole pot, whon it was gradually hardened off; 
until, by the uiiddio of October, the entire surface of 
some five hundred pots were covered with a thick green 
mat or sod, 
“ Aboot the beginning or middle of November, I 
planted out about fifty pots or sods iu different situa¬ 
tions and exposures. Some of them in a very low spot, 
whore they were part of the winter under water, occa¬ 
sionally frozen entirely over. Sometimes, when the 
water subsided, the plants or sods, about two inches in 
diameter, were fully exposed above the water in a soft 
oozy mud, to the alternating influence of hot sun and 
chilly winds; and yet every sod preserved its character 
and color, and 1 am not ionsdOus that a .'.ingle plant, 
of the many composing each, lias either perished or 
su fibred. 
11 This has proved to tny mind quite satisfactorily that 
our winters will not kill it; for these plants were put out 
purposely, under evsry disadvantage, so late in tho 
autumn as to prevent any chance of the roots taking 
hold of the ground. 
“ ft. now remains to he seen if it will prove equally 
ntense summer heat. 
Lemon Cake.— Take one teacup of butter, and 
three of sugar; rub them to a cream; stir into 
them the yolks of five eggs, well beaten; dissolve 
a teaspoon of Baleratns in a cup of milk, and add 
the milk; add the juice and grated peel of one 
lemon, and the whites of live eggs; and sift in as 
light as possible four cups of flour. 
Ginger Snaps.— One pint of molasses; one 
spoon of ginger; one teaspoon of saleratus,— 
boil all the ingredients thoroughly. When nearly 
cold add as much flour as can be rolled into the 
mixture, aud cut very thin.— M. C., Bennington, 
AC Y., I860. __ 
Bachelor's Corn Cake.— A pint of sifted corn 
meal, and a teaspoonful of salt; two teaspoonfuls 
of butter, and a quarter of a cup of cream; two 
eggs well beaten. Add milk till it is a thin lritter 
batter, and bake in deep tin pans. Beat it well, 
and bake with a qnick heat, and it rises like 
pound cake. 
Lemon on Orange Ice Cream. — Squeeze a 
dozen lemons, and make the juice thick with 
sugar; then stir in slowly three quarts of cream, 
and freeze it. Oranges require less sugar.— Mrs. 
Weak. _ 
Pickling Sweet Apples.— To one half peck of 
sweet apples make a syrup of two pounds sugar, 
and one pint of vinegar. Boil the apples in this 
syrup until tender; then remove them, and make 
a new Byrup of 24 !hs. of sagar and ono pint of 
vinegar. Add One leaspoonful of cloves, and one 
of cinnamon tied in a bag. Let the syrup boil 15 
or 20 minutes; then pour it, while hot, over the 
fruit. The first syrup is good for other sauces. 
examination in May and in October; and to 
sharpen the sight of the " boys,” I pay for the 
first grub twenty-five cents, and live cents each 
for all the rest they capture, and you may he sure 
that they look pretty close after them. 
We remove the earth from the collar of the 
tree, and then scrape the rough bark off; and if 
a dark spot is found, it is closely examined with 
the point of a stout knife. Sometimes they are 
just under the bark, like the peach grub; hut 
generally they make a burrow in the solid wood, 
by cutting about one-fourth of an inch in, and 
then working upward. Sometimes we lind them 
up about a foot from the surface of the ground, 
but not often. In an orchard of about five hun¬ 
dred trees that wo examined this spring, we 
caught only fifteen grubs. 
Old trees arc sometimes so cut and perforated, 
that it is impossible to get them all out without 
destroying the tree, which is the best way; for if 
one tree be left with a few grubs In it, it may be 
the means of stocking the whole orchard with 
them. My observation of the habits of this in¬ 
sect, has satisfied me that it does not travel far, 
and persons who plant good dean trees in a local¬ 
ity where there are no grubs within a mile, may 
not be troubled with them for a life time; but 
don’t plant trees unless you examine them well 
before you plant, as they are often sent out gratis 
with the trees. 0, T. Ilomis. 
Randolph, Crawford Co., i’a., 1860. 
which they have full access, 
notices that the tops of trees being most exposed 
grow vigorously, and also that growth is moat 
active in the newly formed parts, consequently 
the tops require to be cut hade, to cause the sap to 
flow into and develope the trunk and other 
branches. To keep the top properly balanced, 
remove a portion of the growing parts from such 
branches as seem inclined to outgrow the rest. 
Stunted trees (this is a large subject, my 
countrymen,) may be helped by cuttiug-baek— 
removing most of the buds, and thus inducing a 
vigorous growth of the remainder. 
“Pruning to Induce Fruitfulness .—This is Con¬ 
ducted on the principle that whatever is favorable 
to rapid, vigorous growth, is unfavorable to the 
immediate production of fruit. Hence the object 
iB to check growth. The only period at which 
this pruning is performed, is after vegetation iB 
commenced.” 
Fruning to diminish fruitfulness is conducted on 
the same principle as to renew growth. In trans¬ 
planting trees, keep the top proportioned to the 
roots. 
In trimming, “place the edge of the knife op¬ 
posite the lower part of the bud to be cut to, and 
then make a firm, quick draw cut, Bioping up¬ 
ward, so that the knife will come out on a level 
with the point of the hud.” The cut should be 
made aB much as possible on the lower side of the 
branch, to prevent the rain from lodging. 
I hope others will relieve their minds on this 
subject. t. B. 
Had we a tree large enough to bear fruit, hut 
which continued to make a vigorous growth of 
wood without showing blossoms, we would give 
it a pruning in June. This would check the 
growth of the tree, and induce the formation of 
fruit-buds. Pruning the roots in the spring would 
produce the same result. But an old tree, that 
needs invigorating, we would treat in a very dif¬ 
ferent manner, for this would increase, instead of 
remedying the evil. A tree in this condition 
should receive a thorough pruning in the spring; 
the roots should he excited to activity by stirring 
the soil, and a thorough manuring on the surface. 
satisfactory in our intense summer heat. I think it 
merits all that has heen said of its beauty ami color in 
England; and if it will stand our summer as well iut our 
winters, it will, indeed, be a great acquisition. 
“ I have this epiyng planted about live hundred bqiIh 
of it, four to six inches apart each way, and hope, before 
of verdure heretofore unknown in 
long, to see a piece 
this part of the country.” 
The Chinese Yam.—O ur experience iu the culture of 
this yam is as follows:—About the middle of February, 
I860, in our home uursery, which is deep light soil, we 
had a piece of ground forty-two feet long by five feet 
wide, trenched to the depth of three feet, and a good 
coat of hotbed manure worked into it at that time; the 
last week in March we had the ground ridged up in two 
rows, two and a half feet apart, the ridges being about 
nine inches above the ground level, and on these were 
planted seventy-two Jets one aud a half to two inches in 
leugth, and twelve whole roots, weighing from one to 
one and a half lbs. each, in all, eighty-four, or one foot 
apart in the rows. When they had grown about six 
inches, we had them staked with the largest pea sticks 
we could get; the strongest plants soon reached the top 
of these; after the points of the shoots began to droop 
over, they soon commenced to bloom; this stopped 
the rapid growth which the plants were previously 
making, and lasts from six to eight weeks; the bloom, 
though.small, of a French white color, is very fragrant, 
and the foliage is ornamental We had the tubers taken 
out of the ground the beginning of November (this 
requires care, as a cut from the spade at this season ol 
the year often causes them to rot;) the best plan is to 
open a trench three feet deep, at the beginning of the 
and to keep following them to the end: the produce 
a full sized worm. 
I inclose three specimens 
one retired into his leaf, the other passed into the 
pupa state. Gibbons Parry. 
Florida, Henry Co., 0., May 29,1860. 
Remarks. 
•The worm described by our corres¬ 
pondent is the Palmer Worm , and we give engrav¬ 
ings, showing it in the grub and perfect state, 
from Fitch, They were very injurious here in 
1858, and it was only by the greatest perseverance 
that some of our best orchards were saved. In 
1850 they were less numerous. Jarring the tree, 
and catching the worms as they hang suspended, 
Beems to be the only remedy. A swab coated with 
■Inquiries anb ^Insroers, 
The Western Baldwin Apple, again, —Permit me 
to say a few words in answer to Mr. L. L. Hall, in the 
Ruhal of March 17th, and also to that in the issue of 
April 28ili. In liia first article to the public, be has been 
shown to be incorrect, and therefore unreliable as a his¬ 
torian, which character he very flippantly assumed, lu 
his sucund attempt, he has been equally unfortunate in 
the statement of his fads concerning this Western Bald¬ 
win apple, and scions. I procured apples of Mr. John¬ 
son, which, Mr. Hall said, after examining and tasting, 
were Western Baldwins; but they did not prove such on 
comparing them with those left with yon, showing that 
he did not know tho apple which he claims to have 
named and introduced to the notice of the public,—an 
apple which hsis been cultivated in this neighborhood 
six years. Scions were obtained of Mr. Johnson,— not 
of Mr. Hall. Mr. JOHNSON did not say the scions on his 
trees belonged to Mr. Hall. My statement that Mr. 
To Prepare Citron for Fruit Cake.— Pare 
and stew tho citron until soft, then add an equal 
quantity of sugar; dry them in a dish until the 
juice is nearly dried out, then spread them on 
plates and net them in a luke-warm oven until dry. 
Add a low drops of extract lemoD, and they are 
ready for use.—Mas. N., Gouvmteur, N. Y., 1860. 
Raised Muffins.— One pint of milk and two 
eggs; one tablespoouful of yeast and a Balt spoon 
of salt Mix these ingredients with sufficient 
flour to make a thick batter. Let it rise four or 
five hours, and bake in muffin rings. This you 
will find most excellent. Tilda. 
destructive to the worms. The engraving shows 
the perfect insect double the natural size, the 
cross-lines, A, being the true size. The worm is 
also shown of two Bizes, the larvm when small 
being somewhat tapering, as represented in the 
Bmall figure. 
rows. 
from the twelve large roots was seventy-four lbs., and 
the largest tuber weighed seven lbs. four ounces, (the 
remaining portion of the row in which these grew has 
been left for another season's experiment.) Now we 
