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S WHOLE NO. 564, 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
that are to occupy the pork barrel the coming 
winter, should not be allowed to waste time, as 
you can add to their weight much cheaper now 
than during cold weather. This la a fact which 
all admit, yet Rome actus though it was forgotten. 
We have had a moat abundant crop of apples 
this season, and they are go cheap that only the 
best varieties, and thoao sound and fit for ship¬ 
ping, are worth carrying to market. Thousands 
of barrels are lying exposed under the trees, 
and many are not considered worth the picking. 
Barrels, too, on uocount of the great demand for 
shipping apples and potatoes, are very high, and 
In gome places can hardly be obtained at any 
price, so that farmers find it ex pensive and in¬ 
convenient to barrel their fruit. But the crop 
should not be allowed to run to waste. It will 
cost but little to get them into the cellar, and they 
will be found excellent for stock daring the 
winter, and in the spring the better and long 
keeping sorts may gell at a fair price. 
Since writing the above, wo learn that the corn 
j ' otting in the shock, in several places, and we 
' been shown samples entirely ruined. Let 
er* who have eoru rUmlEng out, look to It at 
oil i. After one fine day. (now Oot. 26th,) it is 
i mg again, with every prospect of a contlnn- 
. e of unfavorable weather. 
fields of wheat, for example, differ widely from 
others in this respect; so do those of barley, and 
the other kinds of corn. Even in individual 
fields, It often occurs that the corn may be safely 
cut wet in some places, while it would be certain 
ruin to do ho in others. We never cut wet grain, 
if possible; but in a wet harvest it never could bo 
wholly avoided. It will thus readily be seen that 
it would batllo the pen cf any wiiter to chronicle, 
even at the time, a faithful account of all the de¬ 
tails of reaping in a bad harvest, so fitfully 
changeable is the weather, and diversified, and 
voluminous are the consequences that follow. 
Bussing over the reaping machine, the scythe, 
the reaping hook, and sickle, as implements with 
which all are now equally familiar, what first en¬ 
gages the attention of the farmer, whichever of 
these implements he uses for cutting, is to get his 
corn dry into small sheaves, and loogely tied or 
bound before the straw is too ripe and broken. 
There are three reasons for this; first, the sheaves 
can be more loogely bound, they stand better in 
the stock, while they, at tho same time, permit a 
free circulation of air, the "m; , - u,g ih 11 
liable to matt Iiai, otherwise; end, they dry 
sooner when wet through; m ird, they are 
sooner ready for stack-yard. In each of these 
cases the practical conclusion is so manifest that 
it would bo superfluous to advance a single sen¬ 
tence in corroboration of their importance.— 
Large light-bound sheaves are the Curse of a tret 
harvest, both in the field and slack-yard. 
As to tho actual size of the sheaf, no general 
rule can be laid down, ucleas it be —as small as it 
will stand in the stook. In fine, dry seasons the 
rule, or gauge, for asticef-is if inches through; 
hut In wet harvests we never used to allow above 
the half of this size, and often even Icbb than that 
—or three Bmall sheaves out of one ordinary one 
Much depends upon the quality of the straw. 
If it i$ soft, leafy, or full of grass, many are the 
diftiddlties experienced in getting it safely har¬ 
vested in wet seasons like the present We have 
known cases where a single sheaf that contained 
S3"cb wet grass flre-funeed a whole stack, which 
without that sheaf would have kept well. In cut¬ 
ting crops of this kind, therefore, the farmer 
must always look forward to consequences in his 
stack-yard. Where a fifth part of ibe area has 
ueco sown out with gr;> •;-> acoda (ray-grass and 
clover,) the clover rise* high amongst the corn. 
In such instances, the crop, whether it be barley, 
wheat, or oats, is either cut above the clover as 
much as possible, or else the clover is shaken out 
and given to stock. We have adopted various 
plans of this kind, the maxim being never to tie 
up wet clover in the sheaf. The same maxim is 
applicable to soft and leafy short straw. 
With regard to the practice of leaving corn 
abroad in tho swath to dry when cut wet with the 
scythe or reaping machine, and in the open sheaf 
when cut with the reaping hook or sickle, it is 
not approved of as a general rule, and only fol¬ 
lowed in a very few exceptionary cases. We have 
tried it, but were never successful, having always 
found the small, loosely-tied sheaf, when properly 
stooked, sooner dry than the corn in either of the 
other two eases, and less liable to malt and to lose 
color. In short, we always made it a rule to keep 
the stocking dose up to the Cutting.” 
Culture of Wheat. 
In the Irish Fanners' Uazette, for September 
29, we have an editorial upon “ Farming Opera¬ 
tions for October,” from which we extract the 
following paragraphs treating upon the culture of 
wheat: 
This should be the principal month for Bowing 
winter wheat, whether the preparation be by 
naked fallow, or after clover, beans, vetches, or 
potatoes; although on some rich, light soils the 
end of the mouth may be preferable. If sown on 
fallow, be suro it has received, at least, four plow- 
ings, with the necessary harrowings between, and 
thoroughly cleansed; but let the seed be putin 
on a stale farrow, six weeks old, at least; if after 
clover, the land-presser will be necCBaary, to close 
and consolidate the sods and bury the clover. If 
the land is dry, it should be plowed into wide 
lauds, about forty l'eet wide, as the produce will 
be of a more equal sample, aud ripen more evenly 
than if Hown in ridges, which, in times of drouth, 
are more dry in the center, and too wet at the 
furrows in times of raio; besides, the crop at the 
crown, or to one side, is ripe, while that at the 
edges, or one side, is still green, and in waiting 
for the latter, the former is shed; but If the land 
is damp or uudrained, Bowing in ridges is una¬ 
voidable; in which case, the narrower the ridge 
is the better. The application of some artificial 
manure, such as phospho-l’eruvian guano, or bone 
dust, will assist the crop considerably. 
Seed .—The Beed should be procured at as great 
a distance as possible from home, and from an 
earlier soil and climate, but ns dissimilar as possi¬ 
ble; let it be plump, of good color, and free from 
the seeds of weedp, smut, bunt, and rust,—to free 
it from the latter, it should be steeped in the fol¬ 
lowing: 
Prepare a brine of salt and water strong enough 
to float nn egg, and in sufficient quantity to admit 
the grain to be stirred about aud scrubbed by a 
broom, taking care to lernove all floating grains; 
dissolve half a pound of snip! a‘o of copper (blue- 
stone) to each barrel of a ed to be steeped; the 
seed may remain In tho steep from 90 to IS hours; 
it is then taken out, and left to drain over tubs in 
baskets or aiev a, and, when sufficiently drained, 
it Is spread thinly on tho fioor, and some finely 
slaked lime sifted over it; it is then thoroughly 
mixed, mote lime being a ided, till each grain is 
coated over, and ao dry that no two grains may 
stick together. 
Prepare only as much seed at a time as may be 
sown in one day; if, through stress of weather or 
any other cause, some should remain, it should 
be scattered thinly over a dry floor, and turned 
The main building is twenty-six feet square and 
eighteen feet iu height,—has a square cottage 
roof, heavy cornice, corner boards, and pillars to 
correspond. A light, open cornice, pillars, Ac., 
would probably be less expensive. Wo could sug¬ 
gest, an Improvement, by extending tho verandah 
around throe sides, or else adding either bay win¬ 
dows or balconies to the south, or left hand sido. 
It is painted brown (amber) with white trimmings. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE. 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 
Thk Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unsurpassed 
in Value, Purity, TTsnfulnoBB and Variety of Contents, and 
unique and beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor de¬ 
votes lus personal attention to the supervision of Us 
various departments, and earnestly tabors to render the 
Rural an eminently Reliable Guide on all the important 
Practical, Scientific and other Subjects intimately con¬ 
nected wit.li the biiMnesa of those whose interests It. 
zealously advocates. As a Family Journal It is emi¬ 
nently Instructive and Entertaining —being so conducted 
that it can be safely taken to the Hearts and Homes of 
people of intelligence, taste and discrimination. It em¬ 
braces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Edu¬ 
cational, Literary aud News Matter, interspersed with 
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other 
journal,—rendering it. the most complete Agricultural, 
Literary and Family Newspaper in America. 
For Terms and other particulars, see last page. 
CARRIAGE ROOM AND STAPLE, 
C, Stable 
depend* vu '.Ik noil, and tho timo and mauner of | 
Bowing. If sown early, the land being dry and in 
good condition, eightto ten stones (Bubal readers 
will remember that fourteen pounds is technically 
denominated a “atone,”) will sow the Irish acre, 
either by the driller broadcast under tho plow; 
but tho longer sowing is deferred the more seed 
will be required. On inferior soils it will be 
necessary to givo from twelve up to eighteen 
stones per Irish acre. 
1 Biao tnf tone trie pmn oi a carriage house, stable, 
Ac., yet to be built, which can be done, beside 
cattle sheds already complete, for the $200 yonr 
correspondent allows. c. w. fl. 
Huntley Grove, Ill., i860. 
EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE, 
A VISIT TO CANADA. 
Harvesting In Wet Weather. 
The past season was a trying one to English 
farmers, owing to the almost incessant rains, and 
those specially interested are now discussing, in 
the Agricnl'ural journals, the merits of various 
modes of conducting the operations of the har¬ 
vest field during wet, or “catching” weather. 
“Necessity the mother of invention,” is a car¬ 
dinal principle readily recognized by English 
farmers, and if it is possible to avert the disasters 
incident to inanBnicioas atmospheric conditions, 
w* have great faith in Johnny Hull’s persever¬ 
ance and pluck. The Mark Lane Express is ac¬ 
tively engaged in this discussion, and we 
from its columns, as follows: 
“In wet harvests the universal maxim is, never 
to postpone anything till to-morrow that can be 
dene to-day, always providing fer the worst Iu 
such seasons it is often, from first to hist, a 
pitched battle with the weather, the farmer him¬ 
self being always in the forefront in the fray, 
storming and in a storm, be it wet or dry. 
Iu all cases of this kind, masters and servants, 
generally speaking, thoroughly understand each 
others’ iuterests, and accordingly are ready aud 
willing to act together whenever the golden 
opportunity occurs. If reapers are allowed to 
recruit their strength in a wet morning, they will 
go into it, when the day breaks up, with a spirit 
and a force which otherwise they would not, and 
even could not do. And even if they have two 
or three fine working days together, but are Bure 
of tho firBt wet day to themselves, they will then 
daily go through an extra quantity of work. 
What would be the thought of the general, who, 
under similar circumstances, had not his soldiers 
fresh and ready for the fight? Just so it is with 
the farmer in the harvest-field. If half the work¬ 
ing time is wet, and barely the other half dry, as 
is often the cose, nothing can be more short¬ 
sighted than to dabble hands ut some dirty jobs 
during the former period when they have to per¬ 
form double work during the latter. In a wet 
harvest always have yonr hands ready for the on¬ 
slaught, aud never squander a single hour that 
should be spent directly or indirectly for the 
harvest. 
The second thing in a wet season is, to have the 
teams fresh aud ready for their extra work when¬ 
ever occasion requires. In this case, as in the 
last, the farmer must look often a long way before 
him; for if his teams aro not prepared to do tho 
extra work within the short time a wet season 
allows, tho upshot need not to he told. Night 
work In carrying is generally avoided if possible; 
but we have frequently gone on two days and the 
two intervening nighta, stopping only one hour 
each night, and when we awoke on the fourth 
morning and perceived about three acres of 
stocks iu the rain, there was loud murmuring in 
all corners of the camp, that wo were not held on 
to the previous midnight, so as to have secured 
the whole. If prepared for it, men and horses 
will go through a vast amount of work, in such 
cases, to secure ‘the fruits of the earth,’ but not 
otherwise. 
Men aud horses ready for work, the next thing 
for notice is the work itself, ‘ the cutting, stook- 
itig, and stacking the corn.’ In the former of 
these operations—the catting—the details of the 
practice depend ranch upon the quality of the 
crop, as to how it will stand bad weather. Some 
SEASONABLE HINTS 
The Sommer is gone—the Btrngglea of another 
seaaon are about over. The U(e and pushing 
tivity of spring and early summer—the toils of 
later summer and autumn harvests a*e nearly at 
an end, aod we are about to settle down into the 
quiet and repose of another winter. The weather 
in this section during October has been very un¬ 
favorable for farm work, for we have scarcely 
had two days in succession withont rain. This 
has materially delayed operations, and unless we 
have a few weeks of tolerably fair weather, of 
which there is now some prospect, the result 
must be disastrous. Thousands of acres of pota¬ 
toes yet remain in the ground, and the predispo¬ 
sition to rot bo* be u f*vored by the unusual 
amount of rain, which has completely soaked the 
soil. Many farmers in this section are bring¬ 
ing theii crop to market as last as dug, fearing to 
keep potatoes over winter, and as shippers are 
somewhat afraid to buy, the price is low—too 
much so to be remunerative. If the rot is as gen¬ 
eral as we suppose it to be, potatoes kept well 
until spring, wo judge muBt bring a fair price. 
A great deal of corn remains in the fields un- 
hasked, and the stalkB in many cases are injured, 
appearing black and mildewed. All the fine 
weather we have this autnruu will be needed, and 
every moment should be improved. Never before 
have we seen so favorable a season for the growth 
of roots. Turnips, even when planted so late that 
in ordinary seasons they would have been a fail¬ 
ure, have made an extraordinary growth. Car¬ 
rots, Beets, Parsnips, und in fact all roots have 
done nobly, and if saved as they shoud be, will go 
a long way in helping though the coming winter. 
But there are a good many things that need to 
be done before winter sets In besides securing 
crops, aud some of these, we fear, in the present 
hurrying time will be forgotten or neglected. 
The wheat grower this season will need no patent 
level to discover the low spots in Iris fields, 
though he may need a hint that a little surface 
drainage will be Of grmit benefit, and prevent 
the killing out of places that would give the field 
a spotted and bad appearance, and lessen the 
prodncL The coarser fodder should be all se¬ 
cured, for even it it. is not needed, it makes one 
comfortable to know 'hat he is provided fur the 
worst. Necessary } rvisiun must be made for 
sheltering cattle, and racks aud bins fur todier- 
ing, to avoid the wasting of half the feed. Most 
likely barns and stables need considerable patch¬ 
ing to make them comfortable, aud the cellar' 
must be banked up and the windows Becured, All 
this should be done as early as possible, for it is 
a sorry job on a cold day, especially If a good 
deal of mischief is done before you get at it. 
All summer tools should be stored away under 
cover, for a winter’s exposure generally does 
more evil than a whole summer’s work. 
All good keepers agree that it is the very worst 
policy to allow animals to lose flesh iu the au¬ 
tumn, or even to stand still, and yet in too many 
cases animals receive a check in the autumn 
before being put on regular ratious, from which 
they Blowly recover. Let animals commence 
winter with a go-ahead impetus, that, with proper 
care, will keep them moving all winter. This 
is true philosophy, and economy too. Hogs 
Mr. Moore:— I have recemtly been in Canada 
in the towns of Whitby, Pickering, and Darling¬ 
ton, and I think these towns the garden of the 
portion of Canada I have visited. The land is 
excellent and highly cultivated; buildings good, 
equal to any farming district I have ever passed 
through, with the exception of those near large 
cities, and their highways are as good as any I 
ever traveled, I was quite surprised to see such 
roads and buildings, especially when I know that 
thirty years ago, and perhaps lesa, that whole dis¬ 
trict was a wuiluruenr. 1 be timber wa.r pnn>.-i- 
pally beeoh and maple, yet the stumps are all gone, 
and tho country looks an old as around Geneva. 
I attended the Agricultural Show at Whitby tho 
first day, when the grain, roots, implements and 
ladies’ work were exhibited. The roots were the 
beBt I have Been; tho carrots und turnips very 
large. The grain was also very line. The white 
wheat (Soule’s) I think could not be excelled in 
any country. The spring wheat shown was good, 
but I saw better spring wheat in Canada last year. 
The peas and oats were very good. I am sorry 
we cannot raise peas like the Canadians. I think 
our oats as good- 
The Ladles’ work was beautiful, but I am no 
jadge of such articles. There were some line 
portraits and other paintings exhibited in the 
same hall, aud what I thought a fine toned piano 
was kept in uso all the time X was there. 
The Mechanical productions (farm Implements, 
Ac.,) were also exhibited the first day. Some of 
those enormous long 250 lb plows were there, but 
the farmers aro beginning to find out that what 
they call Yankee plows are better than the long, 
heavy ones which they have held on to so long, 
without ever reasoning on the subject. Many are 
now throwing them aside, and using the Yankee 
plow they so long held in /Frisian, or at least, imi¬ 
tation Yankee plows manufactured at Oshava. 
There were two kinds shown; some with cast-iron 
beams, similar to ours; then there were steel 
plows with wooden beams, similar to those made 
by Messrs. Remingtons Markham A Co., of this 
State, but not near so good a plow, in rny opin¬ 
ion, and I believe the latter would sell better if 
introduced there than those made in Oshawa. 
The manufacturers at Oshawa might do well to 
lave a plow from Ilion as a puttein. Although 
there is $9 duty on each plow, I have no doubt 
Messrs. It., M. A Co., could under-sell the Oshawa 
manufacturers, or at least they could sell a better 
article at the same price. Their cast-iron beam 
plows appeared to me to be equal to any of ours, 
and for some purposes better. I thought well of 
the cultivators shown. The iron ones were new to 
me, and I do think must answer tho purpose they 
are made for, better than any I ever saw. There 
were two kinds of harrows shown; one a rotating, 
on a new principle; the other was an Jmprove- 
on the common double harrow, which I think 
good. There were different kindB of cutting 
boxes; those I never pay much attention to. I 
don’t see what use cattle have for teeth if their 
fodder has to be cut for them. 
The second day the stock were shown. The 
Horses, or at least part of them, were of immense 
size — I thought altogether too heavy lor farm 
work—but they were noble looking animals. Cue 
CHEAP FAEM-HOUSE FOB THE WEST. 
Eds. Rural Nkw-Yohker:—A s yon asked for 
replies from western readers to the request of H. 
Gajidxnkr, Fulton Co., I1L, for apian of a cheap 
farm house, I Inclose that of one recently bnilt by 
my father near Huntley Grove, McHenry Co., Ill. 
It is pronounced by all who have examined, to 
be exceedingly convenient; and all complete will 
certainly not exceed in cost $1,000. Lumber was 
purchased in Chicago in the fall of 1858. 
FIRST FLOOR. 
A, Sitting-Room— 18x15; fl, Bed-room—11x11; C, Din¬ 
ing-Room—13x15; J), l'antry-5xll; E, Hall—7,^x11; 
F, Verandas; U, Wood-House— 14x14; H, Kitchen—lOx 
14; /, Collar Stairs; J, CloBet—2x8; A', Cistern; 3 French 
Windows in front. 
SECOND FLOOR. 
J, Bed-room—11x13; fl, Bed-room—13x15; C, Bed-room 
—10x13; D, Bed-room 8x10: AJ, Hall—3x12; F, Closet— 
6x10; G, Closet—2x7; U, Garret-way; J, Closet— 3x5. 
N TNI AH I 
